WHAT WERE THEY THINKING? UNCONVENTIONAL WISDOM ABOUT MANAGEMENT by Jeffrey Pfeffer Graduate School of Business Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-5015 Chapter 1. What Were They Thinking? Avoiding Common Management Mistakes PART I. PEOPLE-CENTERED STRATEGIES Chapter 2. The Face of Your Business: It’s People, Not Software, that Build Customer Relationships Chapter 3. Making Companies More Like Communities Chapter 4. A Blueprint for Success: Spend More on Training Chapter 5. How Companies Get Smarter: Taking Chances and Making Mistakes Chapter 6. Why Employees Should Lead Themselves PART II. CREATING EFFECTIVE WORKPLACES Chapter 7. Stop Picking Employees’ Pockets—It Seldom Fixes Anything Chapter 8. Let Workers Work: The Downsides of Having People Manage their Own Benefits Chapter 9. Why Spy on Your Employees? Building Trust in the Workplace Chapter 10. All Work, No Play? Maybe Long Hours Doesn’t Pay Chapter 11. Sins of Commission: Fixing Incentives Chapter 12. More Mr. Nice Guy: Why Cutting Benefits is a Bad Idea Chapter 13. Resumes Don’t Tell: Pick People for What They Can Do, Not What They May Have Done PART III. POWER PLAY: RETHINKING LEADERSHIP AND INFLUENCE Chapter 14. The Courage to Rise Above: Don’t Be Afraid to Stand Out Chapter 15. Executive-in-Chief: The Importance of Framing and Repetition Chapter 16. How to Turn on the Charm: Building Influence through Real Human Interaction for a Change Chapter 17. A Field Day for Executives: The Benefits of Knowing What Your Organization Actually Does Chapter 18. The Whole Truth and Nothing But Chapter 19. Refuse to Lose: Persistence Pays Chapter 20. No More Excuses PART IV. MEASURES OF SUCCESS: RETHINKING ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGY Chapter 21. The Real Budget Crisis: Stop Rewarding Forecasting and Negotiating Instead of Real Performance Chapter 22. Shareholder Return is the Wrong Measure of Performance Chapter 23. Dare to be Different Chapter 24. Curbing the Urge to Merge Chapter 25. Don’t Believe the Hype About Strategy PART V. FACING THE NATION: ORGANIZATIONS AND PUBLIC POLICY Chapter 26. In Praise of Organized Labor: What Unions Really Do Chapter 27. What to Do—and Not Do—About Executive Pay Chapter 28. Stopping Corporate Misdeeds: How We Teach the Wrong Lessons Acknowledgements