vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE
PAGE
DECLARATION
ii
DEDICATION
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
iv
ABSTRACT
v
ABSTRAK
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
vii
LIST OF TABLES
xii
LIST OF FIGURES
xiii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xvi
LIST OF APPENDICES
xvii
1 PROJECT OVERVIEW
1.1
Introduction
1
1.2
Background of Problem
3
1.3
Statement of the Problem
4
1.4
Research Objectives
5
1.5
Scope
5
1.6
Importance of the Research Study
6
1.7
Chapter Summary
6
viii
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
Introduction
7
2.2
Information Management
9
2.2.1
Information Management System
11
2.2.2
Information Modelling
11
2.2.3
Information System Models
12
2.2.4
Information System Framework
15
2.3
Concept of Design
17
2.3.1
Architectural Design
17
2.3.2
Architect
18
2.3.3
Architect and the Building Design
19
2.3.4
Architectural Design Process
21
2.3.5
Architectural Design Information Sources
24
2.3.6
Architectural Design Information Search and
25
Storage
2.4
2.5
Information Management in Architectural Design
27
2.4.1 Design Process Modeling
28
2.4.2 Design Process Modeling Tools
28
2.4.3 Architectural Design Information Repository
33
Problems and Weaknesses in Managing Architectural Design
34
Information
2.6
Architectural Design Information Requirements Determination
2.6.1
Activity Theory Background
35
37
2.7
Discussion
38
2.8
Chapter Summary
39
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1
Introduction
40
3.2
Research Design
41
3.3
Project Methodology
41
3.3.1
Phase 1: Initial Planning
44
3.3.2
Phase 2: Analysis
44
3.3.2.1 Literature Review Analysis
44
ix
3.3.2.2 Data Collection
45
3.3.2.3 Collected Data Analysis
50
Phase 3: Modeling
52
3.3.3.1 Design Framework
52
3.3.3.2 System Development Methodology
53
3.3.3.3 Methodology Justification
53
Phase 4: Evaluate the Framework
54
3.3.4.1 Apply and Evaluate the Framework
54
3.3.4.2 Report Writing
54
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.4
Project Schedule
55
3.5
Software and Hardware Requirements
55
3.6
Chapter Summary
58
4 DATA COLLECTION AND DATA ANALYSIS
4.1
Introduction
59
4.2
Organizational Analysis
60
4.2.1
Introduction to Faculty of Built Environment (FAB)
60
4.2.1.1
FAB’ objectives
61
4.2.1.2
Mission and Vision
61
4.2.1.3
FAB Organizational Structure
61
4.2.2
4.3
4.4
62
Data Collection
64
43.1
Observation and Discussion
64
4.3.2
Design Structure Matrix
65
Observation, Discussion, and Matrix Design
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.5
Royal Institute of British Architects
Observation and Discussion Summary
Design Matrix Summary
Architectural Design Information System Requirement Capture
66
66
67
72
4.5.1 Applying the Concept of Activity Theory to Architectural 73
Design
4.6
Chapter Summary
80
x
5 FRAMEWORK OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
5.1
Introduction
81
5.2
Matrix Representation of Architectural Design Phases
82
5.3
Design Process Analysis: Partitioning
84
5.4
5.3.1
Identifying Loops by Powers of Adjacency Matrix
85
5.3.2
Ordering of Tasks within the Blocks (Tearing)
88
Proposed framework for Architectural Design Information 92
Management System (ADIMS)
5.5
System Overview
92
5.6
User Registration and Login Validation
95
5.7
Information Model Design
98
5.8
Chapter Summary
100
6 THE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
6.1
Introduction
102
6.2
User Specification
103
6.3
Prototype and Interface Requirement Specification
103
6.4
Architectural Design Information Management System
104
6.5
Web Presentation
107
6.5.1
The Architect Module
107
6.5.2
The Client Module
115
6.5.3
The Admin Module
118
6.5.4
Search Module
120
6.6 Data Management Service Logic
121
6.7 Information Repository
122
6.8 Software Quality and Testing
123
6.9
6.8.1
User Interface Testing
124
6.8.2
User – Case Testing
128
6.8.3
Documentation Testing
132
Chapter Summary
133
xi
7 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
7.1
Introduction
134
7.2
Achievements
134
3.3
Constrains, Challenges and Limitations
136
7.4
Aspiration
137
7.5
Chapter Summary
137
REFERENCES
Appendices A - F
138
142- 167
xii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO.
TITLE
PAGE
2.1
Definitions of Data, Information and Knowledge
9
2.2
The Set of Architectural Representations prepared over
21
the process of building a Building
3.1
The RIBA Outline Plan of Work
23
Data, Source, Method of Collection, and
50
Person/Organization Involved
3.2
Software Requirements
56
4.1
Description of Actions
79
5.1
Partitioning Algorithm
85
5.2
Tearing Algorithm
88
5.3
Nodes with their Row and Column Entries
89
6.1
Screen Layout Testing
125
6.2
Report Layout Testing
126
6.3
Form Layout Testing
127
6.4
Menu Testing
128
6.5
Use-case testing for Architect Page
129
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO
TITLE
PAGE
2.1
Literature Review Framework
8
2.2
Physical Architecture of an Information System
14
2.3
Distributed Information system architecture
16
2.4
Information Search Process
27
2.5
Directed Graph
29
2.6
PERT Chart
30
2.7
SADT Technique
31
2.8
Design Structure Matrix
32
2.9
Screen shot of the Interface in Browser mode
34
2.10
Basic Structure of an Activity
37
2.11
The three levels of Activity
38
3.1
Project Operational Framework
43
4.1
Input of Architect with 20 Years Experience
68
4.2
Input of Architect with 4 Years Experience
70
4.3
Input of Unregistered Professional with 6 Years
71
Experience
4.4
Activity System for Architectural Design Information
75
Management System
4.5
The Hierarchical Decomposition of Activities into
Actions
78
xiv
5.1
The Flow of Information in Architectural Design Stages
83
5.2
The Design Structure Matrix with non-zero entries
86
replaced with 1’s
5.3
The Square of Adjacency Matrix
87
5.4
The Cube of Adjacency Matrix
87
5.5
Tear Suggested by the Matrix
90
5.6
System Overview
93
5.7
Architect, Client, and Admin Activity Management
95
5.8
Architect Registration and Login Validation
96
5.9
Client Registration and Login Validation
97
5.10
System Admin Login Validation
98
5.11
Information Model
100
6.1
Model of Architectural Design Information Management
106
System (ADIMS)
6.2
The Architect Account
108
6.3
The Architect File Upload Page
109
6.4
List of Files Uploaded the Architect
109
6.5
Design Document Search
110
6.6
Architects Document Search Results
111
6.7
Architects Client Search Results
111
6.8
View Client Specification/Make Offer Page
112
6.9
Change Password Page
113
6.10
URL Subcategories Page
114
6.11
View URLs Page
114
6.12
Add Category, Subcategory, and URL Page
115
6.13
Make Appointment Page
116
6.14
Select Offer and Confirm Appointment Page
117
6.15
View Design Description Page
117
6.16
Admin Account
119
6.17
View System Users Page
119
6.18
Add New Design Description Page
120
6.19
Advanced Search
121
6.20
Database Implementation of ADIMS
123
xv
6.21
System Interface
125
xvi
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
ADIMS
Architectural Design Information Management Systems
AI
Artificial intelligence
BI
Business intelligence
CM
Content Management
DAM
Digital Asset Management
DBMS
Database Management Systems
DM
Document Management
DSS
Decision Support System
ES
Expert Systems
FAB
Faculti Alam Bina
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
HTTP
Hypertext Transport Protocol
IMS
Information Management Systems
I/O
Input/output
LCM
Learning Content Management
LM
Learning Management
MIS
Management Information Systems
RIBA
Royal Institute of British Architects
RM
Record Management
TPS
Transaction Processing Systems
UML
Unified Modelling Language
UTM
Universiti Technologi Malaysia
xvii
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX
TITLE
PAGE
A
Gantt Chart
142
B
Design Structure Matrix
149
C
RIBA Outline Plan of Work 2007
153
D
Use-Case for Adims
155
E
FAB Organizational Chart
164
F
MATLAB Printout
166