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DEGREE AND PROFESSIONAL TITLE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE SCHOOL OF HEALTH
SCIENCES
1.
DEGREES AND PROFESSIONAL TITLES
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC) grants the Academic Degrees and Professional Titles
offered by its different schools in the majors and modalities set forth in the University's General Statutes.
These Policies and Procedures refer to the academic degree of Bachelor and the professional title of
Licentiate or their equivalents under any other name,
2.
STATUS OF GRADUATE
To be considered a graduate of a major, students must:
a. Have obtained all credits and attended all lectures required by the curricular plan of their major
during the course of their studies, of which a minimum of 60 credits shall have been studied and
passed at this University, with the exception of the Medicine major, in which the minimum number
of credits that shall have been studied and passed at this University is 250.
b. Have proof of fluency in the English language.
c. Have accumulated internship credits, as established in the respective regulations.
d. They must have carried out all elective and mandatory extra-curricular activities, as established in
the respective regulations.
e. They must obtain a graduation certificate.
3.
OBTAIN A BACHELOR’S DEGREE
The requirements for obtaining a Bachelor's Degree are shown below:
a. Certificate of Graduation.
b. Record of compliance with obligations and commitments in the Registrar's Office, the Library, and
the Office of Treasury.
4.
OBTAINMENT OF PROFESSIONAL TITLE
The requirements for obtaining a Professional Title are shown below:
a. A Bachelor's degree
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b. Pass one of the following modalities for obtaining a degree or professional title:
i.
Defend and pass a thesis, which is a research paper.
ii. Defend and pass a research paper, submitted in the form of an original scientific article
published or publishable in an indexed journal.
iii. Defend and pass a professional project, which is an applied work on topics pertaining to the
profession. This may be a specialized project or a comprehensive project. It may also be
multidisciplinary.
The modality for obtaining a degree or professional title applicable to each Professional School is
established by the Dean at the start of each year.
5.
SHARED ASPECTS OF THE MODALITIES FOR OBTAINING AN ACADEMIC DEGREE
5.1
The Jury
The awarding of academic degrees is the responsibility of a Jury appointed by each school.
5.2
Formation of the Jury
The Dean, working together with the respective Program Director, appoints the members of the
Jury, which is made up of three members, and appoints one of them as the president.
The Jury members must be professors at the University and hold the title of Licentiate, specialist,
or a Master's or Doctoral Degree.
5.3
The Advisor
The Advisor of the thesis or professional project is a professor at the University, appointed by the
Program Director.
The graduate may propose one or more names. On an exceptional basis, the graduate may use
noted professionals from outside the University as consultants. In such cases, the Advisor
oversees the compliance with the institutional principles and regulations, and acts as a liaison
between the consultant and the University.
The Advisor has the authority to determine whether the work done meets the requirements of the
chosen modality.
The Advisor shall approve the presentation of the thesis, scientific article, or professional project if
he feels that the work has been satisfactorily completed and is ready to be defended.
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Date:
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The Advisor does not form part of the Jury, and may participate with the right to speak, but not to
vote, in the defense of the thesis or Professional Project and in the Jury meetings to which he/she
is invited.
5.4
Processing
The graduate shall submit to the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office,
no less than seven (7) days beforehand, three (3) printed copies of the completed work, endorsed
by the Advisor. In those cases in which the study population includes humans, the project must be
approved by the UPC Research Ethics Committee.
The printed version of the document, in the case of a thesis, shall be drafted in accordance with
the Cybertesis methodology, as explained herein below in these Policies and Procedures and
detailed in the annexes hereto; and, in the case of a scientific article, shall be drafted in accordance
with the requirements of the indexed journal selected.
The Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office forwards the copies received
to the school, which distributes them among the members of the Jury.
Each Jury member issues an informed opinion on the quality of the work and its development,
within a maximum term of fifteen (15) calendar days. The opinions may be favorable or
unfavorable. In the event of one or more unfavorable opinions, the Dean shall call on the Jury
members to reach a joint opinion. If the unfavorable opinions prevail, they shall be forwarded within
a maximum term of thirty (30) days, with the respective objections, to the graduate in order to be
rectified.
The Program Director informs the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office
when the Jury's final opinion is favorable, within a maximum term of seven (7) days.
The Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office, in coordination with the
respective Dean, or by delegation of said Dean, with the respective Program Director, establishes
the date and time of the public act for the defense of the thesis or Professional Project, within a
term not to exceed thirty (30) calendar days, counted as from the reception of the information from
the Dean referred to in the preceding paragraph.
5.5
Defense of the Thesis or Professional Project
The graduate presents the work to the Jury in a public act. The presentation cannot be read, nor
last more than forty minutes. Once the Jury's questions have been asked and answered, the Jury
deliberates in private and determines the grade. The Jury's deliberations are confidential and
secret, and shall performed in the same act. The secret grade is expressed using printed forms.
The President of the Jury publicly announces the grade assigned.
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
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The Jury's decision is final and binding.
5.6
Grades
The grades assigned may be passing or failing.
A passing grade must be determined unanimously. Passing grades may be assigned within the
following range, agreed to by majority opinion:
a. Approved
b. Remarkable
c. Outstanding
In truly exceptional circumstances, the grade of Outstanding Summa Cum Laude may be granted.
The grade is recorded in the corresponding certificate, signed by the Jury in the same act.
A failing grade shall allow the graduate, for one more time only, to attempt to obtain the degree or
title under the same modality.
5.7
Final Version
The approved version of the work--which, where applicable, shall incorporate the Jury's comments
and the formal corrections necessary, at the Jury's criteria, endorsed by the President of the Jury
or the Program Director--shall be submitted in Word, in accordance with the text markup process
indicated in the Cybertesis methodology, with the exception of scientific articles, which shall be
submitted in accordance with the requirements of the indexed journal selected. A printed and
bound copy shall be submitted to the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's
Office, along with three digital copies, which shall be distributed to the Registrar's Office, the
respective School, and the Library, which shall take care of disseminating it in due time and
as relevant, in accordance with the authorizations obtained in each specific case.
Likewise, when turning in the final version of the thesis, scientific article, or professional project,
the author(s) shall fill out and sign the "ad hoc" forms authorizing the modality of publication thereof.
The reception of this final version is a requirement for the granting of the corresponding title.
6.
THESIS SUBMISSION PROCESS
6.1
Definitions
When choosing this modality, the graduate submits a thesis, which is a research paper.
6.2
Editing and Publication in Cybertesis
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Date:
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For the editing and publication of the thesis, UPC has selected the Cybertesis methodology, an
operating platform that allows for online access to the complete text of the electronic thesis, using
international standards on digital publication and technologies that facilitate the consultation and
exchange of information.
The theses are reviewed by a proofreader, appointed by the General Education Area.
All students who defend a thesis must edit their works using the Cybertesis methodology. Doing
so is a requirement in order to obtain the degree or professional title.
6.3
Thesis Project
The interested party shall inform the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office
of the topic of the thesis or professional project while taking the course established for such
purpose.
Thesis or professional project topics will not be approved when they deal with matters that
have already been registered with the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the
Registrar's Office, or, as applicable, defended in the twelve months prior to the submission
thereof, except with the favorable report of the respective Dean.
The student shall submit to the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office
three copies of a thesis project containing the following information:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Title
Introduction
Grounds
Objectives or hypotheses
Methodology
i. Study design
ii. Population, sample, and sampling
iii. Study variables
iv. Data gathering procedures
v. Ethical aspects
vi. Data analysis plan
f. Timeline
g. Budget
h. Limitations
i. Bibliographic references
j. Annexes:
i. Data gathering instruments
ii. Informed consent/authorization or informational sheet (as applicable)
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
Endorsement
Endorsement
10/18/2013
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The plan shall be endorsed by the respective Advisor. In those cases in which the study population
includes humans or animals, the project must be approved by the UPC Research Ethics Committee
of the School of Health Sciences.
Then, with the endorsement of the Program Director, the Plan is registered with the Registrar's
Office.
The graduate may only register one thesis project at a time.
Any changes to the plan shall only be admitted with the approval of the Advisor. The plan may be
changed one time only.
When submitting the thesis project, it should be indicated whether it refers to an individual or group
project. In the latter case, the maximum number of group members is three. Group works shall be
defended on an individual basis.
6.4
Development and Validity of the Thesis Project
Once the project is approved, it shall be carried out in accordance with the included timeline, which
shall not exceed one year. If this time will be exceeded, the graduate must request--prior to the
expiration thereof, and with the favorable opinion of his/her Advisor--an extension of the term for
up to six (6) more months. If the request is not approved or the new term expires, the plan is
revoked.
Graduates who wish to once again attempt to obtain their academic degree or professional title
under this same modality shall submit a new project, subject to the same standards.
7.
SUBMISSION PROCESS FOR RESEARCH WORK IN THE FORM OF A SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE IN
AN INDEXED JOURNAL
7.1
Definitions
When choosing this modality, graduates shall submit the results of their research work in the form
of an original scientific article, in accordance with the requirements of a journal indexed in the
Scopus database or Science Citation Index, attaching evidence, as a minimum, of the submission
thereof to the selected journal, or else the acceptance or publication thereof. In the article, the
graduates must appear as the first authors and affiliated solely to Universidad Peruana de
Ciencias Aplicadas.
7.2
Publication in the UPC Institutional Repository
Students defending their paper under this modality, shall submit--in the event that the
article has already been published in an indexed journal--the complete version or its precise
reference, depending on the authorizations obtained from the journal's publishers, for the
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Date:
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due inclusion thereof in the UPC Institutional Repository. In the event that the article has
not yet been published, the student and his/her advisor shall provide information on the
occasion and form in which the article will be included in the Institutional Repository.
7.3
Research Project
This is process is similar to that performed for the submission of the thesis project.
The interested party shall inform the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office
of the research project while taking the course established for such purpose.
Research topics will not be approved when they deal with matters that have already been
registered with the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office, or, as
applicable, defended in the twelve months prior to the submission thereof, except with the favorable
report of the respective Dean.
The student shall submit to the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office
three copies of a research project containing the following information:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Professional title
Introduction
Grounds
Objectives or hypotheses
Methodology
i. Study design
ii. Population, sample, and sampling
iii. Study variables
iv. Data gathering procedures
v. Ethical aspects
vi. Data analysis plan
f. Timeline
g. Budget
h. Limitations
i. Bibliographic references
j. Annexes:
i. Data gathering instruments
ii. Informed consent/authorization or informational sheet (as applicable)
The research project shall be endorsed by the respective Advisor. In those cases in which the
study population includes humans, the project must be approved by the UPC Research Ethics
Committee of the School of Health Sciences.
Then, with the endorsement of the Program Director, the project is registered with the Registrar's
Office.
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
Endorsement
Endorsement
10/18/2013
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The graduate may only register one research project at a time.
Any changes to the project shall only be admitted with the approval of the Advisor. The project
may be changed one time only.
When submitting the research project, it should be indicated whether it refers to an individual or
group project. In the latter case, the maximum number of group members is three. In all cases,
the student submitting the project to obtain his/her degree shall be given as the main
author, affiliated solely with UPC.
7.4
Development and Validity of the Research Project
Once the project is approved, it shall be carried out in accordance with the included timeline, which
shall not exceed one year. If this time will be exceeded, the graduate must request--prior to the
expiration thereof, and with the favorable opinion of his/her Advisor--an extension of the term for
up to six (6) or twelve (12) more months, based above all on the expectation of publication in an
indexed scientific journal.If the request is not approved or the new term expires, the project is
revoked.
Graduates who wish to once again attempt to obtain their academic degree or professional title
under this same modality shall submit a new project, subject to the same standards.
8.
PROFESSIONAL PROJECT SUBMISSION PROCESS
8.1
Definitions
When choosing this modality, the graduate submits a professional project, which is an applied work
on topics pertaining to the profession. This may be a specialized project or a comprehensive
project. It may also be multidisciplinary.
8.2
Editing and Publication in Cybertesis
For the editing and publication of professional projects, UPC has selected the Cybertesis
methodology, an operating platform that allows for online access to the complete text of electronic
professional projects, using international standards on digital publication and technologies that
facilitate the consultation and exchange of information.
The professional projects are reviewed by a proofreader, appointed by the General Education
Area.
All students who defend a professional project must edit their works using the Cybertesis
methodology. Doing so is a requirement in order to obtain the degree or professional title.
8.3
Professional Project Plan
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The interested party shall inform the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office
of the topic of the professional project while taking the course established for such purpose.
Professional project topics will not be approved when they deal with matters that have already
been registered with the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office, or, as
applicable, defended in the twelve months prior to the submission thereof, except with the favorable
report of the respective Dean.
The student shall submit to the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office a
thesis or professional project plan containing the following information:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Topic and title
State of purpose
Objectives
Achievement indicators for the objectives
Description of content
Activity plan and timeline
Initial bibliography
The plan shall be endorsed by the respective Advisor. In those cases in which the study population
includes humans or animals, the project must be approved by the UPC Research Ethics Committee
of the School of Health Sciences.
The plan is then registered with the Degrees and Professional Titles Office of the Registrar's Office.
The graduate may only register one plan at a time.
Any changes to the plan shall only be admitted with the approval of the Advisor. The plan may be
changed one time only.
When submitting the plan, it should be indicated whether it refers to an individual or group project.
In the latter case, the maximum number of group members is three. Group works shall be defended
on an individual basis.
8.4
7.4 Development and Validity of the Professional Project
Once the plan is approved, it shall be carried out in accordance with the included timeline, which
shall not exceed one year. If this time will be exceeded, the graduate must request--prior to the
expiration thereof, and with the favorable opinion of his/her Advisor--an extension of the term for
up to six (6) more months. If the request is not approved or the new term expires, the plan is
revoked.
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
Endorsement
Endorsement
10/18/2013
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Graduates who wish to once again attempt to obtain their Professional Title under this same
modality shall submit a new plan, subject to the same standards.
9.
FINAL PROVISIONS
On an exceptional basis, the Dean may delegate to the Program Director the performance of the
responsibilities under his competence in accordance with these Policies and Procedures.
The Dean may rule on those situations not provided for in these Policies and Procedures, in consultation
with the Office of the Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs.
These Policies and Procedures are interpreted pursuant to, and amended by resolution of the Office
of the Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs, at the request of the Dean.
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
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ANNEX 1
PARTS OF THE THESIS
According to the forms proposed by Cybertesis standards, those theses that will be published on the Cybertesis
website are divided into four parts, as detailed herein below.
1. COVER PAGE
This is the cover, and must contain the following information: logo and name of the university, name of
the School and the Major, title of the thesis or professional project, degree or title to be obtained,
Advisor's name, and place and date of submission.
2. PRELIMINARY SECTION
Dedication*: Optional page in which the author(s) may mention one or more persons to whom they wish
to dedicate their thesis or professional project.
Acknowledgments*: Optional page in which the author(s) may mention the persons or institutions that
contributed to or supported the performance of their work.
Summary: Must contain the following structure: introduction, objectives, materials and methods, results
and conclusions. The summary shall not be more than one page in length.
Grade: This part is optional, and consists of the inclusion of the digital version of the grading certificate
after the cover page.
Table of contents: Created using the Word program at the end of the markup process.
Index of figures and tables: Created using the Cybertesis template, at the end of the markup process.
3. BODY OF THE THESIS
Chapters: The chapters are the sections into which the author has decided to divide the paper. When
working in Cybertesis, NO MORE than seven (7) levels of sub-chapters can be used. For example, a
sub-chapter numbered 3.2.1 is a third-level sub-chapter.
Introduction: Provides background information on what is already known, what is not yet known, and
why the research paper was carried out. Subsections include the theoretical framework, the grounds,
and the objectives of the study. The summary shall not be more than six pages in length.
Materials and Methods: Describes the methodology used, in such a way as to allow for the
reproduction of the study and the assessment of the research quality. This part may be organized into
the following sections, as appropriate: study design, study area, study population, definitions,
procedures, ethical aspects, and data analysis. There may also be other sections, depending on the
characteristics of the research performed.
Results: This part describes the results in terms of the research objectives. The text should not include
a repetition of any information to be provided in figures or tables. The presentation of the study's
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Date:
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findings shall be clear, and free of opinions or interpretations. It shall specify the statistical proof used.
Discussion: This part shall include an interpretation of the results obtained, providing context on their
importance and applications, and avoid the summarization of the results. It is recommended that this
part be organized as follows: Interpretation of main results, comparison with similar studies,
interpretation of secondary results, comparison with similar studies, study limitations,
recommendations.
Conclusions: Only those conclusions obtained from the research work that are related to the study's
objectives.
4. BIBLIOGRAPHIES* AND ANNEXES
Bibliographic references: Bibliography: This is the list of all the information sources consulted for the
paper--books, journals, internet links, etc. Each source is presented with its respective bibliographic
reference. These references shall be provided using the Vancouver system.
Glossary: List of technical terms--presented in alphabetical order--used in the paper. This list includes
the meanings of these terms.
Annexes**: Documents–data collection instruments, maps, photographs, tables, and graphs not
relevant to the results–that supplement the body of the paper.
Supplementary Material**: Contains important information on the design and implementation of the research
that does not appear in the content of the chapters of the thesis. Example: a software application, an
installer, a program, informed consent forms, taxonomic identification of medicinal plants, etc.
Accompanying Material**: Special material that accompanies the research paper. This material may
be submitted in different formats: cassettes, diskettes, slides, plans, compact discs, etc. They shall be
submitted in appropriate recipients (envelopes, etc.).
* *According to the Cybertesis methodology, the final part of the paper shall be entitled BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND ANNEXES. This is merely the official name chosen by Cybertesis. The
correct name is actual BIBLIOGRAPHY.
** As applicable.
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Approved by:
Date:
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ANNEX 2
PARTS OF THE CERTIFYING DOCUMENTATION FOR RESEARCH RESULTING IN A SCIENTIFIC
ARTICLE
Graduates availing themselves of this modality shall submit their research paper in the following form:
1. COVER PAGE
This is the cover, and must contain the following information: logo and name of the university, name of the
School and the Major, author(s), title of the research paper, degree or title to be obtained, Advisor's name,
and place and date of submission.
2. PRELIMINARY SECTION
Dedication*: Optional page in which the author(s) may mention one or more persons to whom
they wish to dedicate their research project and the scientific article.
Acknowledgments*: Optional page in which the author(s) may mention the persons or institutions that
contributed to or supported the performance of their work.
Grade: This part is optional, and consists of the inclusion of the digital version of the grading certificate after
the cover page.
Table of Contents: Presentation of all the documents required to apply for the degree under this modality.
3. SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
The article shall meet the following requirements:

It must be an original article (full paper) resulting from the research project previously registered
with UPC's Registrar's Office. (Editorials, reviews, letters to the editor, short communications,
etc., are not considered articles).
 Meet all the requirements and formats required by the indexed journal selected.
 Clearly indicate, as the first author, the graduate applying for the respective title. If there are
several authors, the graduates (maximum of three) shall be given as the first authors.
 Evidence the exclusive affiliation of the main author (graduate) with UPC, indicating it only as
follows: "Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas," and including below the full name and
specification of the corresponding School or Professional School.
4. JOURNAL ACCREDITATION
For such effect, precise printed evidence of the Scimago Journal Rank (www.scimagojr.com) for
Scopus,
or
of
the
Science
Citation
Index
(http://ipscience.thomsonreuters.com/mjl/publist_sciex.pdf), shall be submitted, as proof that the selected
journal is currently and adequately indexed in one of these databases.
5. INDEPENDENT PEER REVIEW PROCESS
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Approved by:
Date:
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In the event that the article has already been published by an indexed journal, or has merely been
submitted or accepted for publication, graduates shall submit all documentation corresponding to
the versions of the article sent to the journal, the communications received, the
comments/objections of the reviewers/editors, and the responses given by the author.
6. PUBLICATION
If the article has already been published by an indexed journal, graduates shall submit a printed copy
and a digital version (PDF) thereof, clearly evidencing the complete text and references of the journal.
Graduates shall also present the communications from the journal's editors with their authorization
or non-authorization, whether broad or restrictive, for the dissemination of the article in UPC's
Institutional Repository. In the even that the article has not yet been published, the graduate shall
submit, as a minimum, proof that it has been sent to an indexed journal, as well as a formal
communication from the author (graduate) and his/her Advisor on the status of the publication
process and the date and form in which the article may be included in the Institutional Repository.
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
Endorsement
Endorsement
10/18/2013
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ANNEX 3
PARTS OF THE PROFESSIONAL PROJECT
According to the formats proposed by Cybertesis standards, those professional projects that will be published
on the Cybertesis website are divided into four parts, as detailed herein below.
1.
COVER PAGE
This is the cover, and must contain the following information: logo and name of the university, name of the
School and the Major, title of the thesis or professional project, degree or title to be obtained, Advisor's
name, and place and date of submission.
2.
PRELIMINARY SECTION
Dedication*: Optional page in which the author(s) may mention one or more persons to whom they wish to
dedicate their thesis or professional project.
Acknowledgments*: Optional page in which the author(s) may mention the persons or institutions that
contributed to or supported the performance of their work.
Summary: Includes the topic, the parts into which the content is divided, the main idea, and the final
conclusion. The summary shall not be more than one page in length.
Grade: This part is optional, and consists of the inclusion of the digital version of the grading certificate
after the cover page.
Table of contents: Created using the Word program at the end of the markup process.
Index of figures and tables: Created using the Cybertesis template, at the end of the markup process.
3.
BODY OF THE PROFESSIONAL PROJECT
Introduction: Used as an introduction to the paper as a whole. This will tell the reader what the author's
intentions are. In general, the components of an Introduction include the introduction of the topic and its
background, the establishment of the paper's main idea, the objectives, the nature of the information
sources, and finally, the scope and limitations of the paper.
Chapters: The chapters are the sections into which the author has decided to divide the paper. They form
the main part of the thesis or research paper. It is in the chapters that the author discusses, defends, and
presents the main ideas of the paper. When working in Cybertesis, NO MORE than seven (7) levels of subchapters can be used. For example, a sub-chapter numbered 3.2.1 is a third-level sub-chapter.
Conclusions: Conclusions are statements derived from others, i.e., based on and justified by the foregoing
statements. They are derived from all of the content that has been set forth in the chapters. Conclusions
are not summaries or syntheses, but new ideas inferred from the information set forth in the chapters. The
list of conclusions is the final stocktaking of the paper as a whole.
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4.
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BIBLIOGRAPHIES* AND ANNEXES
Bibliography: This is the list of all the information sources consulted for the paper--books, journals, internet
links, etc. Each source is presented with its respective bibliographic reference.
Glossary: List of technical terms –presented in alphabetical order– used in the paper. This list includes
the meanings of these terms.
Annexes**: Documents–texts, graphs, figures, maps, etc.– that supplement the body of the paper.
Supplementary Material **: Contains important information on the design and implementation of the
research that does not appear in the content of chapters of the thesis or professional project. Example: a
software program, installer, program, etc.
Accompanying Material**: Special material that accompanies the research paper. This material may be
submitted in different formats: cassettes, diskettes, slides, plans, compact discs, etc. They shall be
submitted in appropriate recipients (envelopes, etc.).
* *According to the Cybertesis methodology, the final part of the paper shall be entitled BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND ANNEXES. This is merely the official name
chosen by Cybertesis. The correct name is actual BIBLIOGRAPHY.
** As applicable.
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ANNEX 4
THESIS SUBMISSION STANDARDS
1.
Document Editing
See the Cybertesis Manual: Chapter II: Procedure for the Publication of Electronic Theses. Section 2.2.
2.
Sequence of the Sections











3.
Cover Page Content







4.
Cover page
Summary
Contents
Introduction
Materials and methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Bibliography
Glossary
Annexes
Name of the University
School and Major
Title and subtitle (if any) of the paper
Title or degree to be obtained
Author's name
Advisor's name
Place and date of submission
Bibliographic references
4.1. Complete Bibliographic References (those which will be included in the bibliography)
A bibliographic reference is the set of precise and detailed information that describes a source or
part thereof, and that allows for its identification. References shall contain the following information,
in this order: author's last name, first name; title and subtitle (if any); edition number (if it is not the
first edition); city; publisher; year of publication, in parentheses.
Example:
Title
Author
Revised by:
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Date:
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POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE
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CODE:
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MANRIQUE, N. El tiempo del miedo: la violencia política en el
Perú 1980-1996. Lima: Fondo Editorial del Congreso del Perú;
2002
Publisher
Year
City
1. Works Written by One Author
CUETO M. Culpa y coraje: historia de las políticas sobre el VIH/Sida
en el Perú. Lima: Consorcio de Investigación Económica y Social;
2001.
2. Works Written by More than One Author, Not in the First Edition
Indicate the last name and first name
of both authors and the edition
number. In the case of first editions,
the number is not mentioned.
ACHA P, SZYFRES B. Zoonosis y enfermedades transmisibles
comunes al hombre y los animales. 3rd ed. Washington, D.C.: PanAmerican Health Organization; 2003.
3. Works Written by an Institution
When the author is an institution, the
reference is no different than any
other.
PAN-AMERICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION (PAHO). La renovación
de la atención primaria de salud en las Américas. Washington, D.C.:
PAHO; 2007.
4. Works that Form Part of a Publication
Salomón Lerner's text is not available
as a book. Rather, it forms part of a
larger work, published by Giusti y
Tubino. As such, it should be indicated
that Lerner's text appears In a
publication that contains it, since it
cannot be found as an independent
text.
LERNER S. Introducción: Derechos humanos, la afirmación de una
cultura. In: Giusti M, Tubino F (eds.). Debates de la ética
contemporánea. Lima: PUCP; 2007. p. 177-83.
5. Works Written by More than Six Authors
When there are up to six authors, all of
them are mentioned. In this case, there
are moreby:
than six, for which reason the
Revised
indication "et al" is added.
Endorsement
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SIMINI F, SCHWARCZ R, DIAZ A, LÓPEZ R, BELITZKY R, TENZER
SM, ET AL. Sistema informático perinatal: manual de uso de
programas. Montevideo: CLAP; 1989.
6. Thesis
It should be noted when a work is a
thesis paper, including the degree or
title for which it was submitted, which
helps indicate the degree of
specialization of the work
PESCE H. La epidemiología de la lepra en el Perú. [Doctoral Thesis
in Medicine]. Lima: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos;
1961.
7. Periodical Publications (journals/magazines)
The reference shall include the
abbreviated name of the journal, year
followed by a semicolon, volume,
number in parentheses, followed by a
colon with the page numbers.
YAGUI M, ESPINOZA M, CABALLERO P, CASTILLA T, GARRO G,
YAMAGUCHI LP, ET AL. Avances y retos en la construcción del
sistema nacional de investigación en salud en el Perú. Rev Peru Med
Exp Salud Pública. 2010; 27(3):387-97.
8. Reference to an Electronic Journal
Change the form for inclusion of the
page numbers for the respective
identifying information as an electronic
article. In this case, it is e19318.
CANCHIHUAMAN F, GARCIA PJ, GLOYD SS, HOLMES KK. An
interactive Internet-based continuing education course on sexually
transmitted diseases for physicians and midwives in Peru. PLoS One.
2011; 6(5):e19318.
9. Reference to an Article Not Yet Published Online
Include the citation of the journal, year,
and online publication date, followed
by the text "[Epub ahead of print]."
LORET DE MOLA C, STANOJEVIC S, RUIZ P, GILMAN RH,
SMEETH L, MIRANDA JJ. The effect of rural-to-urban migration on
social capital and common mental disorders: PERU MIGRANT study.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2011. Jun12 [Epub ahead of
print].
10. Reference to an Internet Link
 The first example is a reference to
the website, not a particular text. For
this reason, no title can be given.
Instead,
a brief description should be
Revised
by:
Approved by:
Date:
given of what can be found on the
site.
10/18/2013
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Endorsement
 Examples 2 and 3, on the other
Reproduction
hand, do involve a specific
text with prohibited unless authorized by the Academic Quality Assurance Director
a specific author.
 Always include the email address.
 The RETRIEVAL DATE should be
specific: month, day, and year.
 When the link does not indicate any
date, give the year in which it was
TITLE:
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UNITED NATIONS (UN) (2003) [website] Official website of the UN;
contains information on the institution and links of interest. [Retrieved:
February 2, 2003] Geneva: UN; 2003. Available at:
http://www.un.org/spanish/
REVISTA PERUANA DE MEDICINA EXPERIMENTAL Y SALUD
PÚBLICA [website]. Instrucciones para los autores. Lima: Instituto
Nacional de Salud; 2010. [Retrieved: April 10, 2011] Available at:
www.ins.gob.pe/rpmesp/documentos.asp
TOCHE E [Internet document]. La violencia peruana: elementos para
su compresión. Lima: DESCO; 2007. [Retrieved: January 7, 2007]
Available at:
http://www.desco.org.pe/articulos/toched.doc
11. Reference to a Map or Plan
In this case, the reference is not to an
entire book, but just a plan.
PERU, Instituto Geográfico Nacional. National Map of Peru. Scale 1:
1´000,000 Lima: IGN; 2010.
12. Reference to a Video or Film
Sometimes, the author given is an
institution, while other times it is the
director or producer. In the examples,
the first case is a video, while the
second is a film.
PELÍCULAS MEL. No te estás comunicando. Mexico City: Películas
Mel. 30 min.
KUROSAWA A (director). Rashomon. Tokyo: Daiei; 1950. 88 min.
15. Reference to a Conference
In the example, the conference has not
been published. In the event that it has
been published, the reference should
be identical to those corresponding to
a part of a book (minutes of the
conference).
ESPINOSA O. Recuento de la violencia política actual en el territorio
ashaninka. Conference given on October 4 at the IEP. Lima: IEP;
1993.
16. Reference to a Law
The author is a state entity. As such,
the reference should indicate the
Revised
country by:
and the institution that
authored the law.
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PERU, Congreso de la República. Decreto Ley 882: ley marco de la
inversión en educación. Lima: Congreso de la República; 1998.
4.2. Abbreviated Bibliographic References (those used in quotes and footnotes)
In addition to referring to a source by providing a complete reference, with all identifying information,
the Functional System also uses abbreviated references. This second type of reference has a
different use, which it is important to compare to complete references:
References in the Functional System
Complete References
Where are
they given?
What
Abbreviated References

At the end of the document.

Within the document itself.

In the bibliography used in the

In the footnotes and quotes
drafting of a document.

information
do they
contain?
All the information necessary
contained in the document.

to identify, with 100%
and a specific page number (if
accuracy, a given reference
the source has page
source, as shown
numbers) that indicate a
hereinabove.
specific part of the source.


What are
they used
for?
To refer to a specific part of a
source of information.
To identify a source with total
precision.

Author, year of publication,

Can only be understood when
No additional information is
appearing in documents that
necessary for it to be
have a bibliography with
understood.
complete references at the
end.
What are abbreviated references constructed?
In general, the abbreviated reference to a source must contain three basic pieces of information:
IMPORTANT
Author's last name + year of publication + page number(s)
Abbreviated references are used to
refer--it
bears repeating--a specific
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
part of a source, and not the entire
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source. This is the reason for which
the page number(s) are included:
to prohibited unless authorized by the Academic Quality Assurance Director
Reproduction
indicate which specific part of the
source to which the reference is made.
An abbreviated reference can only be
understood if a bibliography is
included at the end of the document
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There are a few details that must be borne in mind:
 The author's last name should be written with upper- and lower-case
letters, not just UPPER CASE, as in the complete reference. For
example, it should be Sánchez and not SÁNCHEZ.
 If the author is an institution, the abbreviated reference shall
preferably use only the institution's acronym. For example, UPC
instead of Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas.
 If the information source is electronic and the document does not
have page numbers, then only the author and the year should be
given. For example, UN 2003.
 If the information source is electronic and has page numbers, then
the page number in reference should be given.
Below, we will see some examples of how to provide the abbreviated
reference to sources based on their complete references.
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COMMENTS:
 In the first example, the
abbreviated reference contains
both of the author's last names,
since this is how it is given in the
complete reference.
 In the second example, both
authors are given, just like in the
complete reference. Reference is
also made to three consecutive
pages, from 12 to 14.
 In the third example, the author's
name is written in UPPER-CASE
LETTERS because it is an
institution's acronym. No page
number is given, because the
source is electronic and has no
page numbering.
 In the fourth example, although the
complete reference indicates "In,"
this is not necessary in the
abbreviated reference in this case.
Reference is also made to two
pages, 251 and 252.
5.
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Complete
Reference
PORTOCARRERO G. Racismo y mestizaje. Lima:
Fondo editorial del Congreso de la República; 2007.
Abbreviated
Reference
Portocarrero 2007: 46
PÉREZ J, ZAPATA M. Entrevista a Mario Vargas Llosa
Complete
sobre el Premio Nóbel de Literatura. Lima: UPC; 1997.
Reference
Abbreviated
Pérez and Zapata 1997: 12-14
Reference
UNITED NATIONS (UN) [website] Official website of the
Complete UN; contains information on the institution and links of
Reference interest. [Retrieved: February 2, 2003] Geneva: UN;
2003. Available at: http://www.un.org/spanish/
Abbreviated
Reference
UN 2003
Complete
Reference
ZAPATA A. La corrupción bajo el fujimorismo. In:
Portocarrero, Felipe (ed.). El pacto infame: estudios
sobre la corrupción en el Perú. Lima: PUCP, IEP,
Universidad del Pacífico; 2005. p. 247-86.
Abbreviated
Reference
Zapata 2005: 251,252.
Quotes and Footnotes
Quotes are literal reproductions of the content of an information source. Every time a quote is used, the
quoted text must be placed in quotation marks, and the abbreviated reference to the quoted information
source is provided, in parentheses, at the end of the quote.
Footnotes have multiple uses: to make comments, explain ideas, suggest additional bibliography on the
topic, etc. One of the most frequent uses is to refer to a source that, while not quoted, has been used to
draft some part of the text. When this occurs, a note (number) is placed next to the text in question, and
this number refers us to the footnote, which uses the abbreviation Cf. (see, compare with), followed
immediately afterwards by the respective abbreviated reference.
All footnotes in the thesis must use sequential numbers, beginning with the first footnote in the first
chapter--or in the introduction, where applicable--and continuing with the numbering in the following
chapters.
Example of text with quotes and footnotes.
INTRODUCTION
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The most common cause of acute surgical abdomen is acute appendicitis(1), defined as an acute inflammation
of the appendix, generally caused by an obstruction thereof that entails an inflammation and subsequent
infection.(2) Given that this is a purely surgical pathology, an appendectomy is performed, since any delay in
operation may result in the perforation of the appendix and peritonitis, which, if not treated in time, may cause
the death of the patient.(3) For this reason, it is possible that in response to a clinical picture with acute abdominal
pain in the right illiac fossa, a surgical intervention may be performed. However, there are occasions when, due
to a diagnostic mistake, an appendix is removed with normal pathological findings, classified as a negative
appendectomy.
Traditionally, the negative appendectomy rate (NAR) is said to range from 6-15%(4), which is considered
acceptable. In developed countries, the NAR has decreased in recent years, a result attributable to different
factors such as the use of protocols and better diagnostic tools, most notably the computerized axial tomography
(CAT). In Texas, USA, the NAR dropped from 17% in 2000 to 2% in 2002(5), while in Boston, USA, the NAR fell
from 23% in 1990 to 1.7% in 2007.(6) In both cases, this change was attributed to the increased use of CAT
scans in the diagnosis of appendicitis. As with this diagnostic method, the use of a protocol has proven effective
in the reduction of the NAR, as demonstrated by Reymond (Switzerland), which used a protocol based on
clinical and laboratory findings, successfully decreasing the NAR by 9% in a single year.(7) In addition to the
aforementioned methods, the use of a score system has also been useful in decreasing the NAR.(8)
In Peru, different studies have been conducted on appendicitisa, where the NAR percentage is one of the
findings but not the primary focus of the study, for which reason no evaluation is made on the associated factors
nor the trend of the NAR. A Bachelor's thesis project performed in a public hospital run by EsSalud in Lima,
Peru in 1999 found a NAR of 6.7%.(9) On the other hand, a thesis project performed in a hospital in El Callao,
Peru in 2007 found a NAR of 15%.(10) As such, it may be inferred based on these studies that the NAR may
vary among hospitals and has not necessarily decreased over the years. Unlike the foreign literature, there is
no information in Peru on the relationship between the use of CAT scans and NAR, due to the fact that the use
of this tool is uncommon in cases of suspected appendicitis.
The factors associated with a negative appendectomy are still not clearly defined, although some authors
mention the influence of youth, the female gender, and the absence of abscess and peritonitis.(11) There is not
yet any description in the literature of clinical and laboratory findings as a direct influence on a NAR. However,
descriptions have been offered of the consequences of such findings as extra expenses and complications, for
which reason it is important to reduce their incidence in order to prevent such negative outcomes.
Among the consequences of negative appendectomy, mention is made of postoperative complications, as well
as re-operations or extra expenses on the part of the hospital. One study conducted in the Netherlands found
that such costs total 2,712 Euros per patient operated with negative results.(12)
a A search was performed in the main Peruvian medical journals, as well as the theses submitted to schools of medicine in Lima's
universities.
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BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES:
1. Vasquez M. Abdomen quirúrgico. Rev Fac Med Hum URP. 1999; 1(1):29-33.
2. Jarry J, Shekher M, Imperato M, Michel P. Appendicitis: when there is more than meets the eye. Clin
Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. July 13, 2011, [Epub ahead of print]
3. Collson M, Skinner K, Dunnington G. High negative appendicectomy rates are no longer acceptable.
Am J Surg. 1997; 174(6):723-7.
4. Stehr W. Manual de cirugía de Mont Reid. 6th edition. Barcelona: Editorial Elsevier; 2010.
5. Jones K, Peña AA, Dunn EL, Nadalo L, Mangram AJ. Are negative appendectomies still acceptable?
Am J Surg. 2004; 188(6):748-54.
6. Raja AS, Wright C, Sodickson AD, Zane RD, Schiff GD, Hanson R, et al. Negative appendectomy
rate in the era of CT: an 18-year perspective. Radiology. 2010; 256(2):460-5.
7. Reymond MA, Merlini M, Tschantz P, Groebli Y. [How to reduce the number of negative
appendectomies? A prospective two-center study of 120 patients]. Helv Chir Acta. 1994; 60(4):647-51.
[article in French]
8. Christian F. A simple scoring system to reduce the negative appendicectomy rate. Ann R Coll Surg
Engl. 1992; 74(4):281-5.
9. De Barrenechea G. Apendicitis aguda en el policlínico Angamos. [Bachelor's thesis]. Lima: School of
Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; 2000.
10. Sánchez L. Valor diagnóstico del score de Alvarado en apendicitis aguda en el Hospital Nacional Daniel
Alcides Carrión – Callao. [Bachelor's thesis]. Lima: School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de
San Marcos; 2007.
11. Guller U, Rosella L, McCall J, Brügger LE, Candinas D. Negative appendicectomy and perforation
rates in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for suspected appendicitis. Br J Surg. 2011;
98(4):589-95.
12. Bijnen Cl, van den Broek WT, Bijnen AB, de Ruiter P, Gouma DJ. Implications of removing a normal
appendix. Dig Surg. 2003; 20(3):215-9.
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ANNEX 5
EXAMPLE COVER PAGE
SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES
MEDICINE MAJOR
Asociación entre bajo peso al nacer y obesidad en la adolescencia: un estudio de cohortes
THESIS
Applying for the professional title of:
PHYSICIAN-SURGEON
AUTHOR
XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XXXXXXX
THESIS ADVISOR: XXXXXX
Lima, Peru
2012
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CODE:
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ANNEX 6
Abbreviations
These are used in the text, only for certain words, as well as in the descriptive information on the sources used,
footnotes, and in formulas and symbols. It should be borne in mind, as well, that each specific topic has its own
abbreviations.
A, AA
abbr.
anon.
append.
Sec.
art. cit.
bibliog.
biog.
Chap.
cf., cfr.
cit.
Col.
coll.
comp.
concl.
corr.
Tab.
def.
draw.
doc.
doc. cit.
Ed.
ed.
e.g.
etc.
etym.
exp.
fig., figs.
f.
pamph.
gr.
sh., sht
ibid.
id.
i.e.
pr.
author, authors
abbreviation
anonymous
appendix
section (as in laws and the like)
article cited
bibliography
biography
chapter
see, compare with
cited
column
collection
compiler
conclusion
corrected
table
definition
drawing
document
document cited
edition
editor, edition
for example
etcetera
etymology
expression
figures
folio, plural ff.
pamphlet
graphs
sheet, sheets
ibidem: in the same place, in the same work and on the same page; if it is in
the same work, but not on the same page, "op. cit." is used, followed by the
page number.
idem: the same.
id est, or "in other words"
printed
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SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES
intro.
bk., bks.
loc.
loc. cit
n.
N.B.
A.N.
E.N.
T.N.
Neol.
No.
op.
op. cit.
p.; pp.
w.
passim
para.
pref.
prol.
publ. cit.
pt.
mag.
n.y.
s.d.
sec.
pseud.
sic.
n.d.
seq. or ff
n.pr.
n.p.
n.p.o.y.
n.n.
n.no.
sup.
T.
tab.
typ.
tit.
trans.
Us.
fin.
CODE:
VERSION
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introduction
book, books
locution
loco citato, locution cited, place cited
note
nota bene, pay attention
author's note
editor's note
translator's note
neologism
number
work
work previously cited by the same author
page or pages
word
here and there, everywhere (when not referring to a specific
page number, in the case of a concept addressed by the
author throughout the entire work).
paragraph
preface
prologue
publication cited
part
magazine
no year
sine data, when neither the year nor the place of publication are indicated
section
pseudonym, when the attribution to an author is arguable,
pseudo. is used e.o.o.e. error or omission excepted
Thus, thus written by the author being quoted
no date
following
no printing information
no place of publication
no place or year
no name
no number
supplement
tome
table
typography or typographic
title
translation or translator
use or used
final
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
Endorsement
Endorsement
10/18/2013
Reproduction prohibited unless authorized by the Academic Quality Assurance Director
TITLE:
DEGREE AND PROFESSIONAL TITLE
POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE
SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES
us. a. a.
s.
a.s.
v.g.
Viz.
vol., vols.
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use also as
see
also see
verbi gratia
videlicet, meaning "this is"
Volume, volumes (vol. means a given volume in a multivolume work; while vols. refers to the number of volumes of
which this work consists).
versus, as compared to
continuation of the text of a quote that does not need to be
transcribed in its entirety
vs.
(---)
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
10/18/2013
Ana Cecilia Mac Lean
José Pereyra
Gonzalo Galdos
UPC Secretary General
Vice-Rector for
Rector
Academic Affairs
Revised by:
Approved by:
Date:
Endorsement
Endorsement
10/18/2013
Reproduction prohibited unless authorized by the Academic Quality Assurance Director