Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: A0064/Statistik Ekonomi
: 2005
: <<versi/revisi>>
Pertemuan 1
Pendahuluan-1
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Menjelaskan pengertian serta konsepkonsep dasar statistik seperti data, skala
pengukuran, sampel dan populasi
2
Pendahuluan-1
• Macam Data dan Skala Pengukuran
• Sampel dan Populasi
3
COMPLETE
BUSINESS STATISTICS
1










1-4
5th edi tion
Introduction and Descriptive Statistics
Using Statistics
Percentiles and Quartiles
Measures of Central Tendency
Measures of Variability
Grouped Data and the Histogram
Skewness and Kurtosis
Relations between the Mean and Standard Deviation
Methods of Displaying Data
Exploratory Data Analysis
Using the Computer
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Aczel/Sounderpandian
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
COMPLETE
5th edi tion
1-5
BUSINESS STATISTICS
1-1. Using Statistics (Two Categories)

Descriptive Statistics





Inferential Statistics
 Predict and forecast
values of population
parameters
 Test hypotheses about
values of population
parameters
 Make decisions
Collect
Organize
Summarize
Display
Analyze
McGraw-Hill/Irwin

Aczel/Sounderpandian
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
COMPLETE
5th edi tion
1-6
BUSINESS STATISTICS
Types of Data - Two Types

Qualitative Categorical or
Nominal: Examples
are Color
 Gender
 Nationality
McGraw-Hill/Irwin

Quantitative Measurable or
Countable: Examples
are Temperatures
 Salaries
 Number of points scored
on a 100 point exam
Aczel/Sounderpandian
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
COMPLETE
BUSINESS STATISTICS
5th edi tion
1-7
Scales of Measurement
• Nominal Scale - groups or classes
Gender
• Ordinal Scale - order matters
Ranks
• Interval Scale - difference or distance
matters – has arbitrary zero value.
Temperatures
• Ratio Scale - Ratio matters – has a
natural zero value.
Salaries
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Aczel/Sounderpandian
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
COMPLETE
BUSINESS STATISTICS
5th edi tion
1-8
Samples and Populations



A population consists of the set of all
measurements for which the investigator
is interested.
A sample is a subset of the measurements
selected from the population.
A census is a complete enumeration of
every item in a population.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Aczel/Sounderpandian
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
COMPLETE
BUSINESS STATISTICS
5th edi tion
1-9
Simple Random Sample



Sampling from the population is often
done randomly, such that every possible
sample of equal size (n) will have an
equal chance of being selected.
A sample selected in this way is called a
simple random sample or just a random
sample.
A random sample allows chance to
determine its elements.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Aczel/Sounderpandian
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
COMPLETE
5th edi tion
1-10
BUSINESS STATISTICS
Samples and Populations
Population (N)
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Aczel/Sounderpandian
Sample (n)
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
COMPLETE
BUSINESS STATISTICS
1-11
5th edi tion
Why Sample?

Census of a
population may
be:
Impossible
Impractical
Too costly
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Aczel/Sounderpandian
© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2002
Penutup
• Pembahasan materi dilanjutkan dengan
Materi Pokok 2 (Pendahuluan-2)
12