Brandeis University
Maurice and Marilyn Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies
Millennial Children of Intermarriage:
Touchpoints and Trajectories of Jewish Engagement
Technical Appendices
Theodore Sasson
Leonard Saxe
Fern Chertok
Michelle Shain
Shahar Hecht
Graham Wright
October 2015
Table of Contents
Appendix A: Methodology ............................................................................................................................ 1
Appendix B: Identifying Children of Intermarriage and Children of Inmarriage .......................................... 8
Appendix C: Analysis Paradigm ................................................................................................................... 11
Appendix D: Tables ..................................................................................................................................... 14
Appendix E: Survey Instrument .................................................................................................................. 31
Appendix F: Interview Protocol................................................................................................................... 92
1
Appendix A: Methodology
This appendix describes the methodology and data collection procedures underlying the results of
Children of Intermarriage: Touchpoints and Trajectories.
Sampling
The sample frame for this study is comprised of eligible applicants to Birthright Israel between summer
2009 and winter 2013-14, including both those who went on the trip (hereafter, “participants”) and
those who applied but did not go (hereafter, “nonparticipants”). For individuals who applied to
Birthright Israel multiple times during this period, only the most recent eligible application was
considered. During this period, 189,129 individuals applied to Birthright Israel: 131,959 were
participants and 57,170 were nonparticipants.
The frame was stratified by Birthright Israel participation status and (estimated) parental marriage type
(children of intermarriage vs. children of inmarriage). Parental marriage type was computed using data
collected during Birthright Israel registration. Eight thousand nine hundred and twenty-one individuals
were missing one or more of the variables required to compute parental marriage type and 1,554
individuals had a parental marriage type which could not be classified into either intermarriage or
inmarriage. These two groups were both excluded from the sampling frame, leaving a frame of 178,654,
which was divided into four strata.
The classification of individuals as either children of inmarriage or children of intermarriage on the basis
of data collected during Birthright Israel registration was done purely for sampling purposes. This
classification was necessary in order to facilitate an oversample of individuals who were more likely to
be children of intermarriage. All analyses in the published report that divide respondents into children
of intermarriage or children of inmarriage do so on the basis of data collected in the survey itself (the
manner by which this was done is discussed in Appendix B). It is likely that the 5.5 percent of Birthright
Israel applicants (N=10,475) who were excluded from the sample frame because their parental marriage
type could not be determined from registration data would have been disproportionately categorized as
children of intermarriage had they completed the survey.
Three separate and mutually exclusive stratified random samples were drawn from this frame. The first
sample of 240 individuals was used for a pilot study to test the instrument and contact procedures and
provide estimates of potential response rates. Responses to the pilot study were not used in any
reported analyses.
The second sample of 12,200 was contacted only by email. The third sample of 606 individuals was
contacted by both email and telephone, but only completed the survey online (see below for details of
survey administration). Respondents to both of these samples were considered together in reported
analyses. The higher response rate for the calling sample allowed for an in-depth analysis of potential
nonresponse bias in the larger email-only sample (see below).
2
All three samples were stratified to oversample children of intermarriage and nonparticipants, to ensure
that sufficient numbers of both groups would respond to the survey. The precise number of individuals
sampled from each strata was determined by a series of calculations that considered the target achieved
sample size in each strata, estimated response rate for that strata and CMJS’ calling capacity. Table 1
below shows the number of individuals sampled in each strata and the total number of individuals in
each strata.
Table 1. Sample by Strata
Strata
Participants- Children of Intermarriage
Participants- Children of Inmarriage
Nonparticipants - Children of Intermarriage
Nonparticipants -Children of Inmarriage
Total
Pilot
Study
50
50
70
70
240
Main Study
Population
Email-only Calling
Sample
Sample
2,000
132
31,987
2,500
128
93,161
3,500
174
17,251
4,200
172
36,255
12,200
606
178,684
Survey Administration
Both surveys were conducted online, using web instruments created in LimeSurvey. The initial email
invitations and phone numbers used to contact respondents were collected as part of the Birthright
Israel registration process. Although members of the calling sample were contacted over the phone,
callers did not actually administer the survey to respondents. In all cases respondents completed the
survey independently, online. The median time for survey completion was around 13 minutes.
All respondents were informed that upon completion of the full survey they would receive a $20
Amazon.com gift certificate. Upon completion of the survey respondents were asked to provide an
email address to which the gift code could be sent. Respondents were given the opportunity to opt-out
of receiving a gift card; 10 respondents did so.
Contact procedures - Email-only Sample
The initial email invitation was sent to all 12,200 members of the email only sample on January 21, 2015.
Follow-up email reminders were sent on January 29, February 5, and February 12.
Contact procedures - Calling Sample
The initial email invitation was sent to all 606 members of the calling sample on January 21, 2015.
Follow-up email reminders were sent on January 28 and February 2. On February 4, callers began to
contact sample members who had not yet completed the survey. Calling was conducted by experienced
callers, primarily Brandeis University students. Callers received special training on interacting with
respondents and using CMJS’ survey management system. All individuals in this sample were called once
and were encouraged by callers to complete the survey. Callers left voice messages if they could not
3
reach individuals directly. All individuals were sent an email with a link to the survey following the phone
call. Calling operations concluded on February 8. After calling operations were completed, a final email
reminder was sent to all population members who had not yet completed the survey on February 12.
The survey was closed for both samples on February 17, 2015.
Dispositions and Response Rates
During the course of the study 14 individuals who completed the survey were found to be ineligible for
the study by virtue of their responses: 13 of these individuals were from the email-only sample and one
was from the calling sample. These 14 individuals were omitted from all analyses and their respective
samples, leaving only 12,187 eligible individuals in the email-only sample and 605 individuals in the
calling sample. The tables below report final dispositions and response rates by strata, separately for
each sample. Individuals who had at least completed the family background section of the survey were
considered “partials” if they did not complete the remainder of the survey. Individuals who dropped out
of the survey prior to the family background section were considered “break-offs.”
Table 2. Email-only sample
Participants
Children of
Intermarriage
Complete
Partial
Break-off
Refusal
Not Complete
Total Eligible
Sample
AAPOR Response
Rate 2
Participants
Children of
Inmarriage
Nonparticipants
Children of
Intermarriage
Nonparticipants
Children of
Inmarriage
Total
519
9
30
82
1,359
1,999
602
16
32
86
1,764
2,500
693
18
64
120
2,599
3,494
759
38
64
161
3,172
4,194
2,573
81
190
449
8,894
12,187
26.4%
24.7%
20.3%
19.0%
21.8%
4
Table 3. Calling sample
Participants
Children of
Intermarriage
Complete
Partial
Break-off
Refusal
Not Complete
Total Eligible
Sample
AAPOR Response
Rate 2
Participants
Children of
Inmarriage
Nonparticipants
Children of
Intermarriage
Nonparticipants
Children of
Inmarriage
Total
48
1
6
5
72
132
53
0
1
6
68
128
44
2
2
7
119
174
47
1
3
8
112
171
192
4
12
26
371
605
37.1%
41.4%
26.4%
28.1%
32%
Nonresponse Analysis
Because substantial demographic data from the Birthright Israel registration system exists for all sample
members (including nonrespondents), the level of nonresponse bias with respect to these variables can
be determined exactly. Because the stratification schemes for the email and calling samples were
slightly different the two samples cannot be directly compared to one another. However, by comparing
respondents to nonrespondents in each sample separately, it can be determined whether the lower
response rate for the larger sample contributed to a significant increase in nonresponse bias on these
demographic items. A lower level of nonresponse bias on these demographic items would suggest a
lower likelihood of significant nonresponse bias with respect to the survey variables discussed in this
report.
Within each sample, respondents were compared to nonrespondents with respect to gender, age,
current Jewish denomination, and the Birthright Israel round the individual had applied to. Although
data on age, gender, and current Jewish denomination were collected in the survey instrument, the
values given in the Birthright Israel registration system (which might differ from those provided in the
survey for some respondents) were used for nonresponse analysis, since they existed for both
respondents and nonrespondents. Because the variables discussed are drawn from administrative data
available for the entire sample, reported values have no confidence intervals or sampling error, and it is
not appropriate to employ statistical tests to determine whether respondents and nonrespondents are
“significantly” different. The question is rather whether any differences that do exist are large enough to
substantively affect analyses.
5
Table 4: Non-Response Analysis: Calling Sample Results
NonRespondents
Respondents
Total Sample
% Female
55%
55%
55%
% Reform
% Conservative
% Orthodox
% Reconstructionist
% Just Jewish
% Other
% Sephardic
39%
12%
4%
1%
38%
4%
2%
37%
15%
4%
2%
33%
6%
4%
38%
13%
4%
1%
37%
4%
3%
% Round 20
% Round 21
% Round 22
% Round 23
% Round 24
% Round 25
% Round 26
% Round 27
% Round 28
% Round 29
12%
6%
14%
6%
11%
6%
15%
8%
14%
8%
4%
6%
5%
11%
14%
9%
17%
12%
12%
11%
9%
6%
11%
8%
12%
7%
16%
9%
13%
9%
26.05
25.67
25.92
Mean Age
As shown in Table 4, there are no substantive differences between respondents and nonrespondents to
the calling sample with respect to gender, age, and Jewish denomination. However, there is noticeable
bias with respect to round of application, with applicants to more recent rounds more likely to respond.
These results echo previous CMJS findings with respect to nonresponse bias in surveys of Birthright
Israel applicants.
6
Table 5: Non-Response Analysis: Email-Only Sample Results
NonRespondents
Respondents
Sample
% Female
54%
58%
55%
% Reform
% Conservative
% Orthodox
% Reconstructionist
% Just Jewish
% Other
% Sephardic
37%
14%
4%
1%
36%
5%
2%
36%
13%
3%
2%
38%
7%
2%
37%
14%
4%
1%
37%
6%
2%
% Round 20
% Round 21
% Round 22
% Round 23
% Round 24
% Round 25
% Round 26
% Round 27
% Round 28
% Round 29
11%
5%
12%
7%
13%
6%
15%
8%
14%
8%
6%
5%
10%
7%
11%
7%
15%
11%
18%
11%
10%
5%
11%
7%
12%
7%
15%
9%
15%
9%
25.99
25.99
25.99
Mean Age
Despite its lower response rate, the email-only sample exhibits a similar level of nonresponse bias to the
calling sample with respect to the variables discussed. As is often the case in survey research, females
were relatively more likely to respond to the email-only sample than males, but the absolute level of
bias with respect to gender is small. Nonresponse bias with respect to age and Jewish denomination is
low or negligible. As with the calling sample, respondents to earlier rounds were less likely to respond.
Weighting
It is common for surveys that use disproportionate stratified sampling, like this one, to apply sampling
weights to correct for biases in probabilities of selection due to over- or undersampling of respondents
in different strata. However, the data reported here are not weighted. Consequently, the analyses
reported here do not make use of Stata’s svy suite of commands for dealing with weighted survey data.
This is because the respondents to this survey are not being used to “represent” the population from
which they were drawn (namely, eligible applicants to Birthright Israel between summer 2009 and
winter 2013-14). Rather, they are being used to help explore the relationships between various religious
7
and ethnic measures among young adult American Jews more generally. Because applicants to Birthright
Israel are not themselves a random sample of young adults American Jews, correcting for sampling bias
alone would not make point estimates estimated by this dataset any more accurate with respect to the
overall population of young adult American Jews. For this reason, this report focuses not on point
estimates, but on relationships between variables, which are more robust in the face of sample bias.
Although weights were not applied, care has been taken to ensure that none of the results reported
here were affected by the oversampling of Birthright Israel nonparticipants and children of
intermarriage. The regression models that produce the probabilities reported in Figures 16-27 include
both parental intermarriage and Birthright Israel participation as independent variables, and thus
control for the disproportionate sampling of those two groups. Consequently, frequencies or cross
tabulations are only reported for variables that occur prior to Birthright Israel participation, such as
childhood engagement, since in these cases the oversampling of Birthright Israel nonparticipants does
not significantly impact results, and are reported separately for children of inmarriage and children of
intermarriage.
8
Appendix B – Identifying Children of
Intermarriage and Children of Inmarriage
Throughout this report respondents are categorized as either children of intermarriage or children of
inmarriage. This categorization was the result of an analysis of the religious identity and upbringing of
respondents’ parents. The analysis had four distinct stages:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Identifying parents
Determining Jewish status of parents
Classifying respondents as children of intermarriage or children of inmarriage
Manual coding of complex or ambiguous cases
The first stage of analysis involved identifying the parents of each respondent. In 99% of cases the
respondent lived with a mother and a father during childhood, although in 21% of cases the parents
separated at some point before the respondent left home. The other 1% of cases included single parents
(N=23) and other situations such as guardianship (N=9).
The second stage of analysis involved determining the Jewish status of each parent. First, a variable was
created measuring the Jewish upbringing of each parent, with the following categories:






Unambiguously Jewish = 2 Jewish parents, raised Jewish or atheist/agnostic/nothing
Child of intermarriage raised Jewish = 1 Jewish parent, raised Jewish
Child of intermarriage raised atheist/agnostic/nothing = 1 Jewish parent, raised
atheist/agnostic/nothing
Child of intermarriage raised other religion = 1 Jewish parent, raised other religion (usually
Christian)
Unambiguously not Jewish = 2 non-Jewish parents, raised atheist/agnostic/nothing or other
religion (usually Christian)
UNKNOWN = response to question about parents was “It’s complicated,” or raised Jewish and
another religion, or raised Jewish by 2 non-Jews, or raised other religion by 2 Jews
Second, a variable was created measuring the current Jewish status of each parent, with the following
categories:





JBR (Jewish by religion) = religion is Jewish
JNR (Jew of no religion) = religion is atheist/agnostic/nothing, but Jewish or partially Jewish
aside from religion
Atheist/agnostic/nothing = religion is atheist/agnostic/nothing, not Jewish or partially Jewish
aside from religion
Other religion = religion is other religion (usually Christian), not Jewish or partially Jewish aside
from religion
UNKNOWN = religion is other religion (usually Christian) and Jewish or partially Jewish aside
from religion, or religion is Jewish and another religion
9
Third, a new variable was created for each parent by the intersection of these two variables, with the
following categories




Not Jewish
Jewish
Jewish AFTER respondent age 13
UNKNOWN
Raised
This was done in the following manner:
JBR
JNR
Unambiguously
Jewish
Child of
intermarriage
raised Jewish
Child of
intermarriage
raised atheist/
agnostic/
nothing
Child of
intermarriage
raised other
religion
Unambiguously
not Jewish
Jewish
Jewish
Current
Atheist/
agnostic/
nothing
Jewish
Jewish
Jewish
Jewish
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
Other
religion
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
Jewish
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
Jewish
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
IF formal
conversion by
resp. age 13,
then Jewish; IF
formal
conversion
AFTER resp. age
13, then Jewish
AFTER resp. age
13; else
UNKNOWN
IF formal
conversion
by resp. age
13, then
Jewish; IF
formal
conversion
AFTER resp.
age 13, then
Jewish AFTER
resp. age 13;
else
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
Not Jewish
Not Jewish
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
The third stage of analysis involved classifying respondents as children of intermarriage or children of
inmarriage. For the 99% of cases where the respondent lived with two parents during childhood, this
classification was done using the following schema:
10
Not Jewish
Not Jewish
Father
Jewish
Jewish AFTER resp. age
13
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
(N=0)
Intermarried
(N=524)
UNKNOWN
(N=1)
UNKNOWN
(N=51)
Mother
Jewish
Jewish AFTER
resp. age 13
Intermarried UNKNOWN
(N=448)
(N=0)
Inmarried
Intermarried
(N=1,341)
(N=4)
Intermarried UNKNOWN
(N=7)
(N=0)
UNKNOWN UNKNOWN
(N=144)
(N=1)
UNKNOWN
UNKNOWN
(N=33)
UNKNOWN
(N=121)
UNKNOWN
(N=0)
UNKNOWN
(N=13)
Cases of single parents were classified as “inmarried” if the parent was Jewish, “UNKNOWN” otherwise,
and cases of guardianship and other situations were also classified as “UNKNOWN.” In addition:


There were 158 respondents where either (1) one parent was Jewish and the other parent was
raised unambiguously not Jewish and currently identifies as atheist/agnostic/nothing or other
religion (usually Christian) and hadn’t formally converted to Judaism, but considered
him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish aside from religion OR (2) one parent was Jewish and the
other parent was raised unambiguously not Jewish and currently identified as Jewish by religion
but hadn’t formally converted to Judaism. These respondents were classified as “intermarried.”
There were 3 respondents where one parent was Jewish and the other parent was a child of
intermarriage raised atheist/agnostic/nothing and currently atheist/agnostic/nothing. These
respondents were classified as “inmarried.”
The fourth stage of analysis involved manual coding of complex or ambiguous cases. There were 223
respondents who had been classified as “unknown” in the analysis above. Three different CMJS
researchers independently examined each of the 223 cases, classifying them as either “Inmarried,”
“Intermarried” or “Neither” based on an examination of all available data, including open-ended
responses. For 100 of these cases 2 or 3 coders were in agreement, and the case was assigned
accordingly. All other cases were deemed “Neither.” One coder then examined 76 cases where data was
missing for one or more relevant questions and was able to assign 65 of them to one of the three
categories. Finally, all 28 cases where one parent died during the respondent’s childhood were reassessed for consistency of coding, and 3 of those cases were moved. After all of these analyses were
completed, the resulting variable describing respondents’ parents was distributed as follows:
N
Inmarried
1,434
Intermarried
1,229
Neither
139
Missing
36
Total
2,838
This is the variable used in all reported analyses.
Percent
50.5%
43.3%
4.9%
1.3%
100%
11
Appendix C: Analysis Paradigm
The findings discussed in Part Two and Part Three of the report are based on a series of regression
models, which are presented in Appendix D. Regression models estimate the statistical relationship
between a given outcome measure and multiple predictors. These models are then used to calculate
predictions—that is, the probability of a given outcome is calculated based on different sets of
predictors.
Regression models
Background / Upbringing
The table below describes the independent variables included in these models. Note that the two
interaction terms are only included in models where they were found to be significant.
1
Variable name
intmarpar
Type
Nominal, entered in
model as two dummy
variables
chjewritual_new
Interval scale
intjewed
Nominal, entered in
model as two dummy
variables
jsocial
Interval scale
chbackground
Interval scale
Description
Parental marriage type:
0=Inmarried
1=Intermarried (omitted category)
10=Neither1
Mokken scale of childhood Jewish ritual
practice. Six rituals—celebrating Hanukkah,
attending a Passover seder, attending
religious service monthly, lighting Shabbat
candles, having a special meal on Shabbat
and keeping kosher—were ordered in terms
of prevalence and combined into a single
Mokken scale with values ranging from 0 to
6 (α=0.78).
Most intense form of Jewish education
1=None
2=Part-time only (omitted category)
3=Full-time
Index of childhood Jewish social
opportunities. Four items—years of day
camp, years of overnight camp, high school
youth group membership and most/all close
friends Jewish in high school—were
combined into a single scale with values
ranging from -2 to 10 by adding the
standard scores (z-scores) of each item
(Loevinger’s H = 0.60).
Index of childhood Christian experiences. Six
items—celebrating Christmas, attending
Christian religious services, having a special
Easter meal or giving up an activity or food
See Appendix B for details on how these categorizations were established.
College
12
for Lent, receiving formal Christian religious
education, celebrating a Christine milestone
event (e.g., first communion) and being
raised primarily Christian—were combined
into a single additive scale with values
ranging from 0 to 6 (Loevinger’s H = 0.68).
taglit
Nominal, entered in
Birthright Israel participation
model as two dummy
1=Nonparticipant
variables
2=Participant < age 22 (omitted category)
3=Participant age 22+
ugradactjew2
Binary
At all active in Jewish Groups on campus
during college (e.g., Hillel, Chabad)
anyjcourse
Binary
Took a course on Israel, Jewish studies or
Hebrew during college
intmarpar#taglit* Interaction between intmarpar and taglit
intmarpar#ugrada Interaction between intmarpar and ugradactjew2
ctjew2**
* Included only in models for celebrating Purim, Jewish peoplehood, connection to Israel, importance of raising children Jewish,
and Jewish status of partner.
** Included only in models for Shabbat meals.
Linear (ordinary least squares) regression models were used to analyze the Israel favorability and Jewish
peoplehood indices. Binary logistic regression models were used to analyze celebration of Rosh
Hashanah, Passover, and Purim. Ordered logistic regression models were used to analyze connection to
Israel, importance of marrying a Jew and importance of raising Jewish children. Multinomial logistic
regression models were used to analyze religious service attendance, proportion of close friends who
are Jewish, Hebrew comprehension, having a special meal on Shabbat, religion of partner, and current
Jewish identity.
Predictions
The regression models used in this report estimate the independent effect of a one-unit increase in each
predictor on the outcome, holding all other predictors in the model constant. However, the resulting
coefficients can be difficult to interpret and may over or underestimate the impact of a given variable
“in practice” when other predictors are generally not constant. To better understand the association
between college Jewish experiences and Jewish outcomes later in life for Jewish young adults from
different backgrounds, we use these models to generate predictions called “predictive margins.”
Predictive margins are calculated by holding each of the predictors in a model at a specific value and
then using the model to estimate the probability that an individual with these characteristics would
have a specific outcome. By calculating several such predictive margins, we can estimate how the
probability of a certain outcome (such as celebrating Rosh Hashanah) might change if some predictors
(such as Jewish background) were held constant, but others (such as Jewish college experience) were
changed.
13
Childhood Predictors
The predictive margins in this report generally hold the childhood predictors at one of two possible set
of values, to reflect the upbringing of a “typical” child of intermarriage (denoted “Taylor” in the report),
and a “typical” child of inmarriage (denoted “Jordan”). Taylor and Jordan do not represent any specific
respondents in the dataset, but rather are statistical constructions of hypothetical individuals with
specific background characteristics. Estimates for “Taylor” hold the background variables at their mean
level for children of intermarriage in this dataset, and estimates for “Jordan” hold the background
variables at the mean level for children of inmarriage in this dataset. The table below summarizes what
values background variables are held at for Taylor and Jordan.
Background variable
Parental marriage type
Mokken scale of childhood
Jewish ritual practice
Most intense form of Jewish
education
Index of childhood Jewish social
opportunities
Index of childhood Christian
experiences
Value for Taylor
1=Intermarried
Average for children
of intermarriage
1=None
Value for Jordan
0=Inmarried
Average for children of
inmarriage
2=Part-time only
Average for children
of intermarriage
Average for children
of intermarriage
Average for children of
inmarriage
Average for children of
inmarriage
College Predictors
The three college predictors—Birthright Israel participation, being active in Jewish groups on campus,
and taking a Jewish studies or Israel-themed undergraduate course—are held at different values to
estimate outcomes for “Taylor” or “Jordan” if either participated in zero, one or all three of those
activities. Because there is substantial correlation between participation in different college Jewish
experiences, analyses that estimate the impact of an individual who participated in only one activity
likely underestimate the full impact of that activity. For example, those who participate in Birthright
Israel during college are more likely to be involved with Jewish groups on campus and to take courses in
Jewish subjects than those who did not participate in Birthright Israel during college. A predictive margin
estimating the experience of going on Birthright Israel but subsequently not engaging in campus Jewish
activities is likely an underestimate, as a significant portion of Birthright Israel’s impact may manifest
itself as an increased desire to participate in campus Jewish groups, which then produces additional
impacts.
14
Appendix D: Tables
The regression models and analyses that support the results discussed in the report are presented
below. The variables appearing in these models are described in the first table in Technical Appendix C.
Table 1: Logistic regression morel of participation in Birthright Israel on parental intermarriage and
childhood Jewish experiences
Logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1773.3259
Number of obs
LR chi2(7)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,616
54.01
0.0000
0.0150
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------participant_update |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.1465316
.1082759
1.35
0.176
-.0656852
.3587484
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.6203155
.2454071
-2.53
0.011
-1.101305
-.1393264
|
chjewritual_new |
.0133263
.0251314
0.53
0.596
-.0359304
.0625829
|
intjewed |
None | -.1549412
.1075814
-1.44
0.150
-.3657968
.0559144
Full-time | -.4523379
.1196329
-3.78
0.000
-.6868141
-.2178616
|
jsocial | -.0211252
.018321
-1.15
0.249
-.0570336
.0147833
chbackground | -.1140412
.0356948
-3.19
0.001
-.1840017
-.0440807
_cons |
.001588
.1127698
0.01
0.989
-.2194368
.2226128
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2: Logistic regression model of participation in college Jewish groups on parental intermarriage,
childhood Jewish experiences and Birthright Israel participation during college
Logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1505.1616
Number of obs
LR chi2(8)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,423
347.83
0.0000
0.1036
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ugradactjew2 |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.1940805
.1167804
-1.66
0.097
-.4229658
.0348048
Neither 'inmarried' .. | -.7042285
.2674657
-2.63
0.008
-1.228452
-.1800053
|
chjewritual_new |
.1408868
.0271819
5.18
0.000
.0876113
.1941622
|
intjewed |
None | -.4099952
.1164103
-3.52
0.000
-.6381552
-.1818352
Full-time | -.1472102
.1310407
-1.12
0.261
-.4040453
.1096249
|
jsocial |
.134845
.0209417
6.44
0.000
.0938001
.17589
chbackground | -.0132318
.0390423
-0.34
0.735
-.0897533
.0632896
taglitcol |
.782043
.1102152
7.10
0.000
.5660251
.9980609
_cons | -.3147714
.1233004
-2.55
0.011
-.5564359
-.073107
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15
Table 3: Logistic regression model of taking an undergraduate course on Israel, Jewish studies or
Hebrew on parental intermarriage, childhood Jewish experiences and Birthright Israel participation
during college.
Logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1510.8884
Number of obs
LR chi2(8)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,517
107.04
0.0000
0.0342
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------anyjcourse |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.0664875
.1207313
-0.55
0.582
-.3031165
.1701415
Neither 'inmarried' .. | -.1486265
.2624465
-0.57
0.571
-.6630122
.3657593
|
chjewritual_new |
.0826228
.0274165
3.01
0.003
.0288874
.1363581
|
intjewed |
None | -.2312192
.1230191
-1.88
0.060
-.4723322
.0098937
Full-time |
.1473651
.1242198
1.19
0.235
-.0961011
.3908314
|
jsocial |
.0885844
.0193512
4.58
0.000
.0506568
.126512
chbackground |
.0654282
.0400725
1.63
0.103
-.0131126
.1439689
taglitcol |
.3298842
.1055103
3.13
0.002
.1230877
.5366806
_cons | -1.134679
.1287954
-8.81
0.000
-1.387113
-.8822444
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4: Logistic regression models of Passover celebration on parental intermarriage, childhood
Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1045.5193
Number of obs
LR chi2(11)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,351
302.31
0.0000
0.1263
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------holpass |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.0749531
.1466277
-0.51
0.609
-.362338
.2124319
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.4790504
.2659298
-1.80
0.072
-1.000263
.0421625
|
chjewritual_new |
.298579
.0381547
7.83
0.000
.2237972
.3733607
|
intjewed |
None | -.3187662
.1453043
-2.19
0.028
-.6035574
-.033975
Full-time |
-.328866
.1838056
-1.79
0.074
-.6891184
.0313864
|
jsocial |
.0416186
.0299561
1.39
0.165
-.0170943
.1003316
chbackground | -.0128916
.0437692
-0.29
0.768
-.0986777
.0728944
|
taglit |
NP | -.3944409
.1621848
-2.43
0.015
-.7123172
-.0765646
P 22+ | -.2941046
.1800715
-1.63
0.102
-.6470383
.0588291
|
ugradactjew2 |
.7817091
.1244303
6.28
0.000
.5378303
1.025588
anyjcourse |
.1115285
.1283513
0.87
0.385
-.1400354
.3630925
_cons |
.8071539
.2115604
3.82
0.000
.3925032
1.221805
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16
Table 5: Logistic regression models of Rosh Hashanah celebration on parental intermarriage,
childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1143.4349
Number of obs
LR chi2(11)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,328
472.33
0.0000
0.1712
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------holrh |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.3084179
.135723
-2.27
0.023
-.5744301
-.0424058
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.7327384
.2644129
-2.77
0.006
-1.250978
-.2144987
|
chjewritual_new |
.2154905
.0336734
6.40
0.000
.1494919
.2814892
|
intjewed |
None | -.4825164
.1326943
-3.64
0.000
-.7425924
-.2224405
Full-time | -.1881701
.1750222
-1.08
0.282
-.5312073
.154867
|
jsocial |
.0941727
.0284295
3.31
0.001
.0384519
.1498935
chbackground | -.0299848
.0421008
-0.71
0.476
-.1125009
.0525313
|
taglit |
NP | -.6525175
.1514479
-4.31
0.000
-.9493499
-.3556851
P 22+ | -.3318046
.1692444
-1.96
0.050
-.6635175
-.0000916
|
ugradactjew2 |
.8118788
.1127231
7.20
0.000
.5909456
1.032812
anyjcourse |
.3737099
.1209167
3.09
0.002
.1367175
.6107023
_cons |
.8666344
.197337
4.39
0.000
.4798609
1.253408
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17
Table 6: Logistic regression models of Purim celebration on parental intermarriage, childhood Jewish
experiences and college Jewish experiences
Logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1075.4705
Number of obs
LR chi2(15)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,266
376.48
0.0000
0.1490
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------holpur |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.0626757
.2415101
0.26
0.795
-.4106755
.5360268
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
.6944912
.7652479
0.91
0.364
-.8053672
2.19435
|
taglit |
NP | -.0427529
.1583262
-0.27
0.787
-.3530666
.2675608
P 22+ | -.1701759
.1975279
-0.86
0.389
-.5573234
.2169717
|
intmarpar#taglit |
'Intermarried'#NP | -.5676157
.2833712
-2.00
0.045
-1.123013
-.0122184
'Intermarried'#P 22+ | -.1337158
.3234031
-0.41
0.679
-.7675741
.5001426
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
NP | -.5317249
.8222702
-0.65
0.518
-2.143345
1.079895
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
P 22+ |
.0509309
1.029627
0.05
0.961
-1.967101
2.068963
|
chjewritual_new |
.2691427
.0327423
8.22
0.000
.204969
.3333164
|
intjewed |
None | -.0117084
.1576794
-0.07
0.941
-.3207543
.2973375
Full-time |
.6480631
.1399767
4.63
0.000
.3737139
.9224123
|
jsocial |
.0694268
.0225515
3.08
0.002
.0252266
.1136269
chbackground | -.0370807
.0537533
-0.69
0.490
-.1424352
.0682738
ugradactjew2 |
.608387
.1167352
5.21
0.000
.3795901
.8371838
anyjcourse |
.2169785
.1139384
1.90
0.057
-.0063366
.4402936
_cons | -2.430224
.2074885
-11.71
0.000
-2.836894
-2.023554
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18
Table 7: Multinomial logistic regression model of attendance at Jewish religious services on parental
intermarriage, childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Multinomial logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1708.0236
Number of obs
LR chi2(22)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,361
764.13
0.0000
0.1828
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------relservjew3 |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Never
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.2137714
.13631
1.57
0.117
-.0533913
.480934
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
.3284324
.2654439
1.24
0.216
-.1918281
.8486928
|
chjewritual_new | -.2090574
.0338438
-6.18
0.000
-.2753901
-.1427246
|
intjewed |
None |
.672024
.1337256
5.03
0.000
.4099267
.9341213
Full-time |
.3146593
.1750856
1.80
0.072
-.0285022
.6578208
|
jsocial | -.0767929
.0283676
-2.71
0.007
-.1323924
-.0211933
chbackground | -.0115324
.0422035
-0.27
0.785
-.0942497
.071185
|
taglit |
NP |
.8401454
.1547092
5.43
0.000
.5369209
1.14337
P 22+ |
.4076279
.1721702
2.37
0.018
.0701805
.7450752
|
ugradactjew2 |
-.992363
.1130656
-8.78
0.000
-1.213967
-.7707585
anyjcourse | -.3784469
.1212337
-3.12
0.002
-.6160606
-.1408332
_cons | -.7238621
.1987446
-3.64
0.000
-1.113394
-.33433
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------A_few_times_a_year
| (base outcome)
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Once_a_month_or_more
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.0185338
.2343382
-0.08
0.937
-.4778282
.4407606
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.0225938
.657815
-0.03
0.973
-1.311888
1.2667
|
chjewritual_new |
.2970644
.0510921
5.81
0.000
.1969257
.3972032
|
intjewed |
None |
.6060019
.2499744
2.42
0.015
.116061
1.095943
Full-time |
.8403386
.1845034
4.55
0.000
.4787186
1.201959
|
jsocial |
.0897414
.0298139
3.01
0.003
.0313072
.1481756
chbackground | -.1477774
.0912028
-1.62
0.105
-.3265316
.0309768
|
taglit |
NP | -.2461439
.1761795
-1.40
0.162
-.5914495
.0991616
P 22+ |
-.549958
.2340689
-2.35
0.019
-1.008725
-.0911913
|
ugradactjew2 |
.7567346
.1846826
4.10
0.000
.3947633
1.118706
anyjcourse |
.0656761
.1609701
0.41
0.683
-.2498195
.3811717
_cons | -3.678439
.3157267
-11.65
0.000
-4.297251
-3.059626
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19
Table 8: Multinomial logistic regression model of having a special meal on Shabbat on parental
intermarriage, childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Multinomial logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1879.2968
Number of obs
LR chi2(26)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,366
765.18
0.0000
0.1691
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------shabmeal3 |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Never
| (base outcome)
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Sometimes
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
-.178872
.1566932
-1.14
0.254
-.4859851
.128241
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.0158185
.3099728
-0.05
0.959
-.623354
.591717
|
ugradactjew2 |
1. Yes |
.5608451
.1382429
4.06
0.000
.289894
.8317962
|
intmarpar#ugradactjew2 |
'Intermarried'#1. Yes |
.4701862
.1965668
2.39
0.017
.0849223
.8554501
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
1. Yes |
2.104703
.6935408
3.03
0.002
.745388
3.464018
|
chjewritual_new |
.328162
.0309065
10.62
0.000
.2675864
.3887376
|
intjewed |
None |
.2822937
.1285477
2.20
0.028
.0303449
.5342426
Full-time | -.0290159
.1554113
-0.19
0.852
-.3336164
.2755847
|
jsocial |
.0544881
.0235323
2.32
0.021
.0083656
.1006106
chbackground | -.0561679
.0418714
-1.34
0.180
-.1382344
.0258987
|
taglit |
NP |
-.654954
.1271418
-5.15
0.000
-.9041473
-.4057607
P 22+ |
-.256657
.1431809
-1.79
0.073
-.5372864
.0239723
|
anyjcourse |
.0996185
.1065883
0.93
0.350
-.1092907
.3085278
_cons |
-.84179
.1795702
-4.69
0.000
-1.193741
-.489839
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Usually_always
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.5723699
.3685947
-1.55
0.120
-1.294802
.1500624
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
.6650604
.6051987
1.10
0.272
-.5211073
1.851228
|
ugradactjew2 |
1. Yes |
.7917889
.2185995
3.62
0.000
.3633417
1.220236
|
intmarpar#ugradactjew2 |
'Intermarried'#1. Yes |
.534538
.4126372
1.30
0.195
-.2742161
1.343292
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
1. Yes |
.9544815
1.086354
0.88
0.380
-1.174733
3.083696
|
chjewritual_new |
.5878738
.0539621
10.89
0.000
.4821101
.6936376
|
intjewed |
None |
1.230086
.253297
4.86
0.000
.7336328
1.726539
Full-time |
1.235299
.2099097
5.88
0.000
.8238831
1.646714
|
jsocial |
.1401943
.0339726
4.13
0.000
.0736093
.2067794
chbackground | -.2138068
.0920896
-2.32
0.020
-.3942992
-.0333144
|
taglit |
20
NP
P 22+
| -.6960808
.1994491
-3.49
0.000
-1.086994
-.3051677
| -.6868172
.2535488
-2.71
0.007
-1.183764
-.1898707
|
anyjcourse |
.6667758
.1731166
3.85
0.000
.3274735
1.006078
_cons | -4.112137
.3406356
-12.07
0.000
-4.779771
-3.444504
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 9: Ordered logistic regression model of connection to Israel on parental intermarriage,
childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Ordered logistic regression
Log likelihood =
-2861.104
Number of obs
LR chi2(15)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,350
660.77
0.0000
0.1035
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------conisrn |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.2097912
.1828998
1.15
0.251
-.1486859
.5682683
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
.7852813
.6381798
1.23
0.219
-.4655281
2.036091
|
taglit |
NP | -.9823618
.1296341
-7.58
0.000
-1.23644
-.7282837
P 22+ | -.0327914
.154755
-0.21
0.832
-.3361057
.2705228
|
intmarpar#taglit |
'Intermarried'#NP | -.8680934
.2066991
-4.20
0.000
-1.273216
-.4629706
'Intermarried'#P 22+ | -.1703574
.2341587
-0.73
0.467
-.6292999
.2885851
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
NP | -.8955145
.6692859
-1.34
0.181
-2.207291
.4162617
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
P 22+ | -.2782047
.7868679
-0.35
0.724
-1.820437
1.264028
|
chjewritual_new |
.1441329
.024469
5.89
0.000
.0961746
.1920913
|
intjewed |
None |
.2932153
.1048651
2.80
0.005
.0876834
.4987472
Full-time |
.7840569
.118494
6.62
0.000
.551813
1.016301
|
jsocial |
.1049297
.0182967
5.73
0.000
.0690688
.1407905
chbackground |
.0077526
.0345082
0.22
0.822
-.0598821
.0753874
ugradactjew2 |
.4182131
.0834531
5.01
0.000
.254648
.5817783
anyjcourse |
.4056423
.0852281
4.76
0.000
.2385982
.5726864
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------/cut1 | -1.568486
.1556273
-1.87351
-1.263462
/cut2 |
.3733251
.1510247
.0773221
.6693281
/cut3 |
1.809453
.155575
1.504532
2.114375
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21
Table 10: Linear regression model of the Israel favorability index on parental intermarriage, childhood
Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Source |
SS
df
MS
-------------+---------------------------------Model | 374.192218
11 34.0174744
Residual | 1988.92618
2,293 .867390395
-------------+---------------------------------Total | 2363.11839
2,304 1.02565902
Number of obs
F(11, 2293)
Prob > F
R-squared
Adj R-squared
Root MSE
=
=
=
=
=
=
2,305
39.22
0.0000
0.1583
0.1543
.93134
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------isrindex |
Coef.
Std. Err.
t
P>|t|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.2399625
.0527266
-4.55
0.000
-.3433593
-.1365657
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.0862103
.1098654
-0.78
0.433
-.3016563
.1292356
|
chjewritual_new |
.0479752
.0123321
3.89
0.000
.0237918
.0721585
|
intjewed |
None |
.141383
.053197
2.66
0.008
.0370638
.2457022
Full-time |
.3683759
.0580125
6.35
0.000
.2546135
.4821383
|
jsocial |
.0593417
.0091221
6.51
0.000
.0414532
.0772302
chbackground |
.0123235
.0172313
0.72
0.475
-.021467
.046114
|
taglit |
NP | -.2745647
.0507674
-5.41
0.000
-.3741194
-.17501
P 22+ |
-.049443
.0586239
-0.84
0.399
-.1644044
.0655184
|
ugradactjew2 |
.2749034
.0422835
6.50
0.000
.1919856
.3578213
anyjcourse |
.0310509
.0430885
0.72
0.471
-.0534455
.1155474
_cons |
2.883394
.0715681
40.29
0.000
2.743049
3.023739
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 11: Multinomial logistic regression model of Hebrew comprehension on parental intermarriage,
childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Multinomial logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1545.4007
Number of obs
LR chi2(22)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,367
1760.72
0.0000
0.3629
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------hebrew3 |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Don_t_know_letters
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.1662351
.1712221
-0.97
0.332
-.5018243
.1693541
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.5381411
.3649484
-1.47
0.140
-1.253427
.1771447
|
chjewritual_new | -.3116117
.0399386
-7.80
0.000
-.3898899
-.2333336
|
intjewed |
None |
3.259085
.1639672
19.88
0.000
2.937715
3.580455
Full-time |
.9803076
.1978693
4.95
0.000
.5924909
1.368124
|
jsocial | -.0447735
.032843
-1.36
0.173
-.1091446
.0195976
chbackground |
.0978491
.0569496
1.72
0.086
-.01377
.2094682
|
taglit |
NP |
.4425817
.1764446
2.51
0.012
.0967567
.7884068
22
P 22+
|
.3562053
.1983612
1.80
0.073
-.0325755
.744986
|
ugradactjew2 | -.4705069
.1366955
-3.44
0.001
-.7384252
-.2025887
anyjcourse | -.2187772
.1465478
-1.49
0.135
-.5060055
.0684512
_cons | -.9023692
.2270825
-3.97
0.000
-1.347443
-.4572956
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Letters_only
| (base outcome)
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Some_comprehension
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.0799164
.1885638
-0.42
0.672
-.4494948
.2896619
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
.0355929
.4921029
0.07
0.942
-.928911
1.000097
|
chjewritual_new |
.1970456
.0407171
4.84
0.000
.1172415
.2768497
|
intjewed |
None |
1.341154
.2291803
5.85
0.000
.8919692
1.790339
Full-time |
1.665267
.1525428
10.92
0.000
1.366288
1.964245
|
jsocial |
.0876931
.0263733
3.33
0.001
.0360024
.1393839
chbackground | -.1565887
.0754451
-2.08
0.038
-.3044584
-.0087189
|
taglit |
NP |
.0628966
.1596881
0.39
0.694
-.2500864
.3758795
P 22+ |
.1104556
.1920329
0.58
0.565
-.265922
.4868333
|
ugradactjew2 |
.1840982
.1436207
1.28
0.200
-.0973932
.4655896
anyjcourse |
.5478183
.1368593
4.00
0.000
.279579
.8160576
_cons | -2.750686
.2480308
-11.09
0.000
-3.236818
-2.264555
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23
Table 12: Linear regression model of the Jewish peoplehood index on parental intermarriage,
childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Source |
SS
df
MS
-------------+---------------------------------Model | 816.467153
15 54.4311435
Residual | 2701.70914
2,341 1.15408336
-------------+---------------------------------Total | 3518.17629
2,356 1.49328366
Number of obs
F(15, 2341)
Prob > F
R-squared
Adj R-squared
Root MSE
=
=
=
=
=
=
2,357
47.16
0.0000
0.2321
0.2272
1.0743
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------peoplehood |
Coef.
Std. Err.
t
P>|t|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.0682882
.10676
0.64
0.522
-.1410659
.2776422
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
.140848
.3512062
0.40
0.688
-.5478595
.8295555
|
taglit |
NP |
-.198185
.074775
-2.65
0.008
-.3448171
-.0515529
P 22+ | -.0634986
.0907069
-0.70
0.484
-.2413728
.1143755
|
intmarpar#taglit |
'Intermarried'#NP | -.3961939
.1193764
-3.32
0.001
-.6302884
-.1620995
'Intermarried'#P 22+ |
.0062805
.1363464
0.05
0.963
-.2610916
.2736527
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
NP |
-.495231
.3679643
-1.35
0.178
-1.216801
.2263389
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
P 22+ |
.4811054
.4377619
1.10
0.272
-.3773359
1.339547
|
chjewritual_new |
.0925
.0140888
6.57
0.000
.0648722
.1201278
|
intjewed |
None | -.0508605
.0607975
-0.84
0.403
-.170083
.068362
Full-time |
.0978982
.0666688
1.47
0.142
-.0328379
.2286343
|
jsocial |
.0638088
.0104365
6.11
0.000
.0433431
.0842745
chbackground | -.0172877
.0196874
-0.88
0.380
-.0558942
.0213189
ugradactjew2 |
.4737312
.0483946
9.79
0.000
.3788305
.5686318
anyjcourse |
.1960881
.0493683
3.97
0.000
.0992779
.2928984
_cons |
2.735585
.0879459
31.11
0.000
2.563125
2.908045
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24
Table 13: Multinomial logistic regression model of proportion of close friends Jewish on parental
intermarriage, childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Multinomial logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1918.5901
Number of obs
LR chi2(22)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,368
577.93
0.0000
0.1309
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------friendsjew3b |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------None_a_few
| (base outcome)
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------About_half
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.4467394
.1363515
-3.28
0.001
-.7139834
-.1794953
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.2079552
.2781521
-0.75
0.455
-.7531232
.3372128
|
chjewritual_new |
-.070245
.0323145
-2.17
0.030
-.1335801
-.0069098
|
intjewed |
None |
-.053185
.1409149
-0.38
0.706
-.3293733
.2230032
Full-time |
.4529243
.1544906
2.93
0.003
.1501282
.7557203
|
jsocial |
.1698481
.0251167
6.76
0.000
.1206203
.2190759
chbackground |
.0767972
.0444434
1.73
0.084
-.0103102
.1639046
|
taglit |
NP | -.1127709
.1319009
-0.85
0.393
-.3712919
.1457502
P 22+ | -.1105832
.1514644
-0.73
0.465
-.4074479
.1862815
|
ugradactjew2 |
.4102586
.1092423
3.76
0.000
.1961477
.6243696
anyjcourse |
.1053135
.1121536
0.94
0.348
-.1145035
.3251305
_cons | -.7288895
.1835944
-3.97
0.000
-1.088728
-.3690511
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Most_all
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.7696284
.2037904
-3.78
0.000
-1.16905
-.3702066
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.4211698
.4909678
-0.86
0.391
-1.383449
.5411094
|
chjewritual_new | -.0514369
.0426565
-1.21
0.228
-.1350421
.0321682
|
intjewed |
None |
.6484423
.2069257
3.13
0.002
.2428754
1.054009
Full-time |
1.125226
.1741355
6.46
0.000
.7839269
1.466525
|
jsocial |
.3490426
.0296153
11.79
0.000
.2909977
.4070875
chbackground | -.2354883
.0802424
-2.93
0.003
-.3927606
-.078216
|
taglit |
NP | -.1191236
.1669938
-0.71
0.476
-.4464254
.2081782
P 22+ | -.2110723
.2035106
-1.04
0.300
-.6099457
.1878011
|
ugradactjew2 |
.6268296
.1502745
4.17
0.000
.3322971
.9213622
anyjcourse |
.4194669
.1442432
2.91
0.004
.1367554
.7021784
_cons |
-1.74598
.2456373
-7.11
0.000
-2.227421
-1.26454
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
25
Table 14: Multinomial logistic regression model of Jewish partner on parental intermarriage,
childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Multinomial logistic regression
Log likelihood = -2345.4545
Number of obs
LR chi2(30)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,344
191.10
0.0000
0.0391
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------partner3 |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------No_partner
| (base outcome)
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Jewish_partner
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.1385388
.2918813
0.47
0.635
-.4335381
.7106157
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.5093558
1.112147
-0.46
0.647
-2.689124
1.670413
|
taglit |
NP |
.8074347
.1873986
4.31
0.000
.4401402
1.174729
P 22+ |
.6367416
.229338
2.78
0.005
.1872474
1.086236
|
intmarpar#taglit |
'Intermarried'#NP | -.6555599
.3264807
-2.01
0.045
-1.29545
-.0156696
'Intermarried'#P 22+ |
.0728723
.3663042
0.20
0.842
-.6450708
.7908153
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
NP | -.5981978
1.178308
-0.51
0.612
-2.90764
1.711244
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
P 22+ |
1.129259
1.349719
0.84
0.403
-1.516142
3.77466
|
chjewritual_new | -.0597281
.0371658
-1.61
0.108
-.1325717
.0131155
|
intjewed |
None |
.0440485
.1648715
0.27
0.789
-.2790936
.3671907
Full-time |
.045209
.1642539
0.28
0.783
-.2767228
.3671408
|
jsocial |
.0599855
.0254403
2.36
0.018
.0101233
.1098476
chbackground |
-.009172
.0567255
-0.16
0.872
-.1203521
.102008
ugradactjew2 |
.1768401
.1275214
1.39
0.166
-.0730973
.4267775
anyjcourse |
.4509256
.1248544
3.61
0.000
.2062154
.6956357
_cons | -1.457499
.2308238
-6.31
0.000
-1.909906
-1.005093
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Non_Jewish_partner
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.4862258
.2269317
2.14
0.032
.0414479
.9310038
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.1241378
.7400905
-0.17
0.867
-1.574689
1.326413
|
taglit |
NP |
.7099286
.1694761
4.19
0.000
.3777616
1.042096
P 22+ |
.6604503
.2005288
3.29
0.001
.2674211
1.05348
|
intmarpar#taglit |
'Intermarried'#NP | -.4438571
.253144
-1.75
0.080
-.9400103
.0522961
'Intermarried'#P 22+ | -.0879134
.2901349
-0.30
0.762
-.6565674
.4807406
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
NP | -.2090861
.7695384
-0.27
0.786
-1.717354
1.299182
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
P 22+ |
.7851578
.9557218
0.82
0.411
-1.088023
2.658338
|
chjewritual_new | -.0339245
.0297272
-1.14
0.254
-.0921887
.0243397
|
intjewed |
None | -.2175942
.1272686
-1.71
0.087
-.467036
.0318476
Full-time | -.1990081
.1470902
-1.35
0.176
-.4872997
.0892834
|
26
jsocial | -.0569592
.0231671
-2.46
0.014
-.1023658
-.0115526
chbackground |
.078794
.0406353
1.94
0.052
-.0008497
.1584377
ugradactjew2 |
-.220674
.1019633
-2.16
0.030
-.4205183
-.0208297
anyjcourse | -.0701849
.1066621
-0.66
0.511
-.2792388
.138869
_cons | -.5533766
.1923931
-2.88
0.004
-.9304602
-.176293
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
27
Table 15: Multinomial logistic regression model of Jewish identity on parental intermarriage,
childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Multinomial logistic regression
Log likelihood = -1725.3483
Number of obs
LR chi2(44)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,348
1309.85
0.0000
0.2751
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------jidnow2b |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------JBR
| (base outcome)
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------JNR
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.8877168
.1608577
5.52
0.000
.5724415
1.202992
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
.9178348
.3595477
2.55
0.011
.2131342
1.622535
|
chjewritual_new | -.1857704
.0414388
-4.48
0.000
-.2669891
-.1045518
|
intjewed |
None |
1.158632
.1535105
7.55
0.000
.8577571
1.459507
Full-time |
.4873417
.2157546
2.26
0.024
.0644705
.910213
|
jsocial | -.1252949
.0364961
-3.43
0.001
-.1968259
-.0537638
chbackground |
.2582282
.0545734
4.73
0.000
.1512662
.3651902
|
taglit |
NP |
.7393104
.1834003
4.03
0.000
.3798524
1.098768
P 22+ |
.1931638
.2050713
0.94
0.346
-.2087686
.5950962
|
ugradactjew2 | -1.045212
.1378954
-7.58
0.000
-1.315482
-.7749418
anyjcourse | -.2800168
.1459824
-1.92
0.055
-.566137
.0061033
_cons | -1.997282
.2470398
-8.08
0.000
-2.481471
-1.513093
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Jewish_and_other_religio~e |
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.4661017
.2685408
1.74
0.083
-.0602286
.992432
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
.1433442
.6007675
0.24
0.811
-1.034138
1.320827
|
chjewritual_new |
.031023
.0608301
0.51
0.610
-.0882019
.1502479
|
intjewed |
None |
.5370559
.2414113
2.22
0.026
.0638984
1.010213
Full-time |
.2629265
.3184164
0.83
0.409
-.3611581
.8870111
|
jsocial | -.0833211
.0517299
-1.61
0.107
-.1847098
.0180677
chbackground |
.5662532
.0784427
7.22
0.000
.4125083
.7199981
|
taglit |
NP |
.0855233
.2629614
0.33
0.745
-.4298715
.6009181
P 22+ |
.300104
.2818862
1.06
0.287
-.2523828
.8525908
|
ugradactjew2 | -.0394137
.2061281
-0.19
0.848
-.4434174
.36459
anyjcourse |
.2135051
.2055097
1.04
0.299
-.1892864
.6162966
_cons |
-4.01505
.3820998
-10.51
0.000
-4.763952
-3.266148
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------_eq_4
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
.7555163
.39976
1.89
0.059
-.0279988
1.539031
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
1.478098
.5345883
2.76
0.006
.4303245
2.525872
|
chjewritual_new |
.0053848
.0675144
0.08
0.936
-.1269409
.1377106
|
intjewed |
28
None
Full-time
|
2.569969
.4079861
6.30
0.000
1.770331
3.369607
|
1.252456
.5522472
2.27
0.023
.1700711
2.33484
|
jsocial | -.0179802
.0706394
-0.25
0.799
-.1564308
.1204704
chbackground |
.8112723
.0794528
10.21
0.000
.6555477
.966997
|
taglit |
NP |
.8157206
.3402873
2.40
0.017
.1487698
1.482671
P 22+ |
.0113305
.3912174
0.03
0.977
-.7554416
.7781025
|
ugradactjew2 |
-.576921
.243186
-2.37
0.018
-1.053557
-.1002852
anyjcourse | -.2060207
.2555221
-0.81
0.420
-.7068348
.2947934
_cons | -6.443955
.6102195
-10.56
0.000
-7.639964
-5.247947
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------Not_Jewish
|
intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
1.935423
.5925048
3.27
0.001
.774135
3.096711
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. |
3.648612
.7122651
5.12
0.000
2.252598
5.044626
|
chjewritual_new | -.2174661
.1120909
-1.94
0.052
-.4371603
.0022281
|
intjewed |
None |
1.262939
.4661734
2.71
0.007
.349256
2.176622
Full-time |
1.131985
.6014751
1.88
0.060
-.0468844
2.310855
|
jsocial |
.0518279
.090351
0.57
0.566
-.1252568
.2289127
chbackground |
.2349772
.1135996
2.07
0.039
.012326
.4576283
|
taglit |
NP |
2.406987
1.026979
2.34
0.019
.3941445
4.41983
P 22+ |
1.441396
1.072762
1.34
0.179
-.6611792
3.543971
|
ugradactjew2 | -1.599114
.463169
-3.45
0.001
-2.506909
-.6913193
anyjcourse | -.8286193
.4637209
-1.79
0.074
-1.737496
.0802569
_cons | -6.645671
1.215911
-5.47
0.000
-9.028814
-4.262529
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
29
Table 16: Ordered logistic regression model of importance of marrying someone Jewish on parental
intermarriage, childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences.
Ordered logistic regression
Log likelihood = -2158.7765
Number of obs
LR chi2(11)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,062
855.73
0.0000
0.1654
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------impmarryjew2 |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' | -.9119288
.119009
-7.66
0.000
-1.145182
-.6786755
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -.2858522
.2691563
-1.06
0.288
-.8133888
.2416845
|
chjewritual_new |
.1583189
.0275098
5.76
0.000
.1044008
.2122371
|
intjewed |
None |
.0034903
.1231215
0.03
0.977
-.2378233
.244804
Full-time |
.5109067
.1273937
4.01
0.000
.2612196
.7605938
|
jsocial |
.1192502
.0199567
5.98
0.000
.0801358
.1583646
chbackground | -.2358673
.045172
-5.22
0.000
-.3244027
-.1473319
|
taglit |
NP | -.3859675
.1093448
-3.53
0.000
-.6002793
-.1716556
P 22+ | -.0895517
.1287948
-0.70
0.487
-.3419849
.1628815
|
ugradactjew2 |
.9199501
.0963362
9.55
0.000
.7311346
1.108766
anyjcourse |
.3892121
.0966841
4.03
0.000
.1997147
.5787095
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------/cut1 |
.0744162
.155964
-.2312676
.3801
/cut2 |
1.137982
.1578191
.828662
1.447301
/cut3 |
2.254393
.1652289
1.930551
2.578236
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
30
Table 17: Ordered logistic regression model of importance of raising children Jewish on parental
intermarriage, childhood Jewish experiences and college Jewish experiences
Ordered logistic regression
Log likelihood = -2649.2071
Number of obs
LR chi2(15)
Prob > chi2
Pseudo R2
=
=
=
=
2,298
927.46
0.0000
0.1490
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------impkidsjew2 |
Coef.
Std. Err.
z
P>|z|
[95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------intmarpar |
'Intermarried' |
-.134441
.1946896
-0.69
0.490
-.5160256
.2471436
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. | -1.215331
.6570216
-1.85
0.064
-2.50307
.0724077
|
taglit |
NP |
-.198393
.1422491
-1.39
0.163
-.4771961
.0804101
P 22+ | -.0649326
.1694535
-0.38
0.702
-.3970553
.2671901
|
intmarpar#taglit |
'Intermarried'#NP | -.6407767
.2170253
-2.95
0.003
-1.066138
-.2154149
'Intermarried'#P 22+ |
.082132
.2463399
0.33
0.739
-.4006854
.5649494
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
NP |
.3227366
.6931765
0.47
0.642
-1.035864
1.681337
Neither 'inmarried' nor.. #|
P 22+ |
1.966919
.7988744
2.46
0.014
.4011545
3.532684
|
chjewritual_new |
.208427
.0257371
8.10
0.000
.1579833
.2588707
|
intjewed |
None | -.3750211
.106758
-3.51
0.000
-.584263
-.1657793
Full-time |
.1018831
.125717
0.81
0.418
-.1445176
.3482838
|
jsocial |
.1134999
.0199092
5.70
0.000
.0744786
.1525212
chbackground | -.1332697
.0351709
-3.79
0.000
-.2022034
-.0643361
ugradactjew2 |
.8603571
.0864847
9.95
0.000
.6908502
1.029864
anyjcourse |
.4493474
.0902217
4.98
0.000
.2725161
.6261786
---------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------/cut1 |
-1.24213
.1656814
-1.566859
-.9174005
/cut2 |
.0812351
.1627979
-.2378429
.4003131
/cut3 |
1.314817
.1647915
.9918315
1.637802
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
31
Appendix E: Survey Instrument
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SLIFKA (2015)
Thank you for participating in Brandeis University's study of the ways young adults think about their religious and cultural identity.
The survey will take about 15 minutes to complete and when you are done you will receive a $20 Amazon.com gift card in
appreciation of your time. Your input is very important.
This survey is conducted by the Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies at Brandeis University. Your responses will remain strictly
confidential and only aggregate responses will be reported. Participation in this study is completely voluntary. We hope that you will
participate fully and honestly but you are also free to skip any questions that you choose not to answer.
To start the survey click on the "Next" button below.
There are 158 questions in this survey
About You
We'll start by asking you a few questions about yourself.
Do you currently live in...?
Please choose only one of the following:
United States
Another country (please specify):
What is the ZIP code where you currently live?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'United States' at question '2 [country]' (Do you currently live in...?)
Only numbers may be entered in this field.
Please write your answer here:
In what month and year were you born?
Answer must be between 01/1978 and 12/1994
Please enter a date:
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Are you...?
Please choose only one of the following:
Male
Female
Other
Are you currently a student in a degree-granting program at a college or university?
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
What level of schooling are you currently enrolled in?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '6 [student]' (Are you currently a student in a degree-granting program at a college or
university?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Associate's degree (AA, ADN, etc.)
Bachelor's degree (BA, BS, etc.)
Master's degree (MA, MBA, MSW, etc.)
Professional degree (JD, MD, etc.)
Doctoral degree (PhD, etc.)
Other:
What is the last level of schooling you have completed?
Please choose only one of the following:
High school or less
Associate's degree (AA, ADN, etc.)
Bachelor's degree (BA, BS, etc.)
Master's degree (MA, MBA, MSW, etc.)
Professional degree (JD, MD, etc.)
Doctoral degree (PhD, etc.)
Other. Please explain:
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Do you consider yourself...?
Please choose all that apply:
Heterosexual/Straight
Gay or lesbian
Transgender
Bisexual
Queer
Other. Please specify::
In terms of political views, people often classify themselves as "liberal" or
"conservative." Where would you place yourself on this scale?
Please choose only one of the following:
Extremely liberal
Liberal
Slightly liberal
Moderate
Slightly conservative
Conservative
Extremely conservative
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More About You
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We'll ask you a few more questions about yourself.
What is your religion, if any?
Please choose only one of the following:
Protestant
Roman Catholic
Unitarian
Jewish
Muslim
Buddhist
Hindu
Atheist
Agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
Do you also identify with any other religion(s)?
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
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What other religion(s) do you identify with? (check all that apply)
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '13 [relothidentify]' (Do you also identify with any other religion(s)?)
Please choose all that apply:
Protestant
Roman Catholic
Unitarian
Jewish
Muslim
Buddhist
Hindu
Atheist
Agnostic
Something else. Please specify::
ASIDE from religion, do you consider yourself Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Protestant' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Unitarian' or 'Muslim' or 'Buddhist' or 'Hindu' or 'Atheist' or 'Agnostic' or
'Nothing in particular' or 'Other' at question '12 [relnow]' (What is your religion, if any?) and Answer was 'No' at question '13
[relothidentify]' (Do you also identify with any other religion(s)?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Protestant' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Unitarian' or 'Muslim' or 'Buddhist' or 'Hindu' or 'Atheist' or 'Agnostic' or
'Nothing in particular' or 'Other' at question '12 [relnow]' (What is your religion, if any?) and Answer was 'Agnostic' or 'Atheist'
or 'Hindu' or 'Buddhist' or 'Muslim ' or 'Unitarian' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Protestant' at question '14 [relother]' (What other
religion(s) do you identify with? (check all that apply)) and Answer was 'Agnostic' or 'Atheist' or 'Hindu' or 'Buddhist' or 'Muslim
' or 'Unitarian' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Protestant' at question '14 [relother]' (What other religion(s) do you identify with? (check
all that apply))
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
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Have you ever formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '12 [relnow]' (What is your religion, if any?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '15 [norelnow]' (ASIDE from religion, do you consider yourself Jewish
or partially Jewish?)
-------- or Scenario 3 -------Answer was at question '14 [relother]' (What other religion(s) do you identify with? (check all that apply))
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
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What year did that conversion take place?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((convert == "1"))
Please choose only one of the following:
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
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2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Do you consider yourself to be...?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((relnow.NAOK == "4") OR (norelnow.NAOK == "1" or norelnow.NAOK == "2") OR (relother_4.NAOK == "Y"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Secular/Culturally Jewish
Just Jewish
Reform
Reconstructionist
Conservative
Orthodox
Other. Please specify:
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Your Activities
As an UNDERGRADUATE, how active were you in...?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 --------
Answer was 'No' at question '6 [student]' (Are you currently a student in a degree-granting program at a college or university?)
and Answer was 'Associate's degree (AA, ADN, etc.)' or 'Bachelor's degree (BA, BS, etc.)' or 'Master's degree (MA, MBA,
MSW, etc.)' or 'Professional degree (JD, MD, etc.)' or 'Doctoral degree (PhD, etc.)' at question '8 [degree]' (What is the last
level of schooling you have completed?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' at question '6 [student]' (Are you currently a student in a degree-granting program at a college or
university?) and Answer was 'Master's degree (MA, MBA, MSW, etc.)' or 'Professional degree (JD, MD, etc.)' or 'Doctoral
degree (PhD, etc.)' at question '7 [schooltype]' (What level of schooling are you currently enrolled in?)
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Not at
all
A little
Somewhat
Very
much
Don't
remember
Campus Jewish groups (e.g., Hillel, Chabad)
Campus Christian groups (e.g., Campus
Crusade for Christ, Newman House)
Other religious groups
Multicultural student groups
How active are you in...?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Associate's degree (AA, ADN, etc.)' or 'Bachelor's degree (BA, BS, etc.)' at question '7 [schooltype]' (What level
of schooling are you currently enrolled in?)
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Not at
all
A little
Somewhat
Very
much
Don't
remember
Campus Jewish groups (e.g., Hillel, Chabad)
Campus Christian groups (e.g., Campus
Crusade for Christ, Newman House)
Other religious groups
Multicultural student groups
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What was that other religious group?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'A little' or 'Somewhat' or 'Very much' at question '19 [undrgradjewact]' (As an UNDERGRADUATE, how active
were you in...? (Other religious groups
))
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'A little' or 'Somewhat' or 'Very much' at question '20 [undrgradjewact2]' (How active are you in...? (Other
religious groups
))
Please write your answer here:
As an UNDERGRADUATE, did you take courses specifically focusing on...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Associate's degree (AA, ADN, etc.)' or 'Bachelor's degree (BA, BS, etc.)' or 'Master's degree (MA, MBA, MSW,
etc.)' or 'Professional degree (JD, MD, etc.)' or 'Doctoral degree (PhD, etc.)' at question '8 [degree]' (What is the last level of
schooling you have completed?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Associate's degree (AA, ADN, etc.)' or 'Bachelor's degree (BA, BS, etc.)' or 'Master's degree (MA, MBA, MSW,
etc.)' or 'Professional degree (JD, MD, etc.)' or 'Doctoral degree (PhD, etc.)' at question '7 [schooltype]' (What level of
schooling are you currently enrolled in?)
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
No
Yes
Israel
Jewish studies
Hebrew language
In the PAST YEAR, how often, if at all, have you attended any of the following types
of religious services?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Never
Rarely
A few
times a
year
1-2 times
a month
Once a
week
More
than once
a week
Jewish
Christian
Interfaith
Other
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What was the religion of the other services you attended?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Rarely' or 'A few times a year' or '1-2 times a month' or 'Once a week' or 'More than once a week' at question '23
[services]' (In the PAST YEAR, how often, if at all, have you attended any of the following types of religious services? (Other))
Please write your answer here:
Do you believe in God or a universal spirit?
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
How certain are you about this belief?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Yes' at question '25 [pewgod]' (Do you believe in God or a universal spirit?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'No' at question '25 [pewgod]' (Do you believe in God or a universal spirit?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Absolutely certain
Fairly certain
Not too certain
Not at all certain
In the PAST YEAR, did you do anything to celebrate...?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
No
Yes
Rosh Hashanah
Passover
Purim
Christmas
Easter
Ramadan
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In the PAST YEAR, how often have you had or attended a special meal on Shabbat?
Please choose only one of the following:
Never
Sometimes
Usually
Always
How important is it to you to keep kosher?
Please choose only one of the following:
Not important
Somewhat important
Very important
Essential
If you were asked to read a text in Hebrew, how much would you understand?
Please choose only one of the following:
Don't know Hebrew alphabet at all
Can read the letters, but not understand the words
Some of what I read
Most of what I read
Everything I read
To what extent are the following Jewish-related activities meaningful to you
personally?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Not at all
A little
Somewhat
Very
much
Parties or social gatherings
Lectures, speakers, or classes
Cultural events (e.g., concerts, film screenings)
Social justice/activism events or activities
Shabbat meals
Religious services
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Currently, how many of your close friends are...
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
None
A few
About
half
Most
All
Jewish
Christian
No religion
Another religion
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Adults lived with
45
We'll now ask some questions about your household while you were growing up.
Which of the following best desribes whom you lived with from the time you were
born until age 18 or until you left home (whichever came first)?
Please choose only one of the following:
Lived with both mother and father in the same household
Lived with both mother and father in the same household until they separated; then lived exclusively with
one parent
Lived with both mother and father in the same household until they separated; then lived primarily with one
parent
Lived with both mother and father in the same household until they separated; then lived equally with both
parents
Something else. Please explain:
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How old were you when your mother and father separated?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Less than 1 year old
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
After your mother and father separated, did you {if((adultslw==2), 'exclusively',
'primarily')} live with...?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
adultslw.NAOK == 2 or adultslw.NAOK == 3
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother
Father
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Did your MOTHER remarry before you were 18 or left home (whichever came first)?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
adultslw.NAOK == 2 or adultslw.NAOK == 3 or adultslw.NAOK == 4
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
How old were you when your MOTHER remarried?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
mthrremar == 1
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was 1 year old
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
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Did your FATHER remarry before you were 18 or left home (whichever came first)?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
adultslw.NAOK == 2 or adultslw.NAOK == 3 or adultslw.NAOK == 4
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
How old were you when your FATHER remarried?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
fthrremar == 1
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was 1 year old
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
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With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left
home (whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND
those you lived with part-time.
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adultslw.NAOK == "-oth-"))
Please choose all that apply:
Mother
Father
Stepmother
Stepfather
Other adult 1. Please specify below.
Other adult 2. Please specify below.
Who was that {if(((adults_5.NAOK == "Y") and (adults_6.NAOK=="Y")), 'FIRST
other', 'other')} adult?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
adults_5.NAOK == "Y"
Please write your answer here:
Who was that SECOND other adult?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
adults_6.NAOK == "Y"
Please write your answer here:
Is your MOTHER still living?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_1.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
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Is your FATHER still living?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_2.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
Is your STEPMOTHER still living?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(fthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_3.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
Is your STEPFATHER still living?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(mthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_4.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
Is that other adult still living?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_5.NAOK == "Y") and (is_empty(adults_6.NAOK)))
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
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Is that FIRST adult still living?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(adults_5.NAOK == "Y") and (adults_6.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
Is that SECOND adult still living?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(adults_6.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
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Adults 2
52
We'll now ask you a few questions about the adults you lived with.
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
! is_empty(adultslw)
{if(livemom == 0, 'Before she passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livemom == 0,
'was' , 'is')} your MOTHER'S {if(livemom == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_1.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please describe:
ASIDE from religion, {if(livemom == 0, 'did' , 'does')} your MOTHER consider
herself Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Christian' or 'Atheist or agnostic' or 'Nothing in particular ' or 'Other' at question '52 [jewmom]' ({if(livemom == 0,
'Before she passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livemom == 0, 'was' , 'is')} your MOTHER'S {if(livemom == 0, '' , 'present')}
religion, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
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Ha{if(livemom == 0, 'd' , 's')} your MOTHER ever formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '52 [jewmom]' ({if(livemom == 0, 'Before she passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livemom == 0,
'was' , 'is')} your MOTHER'S {if(livemom == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '53 [noreligmom]' (ASIDE from religion, {if(livemom == 0, 'did' , 'does')}
your MOTHER consider herself Jewish or partially Jewish?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
How old were YOU when your mother formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '54 [convmom]' (Ha{if(livemom == 0, 'd' , 's')} your MOTHER ever formally converted to
Judaism?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was born
0 to 6 years old
7 to 13
14 to 18
19 or older
Thinking about your MOTHER'S parents, were either of them Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_1.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Neither mother nor father
It's complicated. Please explain:
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In what religion was your MOTHER raised?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_1.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
Was your MOTHER's upbringing...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_1.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Very religiously observant
Somewhat religiously observant
A little religiously observant
Not at all religiously observant
{if(livedad == 0, 'Before he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livedad == 0, 'was' ,
'is')} your FATHER'S {if(livedad == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_2.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please describe:
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ASIDE from religion, {if(livedad == 0, 'did' , 'does')} your FATHER consider himself
Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Christian' or 'Atheist or agnostic' or 'Nothing in particular ' or 'Other' at question '59 [jewdad]' ({if(livedad == 0,
'Before he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livedad == 0, 'was' , 'is')} your FATHER'S {if(livedad == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if
any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
Ha{if(livedad == 0, 'd' , 's')} your FATHER ever formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '59 [jewdad]' ({if(livedad == 0, 'Before he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livedad == 0, 'was'
, 'is')} your FATHER'S {if(livedad == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '60 [noreligdad]' (ASIDE from religion, {if(livedad == 0, 'did' , 'does')}
your FATHER consider himself Jewish or partially Jewish?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
How old were YOU when your father formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '61 [convdad]' (Ha{if(livedad == 0, 'd' , 's')} your FATHER ever formally converted to Judaism?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was born
0 to 6 years old
7 to 13
14 to 18
19 or older
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Thinking about your FATHER'S parents, were either of them Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_2.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Neither mother nor father
It's complicated. Please explain:
In what religion was your FATHER raised?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_2.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
Was your FATHER's upbringing...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_2.NAOK == "Y") OR (adultslw.NAOK == "1" or adultslw.NAOK == "2" or adultslw.NAOK == "3" or
adultslw.NAOK == "4"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Very religiously observant
Somewhat religiously observant
A little religiously observant
Not at all religiously observant
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{if(livestepmom == 0, 'Before she passed away, what' , 'What')}
{if(livestepmom== 0, 'was' , 'is')} your STEPMOTHER'S {if(livestepmom== 0, '' ,
'present')} religion, if any?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(fthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_3.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please describe:
ASIDE from religion, {if(livestepmom== 0, 'did' , 'does')} your STEPMOTHER
consider herself Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Christian' or 'Atheist or agnostic' or 'Nothing in particular ' or 'Other' at question '66 [jewstepmom]'
({if(livestepmom == 0, 'Before she passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livestepmom== 0, 'was' , 'is')} your STEPMOTHER'S
{if(livestepmom== 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
Ha{if(livestepmom == 0, 'd' , 's')} your STEPMOTHER ever formally converted to
Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '67 [noreligstepmom]' (ASIDE from religion, {if(livestepmom== 0, 'did' ,
'does')} your STEPMOTHER consider herself Jewish or partially Jewish?)
-------- or Scenario 3 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '66 [jewstepmom]' ({if(livestepmom == 0, 'Before she passed away, what' , 'What')}
{if(livestepmom== 0, 'was' , 'is')} your STEPMOTHER'S {if(livestepmom== 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
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How old were YOU when your stepmother formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '68 [convstepmom]' (Ha{if(livestepmom == 0, 'd' , 's')} your STEPMOTHER ever formally
converted to Judaism?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was born
0 to 6 years old
7 to 13
14 to 18
19 or older
Don't know
Thinking about your STEPMOTHER'S parents, were either of them Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(fthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_3.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Neither mother nor father
It's complicated. Please explain:
In what religion was your STEPMOTHER raised?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(fthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_3.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
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Was your STEPMOTHER's upbringing...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(fthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_3.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
Very religiously observant
Somewhat religiously observant
A little religiously observant
Not at all religiously observant
{if(livestepdad == 0, 'Before he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livestepdad== 0,
'was' , 'is')} your STEPFATHER'S {if(livestepdad == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if
any?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(mthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_4.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please describe:
ASIDE from religion, {if(livestepdad == 0, 'did' , 'does')} your STEPFATHER
consider himself Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Christian' or 'Atheist or agnostic' or 'Nothing in particular ' or 'Other' at question '73 [jewstepdad]' ({if(livestepdad
== 0, 'Before he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(livestepdad== 0, 'was' , 'is')} your STEPFATHER'S {if(livestepdad == 0, '' ,
'present')} religion, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
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Ha{if(livestepdad == 0, 'd' , 's')} your STEPFATHER ever formally converted to
Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '73 [jewstepdad]' ({if(livestepdad == 0, 'Before he passed away, what' , 'What')}
{if(livestepdad== 0, 'was' , 'is')} your STEPFATHER'S {if(livestepdad == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '74 [noreligstepdad]' (ASIDE from religion, {if(livestepdad == 0, 'did' ,
'does')} your STEPFATHER consider himself Jewish or partially Jewish?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
How old were YOU when your stepfather formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '75 [convstepdad]' (Ha{if(livestepdad == 0, 'd' , 's')} your STEPFATHER ever formally converted
to Judaism?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was born
0 to 6 years old
7 to 13
14 to 18
19 or older
Don't know
Thinking about your STEPFATHER'S parents, were either of them Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(mthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_4.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Neither mother nor father
It's complicated. Please explain:
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In what religion was your STEPFATHER raised?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(mthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_4.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
Was your STEPFATHER's upbringing...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(mthrremar.NAOK == 1) or (adults_4.NAOK == "Y")
Please choose only one of the following:
Very religiously observant
Somewhat religiously observant
A little religiously observant
Not at all religiously observant
{if(liveothadult1a == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')}
{if(liveothadult1a== 0, 'was' , 'is')} that OTHER ADULT'S {if(liveothadult1a== 0, ''
, 'present')} religion, if any?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.) and Answer
was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please describe:
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ASIDE from religion, {if(liveothadult1a== 0, 'did' , 'does')} that OTHER ADULT
consider him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Christian' or 'Atheist or agnostic' or 'Nothing in particular ' or 'Other' at question '80 [jewothadult1a]'
({if(liveothadult1a == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(liveothadult1a== 0, 'was' , 'is')} that OTHER ADULT'S
{if(liveothadult1a== 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
Ha{if(liveothadult1a == 0, 'd' , 's')} that OTHER ADULT ever formally converted to
Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '80 [jewothadult1a]' ({if(liveothadult1a == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')}
{if(liveothadult1a== 0, 'was' , 'is')} that OTHER ADULT'S {if(liveothadult1a== 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '81 [noreligothadult1a]' (ASIDE from religion, {if(liveothadult1a== 0, 'did'
, 'does')} that OTHER ADULT consider him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
How old were YOU when that other adult formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '82 [convothadult1a]' (Ha{if(liveothadult1a == 0, 'd' , 's')} that OTHER ADULT ever formally
converted to Judaism?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was born
0 to 6 years old
7 to 13
14 to 18
19 or older
Don't know
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Thinking about that OTHER ADULT'S parents, were either of them Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.) and Answer
was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Neither mother nor father
It's complicated. Please explain:
In what religion was that OTHER ADULT raised?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.) and Answer
was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
Was the OTHER ADULT's upbringing...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_5.NAOK == "Y") and (is_empty(adults_6.NAOK)))
Please choose only one of the following:
Very religiously observant
Somewhat religiously observant
A little religiously observant
Not at all religiously observant
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{if(liveothadult1b == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')}
{if(liveothadult1b == 0, 'was' , 'is')} that FIRST other adult's {if(liveothadult1b ==
0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.) and Answer
was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please describe:
ASIDE from religion, {if(liveothadult1b== 0, 'did' , 'does')} that FIRST other adult
consider him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Christian' or 'Atheist or agnostic' or 'Nothing in particular ' or 'Other' at question '87 [jewothadult1b]'
({if(liveothadult1b == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(liveothadult1b == 0, 'was' , 'is')} that FIRST other adult's
{if(liveothadult1b == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
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Ha{if(liveothadult1b == 0, 'd' , 's')} that FIRST other adult ever formally converted
to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '87 [jewothadult1b]' ({if(liveothadult1b == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')}
{if(liveothadult1b == 0, 'was' , 'is')} that FIRST other adult's {if(liveothadult1b == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '88 [noreligothadult1b]' (ASIDE from religion, {if(liveothadult1b== 0, 'did'
, 'does')} that FIRST other adult consider him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
How old were YOU when that first other adult formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '89 [convothadult1b]' (Ha{if(liveothadult1b == 0, 'd' , 's')} that FIRST other adult ever formally
converted to Judaism?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was born
0 to 6 years old
7 to 13
14 to 18
19 or older
Don't know
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Thinking about that FIRST other adult's parents, were either of them Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.) and Answer
was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Neither mother nor father
It's complicated. Please explain:
In what religion was that FIRST other adult raised?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.) and Answer
was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
Was the FIRST other adult's upbringing...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_5.NAOK == "Y") and (adults_6.NAOK == "Y"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Very religiously observant
Somewhat religiously observant
A little religiously observant
Not at all religiously observant
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{if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(liveothadult2
== 0, 'was' , 'is')} that SECOND other adult's {if(liveothadult2 == 0, '' , 'present')}
religion, if any?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please describe:
ASIDE from religion, {if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'did' , 'does')} that SECOND other adult
consider him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Christian' or 'Atheist or agnostic' or 'Nothing in particular ' or 'Other' at question '94 [jewothadult2]'
({if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')} {if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'was' , 'is')} that SECOND other adult's
{if(liveothadult2 == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
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Ha{if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'd' , 's')} that SECOND other adult ever formally
converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '94 [jewothadult2]' ({if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'Before s/he passed away, what' , 'What')}
{if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'was' , 'is')} that SECOND other adult's {if(liveothadult2 == 0, '' , 'present')} religion, if any?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '95 [noreligothadult2]' (ASIDE from religion, {if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'did' ,
'does')} that SECOND other adult consider him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
How old were YOU when that second other adult formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '96 [convothadult2]' (Ha{if(liveothadult2 == 0, 'd' , 's')} that SECOND other adult ever formally
converted to Judaism?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Before I was born
0 to 6 years old
7 to 13
14 to 18
19 or older
Don't know
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Thinking about that SECOND other adult's parents, were either of them Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Neither mother nor father
It's complicated. Please explain:
In what religion was that SECOND other adult raised?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was at question '41 [adults]' (With whom did you live from the time you were born until age 18 or until you left home
(whichever came first)? Please include ALL those you lived with full-time AND those you lived with part-time.)
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
Was the SECOND other adult's upbringing...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((adults_6.NAOK == "Y"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Very religiously observant
Somewhat religiously observant
A little religiously observant
Not at all religiously observant
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Siblings
70
How many siblings do you have, if any?
Please choose only one of the following:
None
1
2
3
4 or more
Thinking about {if(sibnum=='1', 'your siibling', 'the sibling that is CLOSEST to you
in age')}, is she/he...?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((sibnum.NAOK >= "1"))
Please choose only one of the following:
Protestant
Roman Catholic
Unitarian
Jewish
Muslim
Buddhist
Hindu
Atheist
Agnostic
Nothing in particular
Aside from religion, does this sibling consider her/himself Jewish or patially
Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Protestant' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Unitarian' or 'Muslim' or 'Buddhist' or 'Hindu' or 'Atheist' or 'Agnostic' or
'Nothing in particular' at question '102 [sibrel]' (Thinking about {if(sibnum=='1', 'your siibling', 'the sibling that is CLOSEST to
you in age')}, is she/he...?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, parially Jewish
No
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Your Upbringing
We'll ask you a few questions about your childhood.
When you were growing up, what languages were spoken in your home? (check all
that apply)
Please choose all that apply:
English
French
Hebrew
Russian
Spanish
Other:
When you were growing up, how close were you to your...?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Not close
at all
A little
close
Somewhat
close
Very close
N/A
Maternal grandparent(s)
Paternal grandparent(s)
Thinking about when you were a child, in what religion were you primarily raised, if
any?
Please choose only one of the following:
Protestant
Roman Catholic
Unitarian
Jewish
Muslim
Buddhist
Hindu
Atheist
Agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
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When you were growing up, did you also identify with any other religion(s)?
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
When you were growing up, with which of the following religions were you also
raised? (check all that apply)
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '108 [relraisedothidentify]' (When you were growing up, did you also identify with any other
religion(s)?)
Please choose all that apply:
Protestant
Roman Catholic
Unitarian
Jewish
Muslim
Buddhist
Hindu
Atheist
Agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify::
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ASIDE from religion, were you raised Jewish or partially Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Protestant' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Unitarian' or 'Muslim' or 'Buddhist' or 'Hindu' or 'Atheist' or 'Agnostic' or
'Nothing in particular' or 'Other' at question '107 [relraised]' (Thinking about when you were a child, in what religion were you
primarily raised, if any?) and Answer was 'No' at question '108 [relraisedothidentify]' (When you were growing up, did you also
identify with any other religion(s)?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Protestant' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Unitarian' or 'Muslim' or 'Buddhist' or 'Hindu' or 'Atheist' or 'Agnostic' or
'Nothing in particular' or 'Other' at question '107 [relraised]' (Thinking about when you were a child, in what religion were you
primarily raised, if any?) and Answer was 'Nothing in particular' or 'Agnostic' or 'Atheist' or 'Hindu' or 'Buddhist' or 'Muslim' or
'Unitarian' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Protestant' at question '109 [relraisedother]' (When you were growing up, with which of the
following religions were you also raised? (check all that apply)) and Answer was 'Nothing in particular' or 'Agnostic' or 'Atheist'
or 'Hindu' or 'Buddhist' or 'Muslim' or 'Unitarian' or 'Roman Catholic' or 'Protestant' at question '109 [relraisedother]' (When you
were growing up, with which of the following religions were you also raised? (check all that apply))
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
Thinking about your Jewish upbringing were you raised...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Jewish' at question '107 [relraised]' (Thinking about when you were a child, in what religion were you primarily
raised, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Secular/Culturally Jewish
Just Jewish
Reform
Conservative
Reconstructionist
Orthodox
Other. Please specify:
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When you were growing up, what did your parents tell you about what religion you
were?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
( ! is_empty(jewmom) and jewmom.NAOK != 1) or ( ! is_empty(jewdad) and jewdad.NAOK != 1) or ( !
is_empty(relraised) and relraised.NAOK != 4) or relraisedothidentify.NAOK == 1
Please write your answer here:
When you were growing up, did you have/celebrate your...
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
No
Yes
Bar/Bat Mitzvah
Jewish confirmation
Baptism
First communion
Christian confirmation
When you were growing up, did you or someone you lived with...
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
No
Yes
Regularly light Shabbat candles?
Regularly have a special Shabbat meal?
Hold or attend a Seder?
Celebrate Hannukah?
Keep kosher at home?
Give up an activity or food for Lent?
Have a special Christmas meal?
Decorate your home for the Christmas season?
Have a special Easter meal?
Fast during Ramadan?
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When you were growing up, how often, if at all, did you attend any of the following
types of religious services?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Never
Rarely
A few
times a
year
1-2 times
a month
Once a
week
More
than once
a week
Jewish
Christian
Interfaith
Other
What was the religion of the other services you attended?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Rarely' or 'A few times a year' or '1-2 times a month' or 'Once a week' or 'More than once a week' at question
'115 [childrelserv]' (When you were growing up, how often, if at all, did you attend any of the following types of religious
services? (Other))
Please write your answer here:
When you were growing up, which person had the greatest influence on your
religious identity? Please specify their relationship to you (e.g., my maternal
grandfather, etc.).
Please write your answer here:
In what ways did this person influence how you currently think about your religious
identity?
Please write your answer here:
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More About Your Upbringing
We'll now ask you a few more questions about your childhood.
During grades 1-12, for how many years, if at all, did you attend any FULL-TIME
parochial school or day school run by a religious group?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Did
not
attend
Less
than
1
year
1
year
2
years
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Jewish
Christian
Other
During grades 1-12, for how many years, if at all, did you attend any of the
following types of PART-TIME religious instruction classes or Sunday schools?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Did
not
attend
Less
than
1
year
1
year
2
years
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Jewish
Christian
Unitarian
Other
When you were growing up, for how many years, if at all, did you attend...?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Did
not
attend
1
year
2
years
3
4
5
6
7
8 or
more
years
Jewish overnight camp that had
Shabbat services or a Jewish
educational program
Jewish day camp
Christian overnight camp with religious
education or services
Christian bible camp (day camp)
Camp with other religious content or
observance
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During your high school years, were you a member of a...
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
No
Yes
Jewish youth group
Christian youth group
Other religious youth group
Did your grandparents make any financial contribution towards your Jewish
education (Day school, part-time Hebrew school, Jewish day camp or overnight
summer camp)?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
((dayschl_jew >= "2")) or ((sundayschl_jew.NAOK >= "2")) or ((camp_jewovr >= "2")) or ((camp_jewday.NAOK >= "2"))
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Yes
No
Don't know
Maternal grandparent(s)
Paternal grandparent(s)
During your high school years, how many of your close friends were...
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
None
A few
About
half
Most
All
Jewish
Christian
No religion
Another religion
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Your Views
We'll now ask you a few questions about your opinions.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements:
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Strongly
disagree
Disagree
Somewhat
disagree
Somewhat
agree
Agree
Strongly
agree
Getting to know someone of
another religion is generally
an uncomfortable experience
for me
I enjoy attending events
where I might get to know
people from different religions
I think of myself as
multicultural
I am comfortable entering a
Jewish place of worship
I am comfortable entering a
Christian place of worship
I have a strong sense of
belonging to the Jewish
people
It's important for me to have
friends with whom I can share
the experience of being
Jewish
I feel a responsibility to take
care of Jews wherever they
live
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Israel
We'll now ask you a few questions about Israel.
Have you ever been to Israel?
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
Have you been to Israel...
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '129 [isrwent]' (Have you ever been to Israel?)
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
No
Yes
On a Birthright Israel trip
On another organized peer trip during college
On an organized peer trip during high school
For a semester or year abroad program
For an alternative break service program
On a trip with your family
Other
What was your other Israel experience?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '130 [israelexp]' (Have you been to Israel... (Other))
Please write your answer here:
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Do you have...
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
No
Yes
Family in Israel
Friends in Israel
To what extent do you feel a connection to Israel?
Please choose only one of the following:
Not at all
A little
Somewhat
Very much
If someone asked you about the current situation in Israel, how confident do you
feel in your ability to give a good explanation?
Please choose only one of the following:
Not at all confident
A little confident
Somewhat confident
Very confident
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How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Strongly
disagree
Disagree
Somewhat
disagree
Somewhat
agree
Agree
Strongly
agree
Israel is a world center of high
tech innovation
Israel is part of God's plan for
the Jewish people
Israel is under constant threat
from hostile neighbors who
seek its destruction
Israel is guilty of violating the
human rights of the
Palestinian people
Israel was established as a
refuge for persecuted Jews
Israel upholds the social and
political equality of all its
citizens
Orthodox authorities define individuals as Jewish only if they have a Jewish mother
or have formally converted to Judaism. Israel uses Orthodox standards to
determine Jewish status. Are you personally...?
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
Not at all
A little
Somewhat
Very much
Familiar with the Orthodox definition of "who
is a Jew"?
In agreement with the Orthodox definition of
"who is a Jew"?
Offended by Israel's use of Orthodox
standards to determine Jewish status?
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Your Relationships
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We'll now ask you just a few more questions about you and your relationships.
Are you...?
Please choose only one of the following:
Never been married
Married
In a civil union
Not married but living together with a partner
Separated
Divorced
Widowed
Do you have a significant other?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Never been married' or 'Separated' or 'Divorced' or 'Widowed' at question '138 [marstat]' (Are you...?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
Is your partner Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Not married but living together with a partner' at question '138 [marstat]' (Are you...?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
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Is your significant other Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '139 [sigother]' (Do you have a significant other?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
How important is it to you to date someone Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'No' at question '139 [sigother]' (Do you have a significant other?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Not important
A little important
Somewhat important
Very important
How important is it to you to marry someone Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Never been married' or 'Not married but living together with a partner' at question '138 [marstat]' (Are you...?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Not important
A little important
Somewhat important
Very important
I don't plan on getting married
The following questions refer to your marriage and spouse.
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(marstat == "1")
These questions refer to your "marriage" and "spouse." Please answer them with
your civil union and partner in mind.
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(marstat == "2")
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In what month and year did you get married?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(marstat == "1" or marstat == "2")
Answer must be between 01/1990 and 12/2015
Please enter a date:
Did any of the following officiate at your wedding ceremony?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(marstat == "1" or marstat == "2")
Please choose the appropriate response for each item:
No
Yes
A rabbi or cantor
A non-Jewish clergy member
A non-religious officiant, such as a
justice of the peace or a friend
Another type of officiant
What type of officiant was that?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '147 [wedoff]' (Did any of the following officiate at your wedding ceremony? (Another type of
officiant))
Please write your answer here:
What is your spouse's present religion, if any?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(marstat == "1" or marstat == "2")
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please specify:
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ASIDE from religion, does your spouse consider him/herself Jewish or partially
Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Atheist or agnostic' or 'Nothing in particular ' or 'Other' or 'Christian' at question '149 [spcrelignow]' (What is your
spouse's present religion, if any?)
Please choose only one of the following:
Yes
Yes, partially Jewish
No
Has your spouse ever formally converted to Judaism?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '149 [spcrelignow]' (What is your spouse's present religion, if any?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '150 [spcnorelig]' (ASIDE from religion, does your spouse consider
him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish?)
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
In the process of converting
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In what year did that conversion take place?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
Answer was 'Yes' at question '151 [spcjconv]' (Has your spouse ever formally converted to Judaism?)
Please choose only one of the following:
1984 or earlier
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
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Thinking about your spouse's parents, were either of them Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(marstat == "1" or marstat == "2")
Please choose only one of the following:
Mother only
Father only
Both mother and father
Neither mother nor father
It's complicated. Please explain:
In what religion was your spouse raised?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
(marstat == "1" or marstat == "2")
Please choose only one of the following:
Jewish
Christian
Atheist or agnostic
Nothing in particular
Something else. Please describe:
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So that we understand correctly, could you please explain in what way your spouse
considers him/herself to be Jewish?
Only answer this question if the following conditions are met:
-------- Scenario 1 -------Answer was 'Jewish' at question '149 [spcrelignow]' (What is your spouse's present religion, if any?) and Answer was 'No' at
question '151 [spcjconv]' (Has your spouse ever formally converted to Judaism?) and Answer was 'Neither mother nor father'
at question '153 [spcjpar]' (Thinking about your spouse's parents, were either of them Jewish?)
-------- or Scenario 2 -------Answer was 'Yes' or 'Yes, partially Jewish' at question '150 [spcnorelig]' (ASIDE from religion, does your spouse consider
him/herself Jewish or partially Jewish?) and Answer was 'No' at question '151 [spcjconv]' (Has your spouse ever formally
converted to Judaism?) and Answer was 'Neither mother nor father' at question '153 [spcjpar]' (Thinking about your spouse's
parents, were either of them Jewish?)
Please write your answer here:
Do you have any children?
Please choose only one of the following:
No
Yes
How important is it to you to raise your children Jewish?
Please choose only one of the following:
Not important
A little important
Somewhat important
Very important
I don't plan on raising children
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Final Thoughts
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Since completing high school, what person or experience influenced how you think
about your Jewish identity?
Please write your answer here:
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Submit your survey.
Thank you for completing this survey.
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92
Appendix F: Interview Protocol
Preliminary Interviews
1. Where did you grow up? Who was in your household (s) in your childhood years?
 Were there any changes in your family during your childhood years such as losing or
changing a relationship with a parent or gaining parental figures through remarriage?
2. How did your parents describe their own religious identities?
3. How did your parents describe what they intended for your religious identity and upbringing?
 How clear was this intended identity to you when you were growing up?
 [If “partly Jewish” or “Jewish and another religion”] What did that look like on the
ground?
 What did your parents do to put that identity into practice?
4. What happened in your home while you were growing up that felt religious?
 What religious holidays were observed and how?
 Religious symbols?
 [If none of the above] Cultural celebrations or symbols?
5. What religious holidays did you celebrate outside or your house with extended family?
 In religious settings like synagogues or churches?
6. [If mix of religious celebrations] How did you understand how celebrating holidays from
different faith traditions fit with your religious identity?
 How did your parents explain it to you?
7. Growing up did you feel that you and your family were accepted by the Jewish community?
 By your Jewish extended family?
 When, if ever, did you feel like an outsider with Jews?
8. Growing up did you feel that you and your family were accepted by the [name of faith group]
community?
 By your [faith group] extended family?
 When, if ever, did you feel like an outsider with [faith group members]?
9. Outside of your immediate family, when you were growing up what were the Jewish influences
on you?
 Extended family members? Step parents or siblings?
 Programs/activities?
 Synagogue/church
 Friends
 Camp
10. When asked about your religious/ethnic identity at this point in your life, how do you normally
respond?
 [if nothing] do you consider yourself Jewish aside from religion?
93
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
 What are the terms you use to describe yourself
 What are the terms people use that annoy or offend you?
What are the most common ways that you express your religious/ethnic identity in your life
today?
What do you currently do that reflects the other parts of your or your parents’ religious
backgrounds? How do you understand how those customs fit into your current identity?
How, if at all, does a connection with Israel fit into your identity?
 Ever traveled to Israel?
What were the most important factors that lead you to your current identity?
 During your childhood years?
 During college?
 After college
How have your parents reacted to your current identity?
16. What are your current connections with your…
 Jewish extended family?
 [Other faith ] extended family?
17. In what settings or with which people are you less willing to share your religious identity? That
you grew up with intermarried parents?
 Are there any instances where negative reactions have kept you from participation in a
faith tradition or community?
18. What do you wish that the Jewish community understood about how you think about your
identity? What do they “not get”?
19. When you think about the future, how do you think religion will figure into how you would like
to raise any children you have?
The Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies at Brandeis University is a multi-disciplinary
research institute dedicated to the study of American Jewry and issues related to contemporary
Jewish life.
The Steinhardt Social Research Institute (SSRI), hosted at CMJS, uses innovative research
methods to collect and analyze socio-demographic data on the Jewish community.
Brandeis University