S..
'"
OFFICE OF THE SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT AND PROVOST
1119 Mam Administration Building
College Park, Maryland 20742-5031
301.405.5252 TEL 301.405.8195 FAX
June 14, 2013
MEMORANDUM
TO:
FROM:
Cheng-i Wei
Dean, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources
Elizabeth Beise
6J B
Associate Provost for Academic Planning and Programs
SUBJECT: Proposal to Modify the Curriculum ofthe Bachelor of Science in Environmental
Science and Technology (PCC log no. 12061)
At its meeting on May 3, 2013, the Senate Committee on Programs, Curricula, and
Courses approved your proposal to modify the curriculum of the Bachelor of Science in
Environmental Science and Technology. A copy of the approved proposal is attached,
The change is effective Fall 2013. Please ensure that the change is fully described in the
Undergraduate Catalog and in all relevant descriptive materials, including the program's four year plan (contact Lisa Kiely at lkiely@umd.edu for more information), and that all advisors are informed.
MDC/
Enclosure cc: William Idsardi, Chair, Senate PCC Committee
Sarah Bauder, Office of Student Financial Aid
Reka Montfort, University Senate
Erin Howard, Division of Information Technology
Pam Phillips, Institutional Research, Planning & Assessment
Anne Turkos, University Archives
Linda Yokoi, Office of the Registrar
Robert Gaines, Undergraduate Studies
Leon Slaughter, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources
William Bowerman, Environmental Science and Technology
• Please email the rest of the proposal as an MSWord attachment to pcc-submissions@umd.edu. .
IPCC
LOG NO.
'f061
• Please submit the signed form to the Office of the Associate Provost - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - for Academic Planning and Programs, 1119 Main Administration Building, Campus.
College/School:
Please also add College/School Unit Code-First 8 digits:
Unit Codes can befound at: https://hvpprod.umd.edu/Html Reports/units.htm
DepartmentIProgram:
Please also add DepartmentlProgram Unit Code-Last 7 digits:
Type of Action (choose one):
Ii"Curriculum change (including informal specializations) 0 New academic degree/award program o
Renaming ofprogram or formal Area ofConcentration 0 New Professional Studies award iteration o
Addition/deletion offormal Area ofConcentration o
Suspend/delete program
0 New Minor
0 Other
Italics indicate that the proposedprogram action must be presented to the full University Senate for consideration.
Summary of Proposed Action:
=========================================================================
APPROVAL SIGNATURES Please print name, sign, and date. Use additional lines for multi-unit programs.
1. Department Committee Chair
2. Department Chair
....I.-'''-''-~....:....:...'''----'~7----r,...,.i'-'W=-'''~e..:..~ .L"--_~_---,-e-=='r=-"£--""""''''-~--'---==---F---'-''''''''#--==--
-'--/lU:..../~'-'-1.7I';
"'"""y..::--=--.:-'-"'--'---=---,---,
4. Dean
5. Dean of the Graduate School (if required)
6. Chair, Senate PCC
7. University Senate Chair (if required) - - - - - - - - - f ' \ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
8. Senior Vice President and Provost
PROPOSED CURRICULUM REVISION
Undergraduate Program in Environmental Science & Technology (ENST)
INTRODUCTION
In 2006 the Department of Environmental Science & Technology was formed and in 2008 a new
ENST undergraduate program was launched. In 2009 the curriculum was formally revised and updated to address issues encountered during the first year following implementation. Since this previous revision we have added faculty and updated and created courses, necessitating further revision. Following our Learning Outcomes Assessment protocols, as well as discussions during faculty retreats, faculty conducted evaluation and assessment of each concentration of the ENST major. This process identified areas of course content overlap and gaps in the curriculum that need to be changed to better address learning outcomes.
Here we propose to modify some curriculum requirements to reflect changes to individual courses, course additions, and to strengthen each concentration. In particular, we are restructuring the Natural Resources Management concentration to increase rigor. The net result of these changes will better address student and employer needs in the field of environmental science and technology.
COURSE ADDITIONS, DELETIONS, AND CHANGES
The ENST undergraduate major has four concentrations: Ecological Technology Design,
Environmental Health, Soil and Watershed Science, and Natural Resources Management. The attached tables present a side-by-side comparison of the existing and proposed curricula for each of these four concentrations. Course changes are indicated by gray shading. The rows of both curricula are aligned so that deletions, additions, or changes can be readily identified.
Additionally, the number of required, elective, and General Education (GEN ED)/CORE credits are summarized at the beginning of the curriculum for each concentration. Here we first describe changes affecting all four concentrations, and then summarize the important changes for each concentration.
ENST Undergraduate Program: All Concentrations
We have modified our capstone and seminar requirements to exist in a new two-semester capstone sequence. Specifically, ENST 470 (Capstone, 4 cr) and ENST 398 (Seminar, 1 cr) have been officially converted into ENST 471 (Capstone 1,2 cr) and ENST 472 (Capstone II, 3 cr).
We propose to modify the curriculum to reflect these course changes.
Ecological Technology Design
1. Under the Depth category we are changing the course title of ENST 410 (Ecological
Economics) to "Ecosystem Services: an Integrated Analysis" to better reflect course content. This course has been taught using temporary course numbers (ENST 499J/689J) and the course approval request is being submitted to the AGNR PCC simultaneously with this proposal.
1
2. In the Computational Techniques category, we propose to change the requirement from choosing one of two courses (ENST 281 or GEOG 373) to requiring both.
3. Under the Applications criteria we have officially changed ENST 305 (Alternative
Energy) to ENST 415 (Renewable Energy) and propose to update the curriculum to reflect this change.
4. We propose to eliminate the AssessmentlMeasurement category and move the Water
Quality course (ENST 451) into the Applications category.
5. Also under Applications, we are no longer offering ENST 444 (Restoration Ecology) and propose to replace this with GEOL 453 (Ecosystem Restoration).
6. We have created a new course, ENST 477 (Design for Urban Water and Energy), and propose to include it in the Applications category.
7. We propose to change the Technology and Ecosystem electives to remove courses that are no longer being offered, modify courses that have changed, and add new courses.
Environmental Health
1. In the Concentration Depth category, we propose to add the choice ofENST 436
(Emerging Environmental Threats) to the existing requirement ofENST 434 (Toxic
Contaminants). This provides students additional choice in focusing their coursework on either human health or ecological health.
2. We propose to remove ENST 446, Human Health Risk Assessment, from the
Concentration Depth choices.
3. We propose to change the Ecosystem and Human Health electives to remove courses that are no longer being offered, modify courses that have changed, and add new courses.
Additionally, we propose to add a subcategory within Human Health electives called
Human Dimensions Area from which we would like students to choose one course (see table of courses for proposed Human Dimensions category).
Soil and Watershed Science
1. We fonnally changed the course title ofENST 422 (Soil Biochemistry and Microbial
Ecology) to Soil Microbial Ecology. This was the result of hiring a new faculty member who updated the course content. We propose to update the curriculum to reflect this change.
2. In Technical electives, we have fonnally discontinued ENST 308 (Field Soil
Morphology), which was a repeatable, variable-credit course. In its place we have fonnally created three I-credit levels ofField Soil Morphology (ENST 301,302, and
2
303). This change was made to make a series of courses that clearly built in a logical progression. We propose to update the curriculum to reflect this change.
3. Also in Technical electives, we propose to update the curriculum to add the choice of
ENST 309 (Advanced Field Soil Morphology), an existing course, to accommodate students who have completed introductory soil morphology courses and seek greater depth in this area.
4. We also plan to remove ENST 427 (Nonpoint Source Pollution Assessment
Techniques-a course we have discontinued) to replace it with a proposed new course
ENST 453 Watershed Science: Water balance, open channel flow, and near surface hydrology). Our goal with this change is to strengthen the watershed science emphasis of this concentration.
5. We also propose to add as a choice GEOG 373 (Geographic Infonnation Systems) because many employers view this as a valuable skill.
6. Under Breadth, we propose to add ENST 410 (Ecosystem Services: an Integrated
Analysis), ENST 432 (Environmental Microbiology), AREC 365 (World Hunger,
Population, and Food Supplies), GEOL 453 (Ecosystem Restoration), and ENST
407IPLSC 400 (Environmental Plant Physiology). The Breadth category did not include many courses previously, and we seek to strengthen this category.
Natural Resources Management
1. Under Science and Math Fundamentals, we propose to remove General Microbiology
(BSCI 223), introductory GEOL or GEOG courses (GEOL 100/110, GEOG 201/211), and Geomorphology (GEOG 340, GEOL 340). These are courses not included in the other concentrations as fundamental requirements. Furthennore, we are modifying the learning outcomes of this program and we seek to redistribute credits to other courses to reflect new program goals.
2. We propose to replace the Resources Economics category with an Ecosystem Services category, and relocate AREC 240 (Introduction to Economics and the Environment) to a new category, Natural Resources Breadth. Additionally we are removing the option to take AREC 332 (Introduction to Natural Resources Policy). We will requires ENST 410
(Ecosystem Services: an Integrated Analysis). Our goal with this change is to provide greater depth and rigor in the area of ecosystem services.
3. We propose to change the Government and Politics category to Human Dimensions, removing GVPT 273 (Introduction to Environmental Politics) and create 2 courses ENST
404 (Natural Resource and Environmental Ethics) and ENST 487 (Environmental
Conflicts and Decision Making) (see course descriptions in Appendix A). Natural
3
resource and environmental management and resource allocation involves working with public interests. Conflicts may reflect ethical concerns of user groups. ENST 404 will bridge natural resources and environmental management with ethical concepts, concerns, and strategies to resolve dilemmas. Conflict resolution through negotiation and adaptive management is essential for a natural resource manager. It is a qualitative skill that pervades every aspect of careers in environmental science. Therefore, ENST 487 will provide a crucial skillset to the foundation of this curriculum. We have investigated other
UMD course offerings and have found none that address the specific needs of these proposed courses.
4. We propose to move the existing Sociology category requirement SOCY 305 (Scarcity and Modem Society) to the new category, Natural Resources Breadth, where it will be an option with AREC 240 (Introduction to Economics and the Environment). We will then remove the Sociology category.
5. In the new Breadth category we propose students take 15-16 credits as noted in the table.
These courses ensure that students will gain exposure to several major areas related to natural resources management (GIS, fisheries and wildlife, forests, wetlands, watersheds, and scarcity of resources). In this category we also propose to add a new course, Applied
Forest Practices (ENST 406) (see Appendix A for course description).
6. As with the other three concentrations, we propose to adjust the electives to include new courses.
4
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
= Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM
EXISTING CONCENTRATION IN
ECOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY DESIGN
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
PROPOSED CONCENTRATION IN
ECOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY DESIGN
TOTAL CREDITS REQUIRED FOR THE B.S.
= 120 credits, including:
71-72 required major credits;
12 Technology and Ecosystem elective credits;
6·7 free elective credits; and
30 credits for CORE (including Introduction to Writing (3), Professional
Writing (3), Humanities and Arts (9), Social Sciences and History (9), and Human Cultural Diversity (3). CORE Sciences and Mathematics (9) are satisfied by major required courses. CORE Advanced Studies are satisfied by ENST 471 Capstone Practicum (4) and a non-ENST 300- or
400-level course (3)).
TOTAL CREDITS REQUIRED FOR THE B.S. = 120 credits, including:
69-71 required major credits;
12 Technology and Ecosystem elective credits;
7-9 free elective credits; and
30 credits for GEN ED (including Academic Writing (3), Professional
Writing (3), Oral Communication (3), Distributive Studies and I-Series (15] and Diversity (6). GEN ED Math, Analytical Reasoning, Natural Sciences and one of the required Scholarship in Practice requirements (16) are satisfied by major required courses. (Grandfathered CORE students also account for 30 credits).
ENST 200
ENST 233
ENST 360
ENST 389
~
-
-- - - - - - - -
Fundamentals of Soil Science
Introduction to Environmental Health
Ecosystem Ecology_
Internship in Environmental Science &
Technology
ENST398 Seminar in Environmental Science &
Technology
ENST 470
BSCl105
BSCI106
CHEM 131/
CHEM 132
Capstone Practicum in Environmental
Science & Technology
Principles of Biology I
Principles of Biology II
Fund. General Chemistry & Lab
CHEM 231/ Organic Chemistry I & Lab
CHEM 232
MATH 140 or Calculus I or
MATH 220 Elementary Calculus I
MATH 141 or Calculus II or
MATH 221 Elementary Calculus II
PHYS 121
BIOM 301
Fundamentals of Physics I
Introduction to Biometrics
4
3
4
(3)
(1)
(4)
4
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4-3)
(4-3)
4
{3}
Science and Math Fundamentals Required (48-50 credits):
ENST 200
ENST 233
ENST 360
ENST 389
Fundamentals of Soil Science
Introduction to Environmental Health
Ecosystem Ecology
Internship in Environmental Science &
Technology
ENST 471 Capstone I
4
3
4
(3)
(2)
ENST472 Capstone II
BSCI105
BSCI106
CHEM 131/
CHEM 132
Principles of Biology I
Principles of Biology II
Fund. General Chemistry & Lab
CHEM 231/
CHEM232
Organic Chemistry I & Lab
MATH 140 or Calculus I or
MATH 220 Elementary Calculus I
MATH 141 or Calculus II or
MATH 221 Elementary Calculus II
PHYS 121
BIOM 301
Fundamentals of Physics I
Introduction to Biometrics
(3)
4}
4)
(4)
(4)
(4-3)
(4-3)
4
(3
5
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
~
= Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM
ENST 405
ENST 481
ENST 410
Energy and Environment
Ecological Design
Ecological Economics
3
3
3
- - _ . -
--
- - - - - - - -
--~
---
-
- - - - - - - -
Choose 1 course from the list below - (3):
ENST 423
ENST 451
Soil-Water Pollution
I
Water Quality: Field and Lab Methods
--
-
--
-
Choose 2 courses from the list below - 6 credits:
ENST 452
ENST 443
Wetland Creation and Restoration
Industrial EcoloaY
ENST 305
ENST444
Alternative Enerav
Restoration Ecoloay lecnnoloQ] I:lectlves (at least tj credits 'J:
ARCH 450
ENST 281
ENST 305
Introduction to Urban Planning
Computer Aided Design in Ecology
Alternative Enemy
(3)
(3)
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Technology and Ecosystem Electives
Students will take approximately 6 credits each of Technology and
Ecosystem courses as electives to tailor their program to their specific interests (total
=
12). Example courses include:
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
Depth (9 credits):
ENST 405 Eneray and Environment
ENST 481
ENST 410
Ecological Desian
Ecosystem Services: an Integrated Analysis
Computational Techniques (2 courses~ credits):
ENST 281
GEOG373
Computer Aided Design in Ecology
Geographic Information Systems
I oml_u.....,8Rlj1 ...u...
3 eredita)i A8e f
Applications (2 courses-6 credits):
Choose 2 courses from the list below - 6 credits:
ENST 452 Wetland Creation and Restoration
ENST 443
ENST 415
Industrial EcoloaY
Renewable Energy
I
3
3
3
3)
(3)
3
3
3
GEOL453
ENST477
ENST451
Ecosystem Restoration
for
Lab·Methods
3
3
3
Technology and Ecosystem Electives
Students will take approximately 6 credits each of Technology and
Ecosystem courses as electives to tailor their program to their specific interests (total = 12). Technology Electives cannot be doublecounted as Ecosystem Electives, and vice-versa. Electives may not additionally satisfy other curriculum requirements. Example approved courses include:
Technology Electives (at least 6 credits\
ARCH 450 Introduction to Urban Planning 3
ENST41S l~bJe
.........
I
6
E~i~tinp and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
8fiijing = Addition, deletion, or change of required course
ENST 452
ENST 443
ENST 441
ENST 417
ENST 421
ENST 423
EXISTING CURRICULUM
Wetland Creation and Restoration
Industrial Ecology
Sustainable Agriculture
Soil Hydrology and Physics
Soil Chemistry
SOil-Water Pollution
3
3
3
3
4
3
ENST 499
GEOG 372
Special Topics in Environmental Science and (1-4)
Technology
Remote Sensing (3
GEOL 451
GEOL452
LARC 451
Groundwater
Watershed and Wetland HYdrology
Sustainable Communities
Ecosystem Electives (at least 6 credits 1):
BSCI362
BSC! 363
BSCI373
BSCI464
BSC1460/
BSCI461
Ecoloay of Marsh and Dune Veaetation
The Biology of Conservation and Extinction
Natural History of the Chesapeake Bay
Microbial Ecoloav
Plant Ecology & Lab
ENST 314
ENST 334
Fisheries Sustainabilitv and Management
Environmental Toxicology
ENST 422
ENST 430
ENST444
ENST 450
ENST 451
Soil Biochemistrv and Microbial EcoIoay
Wetland Soils
Restoration Ecology
Wetland Ecology
Water Quality: Field and Lab Analysis
Methods
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
(5)
4
3
(3)
3
3
3
(3)
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
ENST 452
ENST 443
ENST 441
ENST 417
ENST 421
ENST 423
ENST 453
ENST 499
Wetland Creation and Restoration
Industrial Ecology
Sustainable Agriculture
Soil Hydrology and Physics
Soil Chemistry
Soil-Water Pollution
Watershed Science: Water Balance, Open
3
3
3
3
4
3
(3)
Channel Flow. and Near Surface Hydrology
Special Topics in Environmental Science and (1-4)
Technology
GEOG 372 Remote Sensing (3
GEOG473 Geographic Information Systems and Spatial (3)
Analysis
GEOL451
GEOL452
Groundwater
Watershed and Wetland Hydrology
3
3)
Ecosystem Electives (at least 6 credits\
BSCI363
BSCI373
BSCI464
BSC1460/
BSCI461
BSCI467
ENST 314
ENST 334
ENST407
ENST422
ENST423
ENST 430
ENST432
ENST 450
ENST 451
The Biology of Conservation and Extinction
Natural History of the Chesapeake Bay
Microbial Ecology
Plant Ecology & Lab
Freshwater Biology
Fisheries Sustainability and Management
Environmental Toxicology
Environmental Plant Physiology
Soil Microbial EcolooY
Soil-Water Pollution
Wetland Soils
Environmental MicrobiolOOY
Wetland EcologV
Water Quality: Field and Lab Analysis
Methods
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
(3
(3
(3
(5)
3
(3)
7
E)(istin.9 and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
= Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM
ENST 460
ENST 461
ENST 462
ENST 479
ENST 499
ENST 452
GEOG 331
ENST 453
ENST 460
ENST 461
ENST 462
ENST 479
ENST 499
ENST 452
GEOG 331
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
(3)
3
3
2
1-6
(1-4)
8
~](i~tin~
and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM
1
Courses satisfying restricted elective requirements can NOT count for Technology or Ecosystem electives. Also, Technology electives cannot be double-counted as Ecosystem electives, and vice-versa.
EXISTING CONCENTRATION IN
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
TOTAL CREDITS REQUIRED FOR THE B.S. = 120 credits, including:
68-69 required major credits;
12 Ecosystem Health and Human Health elective credits;
9-10 free elective credits; and
30 credits for CORE (including Introduction to Writing (3), Professional
Writing (3), Humanities and Arts (9), Social Sciences and History (9), and
Human Cultural Diversity (3). CORE Sciences and Mathematics (9) are satisfied by major required courses. CORE Advanced Studies are satisfied by ENST 471 Capstone Practicum (4) and a non-ENST 300- or 400-level course (3)).
ENST 200
ENST 233
ENST 360
ENST 389
ENST 398
ENST470
Fundamentals of Soil Science
Introduction to Environmental Health
Ecosystem EcoloQY
Internship in Environmental Science &
Technology
Seminar in Environmental Science &
Technology
Capstone Practicum in Environmental
Science & TechnoloQY
Principles of Biology I BSCI105
BSCI106
BSCI207
BSCI223
Principles of Biology II
Principles of BioloQY III
General Microbiology
CHEM 131/ Fund. General Chemistry & Lab
CHEM 132
CHEM 231/ Organic Chemistry I & Lab
CHEM 232
(4)
4
4
3
4
(4)
(4)
4
3
4
(3)
(1 )
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
1
Courses satisfying restricted elective requirements can NOT count for Technology or Ecosystem electives. Also, Technology electives cannot be double-counted as Ecosystem electives, and vice-versa.
PROPOSED CONCENTRATION IN
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
TOTAL CREDITS REQUIRED FOR THE B.S. = 120 credits, including:
68-69 required major credits;
12 Ecosystem Health and Human Health elective credits;
9-10 free elective credits; and
30 credits for GEN ED (including Academic Writing (3), Professional Writ ng
(3), Oral Communication (3), Distributive Studies and I-Series (15), and
Diversity (6). GEN ED Math, Analytical Reasoning, Natural Sciences, an d one of the required Scholarship in Practice requirements (16) are satisfie d by major required courses. (Grandfathered CORE students also account for
30 credits).
Science and Math Fundamentals Required (56-57 credits):
ENST 200 Fundamentals of Soil Science
ENST 233
ENST 360
ENST 389
Introduction to Environmental Health
Ecosystem Ecology
Internship in Environmental Science
Technology
&
ENST 471 Capstone I
4
3
4
(3)
(2)
ENST 472 Capstone II (3)
BSCI105
BSCI106
BSCI207
BSCI223
CHEM 131/
CHEM 132
CHEM 231/
CHEM 232
Principles of Biology I
Principles of BioloQY II
Principles of Biology III
General Microbiology
Fund. General Chemistry & Lab
Organic Chemistry I & Lab
4
4
3
(4
(4)
(4)
9
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
'hading
=
Addition, deletion, or change of required course
CHEM 241/
242
MATH 140 or
MATH 220
PHYS 121 or
PHYS 117
BIOM 301
EXISTING CURRICULUM
Organic Chemistry II & Lab
Calculus I or
Elementarv Calculus I
Fundamentals of Physics I or
Introduction to Physics
Introduction to Biometrics
(4)
(3-4)
(4)
(3)
--
-
--
ENST 333
ENST 334
ENST 434
-
-
-
Ecosystem Health and Protection
Environmental Toxicology
Toxic Contaminants: Sources, Fate, and
Effects
ENST 445 or
ENST 446
Ecological Risk Assessment or
Human Health Risk Assessment
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
CHEM 241/
MATH 220
PHYS 121
PHYS 117 or
Organic Chemistry II & Lab
CHEM 242
MATH 140 or Calculus I or
Elementarv Calculus I
Fundamentals of Physics I or
Introduction to Physics
BIOM 301 Introduction to Biometrics
- ---- ----------- -
ENST 333
ENST 334
ENST 434
Or
ENST 436
ENST 445
-.-----
-- - ----
Ecosystem Health and Protection
Environmental Toxicology
Toxic Contaminants: Sources, Fate, and
Effects
Emeraing Environmental Threats
Ecological Risk Assessment
(4)
(3-4)
I
(4)
I (3
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
Ecosystem Health and Human Health Electives
Students will take approximately 6 credits each of Ecosystem Health and Human Health electives to tailor their program to their specific interests (total = 12). Ecosystem Health electives cannot be double counted as Human Health Electives, and vice-versa.
Ecosystem Health Electives (at least 6 credits):
ANSC 252
AOSC 200/
I Introduction to the Diseases of Wildlife
I
Weather and Climate & Lab
AOSC 201
AOSC 434
BSCI222
Ecosystem Health and Human Health Electives
Students will take approximately 6 credits each of Ecosystem Health and Human Health electives to tailor their program to their specific interests (total = 12). Ecosystem Health electives cannot be double counted as Human Health Electives, and vice-versa. Electives may not additionally satisfy other curriculum requirements. Example approved courses include:
Ecosystem Health Electives (at least 6 credits):
ANSC 252
AOSC 200/
I Introduction to the Diseases of Wildlife
I
Weather and Climate & Lab
AOSC 201
AOSC 434
BSCI222
10
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
Stiliaing = Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM
BSCI447
BSCI467
BSCI473
CHEM 271/
CHEM 272
ENST 421
ENST 422
ENST 423
ENST 430
Soil Chemist
Soil Biochemistrv and Microbial Ecolo
Soil-Water Pollution
Wetland Soils
ENST 421
ENST 422
ENST 423
ENST 430
ENST434
ENST 436
ENST 440
ENST 441
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
11
E)i(isting and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
StfIfji"D
=
Addition, deletion, or change of required course
GEOG 373
GEOL452
LARC 450
EXISTING CURRICULUM
Geoaraohic Information Systems
Watershed and Wetland Hydrology
Environmental Resources
3)
3)
3)
GEOG 373
GEOL452
LARC 450
PROPOSEDCUR~CULUM
Geoaraohic Information SYstems
Watershed and Wetland HYdrolo
Environmental Resources
Human Health Electives (at least 6 credits)
3
3
3
GEOG431
HLTH 140
HLTH 230
HLTH 371
HLTH 430
NFSC 4301
NFSC434
12
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
Stla(Ifftg = Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM PROPOSED CURRICULUM
13
**
Restricted - pennission required! meets at Shady Grove Campus
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
Shadll"!9
=
Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM
EXISTING CONCENTRATION IN
SOIL AND WATERSHED SCIENCE
TOTAL CREDITS REQUIRED FOR THE B.S. = 120 credits, including:
82-84 required major credits;
6-8 free elective credits; and
30 credits for CORE (including Introduction to Writing (3), Professional
Writing (3), Humanities and Arts (9), Social Sciences and History (9), and
Human Cultural Diversity (3). CORE Sciences and Mathematics (9) are satisfied by major required courses. CORE Advanced Studies are satisfied by ENST 471 Capstone Practicum (4) and a non-ENST 300- or 400-level course (3».
ENST200
ENST 233
ENST 360
ENST389
Fundamentals of Soil Science
Introduction to Environmental Health
Ecosystem EcoloQY
Internship in Environmental Science &
ENST 398
TechnoloaY
Seminar in Environmental Science &
Technology
ENST 470 Capstone Practicum in Environmental
Science & TechnoloQY
BSCI105 Principles of Biology I
~C1106 Principles of BioloQY II
CHEM 131/ Fund. General Chemistry & Lab
CHEM 132
CHEM 231/ Organic Chemistry I & Lab
CHEM 232
MATH 140 or Calculus I or
MATH 220 Elementary Calculus I
PHYS 121 or Fundamentals of Physics I or
PHYS 117 Introduction to PhYsics
~IOM301 Introduction to Biometrics
PLSC 100 or Introduction to Horticulture or
PLSC 101 Introductory Crop Science
4
3
4
(3)
(1 )
(4)
4
4
(4)
(4)
(3-4)
(4)
3
(4)
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
PROPOSED CONCENTRATION IN
SOIL AND WATERSHED SCIENCE
TOTAL CREDITS REQUIRED FOR THE B.S.
120 credits, including:
82-84 required major credits;
6-8 free elective credits; and
30 credits for GEN ED (inclUding Academic Writing (3), Professional Writ ng
(3), Oral Communication (3), Distributive Studies and I-Series (15), and
Diversity (6). GEN ED Math, Analytical Reasoning, Natural Sciences, an d one of the required Scholarship in Practice requirements (16) are satisfie d by major required courses. (Grandfathered CORE students also account for
30 credits).
Science and Math Fundamentals Required (53-54 credits):
ENST 200
ENST 233
Fundamentals of Soil Science
Introduction to Environmental Health
ENST 360
ENST 389
ENST 471
Ecosystem EcoloQY
Internship in Environmental Science &
Technology
Capstone I
4
3
4
(3)
(2)
(3) ENST472 Capstone II
BSCI105
BSCI106
CHEM 131/
CHEM 132
CHEM 231/
CHEM 232
Principles of Biology I
Principles of Biology II
Fund. General Chemistry & Lab
Organic Chemistry I & Lab
MATH 140 or Calculus I or
MATH 220 Elementary Calculus I
PHYS 121 or Fundamentals of Physics I or
PHYS 117 Introduction to Physics
BIOM 301 Introduction to Biometrics
PLSC 100 or Introduction to Horticulture or
PLSC 101 Introductory Crop Science
4
4)
(4)
(4)
(3-4)
(4)
3
(4)
14
~xistinp
~ujng and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
= Addition, deletion, or change of required course
GEOL 1001
GEOL 110
EXISTING CURRICULUM
I
Physical Geology and Lab GEOL 1001
GEOL 110
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
Physical Geology and Lab
ENST 427
Principles of Soil Fertility
Soil-Water Pollution
I Nonpoint Source Pollution Assessment
Techniques
Wetland Soils
ENST 411
ENST 423 eNST4~4
ENST 430
GEOG373
GEOL 451
Wetland Ecolo
Water Quality: Field and Lab Analysis
Methods
I Groundwater
15
GEOL 451
Wetland Ecolo
Water Quality: Field and Lab Analysis
Methods
Groundwater
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
$Jladlog = Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM
GEOL452
GEOG 340 or
GEOL 340
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
16
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
Shadiog
Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM
EXISTING CONCENTRATION IN
NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
TOTAL CREDITS REQUIRED FOR THE B.S.
=
120 credits, including:
69-71 required major credits;
12 Resource Management and Science elective credits;
7-9 free elective credits; and
30 credits for CORE (including Introduction to Writing (3), Professional
Writing (3), Humanities and Arts (9), Social Sciences and History (9), and
Human Cultural Diversity (3). CORE Sciences and Mathematics (9) are satisfied by major required courses. CORE Advanced Studies are satisfied by ENST 471 Capstone Practicum (4) and a non-ENST 300- or 400-level course (3)).
ENST 200
ENST 233
ENST 360
ENST 389
ENST 398
ENST 470
BSCI105
BSCI106
BSCI223
CHEM 131/
CHEM 132
-- - - - -
-- - - - - -
Fundamentals of Soil Science
Introduction to Environmental Health
Ecosvstem EcoloQV
Internship in Environmental Science &
Technology
Seminar in Environmental Science &
Technology
Capstone Practicum in Environmental
Science & TechnoloQV
Principles of Biology I
Principles of BioloQV II
General Microbiology
Fund. General Chemistry & Lab
CHEM 231/ Organic Chemistry I & Lab
CHEM 232
MATH 140 or Calculus I or
MATH 220
PHYS 121
Elementary Calculus I or Fundamentals of Physics I or
PHYS 117 Introduction to Physics
BIOM 301 Introduction to Biometrics
4
4
4
(4)
(4)
(3-4)
4
3
4
(3)
(1 )
(4)
(4)
3
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
PROPOSED CONCENTRATION IN
NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
TOTAL CREDITS REQUIRED FOR THE B.S.
=
120 credits, including:
68-70 required major credits;
12 Resource Management and Science elective credits;
8-10 free elective credits; and
30 credits for GEN ED (including Academic Writing (3), Professional Writ ng
(3), Oral Communication (3), Distributive Studies and I-Series (15), and
Diversity (6). GEN ED Math, Analytical Reasoning, Natural Sciences, an d one of the required Scholarship in Practice requirements (16) are satisfie d by major required courses. (Grandfathered CORE students also account for
30 credits).
Science and Math Fundamentals Required (45-46 credits):
ENST 200
ENST 233
ENST 360
ENST 389
ENST 471
Fundamentals of Soil Science
Introduction to Environmental Health
Ecosvstem EcoloQV
Internship in Environmental Science &
Technology
Capstone I
(4)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(2)
ENST 472 Capstone II (3)
BSCI105
BSCI106
Principles of Biology I
Principles of BioloQV II
(4)
(4)
CHEM 131/ Fund. General Chemistry & Lab
CHEM 132
CHEM 231/ Organic Chemistry I & Lab
CHEM 232
MATH 140 or Calculus I or
MATH 220
PHYS 121
Elementary Calculus I or Fundamentals of Physics I or
PHYS 117 Introduction to Physics
BIOM 301 Introduction to Biometrics
(4)
(4)
(3-4)
(4)
(3)
17
E~.i~tin~ lfiJdmg and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
Addition, deletion, or change of required course
GEOL 1001
GEOL 110 or
GEOG2011
GEOG211
GEOG3400r
GEOL340
EXISTING CURRICULUM
Physical Geology & Lab or
Geography of Environmental Systems & Lab
Geomorphology or
Geomoroholoav
(4)
(3-4)
- -
AREC240 Introduction to Economics and the
Environment
AREC 332 or Introduction to Natural Resources Policy or
ENST 410 Ecoloaical Economics
Government and Politics (3 credits):
GVPT 273 I Introduction to Environmental Politics
(4)
(3)
(3)
Ecosystem Services (3 credits):
ENST 410
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
Ecosystem services: an Integrated Analysis 3
Human Dimensions (5 credits):
ENST404
ENST487
Natural Resource and Environmental Ethics
Environmental Conflicts and Decision Making
3)
2) and Modern Socie I I
Natural Resources Breadth (15-16 credits)
GEOG 373 Geoaraphic Information Systems
ENST214 Introduction to Fish and Wildlife Sciences
ENST406
ENST450
ENST453
Applied Forest Practices
Wetland Ecology or
Watershed SCience: Water Balance, Open
Channel Flow, and Near Surface Hvdroloav
AREC240
SOCY 305
Introduction to Economics and the
Environment or
ScarcitY and Modern Societv
I I
3
3
3
(3)
(3-4)
Resource Management and Science Electives
Students will take approximately 6 credits each of Resource Management
Resource Management and Science Electives
Students will take approximately 6 credits each of Resource Managemen t
18
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
= Addition, deletion, or change of required course
EXISTING CURRICULUM and Resource Science electives to tailor their program to their specific interests (total
=
1(2)). Resource Management electives .cannot be double counted as Resource Science Electives, and vice-versa. This is not an exhaustive list of electives; other science and management courses can be substituted with advisor approval.
PROPOSED CURRICULUM and Resource Science electives to tailor their program to their specific interests (total
=
1(2)). Resource Management electives cannot be doubl ecounted as Resource Science Electives, and vice-versa. This is not an exhaustive list of electives; other science and management courses can be substituted with advisor approval.
Kesource Management I:leCtlVes (ti creOlts):
ANSC453 Animal Welfare and Bioethics
ANTH 450
AREC 365
Theory and Practice Environmental Anth
3)
3
World Hunaer, Population, and Food Supplies 3)
AREC445 Ag. Development, Population Growth and the (3)
Environment
BSCI363
BSCI366
ECON 315
ENST 314
ENST 405
GEOG373
ENST 434
ENST 440
ENST 441
GEOG 372
ENST 444
ENST 460
ENST 461
ENST 462
ENST 479
GEOG472
GEOG 473
The Bioloav of Conservation and Extinction
Biodiversity Issues in Conservation
Management
Economic Development of Underdeveloped
Areas
Fisheries Sustainability and Management
Energy and Environment
GeoaraDhic Information Systems
Soil-Water Pollution
Crops, Soils and Civilization
Sustainable Agriculture
Remote Sensing
Restoration Ecology
Principles of Wildlife Management
Urban Wildlife Manaaement
Field Techniaues in Wildlife Management
3)
(3)
(3)
3
3
3
3
3)
3)
3
3
3
(3
2
Tropical EcoloQY and Resource Management 3
Remote Sensing: Digital Processing and
Analysis
(3)
Geographic Information Systems and Spatial (3
Resource Management Electives (9 credits):
ANSC453
ANTH 450
AREC 365
AREC 445
BSCI207
BSCI334
BSCI335
BSCI363
BSCI366
ECON 315
ENST 314
ENST 405
Animal Welfare and Bioethics 3
Theory and Practice of Environmental Anthro 3
World Hunger, Population, and Food Supplies 3
Ag. Development, Population Growth and the (3)
Environment
PrinciDles of BioloaY III
(3
(4) Mammalogy&
Mammalogy laboratory
The BioloQY of Conservation and Extinction
Biodiversity Issues in Conservation
Management
Economic Development of Underdeveloped
Areas
Fisheries Sustainability and Management
Energy and Environment
3
(3)
(3)
3
3
ENST 434
ENST 440
ENST 441
Soil-Water Pollution
Crops, Soils and Civilization
Sustainable Agriculture
GEOG 372 Remote Sensing
ENST 444 Restoration EcoloQY
ENST 460
ENST 461
ENST 462
ENST 463
ENST 479
Principles of Wildlife Management 3
Urban Wildlife Management 3
Field TechniQues in Wildlife Management
Wildlife Habitat and Population Modeling
2
3
Tropical Ecology and Resource Management 3
3
3
3
3
3
(3) GEOG 472 Remote Sensing: Digital Processing and
Analysis
GEOG473 Geographic Information Systems and Spatial 3)
19
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
Shading =
Addition, deletion, or change of required course
GEOL437
LARC 450
LARC 451*
EXISTING CURRICULUM
Analysis
Global Climate Change: Past and Present
Environmental Resources
Sustainable Communities
3)
3)
1-6)
*Must take at least one other additional course, 6 credits of LARC 451 does not fulfill requirement.
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
GEOL 437
Analysis
I Global Climate Chance: Past and Present
LARC 450 I Environmental Resources
LARC 451*
PLSC 171
PLSC 201
PLSC 253
PLSC 471
I Sustainable Communities
I Introduction to Urban Forestl
I Plant Structure and Function
I Woody Plants for Mid-Atlantic Landscaoes I
I Forest Ecoloay I (3
*Must take at least one other additional course, 6 credits of LARC 451 does not fulfill requirement.
ANSC 252
ANSC452
BSCI360
BSCI362
BSCI373
BSCI374
BSCI375
BSCI440
BSCI441
BSCI442
BSCI462
BSCI463
BSCI464
BSCI467
BSCI473
BSCI481
BSCI493
ENST 308
ENST 414
ENST 421
ENST 422
ENST 430
ENST 450
Introduction to the Diseases of Wildlife
Avian Physiology
Principles of Animal Behavior
Ecology of Marsh and Dune Vegetation
Natural Historv of the Chesapeake Bay
Chesapeake Bay Laboratory
BioloQical OceanoQraphy
Mammalian Physiology
Mammalian PhysioloQY Laboratorv
Plant Physiology
Population EcoloQY
Laboratory and Field Ecology
Microbial EcoloQY
Freshwater Biology
Marine EcoloQY
Insect Diversity and Classification
Medicinal and Poisonous Plants
Field Soil MorpholoQY
Soil Morphology, Genesis and Classification
Soil Chemistry
Soil Biochemistry and Microbial Ecology
Wetland Soils
Wetland Ecology
4
4
3
3
3
2
3
2
3
4
2
4
3
3
3
3
2
3
4
3
4
3
1-2)
-
ANSC252 Introduction to the Diseases of Wildlife
ANSC452 Avian Physiology
BSCI360 Principles of Animal Behavior
BSCI362
BSCI373
BSCI374
BSCI375
BSCI440
BSCI441
BSCI442
BSCI462
Ecology of Marsh and Dune Vegetation
Natural Historv of the Chesapeake Bay
Chesapeake Bay Laboratory
Biological Oceanography
Mammalian Physiology
Mammalian Physiology Laboratory
Plant Physiology
Population Ecology
Laboratory and Field Ecology
Microbial Ecology
BSCI463
BSCI464
BSCI467
BSCI473
BSCI481
BSCI493
Freshwater Biology
Marine Ecology
Insect Diversity and Classification
Medicinal and Poisonous Plants
ENST 308
ENST 414
Field Soil Morphology
Soil Morphology, Genesis and Classification
ENST 421 Soil Chemistry
ENST 422 Soil Microbial Ecology
ENST 430 Wetland Soils
ENST 450 Wetland Ecology
4
4
3
3
3
2
3
4
2
4
3
2
3
4
(3
3
3
3
2
3)
4
3
1-2)
20
Existing and proposed changes to ENST Undergraduate Curriculum
= Addition, deletion, or change of required course
ENST 451
EXISTING CURRICULUM
Water Quality: Field and Lab Analysis
Methods
(3)
GEOG 345
GEOG440
Introduction to Climatoloav
Advanced GeomorpholoQv
GEOL444
GEOL451
GEOL452
PLSC 453
Low Temperature Geochemistrv
Groundwater
Watershed and Wetland Hvdroloav
Weed Science
3
3
4
3
3
3
PROPOSED CURRICULUM
ENST 451 Water Quality: Field and Lab Analysis
Methods
GEOG 340 Geomorphology
GEOG 345 Introduction to ClimatoloQV
GEOG440 Advanced Geomorphology
GEOL 340
GEOL444
GEOL 451
Geomoroholoav
Low Temperature Geochemistry
Groundwater
GEOL452
PLSC 453
Watershed and Wetland HydroloQY
Weed Science
(3)
3
3
3
4
4
3
3
3
21
Appendix A: Descriptions of Proposed Courses
ENST 404 Natural Resource & Environmental Ethics (3) Prerequisite: ENST
214 and ENST 360. Recommended: ENST 410. Senior standing or permission of department. This course bridges science and management with ethical theory and concepts to help scientists, regulators, and managers understand how to deal with potential ethical dilemmas that arise in natural resource and environmental management implementation and policy development.
*ENST 406 Applied Forestry Practices (3) Prerequisites: ENST 200 and ENST
360; or permission of department. Course is focused on the applied dynamics of a set of forest practices such as management, silviculture, measurement and inventory, and preparation of a management plan. Several field trips are included to gain hands-on experience.
ENST 487 Environmental Conflicts & Decision Making (2) Prerequisites:
Senior standing or permission of department. Course focuses on major case studies in environmental science with concentration on the role and techniques of adaptive management and negotiation as an environmental conflict resolution process.
*ENST is collaborating with PLSC to cross-list or create equivalency with this course and PLSC offerings.
22
From: Joseph H. Sullivan
Sent: Tuesday, February 26,20135:14 PM
To: Andrew H. Baldwin
Cc: Kimberly Monahan
Subject: RE: Request to revise PLSC courses included in ENST curriculum
Dr. Baldwin,
We are pleased to approve your request to add these courses as options in your revised programs:
PLSC 171 (Introduction to Urban Forestry)
PLSC 201 (Plant Structure and Function)
PLSC 253 0Noody Plants for Mid-Atlantic Landscapes I)
PLSC 471 (Forest Ecology).
I wish you success in your revisions!
Sincerely,
Joe
Dr. Joe H. Sullivan
Professor and Plant Science Curriculum Coordinator
Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture
University of Maryland
College Park, MD 20742
301-405-1626
301-314-9308 (FAX) jsull@umd.edu
23
From: Lars Olson [mailto:lolson@arec.umd.edu]
Sent: Thursday, March 07, 2013 9:33 AM
To: Andrew H. Baldwin; Lars J. Olson
Cc: Robert L. Tjaden Jr; William W Bowerman; Kimberly Monahan; Leon H.
Slaughter; Howard D. Leathers; Erik Lichtenberg
Subject: RE: ENST Curriculum Revision
Dear Dr. Baldwin,
AREC is pleased to provide permission to add AREC 365 as a breadth elective for students in your major. In addition, we are very happy to support the new course title and description for ENST410 - Ecosystem Services: An Integrated
Analysis, as well as the change in the category title in the Natural Resource
Management concentration from the current category title Resource Economics to your new proposed category title Ecosystem Services.
Let me know if I can be of any further assistance.
Best regards,
Lars Olson
Professor and Chair
Dept. of Agricultural and Resource Economics
University of Maryland
College Park, MD 20742-5535
301-405-7180
Director of Undergraduate-Studies, Department of
Geology
DEPARTMENT OF
Geology Building (#237)
University of Maryland
College Park, Maryland 20742
4211 USA
March29,2013
Andrew Baldwin
Department of Environmental Science and Technology
University of Maryland
College Park, MD 20742
Dear Dr. Baldwin:
This note is to affirm that Geology supports ENST's proposal to make the following changes to their undergraduate curriculum:
• To remove GEOL340 - Geomorphology from Natural Resources Management curriculum requirements and into the elective choices.
• To add GEOL 453 Ecosystem Restoration to the Applications category of Ecological
Technology Design, where students must choose 2 of 6 courses.
• To add GEOL 453 Ecosystem Restoration to the Ecosystem Electives category of the
Ecological Technology Design concentration (choose 2 of many)
• To add GEOL 453 Ecosystem Restoration to the Breadth Electives of Soil and
Watershed Sciences curriculum where students choose 6 credits of 40 credits of options
Our understanding is that this is likely to increase our enrollment in GE0L453 by
TOughly eleven students per offering.
Sincerely,
John W. Merck, Jr., Ph.D.
Director of Undergraduate Studies, Department of Geology
Associate Director, College Park Scholars - Science and Global Change
University of Maryland, College Park
301-405-2808
301-405-4379
25
DEPARTMENT OF
AT THE UNNERSITY OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
May 2, 2013
William W. Bowerman, PhD
Professor and Chair
Department of Environmental Science and Technology
Campus
Dear Professor Bowerman:
The Department of Geographical Sciences and the Department of Environmental Science and
Technology are working together to establish reciprocity in our curricula. DoGS supports
ENST's listing of GEOG373 (Geographic Information Systems) as a requirement, conditional on working out the fmal details. We also support the inclusion of GEOG415 (Land Use, Climate
Change, and Sustainability), GEOG431 (Culture and Natural Resource Management), and
GEOG473 (Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Analysis as electives in their programs, and we are working out the final details.
Please do not hesitate to contact us if you need further information.
Sincerely yours,
.('~.7
Martha E. Geores
Associate Chair and Associate Professor
(301)405-4050 mgeores@umd.edu cc: Chris Justice, Chair
Ronald Luna, Director of Undergraduate Studies
2181, Lefrak Hall, College Park, MD 20742
301-405-40S0 TEL; 301-314-9299 FAX
Thursday, May2, 2013 3:02:51 PM ET
Subject: Re: Bio support follow-up
Date: Thursday, May 2, 2013 2:57:13 PM ET
From: Joelle C. Presson
To:
CC:
Andrew H. Baldwin
Robert L. Infantino, Kimberly Monahan, William W Bowerman
Hello Andrew, CMNS is supportive of your proposals below and grant our approval.
Joelle Presson, Ph.D.
Assistant Dean
Undergraduate Academic Programs
College of Computer, Mathematical, & Natural Sciences
University of Maryland
1322 Symons Hall
College Park, MD 20742
301-405-6892
Dear Dr. Presson,
I'm writing from the Environmental SCience and Technology undergraduate program with a request. We're currently revising our existing curricula and hope to improve them in the following ways. (A draft of our curriculum revision is attached; changes to existing curriculum are shaded.)
We propose to add to Environmental Health concentration in the Ecosystem and Human Health electives area
BSCI330 (Cell Biology and Physiology) and propose to add B5CI422 (Principles of Immunology) and
BSCI 424 (Pathogenic Microbiology)to our Human Health Electives category (in Environmental Health), where students choose two courses from many. Additionally, we propose to add the courses BSCI 207 (Principles of Biology III) and BSCI 334/5 (Mammalogy & Mammalogy Laboratory) to the Resource Management
Electives of our Natural Resources Management curriculum. Given that these two ENST concentrations combined only have 65 students total, distributed evenly among four class ranks, and that the students have many other electives choices, we anticipate a negligible effect on your enrollments, probably on the order of 1-5 students each academic year in total for all of these courses combined.
If possible please let us know early next week as we are hoping to get the curriculum submitted next Thursday.
Thanks very much for considering this request. We are grateful to CMNS for teaching so many important courses that are part of our program!
With best regards,
Andy Baldwin
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