2/26/2013
Chapter 7:
Data Gathering
Anna Loparev
Intro HCI
02/21/2013
Data gathering
Key Issues
2
1
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Key issues
Setting goals
3
Key issues
Key Issues:
Identifying Participants
4
2
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Identifying Participants
Random sampling
5
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Identifying Participants
Stratified sampling
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper,
http://kotaku.com/5650591/then-why-we-still-got-ewoks,
http://simplicitymom.blogspot.com/2011/10/fishing-for-wookie.html
6
3
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Identifying Participants
Convenience sampling
7
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Key issues
Key Issues:
Relationship with Participants
8
4
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Relationship with participants
Clear and professional
9
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Relationship with participants
Informed consent form
• Confirm purpose
• Data use
• May withdraw
• OK to continue
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
10
5
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Relationship with participants
Data gatherer (You)
• Analyze data
• Share info
• Publish reports
11
Relationship with participants
Data provider (User)
• Privacy
• Social security
• Child protection
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
12
6
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Relationship with participants
Exception to informed consent
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
13
Relationship with participants
Incentives
14
7
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Key issues
Key Issues:
Triangulation
15
Triangulation
Data: Time
16
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper, http://simplicitymom.blogspot.com/2011/10/fishing-for-wookie.html
8
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Triangulation
Data: Place
17
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Triangulation
Data: People
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper,
http://kotaku.com/5650591/then-why-we-still-got-ewoks,
http://simplicitymom.blogspot.com/2011/10/fishing-for-wookie.html
18
9
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Triangulation
Investigator
19
Triangulation
Theory
Perceptual
Cognitive
Motor
20
10
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Triangulation
Methodology
21
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Key issues
Key Issues:
Pilot Studies
http://www.collegefashion.net/inspiration/movie-inspiration-fashion-inspired-by-top-gun/
22
11
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Data gathering
Data Recording
23
Data recording
Exceptions
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
24
12
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Data recording
Data Recording:
Types
25
Types
Notes plus still camera
26
13
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Types
Audio plus still camera
27
Types
Video
28
14
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Data recording
Data Recording:
Depends on…
29
Depends on…
Context
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
30
15
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Depends on…
Time
31
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper, http://simplicitymom.blogspot.com/2011/10/fishing-for-wookie.html
Depends on…
Sensitivity
32
16
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Data recording
Data Recording:
Affects…
33
Data recording
Detail
34
17
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Data recording
Intrusive
35
Types
Which to use?
• Notes (hand-written)
• Notes (typed)
• Audio
• Photo
• Video
▫ Fixed/Roving
▫ Where to point
▫ Impact of recording
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario
36
18
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Data gathering
Interviews
37
Interviews
Interview Types
38
19
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Interview Types
Unstructured
39
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Interview Types
Structured
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
40
20
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Interview Types
Semi-structured
41
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Interview Types
Focus group
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
42
21
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Interviews
Interview Planning
43
Interview planning
Develop questions
44
22
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Interview planning
Documents
45
Interview planning
Equipment
46
23
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Interview planning
Structure
47
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Interview planning
Time and place
48
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper, http://simplicitymom.blogspot.com/2011/10/fishing-for-wookie.html
24
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Interview planning
Prepare interview
• Goal
• Way of recording
• Open ended Qs
• Closed Qs
49
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario
Interviews
Running the Interview
50
25
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Running the interview
Comfortable and informed
51
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Running the interview
Listen
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
52
26
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Running the interview
Sympathy
53
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Running the interview
Enjoy
54
27
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Running the interview
1. Introductions
55
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Running the interview
2. Warm-up
56
28
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Running the interview
3. Main session
57
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Running the interview
4. Cool-off
58
29
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Running the interview
5. Closing session
59
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Running the interview
Perform interview
1. Introduction
2.
3.
4.
5.
Warm-up
Main session
Cool-off
Closing session
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario
60
30
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Data gathering
Questionnaires
61
Questionnaire
What and why
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper,
http://studentweb.cortland.edu/Karen.Jordan/miniproj3/election_questionnaire.html
62
31
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Questionnaires
Questionnaire Structure
63
Questionnaire structure
Start with demographic info
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper,
http://kotaku.com/5650591/then-why-we-still-got-ewoks,
http://simplicitymom.blogspot.com/2011/10/fishing-for-wookie.html
64
32
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Questionnaire structure
Order
65
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Questionnaire structure
Different versions
http://www.superrobin.com/free-gadgets/free-laptops
66
33
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Questionnaire structure
Clear instructions
67
Questionnaire structure
White space vs. compact
68
34
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Questionnaires
Questionnaires:
Q and A Format
69
Q and A format
Check boxes and ranges
https://37signals.com/holiday/01_finders/by_age.html
70
35
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Q and A format
Rating Scales: Likert
http://blog.mrmeyer.com/?p=261, http://www.hkadesigns.co.uk/websites/msc/reme/likert.htm
71
Q and A format
Rating Scales:
Semantic differential
http://www.wiscosurvey.com/webhelp/semantic-differential.htm,
http://archive.ajpe.org/view.asp?art=aj690597&pdf=yes
72
36
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Q and A format
Rating Scales: Issues
http://blog.mrmeyer.com/?p=261, http://archive.ajpe.org/view.asp?art=aj690597&pdf=yes
73
Q and A format
Questionnaire
• Check box
• Range
• Likert
• Semantic differential
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario
74
37
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Data gathering
Observation
75
Data gathering
Direct Observation in the Field
76
38
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Direct observation in field
Participation
77
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Direct observation in field
Data
78
39
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Direct observation in field
Acceptance
79
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Direct observation in field
Sensitive issues
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
80
40
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Direct observation in field
Perspectives
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper,
http://kotaku.com/5650591/then-why-we-still-got-ewoks,
http://simplicitymom.blogspot.com/2011/10/fishing-for-wookie.html
81
Direct observation in field
Include everyone
http://kotaku.com/5650591/then-why-we-still-got-ewoks,
82
41
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Direct observation in field
Notes
83
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Direct observation in field
Direct Observation in the Field:
Frameworks
84
42
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Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Simple example
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
85
Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
86
43
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Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Space
87
Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Actors
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper,
http://kotaku.com/5650591/then-why-we-still-got-ewoks,
http://simplicitymom.blogspot.com/2011/10/fishing-for-wookie.html
88
44
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Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Activities
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
89
Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Objects
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
90
45
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Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Acts
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
91
Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Events
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
92
46
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Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Time
http://xtrapics.blogspot.com/2011/08/blog-post.html
93
Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Goals
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
94
47
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Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Robson: Feelings
95
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Rogers and Bellotti
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
96
48
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Direct obs in field: Frameworks
Ethnography
97
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Data gathering
Other Methods
98
49
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Other methods
Direct observation in
controlled environment
99
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
Other methods
Indirect observation
http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Stormtrooper
100
50
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Data gathering
Choosing and Combining
Techniques
101
Choosing and combining techniques
Example
www.id-book.com
102
51
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Choosing and combining techniques
Think about
• Focus
• Participants
• Nature of technique
• Available resources
• Interview
• Questionnaire
• Observation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario
103
52