Chapter 8 Practice Questions
Cell Reproduction
Part I. Cell cycle. Name the phase of the cell cycle in which each event occurs (interphase,
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, G1, S, or G2).
1. Part of interphase in which DNA replication occurs. _________________
2. The chromatin shortens and thickens to become visible as chromosomes.
__________________
3. The centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell. ________________
4. The nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear. __________________
5. Sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite ends of the cell.
__________________
6. Part of interphase in which the cell performs most of its growth and activity.
___________________
7. The cell spends the majority of its like in this phase of the cell cycle. __________________
8. The spindle fibers form. ___________________
9. The chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell. ___________________
10. The nuclear membrane and nucleolus reappear. _________________
11. The chromatids turn back into chromatin. __________________
12. The cell membrane pinches in to divide the cell into two new cells.
Part II. Fill in the blank. Complete each sentence below with the word(s) that fit.
13. The sex cells are known as ____________. They have ___________ chromosomes in them.
14. The sex cells are produced during a process called ______________, in which cells with half
the number of chromosomes as the original cell are produced.
15. The male sex cell is known as ____________, and the female sex cell is known as a(n)
___________.
16. Before cell division can occur, the DNA must copy itself in a process known as
__________________________.
17. The ________________ are cell structures seen in animal mitosis but not in plant mitosis.
18. Females have two X chromosomes. Males have an X and a Y chromosome. These are
known as the __________ chromosomes since they determine gender.
19. A ________________ is a photograph of the chromosomes taken during cell division. It can
be used to determine the gender of a baby, and whether the child has certain genetic
disorders.
20. The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called ________________. They do not play a role in
determining gender.
21. In telophase in plants, the ________ ___________ forms to divide the cell.
22. In animal cells, the __________ ___________ pinches in to divide the cell during telophase.
23. A ___________ cell is more likely to survive than a ___________ cell because it is better
able to take in nutrients and get rid of waste.
24. A small cell has a larger _________ ________ in relation to its volume through which to
take in nutrients.
25. A small cell needs fewer nutrients due to its smaller relative _________.
26. Meiosis in males makes ________ sperm vs. the _______ egg(s) made during meiosis in
females
27. Two reasons why cells in your body divide are for ____________________ and
____________________.
28. Mitosis makes __________ diploid cells and meiosis makes up to ______ haploid cells.
29. Cells with two copies of each chromosome are referred to as (haploid/diploid).
30. Cells with one copy of each chromosome are referred to as (haploid/diploid).
31. Bacteria cells divide through a process called _______________ ______________, which
occurs without the use of spindle fibers or centrioles.
32. Mitosis makes cells with (the same/half/double) the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
33. Meiosis makes cells with (the same/half/double) the number of chromosomes as the parent
cell.
34. ___________________ chromosomes have the same genes.
35. A __________ is a genetic copy of another organism.
Part III. Meiosis vs. mitosis. For each statement below, identify whether it refers to mitosis or
meiosis.
36. Occurs in body cells, such as skin or bones.
37. Occurs in sex cells.
38. Makes eggs or sperm.
39. Makes haploid cells.
40. Makes diploid cells.
41. Produces cells that are identical to the parent.
42. Produces cells that are different from the parent.
43. Produces 2 cells.
44. Produces up to 4 cells.
Part IV. Asexual vs. sexual reproduction. Identify whether each statement below refers to
sexual or asexual reproduction.
45. Involves 2 parents.
46. Produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
47. Produces offspring that are different from the parent.
48. Examples include processes such as binary fission in bacteria, or regeneration in worms.
49. Involves the union of sex cells – eggs and sperm.
50. Involves only 1 parent.
Part V. Karyotype. Examine the karyotype below, read the information below, and answer the
questions that follow.
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Turner syndrome – A girl has a missing X chromosome
Klinefelter syndrome – A boy has an extra X chromosome
Down Syndrome – A child has an extra chromosome 21
Edward’s syndrome – A child has an extra chromosome 19
a. Is the baby a boy or a girl? How do you know?
b. Will the baby have any of the syndromes listed above? Which one, and how do you
know?
Part VI. Diagrams. For numbers 51-60, name the part of the cell. For numbers 61-65, name the
phase shown.