Chapters 2 & 3 Review Questions – Part I
1. The smallest particle of matter is defined as a(n) _____________.
2. When an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes a charged particle called a(n)
__________.
3. Match the three parts of an atom below to the appropriate charge and location within the
atom.
Proton
Neutron
Electron
negative
neutral
positive
energy levels
nucleus
4. A(n) _______ has more hydronium (hydrogen) than hydroxide ions.
5. An acid has a pH (greater than/less than/equal to) 7.
6. A(n) _______ has more hydroxide than hydronium (hydrogen) ions.
7. A base has a pH (greater than/less than/equal to) 7.
8. A neutral pH is (greater than/less than/equal to) 7.
9. In a(n) ___________ bond, the electrons are shared between the atoms.
10. In a(n) ____________ bond, the atoms become charged by gaining or losing electrons, then
are held together by an attraction between their opposite charges.
11. The cooking oil did not dissolve in the water because water is a _________ compound,
meaning it has charged ends, while the cooking oil is __________, meaning it does not have
charged ends.
12. Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and an atomic mass of 23. How many protons,
neutrons, and electrons does sodium have?
13. Draw the sodium atom, using the information from question #12.
14. What evidence did you see in the water lab that water is a catalyst for a chemical reaction?
(Think about what happened with the dry cream of tartar and baking soda vs. when you
added water.)
15. Two or more of the same or different atoms bonded together form a ____________.
13. Two or more different atoms bonded together form a ________________.
14. Why would neon, which has eight electrons in the second energy level, not form a bond,
whereas nitrogen, with only seven electrons in its second energy level, would form a bond
with another atom?
15. Water molecules tend to stick together, a property known as ______________.
16. Was the paper clip floating on top of the water? If not, what was holding it up?
17. What two properties caused the water to travel up the capillary tube in the lab?
18. Water molecules tend to stick to other things, a property known as ______________.
19. Look at the atom shown below. Based on the diagram, identify the atomic number, atomic
mass, and name of the element. You may refer to your periodic chart in your packet.
20. How many electrons can be held in the first energy level of an atom?
21. How many electrons can be held in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th energy levels of an atom?
22. Ammonia has a pH of 10. Is it an acid or a base?
23. Orange juice has a pH of 5. Is it an acid or a base?
24. Why would someone need to take an antacid? How would that help them?
25. ______________ neutralize small amounts of acids and bases.
Chapter & 3 Review Sheet – Part II
26. DNA and RNA are examples of _________________.
27. Carbohydrates and lipids both contain the elements ______________, _____________, and
_________________.
28. Proteins are made of ___________________
29. ______________ are made of nucleotides.
30. Examples of lipids include ____________________.
31. Sugars and starches are examples of _____________________.
32. Muscle, skin, and enzymes are examples of ______________.
33. Nucleic acids are important because they contain your ________________.
34. _________________ build living tissue and help in chemical reactions.
35. ________________ are a source of long-term stored energy.
36. Carbohydrates are important because they _____________________.
37. Meat, eggs, soy, and beans contain ___________________.
38. Fruits, vegetables, cereal, and pasta contain ______________________.
39. Lipids could be found in these foods: _____________________________.
40. Look on the following page. Label the following: monosaccharide, disaccharide,
polysaccharide, amino acid, saturated fat, unsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat.