Rise of Napoleon
And His Domestic policies
Rise to Power
Born Corsica 1769
 Military School education
 During Revolution was a artillery specialist
against Spanish and English Fleets
 Rose quickly in rank
 Appointed head of military by Directory
 Plots for power
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Rise to Power (continued)
Expedition to Egypt against England
 Coup d’etat against Directory
 1st Consul
 Plebiscite
 Campaign against Italy
 Coronation to Emperor Napoleon I
 Treatment of emigres (nobility)-amnesty
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Government
Four Branches-Council of State
 Tribunate
 Legislative Corp
 Senate
 All appointed by Napoleon
 No restrictions on background– Equal
opportunities!! – based on expertise.
 Highly paid centralized bureaucracy
 Creates prefects
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Code Napoleon
Legal reforms
 Men equal under the law
 Women lose status; politically & financially
 Lack of civil liberties; use of force OK
 Favored state interests over individual
 Divorce by mutual consent
 lack of free speech
 Fouche
 Treatment of the Press
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Concordat of 1801 (Pope Pius VII)
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Treaty w/ Vatican- ends Civil Constitution of Clergy
Investiture in hands of Napoleon
“Catholicism faith of majority of Frenchmen” allows
tolerance
Pope accepts ending tithe
RCC is a “Ward of the State”
State supervises- printing of Bulls; establishes
Catechism and seminaries; made Papal states a
“satellite of France”
Pope agreed to forfeiture of confiscated Church
lands from Revolution
Education
RCC no longer in charge
 Establish “lycees” to create good
bureaucrats
 Tuition based so only wealthy attended
 No primary education established
 Central bureaucracy to oversee schools
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Economics
Balanced Budget
 Continues assignats
 Law of Chapelier 1791- strengthen against
strikes-- state controlled
 Carry livret (ID)-listed occupation
 Bank of France- scandal
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