G ROWTH OF THE E CONOMY A FTER THE C IVIL W AR L ESSON 21
V
ISUAL
21.1
U.S. G
ROSS
N
ATIONAL
P
RODUCT
, T
OTAL AND
P
ER
C
APITA
,
1869-1900 ( IN 1958 PRICES )
Year
1958 Prices
Total Gross National
Product (GNP), in billions of dollars
GNP Per Capita, in dollars
$23.1
$ $531
1869-1878
(Decade average)
1879-1888
(Decade average)
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
42.4
55.9
62.6
61.3
67.1
68.6
74.8
76.9
49.1
52.7
55.1
60.4
57.5
774
819
900
865
930
933
1,000
1,011
795
836
856
920
859
Source: Adapted from U.S. Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970 (U.S. Government Printing
Office: Washington, D.C., 1975, Part 1), p. 224.
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OCUS
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CONOMICS IN
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NITED
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TATES
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ISTORY
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ATIONAL
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OUNCIL ON
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CONOMIC
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DUCATION
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EW
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ORK
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L ESSON 21 G ROWTH OF THE E CONOMY A FTER THE C IVIL W AR
V
ISUAL
21.2
G
UIDE TO
E
CONOMIC
R
EASONING
1. People choose.
2. Choices involve costs.
3. People respond to incentives in predictable ways.
4. People create economic systems that influence individual choices and incentives.
5. People gain when they trade voluntarily.
6. People’s choices have consequences that lie in the future.
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ISTORY
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CONOMIC
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G ROWTH OF THE E CONOMY A FTER THE C IVIL W AR L ESSON 21
V
ISUAL
21.3
P
ROTECTION
P
ROVIDED BY THE
U.S. C
ONSTITUTION FOR
I NTELLECTUAL P ROPERTY , P ATENTS AND C OPYRIGHTS
U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 8, Clause 8 (the Intellectual Property
Clause, also called the Patent and/or Copyright Clause): “Congress shall have the Power... To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.”
This clause of the Constitution generally protects the rights of authors and inventors to buy, sell or derive income from their writings and discoveries for a limited time.
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OCUS
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NDERSTANDING
E
CONOMICS IN
U
NITED
S
TATES
H
ISTORY
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ATIONAL
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OUNCIL ON
E
CONOMIC
E
DUCATION
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EW
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ORK
, NY
243