Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: H0472 / Konsep Sistem Informasi
: 2006
: 1
Pertemuan 1
Sistem Informasi pada dunia nyata
1

Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu :
• Menerangkan dasar-dasar dan pengertian konsep sisfo serta halangan dalam implementasinya
2

Outline Materi
• Difficulty of applying IT
• Work Concept Analysis
• Phases in building and maintaining systems
• IT in business function
• Obstacles when applying IT in Real World
3

Applying IT can be difficult to do
• Systems analysis and design is about understanding and applying methodologies to help create effective information systems
4

WCA – Work Concept Analysis
• Work Centered Analysis (WCA) as its applied to the Amazon case
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WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n Sl ide 1.2
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WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
CUSTOMER
Person who purchases books
Wholesalers that supply the books
Amazon.
com’s shipping department
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n Sl ide 1.3
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WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
PRODUCT
Information about books that might be purchased
Information describing each book order
Books that are eventually delivered
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n Sl ide 1.4
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WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
BUSINESS PROCESS
Major Steps:
•Purchaser logs on to www.amazon.com
•Purchaser identifies desired book or gives search criteria
•Purchaser looks at book-related information and decides what to order
•Purchaser enters order
•Amazon.com orders book from wholesaler
•Wholesaler sends book to Amazon.com
•Shipping department packages order and sends it to the purchaser
Rationale:
Instead of forcing book buyers to go to typical bookstores, permit them to use online access from home or from work.
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n Sl ide 1.5
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WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
PARTICIPANTS
People interested in purchasing books
Order fulfillment department of wholesaler
Shipping department of Amazon.com
INFORMATION
Orders for books
Price and other information about each book
TECHNOLOGY
Personal computer used by purchaser
Computers and networks used by Amazon.com for order processing
Sl ide 1.6
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©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n

Phases in Building and Maintaining
Systems
• Initiation
• Development
• Implementation
• Operation & Maintenance
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Phases in Building and Maintaining
Systems q e
I l t
T a
P i
I a
• Prototyping allows you to use
“successive approximation” to get closer to an optimum solution n n
M e
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Phases in Building and Maintaining
Systems
O n s a s
O n i a o d j c e h n p i e a l a l m
A y e n b t o i y m b t o l
D c n a T n i b e t n e l A i e e
C A y
R e j c
S T s n a
I t a o i
I f a
C e e n i s e i m
A y n s e n
I p n i
C b o
C C s
T i o e e n o b i n r s u l t r s u l I r m o u n e m
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IT-Based Innovations in Business
Function
• Product design systems
• Procurement systems
• Manufacturing systems
• Sales and Marketing systems
• Delivery systems
• Customer service systems
• Finance systems
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IT-Based Innovations in Business
Function
Table 1.3
Six Data Processing Functions Performed by Information Technology
FUNCTION: CAPTURE
Definition: Obtain a representation of information in a form permitting it to be transmitted or stored
Example: Keyboard, bar code scanner, document scanner, optical character recognition, sound recorder, video camera, voice recognition software
FUNCTION: TRANSMIT
Definition: Move information from one place to another
Example: Broadcast radio, broadcast television via regional transmitters, cable TV, satellite broadcasts, telephone networks, data transmission networks for moving business data, fiber optic cable, fax machine, electronic mail, voice mail, internet
FUNCTION: STORE
Definition: Move information to a specific place for later retrieval
Example: Paper, computer tape, floppy disk, hard disk, optical disk,
CD-ROM, flash memory
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n Sl ide 1.12
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IT-Based Innovations in Business
Function
Table 1.3
Six Data Processing Functions Performed by Information Technology
FUNCTION: RETRIEVE
Definition: Find the specific information that is currently needed
Example: Paper, computer tape, floppy disk, hard disk, optical disk,
CD-ROM, flash memory
FUNCTION: MANIPULATE
Definition: Create new information from existing information through summarizing, sorting, rearranging, reformatting, or other types of calculations
Example: Computer (plus software)
FUNCTION: DISPLAY
Definition: Show information to a person
Example: Laser printer, computer screen
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n Sl ide 1.13
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Obstacles when Applying IT in the “Real
World”
• Unrealistic expectations
• Difficulty in building and modifying systems
• Difficulty in interfacing/integrating systems
• Organizational inertia/change management
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It is really hard to predict the future in
IT
• What about Bill Gates, stating that no one would ever need more than 640KB of memory on a PC?
• What type of PC do you think you’ll be using in 5 years?
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Dell Computer Case
• What role does information technology play in running Dell’s business?
• Dell has moves toward a “virtual value chain.” What is this? What are the pros and cons of this approach?
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WCA - concept
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n Sl ide 1.2
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WCA – Work Concept Analysis
Table 1.1
Amazon.com Provides a New Way to Shop for Books
©1999 Addison Wesle y Longma n Sl ide 1.2
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