Chem 3550
Chapter 16:
Production of NADH and NADPH: The
Citric Acid Cycle, the Glyoxylate Cycle
(Skip), and the Pentose Phosphate
Pathway
• Technically, not part of the CAC -- but produces substrate CAC
• E3 is also found in -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
At least know that the 3 compoments are E1, E2, and E3
Intricate Details of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
These reactions take place in the mitochondrial matrix
Product of glycolysis
Transported into matrix
Thioester
High Energy
Intermediate
Derived from Vitamin B1 -- see Table 6.1 on page 166.
Lipoamide -- a key component of E2
Acetyl-CoA -- a high E compound
Hydrolysis of this compound produces significant amount of free energy
Structure of Coenzyme A (don’t have to memorize!)
Coenzyme A (abbrev. CoASH) has role in carrying acetyl or acyl groups
Coenzyme A does not cross biological membranes
NAD+ is an oxidizing agent, typically to oxidize alcohols
NADH is a reducing agent, typically to reduce ketones and aldehydes
Structure of NAD+ -- don’t have to know!
Oxidized
Reduced
form
form
Typically involved in oxidizing alkanes