MODERN CHINA REVIEW SHEET
The People’s Republic of China
Identify the following people:
German philosopher; Invented communism
Karl Marx
Deng
Xiaoping
(Chapter 16 Section 1)
Mao’s successor
Identify the following terms:
People’s
Full name for communist China
Republic of
China
Industrial working class
Proletariat
Totalitarian Government controls all aspect of life
state
Information that is spread to support or damage a cause
Propaganda
Explain:
Mao’s
goals
How Mao
restored
order
How Mao
united
China
Oppose capitalism
Unite China
Self sufficient
Restore order
Modernize
New constitution
Established totalitarian government
Establish communism (government control over economy)
Promised to improve life of the poor
Made everyone equal
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Economic Development
(Chapter 16 Section 2)
Identify:
Collective
Peasants group together their land and tools to make it more efficient
Farms
Students and youth who promoted Mao and his ideas during Cultural
Revolution
Red Guard
Mao’s widow; promoted Cultural Revolution
Jiang Qing
Responsibility
system
Families responsible for providing for themselves
Several villages grouped and working together
Commune
Free market economy; opposite to communism
Capitalism
Goal/Purpose
Encourage discussion about communism to
make it better
Outcome
Failed – too much
criticism
Great Leap
Forward
Modernization
Failed – disorganized, no
modernization, famine
Cultural
Revolution
Promote revolutionary spirit among youth
Failed – out of control,
many jailed or killed,
Lost Generation
Moderately successful,
but congestion &
pollution
Hundred
Flowers
Four
Deng’s programs to modernize China
Modernizations
Economic
Policies
Mao
Modernize China
Self-sufficiency
Pure communism
EPIC FAILURE
Deng
More practical method of
modernization
Foreign investment
Increased market economy
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Changing Patterns of Live
Compare:
Traditional China
1. joint family, young marriages
Modern China
1. nuclear family, later marriages
Family
Life
2. respect for elders, ancestor worship
2. faith in youth
1. arranged marriages
1. choose husband
2. inferior, no rights
2. equal rights under the law
Role of
Women
(Chapter 16 Section 3)
How did the Communists try to create a classless society? Were they successful? Why
or why not?
Did away with landowning class, outlawed private property, but a new elite class merged
– people in Communist Party had more privileges
How has the Communists effort to replace Chinese traditions met with mixed success?
Influence of family has decreased
Outlawed traditional religions
Promote simplicity in burial rituals
BUT Still respect for elders
BUT still hired priests to carry out rituals
BUT Still scrap together $ for expensive burial
Why has China adopted a one-child-per-family policy and how do they enforce it?
China is afraid that there is not enough food or resources to support and growing
population, tax families that have more than one, force abortions during pregnancy
Why have Communists stressed literacy? What have they done to make this easier?
Modernization will happen more easily – need to educate workers in modern industrial
society
Made language easier by simplifying characters
Compare Confucian and Communist ideologies
Confucian
Communist
Class society
Classless society
Superior/inferior
Everyone equal
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China and the World
(Chapter 16 Section 4)
Explain the events of Tiananmen Square. Who? What? When? Why? Etc.
Students gathered in 1989 to promote more freedoms (especially speech) and democracy;
the government stopped the demonstrations with violence
Explain China’s Relationship with the following:
Location
Relationship
Nationalists fled to Taiwan, technically it is part of China, but runs a separate
Taiwan
government and economy ; occasionally China threatens to attack to prove it
owns Taiwan; US will not allow attack, but believes it is part of china
Hong
Kong
Was part of Britain, now part of China but separated
When China’s economy is fully developed, HK will be full part of China
Japan
China gets technology, Japan has a marketplace to sell its technology
China still has anger about Japan’s attacks of WWII
China supported N. Vietnamese communists
Vietnam
Soviet
Union
Relationship started out good, but became strained, especially when competed
for power and allies in Asia
US imports (buys) more from China than it exports (sells) to China
United
States
Why did China find many supporters in the Third World (developing nations)?
Gives aid and money to help countries grow and choose communism
How did China’s relationship with Western nations change during the 1970s?
Opened up to western nations, increased trade relationships
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