Level 2 Integrated Science
Lab Procedures and Safety
Big
Ideas
A. Lab
Procedures
and Safety
Essential
Questions
Concepts
Competencies
What lab methods
are necessary to
insure Accuracy &
Precision?
1. Accuracy &
Precision are
required skills for
sound data.
Do all physics
problem solving and
graphing throughout
the year.
What is the
difference
between
Qualitative and
Quantitative
Measurement?
2. Scientific Notation
is necessary for
displaying very large
and small numbers
in a concise format.
Accurately graph and
interpret data.
What is Scientific
Notation?
3. Graphing data
may be necessary to
see relationships
between variables.
4. Observations of
matter can be
qualitative,
quantitative, direct, or
indirect.
Convert quantities
using scientific
notation.
Standards /
Eligible
Content
Textbook Duration
Chapters
S11.A.1.3.1
n/a
1 Week
Scientific Method
Big
Ideas
B. Scientific
Method
Essential
Questions
What are the
steps of the
scientific
method?
How do you
carry out an
experiment to
test a
hypothesis?
What factors
must be
considered when
designing an
experiment?
Concepts
1. The Scientific
Method is a
systematic and
orderly process for
answering
questions.
2. Each experiment
needs a control
and a variable to
appropriately test a
hypothesis.
3. Experiments
should be carried
out repeatedly and
with different test
groups to create
accurate results.
Competencies
Compare and
contrast scientific
theories.
Identify questions
and concepts that
guide scientific
investigations.
Formulate and revise
explanations and
models using logic
and evidence.
Apply the steps of the
scientific method to a
given problem.
Create a testable
hypothesis.
Design an
experiment using
parameters that
accurately test the
hypothesis.
Standards /
Eligible
Content
Textbook Duration
Chapters
S11.A.1.1.1
S11.A.1.1.2
S11.A.1.1.3
S11.A.1.1.4
n/a
3 weeks
Properties of Matter
Big
Ideas
Essential
Questions
C.
Properties of
MatterChemistry is
the study of
matter and
the changes
it undergoes.
Why are
changes in
matter
accompanied
by changes in
energy?
Concepts
1. Everything can be
classified as matter,
energy, or space.
2. Mixtures can be
separated by
physical means
because the different
components have
What are the
different properties.
changes that
3. Some physical
matter can
properties that
undergo?
characterize matter
include: density,
How is matter
melting point, boiling
characterized?
point, volume, and
conductivity.
4. Properties of matter
can be explained by
atomic or molecular
structure.
5. Matter exists
naturally in 3 states
on earth: solid,
liquid, and gas.
6. All matter can be
classified as either a
pure substance or a
Competencies
Standards /
Eligible
Content
Explain the structure
of matter, its
properties, and what
happens when one
material comes into
contact with another.
S11.C.1.1.1
S11.C.1.1.2
S11.C.1.1.3
S11.C.1.1.4
S11.A.1.1.2
S11.A.1.1.4
S11.A.1.3.1
S11.A.1.3.2
Conduct safe, inquirybased investigations
to observe
endothermic and
exothermic chemical
reactions, measure
temperature, volume,
and mass, and form
conclusions based on
experimental
evidence.
Use models to
demonstrate
understanding of the
attractive forces
between atoms.
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Wilbraham, 3 weeks
A. C.
(2005).
Prentice
Hall
Chemistry .
Upper
Saddle
River, N.J.:
Prentice
Hall.
Sections:
2.1, 2.2,
2.3
mixture.
7. Solutions,
suspensions, and
colloids are three
types of mixtures
which contain two or
more pure
substances that can
be separated by
physical means.
8. Changes in
temperature are
accompanied by
changes in kinetic
energy which can
result in changes in
the states of matter.
9. All matter is made
up of atoms.
10. Atoms are the
smallest pieces of an
element that still
retain the properties
of that element.
11. Physical properties
of matter can be
classified as
intensive (like
density) or extensive
(like mass).
Atomic Theory
Big
Ideas
D. Atomic
Theory is the
foundation of
the study of
chemistry.
Essential
Questions
Concepts
In what ways has 1. Everything can be
the theory of the
classified as
atom changed
matter, energy, or
over time due to
space.
technological
improvements?
2. All matter is made
of atoms, which
consist of
How are
protons, neutrons,
subatomic
and electrons that
particles
are identifiable by
arranged within
location, mass,
an atom?
and charge.
How do
3. Electrons occupy
subatomic
various energy
particles behave
levels within the
in the atom?
atom, each of
which can hold a
maximum number
of electrons.
4. The octet rule
guides the
formation of
chemical bonds
because atoms
Competencies
Standards /
Eligible
Content
Explain the structure
of matter, its
properties, and what
happens when one
material comes into
contact with another.
S11.C.1.1.1
S11.C.1.1.2
S11.C.1.1.3
S11.C.1.1.4
Demonstrate how
changes in matter are
accompanied by
changes in energy.
Explain the
arrangement of
electrons around the
nucleus of an atom.
Explain the various
parts of an atom
given the atomic
symbol, including the
number of electrons,
protons, neutrons,
atomic mass and the
ion that will be formed
Explain why noble
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Wilbraham, 3 weeks
A. C.
(2005).
Prentice
Hall
Chemistry .
Upper
Saddle
River, N.J.:
Prentice
Hall.
Sections:
5.1, 5.2
gain, share, or
lose electrons to
achieve stability.
5. Atoms are made
up of smaller
particles,
including protons,
neutrons,
electrons, quarks,
etc.
6. Isotopes are
atoms of the
same element
with different
numbers of
neutrons.
7. The theory of the
atom has
changed over
time because of
improvements in
technology.
gases are inert.
Periodic Table
Big
Ideas
E. Periodic
TablePeriodic
trends in the
properties of
atoms allow
for the
prediction of
physical and
chemical
properties.
Essential
Questions
Concepts
Competencies
Standards /
Eligible
Content
What patterns
in the
properties of
the elements
contribute to
the layout of
the periodic
table?
1. Elements within
the same family on
the periodic table
have similar
chemical
properties
because of similar
atomic structure.
2. Average atomic
masses of the
elements are
reported on the
periodic table.
3. Electrons are
found in quantized
energy levels
within the atom.
4. Chemical
periodicity is the
basis for the
arrangement of the
periodic table.
5. Trends in the
periodic table can
predict the
properties and
behaviors of
Predict physical and
chemical properties
and interactions of
matter using the trends
of the periodic table.
S11.A.3.3.1
S11.A.3.3.2
S11.C.1.1.2
S11.C.1.1.4
S11.C.2.1.2
How do
different group
numbers react
on the periodic
table?
Who created
the periodic
table?
What do period
and group
number identify
about an
element?
Explain the structure of
matter, its properties,
and what happens
when one material
comes in contact with
another.
List the differences
between metals,
nonmetals and
metalloids.
Order elements on the
periodic table given the
atomic number.
Determine volatility,
reactivity, conductivity,
malleability, and
solubility, based on the
elements group
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Wilbraham, 3 weeks
A. C.
(2005).
Prentice
Hall
Chemistry .
Upper
Saddle
River, N.J.:
Prentice
Hall.
Sections:
6.1, 6.2,
6.3
elements.
number.
Bonding
Big
Ideas
F. BondingChemical
bonding
occurs as a
result of
attractive
forces
between
particles.
Essential
Questions
Concepts
Competencies
Standards /
Eligible
Content
What factors
determine the
types of
chemical bonds
that form
between
particles?
1. Atoms gain,
share, or lose
electrons to form
chemical bonds.
2. Ionic bonds result
from the transfer
of electrons;
covalent bonds
result from the
sharing of
electrons.
3. Different
compounds can
be formed from
different
combinations of
the same
elements
according to the
law of multiple
proportions.
4. The type of
bonding that
occurs between
atoms is related
to the valence
electrons of those
Use models to
demonstrate
understanding of the
attractive forces
between atoms.
S11.C.1.1.1
S11.C.1.1.2
S11.C.1.1.3
S11.C.1.1.4
How does the
distribution of
electrons in
atoms affect the
formation of a
compound?
What is the
difference
between ionic
and covalent
bonding?
Will metals
covalently or
ionically bond?
Will nonmetals
covalently or
Predict products of
simple and complex
chemical reactions
and write the correct
balanced chemical
equations for those
reactions.
Compare and
contrast ionic and
covalent bonding.
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Wilbraham, 3 weeks
A. C.
(2005).
Prentice
Hall
Chemistry .
Upper
Saddle
River, N.J.:
Prentice
Hall.
Sections:
7.1, 7.2,
7.3, 8.1,
8.2
ionically bond?
Will noble gases
bond?
atoms.
5. Chemical bonding
can be covalent,
polar covalent, or
ionic.
6. Lewis dot
diagrams are
useful for studying
the structure and
bonding nature
atoms.
7. The type of
bonding which
holds the
substance
together
determines its
physical
properties such
as melting point,
boiling point,
electrical
conductivity,
water solubility,
and vapor
pressure.
Chemical Quantities
Big
Ideas
Essential
Questions
Concepts
Competencies
Standards /
Eligible
Content
G. Chemical
Quantities
How can we
count atoms?
1. According to the
law of
conservation of
mass, a chemical
change can be
represented by a
balanced
chemical
equation.
Conduct safe, inquirybased investigations to
observe endothermic
and exothermic
chemical reactions,
measure temperature,
volume, and mass, and
form conclusions based
on experimental
evidence.
S11.A.1.1.2
S11.A.1.1.4
S11.A.1.3.1
S11.A.1.3.2
What is a
mole?
How are mass
and moles
related?
Why are moles 2. A mole is a
quantity used for
necessary to
distinguishing a
quantify
mass or number
atoms?
of atoms or
molecules.
3. The mole
represents a
standard number
of atoms for any
element.
4. The use of the
mole allows for
predictions in
chemical
Apply the mole concept,
or Avogadro’s number,
in complex
stoichiometric
calculations, including
those involving limiting
reactants and percent
yield.
Predict quantities of
compounds using the
mole concept.
Balance complex
chemical equations
given the reactants and
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Wilbraham, 2 weeks
A. C.
(2005).
Prentice
Hall
Chemistry .
Upper
Saddle
River, N.J.:
Prentice
Hall.
Sections:
10.1, 10.2,
10.3
reactions.
products.
Gas Laws
Big
Ideas
H. Gas Laws
Essential
Questions
What is a gas?
How are
temperature,
pressure, and
volume
interrelated in
regard to
gasses?
What is Charles’
Law?
What is Boyles’
Law?
Concepts
1. Mathematic
relationships can
be used to predict
changes in
temperature and
pressure of
gaseous systems.
2. Solids, liquids,
and gases can
exert forces on
surfaces and are
quantified as
pressure.
3. A gas is
compressible, will
fill the volume of
any container,
and has random
interactions
between
molecules.
Competencies
Explain the structure
of matter, its
properties, and what
happens when one
material comes in
contact with another.
Apply the gas laws to
various mathematical
problems involving
pressure,
temperature, volume,
and amount of a gas.
Explain the
interactions and
movements of
gaseous molecules.
Standards /
Eligible
Content
S11.C.1.1.1
S11.C.1.1.2
S11.C.1.1.3
S11.C.1.1.4
S11.C.1.1.5
S11.A.1.1.1
S11.A.3.3.3
S11.C.3.1.4
S11.D.3.1.1
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Wilbraham, 3 weeks
A. C.
(2005).
Prentice
Hall
Chemistry .
Upper
Saddle
River, N.J.:
Prentice
Hall.
Sections;
14.1, 14.2
Describing Motion and Forms of Energy
Big
Ideas
Essential
Questions
I. Describing
Motion and
Forms of
Energy
How is energy
transferred
between objects
and converted
into different
forms?
Concepts
1. Energy can take
many different
forms including
mechanical,
thermal, chemical,
and
electromagnetic.
Why are changes 2. Energy can be
transferred
in matter
thermally,
accompanied by
mechanically,
changes in
electrically, or
energy?
chemically in a
system.
What are the
3.
Energy
is
various forms of
conserved (Law of
energy?
conservation of
energy).
What relationship
4. Heat energy is
do kinetic and
transferred
potential energy
between objects or
have in a closed
regions by the
system?
process of
convection,
conduction, or
radiation.
Competencies
Standards /
Eligible
Content
Describe sources
and forms of energy
and explain their
transformations.
S11.A.1.3.2
S11.C.2.1.1
S11.C.2.1.3
S11.C.2.1.4
S11.C.3.1.4
S11.A.1.1.1
S11.A.3.3.3
S11.C.3.1.4
S11.D.3.1.1
Construct a complex
free body diagram
indicating the
magnitude and
direction of the
forces on an object
and use information
from the diagram to
determine the
motion of the object.
Use information
from the various
representations of
translation motion to
solve for complex
unknown motion
quantities of objects
in translational
motion.
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Boyle, J., & 2 weeks
Giancoli, D.
C. (2002).
Physics:
principles
with
applications
: fifth
edition :
study
guide.
Upper
Saddle
River, N. J.:
Prentice
Hall
Chapter 2
5. Electricity is the
result of
converting one
form of energy into
another and the
flow of electrons
via a conductor.
6. The position and
velocity of an
object or
interacting objects
can be
represented and
quantified in terms
of its momentum,
angular
momentum, kinetic
energy, and
potential energy.
7. In every
transformation of
energy from one
form to another,
some of the
energy is
converted into
thermal energy.
8. The potential
energy of an
object in simple
harmonic motion is
at its maximum
value when the
object is at its
Use conservation of
energy to calculate
the kinetic energy
and potential energy
of an object at any
time during its
motion.
maximum
displacement and
at its minimum
when the object
passes through its
equilibrium
position.
9. The kinetic energy
of an object in
simple harmonic
motion is at its
minimum value
when the object is
at its maximum
displacement and
at its maximum
when the object
passes through its
equilibrium
position.
10. The conservation
laws apply at all
scales from very
small particles to
the entire
universe.
11. The total amount
of energy in a
closed system is
conserved.
Kinematics
Big
Ideas
J.
Kinematics
Essential
Questions
Concepts
1. The position,
velocity, and
acceleration of an
object can be
measured and
quantified (in
magnitude and
direction), using
appropriate tools
What patterns
and units, in a
and relationships
reference frame.
are established
between the
2. Position, velocity
variables
and acceleration are
representing
examples of
objects in
vectors, quantities
motion?
relying on both
direction and
What is unique
magnitude that
about initial and
combine with other
final velocity in
velocity and
projectile
acceleration vectors
motion?
according to specific
mathematical rules.
What is the
relationship
3. Vectors allow the
between
formulation of
distance, speed,
How can the
motion of an
object be
described in a
measurable and
quantitative
way?
Competencies
Standards /
Eligible
Content
Use information from
the various
representations of
translation motion to
solve for unknown
motion quantities of
objects in
translational motion.
S11.A.1.1.1
S11.A.3.3.3
S11.C.3.1.4
S11.D.3.1.1
Construct a complex
free body diagram
indicating the
magnitude and
direction of the forces
on an object and use
information from the
diagram to determine
the motion of the
object.
Design and construct
a device that
demonstrates a given
kinematic property in
a quantifiable
manner.
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Boyle, J., & 3 Weeks
Giancoli, D.
C. (2002).
Physics:
principles
with
applications
: fifth
edition :
study
guide.
Upper
Saddle
River, N. J.:
Prentice
Hall
Sections
3.1, 3.2,
3.4, 3.5,
3.6, 3.7
time and
acceleration?
Physical Laws
independent of a
particular coordinate
system.
4. The motion of a
projectile can be
represented and
analyzed as two
different motions, a
vertical motion with
constant
acceleration and a
horizontal motion
with constant speed.
5. These concepts are
used in the design
and evaluation of
many technologies.
6. An understanding of
forces and their
interactions is used
to describe, explain,
and design any
number of natural
and human-built
objects and
systems.
Force and Newton’s Laws
Big
Ideas
K. Force and
Newton’s
Laws
Essential
Questions
What is a
force?
How are the
forces acting
on an object
related to its
motion?
How do
Newton’s Laws
describe the
relationships of
force and
motion?
Concepts
Competencies
Standards /
Eligible
Content
1. The motion of an
object can be
described by its
position, direction
and speed.
2. Newton’s three laws
of motion can be
used to explain and
measure the motion
of objects.
3. Models and graphs
can be used to
determine the
presence or absence
of unbalanced
forces.
4. The property inertia
is an object’s
resistance to a
change in its motion.
5. Pushes, pulls,
friction, and gravity
are forces that can
act upon an object to
change its position,
direction, and/or
speed.
Solve complex
problems of motion
and forces by
applying knowledge
of Newton’s Laws,
performing direct
and indirect
measurements of
the motion of
objects and forces
acting upon
objects, and
performing
graphical analysis
of this experimental
data.
S11.A.1.1.5
S11.A.1.3.1
S11.A.3.2.1
S11.C.3.1.1
S11.C.3.1.2
S11.C.3.1.3
Determine unique
real world
examples for each
of Newton’s Laws
of Motion.
Construct a free
body diagram
indicating the
magnitude and
Textbook
Chapters
Duration
Boyle, J., &
Giancoli, D.
C. (2002).
Physics:
principles
3 weeks
with
applications
: fifth
edition :
study
guide.
Upper
Saddle
River, N. J.:
Prentice
Hall
Sections
4.1, 4.2,
4.3, 4.4,
4.5, 4.6,
4.7, 4.8
6. Newton’s Law of
Universal Gravitation
computes the force
between two masses
at a distance.
7. Inertial mass is a
measure of the
resistance of an
object to changes in
translation motion
(Newton’s First Law
of Motion).
8. Newton’s Laws of
Motion empirically
describe the motion
of objects in terms of
force interactions,
mass, and
acceleration in a
non-accelerating,
non-relativistic
reference frame.
9. For objects in a
constant state of
motion (including
those at rest) the net
force is zero.
10. Given knowledge of
an object’s motion,
its force(s) can be
inferred.
direction of the
forces on an object
and use information
from the diagram to
determine the
motion of the
object.