Source: Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1891 Edition.
730
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Section 24
Information and Communications
This section presents statistics on the
various information and communications
media: publishing, including newspapers,
periodicals, books, and software; motion
pictures, sound recordings, broadcasting,
and telecommunications; and information
services, such as libraries. Statistics on
computer use and Internet access are also
included. Data on the usage, finances,
and operations of the Postal Service
previously shown in this section are now
presented in Section 23, Transportation.
Information industry—The U.S. Census
Bureau’s Service Annual Survey, Information Services Sector, provides estimates of
operating revenue of taxable firms and
revenues and expenses of firms exempt
from federal taxes for industries in the
information sector of the economy. Similar estimates were previously issued in
the Annual Survey of Communications
Services. Data beginning 1998 are based
on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), 1997 and the information sector is a newly created economic sector. It comprises establishments
engaged in the following processes:
(a) producing and distributing information
and cultural products, (b) providing the
means to transmit or distribute these
products as well as data or communications, and (c) processing data. It includes
establishments previously classified in the
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) in
manufacturing (publishing); transportation, communications, and utilities (telecommunications and broadcasting); and
services (software publishing, motion picture production, data processing, online
information services, and libraries).
This new sector is comprised of industries
which existed previously, were revised
from previous industry definitions, or are
completely new industries. Among those
which existed previously are newspaper
publishers, motion picture and video production, and online information services.
Revised industries include book publishers and libraries and archives. Newly created industries include database and
directory publishers, record production,
music publishers, sound recording studios, cable networks, wired telecommunications carriers, paging, and satellite telecommunications. The following URL
contains detailed information about
NAICS and provides a comparison of the
SIC and NAICS <http://www.census.gov
/epcd/www/naics.html>. See also the
text in Section 15, Business Enterprise.
Beginning 2001, the Service Annual
Survey estimates reflect the introduction
of the provisional North American
Product Classification System (NAPCS)
for the information sector. Data for
prior years are not comparable. See
<http://www.census.gov/eos/www
/napcs/napcs.htm>.
The 1997 Economic Census was the first
economic census to cover the new information sector of the economy. The census, conducted every 5 years, for the
years ending ‘‘2’’ and ‘‘7,’’ provides information on the number of establishments,
receipts, payroll, and paid employees for
the United States and various geographic
levels. The most recent reports are from
the 2002 Economic Census. This census
was conducted in accordance with the
2002 NAICS.
The Federal Communications Commission
(FCC), established in 1934, regulates wire
and radio communications. Only the largest carriers and holding companies file
annual financial reports which are publically available. The FCC has jurisdiction
over interstate and foreign communication services but not over intrastate or
local services. The gross operating revenues of the telephone carriers reporting
publically available data annually to the
FCC, however, are estimated to cover
about 90 percent of the revenues of all
U.S. telephone companies. Data are not
comparable with Census Bureau Annual
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
731
Survey because of coverage and different
accounting practices for those telephone
companies which report to the FCC.
Reports filed by the broadcasting industry
cover all radio and television stations
operating in the United States. The private
radio services represent the largest and
most diverse group of licensees regulated
by the FCC. These services provide voice,
data communications, point-to-point, and
point-to-multipoint radio communications
for fixed and mobile communicators.
Major users of these services are small
businesses, the aviation industry, the
maritime trades, the land transportation
industry, the manufacturing industry,
state and local public safety and governmental authorities, emergency medical
service providers, amateur radio operators, and personal radio operations (CB
and the General Mobile Radio Service).
The FCC also licenses entities as private
and common carriers. Private and common carriers provide fixed and land
mobile communications service on a forprofit basis. Principal sources of wire,
radio, and television data are the FCC’s
Annual Report and its annual Statistics of
Communications Common Carriers.
732
Statistics on publishing are available from
the Census Bureau, as well as from various private agencies. Editor & Publisher
Co., New York, NY, presents annual data
on the number and circulation of daily
and Sunday newspapers in its International Year Book. Data on book production
and prices are available from Information
Today, Medford, NJ. The Book Industry
Study Group, New York, NY, collects data
on books sold and domestic consumer
expenditures. Book purchasing data are
from Ipsos, NPD, Inc., Rosemont, IL. Data
on academic and public libraries are collected by the U.S. National Center for Education Statistics. Public library data are
also gathered by Information Today, Medford, NJ, and the National Commission on
Libraries and Information Science, Washington, DC.
Advertising—Data on advertising previously shown in this section are now presented in Section 27, Accommodation,
Food Services, and Other Services.
Statistical reliability—For a discussion
of statistical collection and estimation,
sampling procedures, and measures of
statistical reliability applicable to Census
Bureau data, see Appendix III.
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1110. Information—Establishments, Receipts, Payroll, and Employees by
Kind of Business (NAICS Basis): 2002
[Preliminary. For establishments with payroll. (45,660 represents $45,660,000,000). Based on the 2002 Economic Censuses;
see Appendix III]
2002
NAICS
code 1
Kind of business
Newspaper publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Periodical publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Book publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Directory & mailing list publishers . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other publishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture & video industries 2 . . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture & video production . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture & video exhibition . . . . . . . . . . .
Postproduction & other motion picture & video
industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sound recording industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sound recording studios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting (except Internet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio & television broadcasting . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio broadcasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable & other subscription programming . . . . . .
Internet publishing & broadcasting . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wired telecommunications carriers . . . . . . . . . .
Wireless telecommunications carriers (except
satellite). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable & other program distribution . . . . . . . . . .
Internet service providers, Web search portals,
& data processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internet service providers & Web search portals .
Data processing, hosting, & related services . . .
Other information services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Libraries & archives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of
establishments
Receipts
(mil. dol.)
Annual
payroll
(mil. dol.)
Paid
employees
(1,000)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
51111
51112
51113
51114
51119
51121
5121
51211
51213
8,574
7,146
3,570
1,839
994
9,899
19,101
11,106
5,268
45,660
39,279
27,163
16,564
7,487
103,737
62,013
45,019
11,211
13,570
8,131
4,880
2,465
1,074
34,593
10,236
7,137
1,307
398.8
148.8
95.2
53.7
26.5
353.3
275.4
110.2
133.1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
51219
5122
51224
515
5151
51511
5152
516
517
5171
2,207
3,468
1,498
9,570
8,856
6,897
714
2,060
49,055
27,891
4,395
15,530
695
75,326
49,298
15,793
26,028
6,427
411,808
238,263
1,531
2,280
241
14,838
11,903
4,825
2,935
2,301
71,486
46,949
27.3
32.9
6.2
295.1
254.5
128.9
40.6
39.5
1,428.0
835.4
. . . 5172
. . . 5175
11,175
6,118
100,106
56,710
13,348
8,328
286.1
247.1
.
.
.
.
.
18,642
4,863
13,779
3,476
2,714
79,212
23,327
55,885
4,826
1,674
26,048
4,540
21,508
1,639
730
521.0
83.3
437.7
54.3
34.5
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
518
5181
5182
519
51912
1
North American Industry Classification System, 2002; see text, this section and Section 15. 2 Includes other industries, not
shown separately.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘2002 Economic Census Industry Series Reports, Information.’’ See Internet site:
<http://www.census.gov/econ/census02/guide/INDRPT51.HTM> (accessed 16 May 2005).
Table 1111. Information Sector Services—Estimated Revenue: 2000 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (845,687 represents $845,687,000,000. For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. Except as indicated,
estimates adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the Service Annual Survey; see Appendix III]
1997
NAICS
code 1
Industry
Information industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Publishing industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newspaper, periodical, book, database, and
other publishers 2, 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Newspaper publishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Periodical publishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Book publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Database and directory publishers . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and sound recording industries . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and video 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture and video production and distribution .
Motion picture and video exhibition . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sound recording 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Integrated record production/distribution . . . . . . . . .
Broadcasting and telecommunications . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio and television broadcasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio broadcasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Television broadcasting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable networks and program distribution 2 . . . . . . . . .
Cable networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable and other program distribution . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wired telecommunications carriers . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wireless telecommunications carriers
(except satellite) 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cellular and other wireless telecommunications . .
Telecommunications resellers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Satellite telecommunications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information services and data processing services . . . . .
Information services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Online information services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000
2001
2002
2003
. . 51
. . 511
845,687
232,069
868,917
231,714
875,323
230,916
889,276
232,427
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5111
51111
51112
51113
51114
5112
512
5121
51211,12
51213
5122
51222
513
5131
51311
513112
51312
5132
51321
51322
5133
51331
144,483
51,507
39,834
25,236
15,855
87,585
67,745
54,040
39,076
9,900
13,705
10,839
469,349
52,668
14,811
13,188
37,858
67,930
20,878
47,052
348,751
265,704
141,123
47,153
39,266
26,096
16,512
90,591
69,152
55,937
40,503
10,371
13,215
10,199
485,410
47,840
13,740
12,201
34,100
74,420
21,871
52,549
363,151
260,122
142,070
47,524
38,844
27,203
16,564
88,846
74,020
60,486
44,728
11,074
13,535
10,393
482,496
51,822
14,774
12,977
37,048
80,536
24,041
56,495
350,137
237,376
142,538
48,591
38,651
26,326
16,728
89,889
77,901
64,096
47,824
11,698
13,804
10,400
490,390
51,904
14,967
13,037
36,937
90,456
26,969
63,488
348,030
222,563
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
51332
513322
51333
51334
514
5141
514191
5142
64,309
57,547
8,833
8,278
76,524
34,575
26,577
41,950
83,249
78,239
8,634
9,512
82,641
35,422
28,623
47,219
95,018
91,521
8,587
7,922
87,891
34,971
27,832
52,920
107,059
104,228
9,120
8,213
88,558
35,457
27,160
53,101
1
North American Industry Classification System, 1997; see text this section and Section 15. 2 Estimates not adjusted to the
1997 Economic Census. 3 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>
(released December 2004).
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
733
Table 1112. Information Industries—Establishments, Employees and Payroll:
2000 and 2002
[For establishments with payroll (3,545.7 represents 3,545,700). Excludes most government employees, railroad employees,
and self-employed persons. See Appendix III]
1997
NAICS
code 1
Industry
Paid employees
(1,000)
2
Annual payroll
(mil. dol.)
2000
2002
2000
2002
2000
2002
133,590
138,590
3,545.7
3,536.1
209,394
188,077
. . . . . . 511
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Information industries . . . . . . . . . . 51
Publishing industries . . . . . . . . . . .
Newspaper, periodical, book,
& database publishers . . . . . . .
Newspaper publishers. . . . . . .
Periodical publishers. . . . . . . .
Book publishers . . . . . . . . . . .
Database & directory publishers
Other publishers . . . . . . . . . .
Greeting card publishers . . .
All other publishers . . . . . . .
Software publishers . . . . . . . . . .
Establishments
(number)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Motion picture & sound recording
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Motion picture & video industries . . .
Motion picture & video production .
Motion picture & video distribution .
Motion picture & video exhibition. .
Motion picture theaters
(except drive-ins) . . . . . . . . .
Drive-in motion picture theaters .
Post production & other motion
picture & video industries . . . . . .
Teleproduction & other
postproduction services . . . . .
Other motion picture & video
industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sound recording industries . . . . . . .
Record production . . . . . . . . . . .
Integrated record production/
distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Music publishers . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sound recording studios . . . . . . .
Other sound recording industries. .
32,545
32,577
1,080.7
1,020.0
75,348
60,592
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5111
51111
51112
51113
51114
51119
511191
511199
5112
21,946
8,586
6,252
2,661
1,370
3,077
112
2,965
10,599
22,488
8,728
6,912
2,713
1,566
2,569
106
2,463
10,089
749.2
412.6
135.6
87.2
46.2
67.5
17.8
49.7
331.5
707.9
388.0
127.2
90.0
46.9
55.8
16.1
39.7
312.1
31,258
14,216
7,676
4,310
2,418
2,637
631
2,006
44,090
30,661
14,040
7,191
4,863
2,276
2,291
642
1,649
29,930
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
512
5121
51211
51212
51213
22,899
19,730
10,018
678
5,884
23,021
19,652
10,943
541
5,198
304.2
276.6
84.5
13.9
144.0
278.4
253.4
85.7
5.3
134.1
11,736
9,806
5,723
1,119
1,130
11,700
9,986
6,663
312
1,341
. . . . 512131
. . . . 512132
5,593
291
4,895
303
142.3
1.7
132.4
1.7
1,107
23
1,315
26
. . . . 51219
3,150
2,970
34.2
28.4
1,834
1,671
. . . . 512191
2,816
2,594
29.7
23.8
1,591
1,414
. . . . 512199
. . . . 5122
. . . . 51221
334
3,169
276
376
3,369
370
4.5
27.6
1.1
4.6
25.0
1.9
243
1,930
55
257
1,714
115
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
51222
51223
51224
51229
310
670
1,516
397
303
706
1,517
473
9.0
5.1
8.1
4.3
8.7
4.5
6.4
3.5
1,100
283
327
166
955
289
234
122
Broadcasting & telecommunications . . . . .
Radio & television broadcasting . . . . . .
Radio broadcasting. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio networks . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Television broadcasting . . . . . . . . . .
Cable networks & program distribution .
Cable networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable & other program distribution . .
Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wired telecommunications carriers . .
Wireless telecommunications carriers
(except satellite) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cellular & other wireless
telecommunications . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications resellers . . . . . .
Satellite telecommunications . . . . . .
Other telecommunications . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
513
5131
51311
513111
513112
51312
5132
51321
51322
5133
51331
54,971
8,492
6,442
334
6,108
2,050
5,270
689
4,581
41,209
26,223
58,712
9,038
7,029
475
6,554
2,009
6,891
1,292
5,599
42,783
26,883
1,631.8
253.6
121.5
9.3
112.1
132.2
212.7
39.1
173.6
1,165.5
870.2
1,698.4
254.3
130.8
9.0
121.9
123.4
300.1
61.8
238.3
1,144.0
848.0
88,766
12,292
4,841
516
4,325
7,451
10,084
2,654
7,430
66,389
49,010
87,613
12,215
5,062
514
4,548
7,154
12,450
3,446
9,005
62,947
47,962
. . 51332
. . 513321
10,424
4,098
11,079
2,832
202.5
72.4
216.8
42.6
11,027
3,396
10,418
1,709
Information services & data processing
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information services . . . . . . . . . . . .
News syndicates . . . . . . . . . . . .
Libraries & archives . . . . . . . . . .
Other information services . . . . . .
Online information services. . . .
All other information services . .
Data processing services . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
513322
51333
51334
51339
6,326
2,458
728
1,379
8,247
3,060
746
1,015
130.1
54.6
21.3
16.9
174.2
49.8
16.0
13.4
7,631
3,342
1,680
1,330
8,709
2,666
1,053
848
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
514
5141
51411
51412
51419
514191
514199
5142
23,175
14,139
567
2,754
10,818
10,257
561
9,036
24,280
13,203
543
2,875
9,785
8,594
1,191
11,077
529.0
232.5
11.3
33.8
187.4
177.3
10.1
296.6
539.3
208.2
10.2
33.6
164.4
149.1
15.3
331.2
33,544
19,023
648
679
17,696
15,690
2,006
14,521
28,173
11,672
584
724
10,364
9,256
1,108
16,501
1
North American Industry Classification System, 1997; see text, this section and Section 15. 2 For employees on the payroll
for the pay period including March 12.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘County Business Patterns’’; 2002 data, issued November 2004; <http://www.census.gov/epcd
/cbp/view/cbpview.html>.
734
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1113. Gross Domestic Income in Information Technologies (IT)
Industries: 2000 to 2004
[In millions of dollars (911,784 represents $911,784,000,000), except as noted]
2002
NAICS
code
Industry
Total IT-producing industries. . . . . . . . .
Share of the economy . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardware 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and office equipment . . . . . . . . . .
Computers and equipment wholesale sales . .
Computer and equipment retail sales . . . . . .
Printed circuit boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductor machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Passive electronic components . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial instruments for measurement . . . . .
Instruments for measuring electricity. . . . . . .
Laboratory analytical instruments . . . . . . . . .
Software and computer services 3 . . . . . . . . . .
Computer programming services . . . . . . . . .
Prepackaged software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepackaged software wholesale sales . . . . .
Computer integrated system design . . . . . . .
Data processing services . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information retrieval services. . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer services management . . . . . . . . .
Office machinery rental and leasing . . . . . . .
Computer maintenance and repair . . . . . . . .
Computer related services, n.e.c. 4. . . . . . . .
Communications equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Household audio and video equipment . . . . .
Telephone equipment, exc. ext. modems . . . .
Radio & TV broadcasting and wireless equip..
Other communications equipment . . . . . . . .
Magnetic and optical and recording media . . .
Communications services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Telephone and telegraph communications . . .
Cable and other pay TV services . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
(X)
(X)
(X)
(2)
421430pt.
443120pt.
334412
334413
333295
334414,5,6 9
334513
334515
334516
(X)
541,511
5112, 334611
421430pt.
541512
5142
51419
541513
532420
811212
541519
(X)
334310
334210
334220
334290
334613
(X)
517 less 5175
5175
2000
2001
2002
2003 est.
2004 est.
911,784
9.2
271,259
59,863
79,513
7,243
6,627
67,897
11,636
14,779
4,802
10,347
4,730
323,444
63,262
75,961
12,064
75,137
33,603
25,313
12,780
7,404
7,758
9,330
67,262
3,221
35,843
23,962
2,795
1,441
249,820
208,000
41,820
860,536
8.4
211,828
44,885
72,126
6,307
4,730
46,499
5,662
11,040
4,558
7,758
4,723
332,891
61,145
77,709
16,893
73,733
37,850
26,156
14,891
6,234
7,817
9,548
53,527
3,230
26,448
19,302
3,421
1,127
262,291
220,007
42,284
821,928
7.8
210,709
45,448
78,826
4,557
3,374
47,264
4,445
9,613
4,419
6,054
5,127
325,617
54,829
76,353
15,550
71,396
44,914
26,443
13,054
4,551
7,508
10,023
37,512
3,422
14,909
14,679
3,262
1,240
248,090
208,095
39,995
831,108
7.6
217,814
47,167
81,808
4,729
3,478
48,731
4,659
9,911
4,447
6,092
5,159
320,738
53,019
77,249
15,101
70,172
42,755
26,818
13,194
3,456
7,065
10,869
34,858
3,180
13,854
13,641
3,031
1,153
257,698
216,155
41,544
906,632
7.8
245,307
53,300
92,445
5,344
3,949
55,330
4,953
11,253
4,781
6,551
5,547
353,360
58,411
85,106
16,637
77,309
47,104
29,546
14,536
3,808
7,783
11,975
36,982
3,374
14,698
14,472
3,216
1,223
270,983
227,298
43,685
X Not applicable. 1 North American Industry Classification System, 2002; see text, this section and Section 15. 2 NAICS
334111, 2, 3, 9, 334418, 333311, 3. 3 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 4 N.e.c. Not elsewhere classified.
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, The Digital Economy 2005, forthcoming
report. See Internet site <https://www.esa.doc.gov/reports.cfm>.
Table 1114. Information Technologies (IT)—Employment, 2000 to 2004,
and Wages, 2000 and 2003
[110,996 represents 110,996,000]
2002
NAICS
code
Industry
Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IT producing industries. . . . . . . . . .
Computer hardware 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer and software wholesalers . . . .
Computer and software retailers . . . . . .
Bare printed circuit boards . . . . . . . . . .
Semiconductors and related devices. . . .
Miscellaneous electronic components . . .
Industrial process variable instruments . .
Electricity and signal testing instruments .
Software and computer services 2 . . . . . . .
Software publishers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing and related services . . .
Custom computer programming services .
Computer systems design services. . . . .
Computer facilities management services
Communications equipment 2 . . . . . . . . . .
Telephone apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcast and wireless communications
equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Audio and video equipment. . . . . . . . . .
Communications services 2 . . . . . . . . . . .
Wired telecommunications carriers . . . . .
Telecommunications resellers . . . . . . . .
Cable and other program distribution . . .
Employment
(1,000)
1
Annual wages per
worker (dol.)
2000
2003
2004
2000
2003
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
(X)
(X)
(X)
334111
423430
443120
334412
334413
334415,6,7,9
334513
334515
(X)
511210
518210
541511
541512
541513
(X)
334210
110,996
5,381.7
1,679.8
168.6
299.4
190.5
139.5
289.2
146.0
70.1
65.8
2,127.4
260.6
315.7
540.0
502.9
64.9
322.0
106.5
108,416
4,356.0
1,232.2
123.6
241.1
140.3
65.6
225.5
98.5
58.4
46.8
1,845.6
238.9
280.0
489.8
456.6
58.1
201.7
50.7
109,862
4,283.0
1,195.4
115.5
233.7
132.4
62.0
223.1
97.9
59.9
45.2
1,860.0
238.7
270.5
505.0
475.1
59.4
189.8
47.2
35,350
72,330
77,800
130,720
92,910
53,650
38,810
95,300
42,320
54,760
82,790
77,310
114,410
53,610
78,070
77,040
62,340
66,990
80,960
37,510
70,100
73,350
101,250
88,160
52,960
43,300
82,480
45,640
55,280
79,000
74,520
102,310
58,440
77,350
74,890
62,550
69,110
80,790
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
334220
334310
(X)
517110
517310
517510
107.3
52.1
1,252.5
719.2
213.6
123.0
77.9
37.1
1,076.4
579.2
154.9
132.5
75.7
31.9
1,037.8
548.4
149.8
129.7
63,160
43,920
58,810
62,560
54,850
42,170
68,230
51,550
59,180
63,870
58,290
46,480
X Not applicable. 1 North American Industry Classification System, 2002; see text, this section and Section 15. 2 Includes
other industries, not shown separately.
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, The Digital Economy 2005, forthcoming
report. See Internet site <https://www.esa.doc.gov/reports.cfm>.
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
735
Table 1115. Communications Industry—Finances: 2000 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (293,954 represents $293,954,000,000). Covers 299 publicly-reporting media and communications companies with revenues of over $1 million in 12 media and communication industry segments. Minus sign (-) indicates loss]
Revenue
Industry
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising, specialty media and
marketing services 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Marketing services holding companies .
Telephone directory publishing . . . . . .
Broadcast television. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Television network companies . . . . . .
Cable and satellite television . . . . . . . . .
Cable and satellite providers . . . . . . .
Radio station owners and networks . . . .
Entertainment 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Filmed entertainment . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recorded music. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internet service providers . . . . . . . . .
Newspaper publishing . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer book publishing . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer magazine publishing . . . . . . .
Business-to-business communications. . .
Professional, educational and training
media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional and educational media . .
Business information services . . . . . . . .
Financial information. . . . . . . . . . . . .
..
Operating income
2000
2001
2002
2003
2000
2001
2002
2003
293,954
303,693
329,367
361,164
26,474
15,285
29,463
53,982
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
45,292
24,980
10,883
34,778
25,812
52,451
39,467
8,275
52,484
32,572
11,404
10,661
8,701
24,953
2,535
9,281
5,043
46,297
25,964
11,100
34,563
26,230
60,818
46,578
8,840
49,584
33,380
9,315
11,504
9,974
23,851
2,984
9,780
4,534
47,076
26,913
11,128
37,731
28,365
67,551
52,100
9,498
58,324
39,327
9,995
12,714
10,663
23,707
3,161
10,105
4,126
50,786
30,369
10,663
39,753
29,928
77,342
58,068
9,625
66,030
45,313
10,694
13,989
10,359
24,824
3,596
10,353
4,184
7,715
3,296
4,242
6,888
4,346
-2,275
-2,241
1,321
2,345
1,278
34
920
1,454
5,307
339
-23
769
7,826
2,355
5,450
5,521
3,891
-7,518
-7,718
355
2,010
1,694
-378
-582
1,749
4,005
383
-976
395
8,622
2,732
5,390
6,532
4,057
-8,501
-11,830
3,344
3,604
3,406
-1,146
359
545
5,049
412
824
283
9,259
3,112
5,301
7,666
4,999
8,564
6,344
3,406
5,752
4,798
-558
1,212
603
5,315
443
1,030
551
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
13,178
9,087
35,023
16,667
13,028
8,090
37,911
17,637
14,980
9,264
40,393
18,724
16,561
9,592
44,121
19,878
1,164
1,287
2,003
2,692
1,220
1,024
2,647
3,052
1,968
1,578
6,968
3,178
2,421
1,549
8,362
3,676
1
Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Source: Veronis Suhler Stevenson, New York, NY, Communications Industry Forecast & Report, annual (copyright).
Table 1116. Media Usage and Consumer Spending: 2000 to 2008
[Estimates of time spent were derived using rating data for television, cable and satellite television and radio, survey research and
consumer purchase data (units, admissions, access) for books, home video, Internet, interactive TV, magazines, movies in
theaters, newspapers, recorded music, and video games. Adults 18 and older were the basis for estimates for television, cable and
satellite television, daily newspapers, consumer books, consumer magazines, home video and interactive TV. Persons 12 and
older were the basis for estimates for radio, recorded music, movies in theaters, video games and consumer Internet]
Item
HOURS PER PERSON
PER YEAR
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Television. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Broadcast TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Network stations 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable & satellite TV . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic cable and satellite TV 1 . . . . .
Premium cable and satellite TV 1 . . .
Broadcast and satellite radio 2 . . . . . . . .
Box office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home video 2 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interactive TV 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recorded music 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Video games 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Daily newspapers 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer books 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer magazines 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONSUMER SPENDING PER
PERSON PER YEAR (dol.)
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable and satellite TV 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic cable & satellite networks 1 . . . .
Premium cable and satellite services 1 .
Broadcast and satellite radio 2 . . . . . . . .
Box office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Home video 2 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interactive TV 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recorded music 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Video games 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Daily newspapers 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer books 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer magazines 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004,
proj.
2005,
proj.
2006,
proj.
2007,
proj.
2008,
proj.
3,949
1,887
794
731
1,093
903
190
1,080
13
103
4
170
86
225
165
105
111
4,059
1,931
800
738
1,131
934
197
1,120
14
110
5
167
98
236
164
104
110
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3,492
1,635
866
799
769
633
136
943
12
51
2
258
59
107
180
109
135
3,540
1,676
833
767
843
692
151
955
13
56
2
229
60
139
177
106
127
3,606
1,705
787
721
918
760
158
990
14
65
2
200
64
158
175
109
125
3,663
1,745
769
704
975
809
167
1,002
13
70
2
184
69
176
171
108
121
3,757
1,792
782
717
1,010
834
176
1,035
13
78
3
180
71
189
169
107
118
3,809
1,826
785
721
1,042
861
181
1,040
13
85
3
176
75
200
168
106
116
3,890
1,858
790
726
1,068
882
186
1,070
13
94
4
174
81
213
165
106
113
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
632.03
187.93
144.24
43.70
32.75
100.01
2.25
61.24
25.89
49.64
52.48
86.13
47.70
678.79
202.73
155.16
47.57
35.45
114.26
2.47
57.92
26.89
68.94
52.84
84.45
46.96
738.15
221.52
169.73
51.79
0.07
39.54
135.02
2.89
52.39
29.59
84.76
53.30
87.51
46.79
777.73
234.65
181.09
53.56
0.37
39.00
151.94
3.82
48.72
29.78
96.35
53.68
89.68
41.24
825.29
248.02
192.56
55.47
1.32
41.16
172.04
4.96
47.63
31.00
107.02
53.29
90.30
45.77
871.73
261.47
204.11
57.36
2.59
42.31
188.86
6.39
46.26
33.29
117.72
53.88
91.49
45.51
921.54
275.06
215.63
59.44
4.20
44.46
206.17
8.04
45.55
36.72
127.76
54.19
92.72
45.35
974.01 1,030.22
289.09 303.49
227.74 240.58
61.36
62.91
5.97
7.69
46.13
48.72
225.51 241.08
9.61
10.81
44.64
44.38
39.25
44.89
140.15 154.29
54.69
55.33
93.02
93.7
45.17
44.93
- Represents zero. 1 UPN, WB, and PAX affiliates included in network-affiliated stations, superstations included in basic
cable, and pay-per-view included in premium service. 2 Does not include Internet-related use of traditional media. Some examples
include: listening to downloaded music directly on the computer or from a burned disc on a MP3 player, reading a downloaded
e-book, listening to a radio station transmitted by a Windows media player, and reading a Web-based newspaper article. Such
activities are included in the time spent data under consumer Internet, although the media content was orginally provided on a
traditional medium. 3 Playback of prerecorded VHS cassettes and DVDs only. 4 Video-on-demand (VOD) only. Personal video
recorders (PVRs) included in total TV.
Source: Veronis Suhler Stevenson, New York, NY, Communications Industry Forecast & Report, annual (copyright).
736
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1117. Utilization of Selected Media: 1980 to 2003
[78.6 represents 78,600,000]
Item
Unit
Households with—
Telephone service 1 . . . . . . .
Radio 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total households.
Average number of sets . . .
Television 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of total households.
Television sets in homes. . .
Average number of sets per
home . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Color set households . . . . .
Cable television 4 . . . . . . . . .
Percent of TV households. .
VCRs 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Percent of TV households. .
Computers 5 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internet connections 5 . . . . . .
Broadband Internet 5 . . . . . . .
Commercial radio stations: 2
AM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Television stations: 6 Total . . . . .
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VHF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UHF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cable television:
Systems 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Households served 8 . . . . . . .
Daily newspaper circulation 9 . . .
1980
1990
1995
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Percent .
Millions .
Percent .
Number .
Millions .
Percent .
Millions .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
93.0
78.6
99.0
5.5
76
97.9
128
93.3
94.4
99.0
5.6
92
98.2
193
93.9
98.0
99.0
5.6
95
98.3
217
93.9
98.0
99.0
5.6
97
98.4
229
94.1
(NA)
99.0
5.6
98
98.3
235
94.0
(NA)
99.0
5.6
99
98.2
240
94.6
(NA)
99.0
5.6
101
98.2
245
94.6
(NA)
99.0
(NA)
102
98.2
248
95.5
(NA)
99.0
(NA)
106
98.2
254
95.5
99.0
99.0
8.0
107
98.2
260
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Number .
Millions .
Millions .
Percent .
Millions .
Percent .
Percent .
Percent .
Percent .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1.7
63
15
19.9
1
1.1
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2.0
90
52
56.4
63
68.6
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2.3
94
60
63.4
77
81.0
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2.4
97
64
66.5
82
84.2
36.6
18.6
(NA)
2.4
98
66
67.2
83
84.6
42.1
26.2
(NA)
2.4
99
67
67.5
84
84.6
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2.4
101
69
68.0
86
85.1
51.0
41.5
4.4
2.4
102
69
68.0
88
86.2
56.2
50.3
9.1
2.4
105
73
69.4
96
91.2
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2.4
107
74
69.8
98
91.5
61.8
54.6
19.9
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Number .
Number .
Number .
Number .
Number .
Number .
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 4,589 4,987
. 3,282 4,392
. 1,011 1,442
.
734 1,092
.
516
547
.
218
545
4,909
5,296
1,532
1,161
562
599
4,762
5,542
1,564
1,195
555
640
4,793
5,662
1,589
1,221
561
660
4,783
5,766
1,615
1,243
561
682
4,685
5,892
1,663
1,288
567
721
4,727
6,051
1,686
1,309
572
737
4,804
6,161
1,714
1,333
581
752
4,802
6,207
1,730
1,349
587
762
. . Number . . . 4,225 9,575 11,218 10,950 10,845 10,700 10,243 9,924 9,339
. . Millions . . . 17.7 54.9
63.0 65.9 67.0 74.9 76.5 79.5 85.5
. . Millions . . . 62.2 62.3
58.2 56.7 56.2 56.0 55.8 55.6 55.2
9,038
85.9
55.2
NA Not available. 1 For occupied housing units. 1980 as of April 1; all other years as of March. Source: U.S. Census Bureau,
1980 Census of Housing, vol. 1; thereafter Federal Communications Commission, Trends in Telephone Service, annual.
2
1980-1995 as of December 31. Source: M Street Corp. as reported by Radio Advertising Bureau New York, NY, through 1990,
Radio Facts, annual (copyright); beginning 1995, Radio Marketing Guide and Fact Book for Advertisers, annual (copyright).
Number of stations on the air compiled from Federal Communications Commission reports. 1985 data as of February 1986.
Beginning 1997, Federal Communications Commission, unpublished data as of Sept. 30. See Internet site <http://www.fcc.gov/mb/audio/totals>.
3
As of January of year shown. Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Source: Television Bureau of Advertising, Inc., Trends in Television,
annual (copyright). 4 As of February. Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Source: See footnote 3. 5 As of October 1997, December
1998, August 2000, September 2001 and October 2003. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications
and Information Administration, A Nation Online: Entering the Broadband Age, September 2004. See Internet site
<http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index.html>. 6 Source: Beginning 1997, Federal Communications Commission, unpublished data. See Internet site <http://www.fcc.gov/mb/audio/totals>. 1997 and 1998 as of December; beginning 1999, as of
September. For prior years data, see footnote 3. 7 As of January 1. Source: Warren Communications News, Washington DC,
Television and Cable Factbook (copyright). 8 Source: Nielsen Media Research, New York, NY, (copyright). 9 As of September
30. Source: Editor & Publisher, Co., New York, NY, Editor & Publisher International Year Book, annual (copyright).
Source: Compiled from sources mentioned in footnotes.
Table 1118. Multimedia Audiences—Summary: 2004
[In percent, except total (213,454 represents 213,454,000). As of fall. For persons 18 years old and over. Represents the
percent of persons participating during the prior week, except as indicated. Based on sample and subject to sampling error; see
source for details]
Item
Total. . . . . . . . . .
18 to 24 years old . . .
25 to 34 years old . . .
35 to 44 years old . . .
45 to 54 years old . . .
55 to 64 years old . . .
65 years old and over .
Male . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female. . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Total
population
(1,000)
Television
viewing
Television
prime time
viewing
Cable
viewing 1
Radio
listening
Newspaper
reading
Accessed
Internet 2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
213,454
27,556
39,380
44,230
40,387
27,520
34,381
102,533
110,921
94.1
92.5
92.5
92.9
94.4
95.8
97.2
94.3
94.0
83.2
74.6
82.1
82.0
83.8
86.5
89.2
82.9
83.4
78.1
72.8
76.3
79.1
80.0
81.9
77.6
78.5
77.6
84.2
90.7
91.1
89.9
88.2
80.4
62.3
85.4
83.1
78.8
72.7
74.1
79.0
81.6
83.2
81.6
78.1
79.4
61.4
72.7
72.1
70.7
68.0
57.0
23.6
61.6
61.2
Not high school graduate .
High school graduate . . .
Attended college . . . . . .
College graduate . . . . . .
Employed:
Full-time . . . . . . . . . .
Part-time . . . . . . . . . .
Not employed. . . . . . .
Household income:
Less than $10,000 . . .
$10,000 to $19,999 . . .
$20,000 to $29,999 . . .
$30,000 to $34,999 . . .
$35,000 to $39,999 . . .
$40,000 to $49,999 . . .
$50,000 or more . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
35,023
67,779
57,820
52,832
93.6
95.4
94.4
92.5
82.5
85.1
82.4
81.9
65.0
78.6
81.3
82.6
73.6
83.6
88.1
87.8
61.2
77.9
82.8
87.0
20.1
47.9
76.1
89.8
...
...
...
113,475
23,165
76,815
93.4
92.5
95.7
82.1
79.6
85.8
80.1
76.6
75.6
90.7
87.6
73.6
80.7
80.1
75.4
73.2
70.0
41.3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
13,236
22,029
24,350
12,224
11,290
21,118
109,207
93.5
93.9
94.9
94.6
95.1
95.2
93.7
80.0
84.7
83.9
84.9
84.3
83.2
82.7
59.8
62.6
69.5
74.0
75.3
78.7
85.9
73.7
71.6
77.9
82.8
84.6
85.2
89.4
62.2
69.2
72.1
78.9
76.9
77.2
84.6
25.5
27.7
36.7
47.5
52.2
58.8
81.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
In the past 7 days. 2 In the last 30 days.
Source: Mediamark Research Inc., New York, NY, Multimedia Audiences, fall 2004 (copyright).
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
737
Table 1119. Newspaper, Periodical, Database and Directory Publishers—
Estimated Revenue, and Inventories: 2001 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (47,153 represents $47,153,000,000). For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. Estimates have
been adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the North American Industry ClassificationSystem, 1997;
see text, this section and Section 15. See also Appendix III]
Newspaper publishers
(NAICS 51111)
Item
Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Source of revenue:
Print. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Subscription and sales . . . . . .
Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Subscription and sales . . . . . .
Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other media . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Subscription and sales . . . . . . .
Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contract printing. . . . . . . . . . . .
Distribution of flyers, inserts, etc..
Graphic design services . . . . . .
Market research . . . . . . . . . . . .
Archival sales services . . . . . . .
Sales or licensing of
rights of content . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental or sales of mailing lists . .
Non-newspaper publishing . . . . .
Publishing services for others . . .
Other revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Breakdown of revenue:
General interest publications . . .
Special interest publications . . . .
Other publications . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories at end of year .
Finished goods and
work-in-process . . . . . . . . . . .
Materials, supplies, fuel, etc. . . .
NA Not available.
Periodical publishers
(NAICS 51112)
Database and directory
publishers (NAICS 51114)
2001
2002
2003
2001
2002
2003
2001
2002
2003
..
47,153
47,524
48,591
39,266
38,844
38,651
16,512
16,564
16,728
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
42,134
9,314
32,820
410
(S)
303
154
53
101
1,770
930
(S)
2
24
42,099
9,436
32,664
597
(S)
466
165
61
103
1,749
1,020
(S)
2
23
42,766
9,610
33,156
735
(S)
568
153
(S)
96
1,667
1,191
(S)
(S)
26
31,033
13,073
17,960
1,282
868
(S)
2,158
2,070
(S)
922
105
(S)
(NA)
(NA)
30,404
12,971
17,434
1,298
894
(S)
2,350
2,276
74
690
118
(S)
(NA)
(NA)
29,243
11,848
17,396
1,412
1,047
366
2,586
2,514
72
628
(S)
(S)
(NA)
(NA)
11,856
693
11,162
433
(S)
241
1,566
1,513
(S)
201
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
11,748
622
11,126
520
(S)
275
1,578
1,541
36
(S)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
11,777
650
11,127
663
(S)
418
1,270
1,234
37
(S)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
69
13
258
11
1,368
45
(S)
306
12
1,485
74
7
369
19
1,574
241
160
(NA)
339
2,966
274
168
(NA)
(S)
3,141
293
164
(NA)
314
3,816
98
1,051
(NA)
31
1,278
72
1,162
(NA)
29
1,256
(S)
1,172
(NA)
57
1,498
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
41,534
1,164
(NA)
748
41,246
1,169
(S)
717
41,916
1,075
662
780
16,613
17,860
(NA)
1,634
16,309
16,312
1,431
1,671
16,019
15,683
(S)
1,542
(X)
(X)
(X)
374
(X)
(X)
(X)
(S)
(X)
(X)
(X)
(S)
..
..
63
685
80
636
108
672
1,223
411
1,252
419
1,156
(S)
355
19
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
S Data do not meet publication standards.
X Not applicable.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Service Annual Survey: 2003, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>
(released December 2004).
Table 1120. Daily and Sunday Newspapers—Number and Circulation:
1970 to 2004
[Number of newspapers as of February 1 the following year. Circulation figures as of September 30 of year shown (62.1
represents 62,100,000). For English language newspapers only]
Type
NUMBER
Daily: Total 1 . . . . .
Morning . . . . . . .
Evening . . . . . . .
Sunday . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1,748
334
1,429
586
1,756
339
1,436
639
1,745
387
1,388
736
1,676
482
1,220
798
1,611
559
1,084
863
1,533
656
891
888
1,483
736
760
905
1,480
766
727
917
1,468
776
704
913
1,457
777
692
913
1,456
787
680
917
1,456
813
653
914
NET PAID
CIRCULATION (mil.)
Daily: Total 1 . . . . . . . . .
Morning . . . . . . . . . . .
Evening . . . . . . . . . . .
Sunday . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
62.1
25.9
36.2
49.2
60.7
25.5
35.2
51.1
62.2
29.4
32.8
54.7
62.8
36.4
26.4
58.8
62.3
41.3
21.0
62.6
58.2
44.3
13.9
61.5
56.0
46.0
10.0
59.9
55.8
46.8
9.0
59.4
55.6
46.8
8.8
59.1
55.2
46.6
8.6
58.8
55.2
46.9
8.3
58.5
54.6
46.9
7.7
57.8
PER CAPITA CIRCULATION 2
Daily: Total 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Morning . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Evening . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sunday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0.30
0.13
0.18
0.24
0.28
0.12
0.16
0.24
0.27
0.13
0.14
0.24
0.26
0.15
0.11
0.25
0.25
0.17
0.08
0.25
0.22
0.17
0.05
0.23
0.20
0.16
0.04
0.21
0.20
0.17
0.03
0.21
0.20
0.16
0.03
0.21
0.19
0.16
0.03
0.20
0.19
0.16
0.03
0.20
0.19
0.16
0.03
0.20
1
All-day newspapers are counted in both morning and evening columns, but only once in total. Circulation is divided equally
between morning and evening. 2 Based on U.S. Census Bureau estimated resident population as of July 1.
Source: Editor & Publisher Co., New York, NY, Editor & Publisher International Year Book, annual (copyright).
738
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1121. Daily Newspapers—Number and Circulation by Size of City:
1980 to 2004
[Number of newspapers as of February 1 the following year. Circulation as of September 30 (29,413 represents 29,413,000).
For English language newspapers only. See Table 28 for number of cities by population size. All-day newspapers are counted in
both morning and evening columns; circulation is divided equally between morning and evening]
Number
Type of daily and
population-size class
Net paid circulation (1,000)
1990
1995
2000
2004
Morning dailies, total.
In cities of—
1,000,001 or more . . . . .
500,001 to 1,000,000 . . .
100,001 to 500,000 . . . .
50,001 to 100,000 . . . . .
25,001 to 50,000 . . . . . .
Less than 25,000 . . . . . .
..
387
559
656
766
813
29,413
41,311
44,310
46,772
46,887
.
.
.
.
.
.
20
27
99
75
64
102
18
22
138
100
102
179
25
22
153
138
115
203
26
25
163
162
141
249
29
33
164
164
154
269
8,795
5,705
8,996
2,973
1,701
1,243
6,508
4,804
20,051
4,373
3,209
2,365
10,173
5,587
17,214
5,602
3,150
2,584
10,820
5,412
17,469
5,887
3,899
3,285
10,735
6,514
16,838
5,579
3,799
3,423
Evening dailies, total .
In cities of—
1,000,001 or more . . . . .
500,001 to 1,000,000 . . .
100,001 to 500,000 . . . .
50,001 to 100,000 . . . . .
25,001 to 50,000 . . . . . .
Less than 25,000 . . . . . .
. . 1,388 1,084
891
727
653
32,788
21,017
13,883
9,000
7,739
.
.
.
.
.
.
3
7
45
72
158
606
1
3
32
54
124
513
1
6
24
38
113
471
2,984
4,101
8,178
4,896
5,106
7,523
1,423
1,350
4,687
2,941
4,278
6,338
390
1,017
2,529
2,029
2,819
5,099
1
519
1,603
1,332
1,898
3,648
1
812
1,186
981
1,617
3,141
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1980
1990
1995
2000
2004
1980
11
23
123
156
246
829
7
12
71
94
204
696
Source: Editor & Publisher Co., New York, NY, Editor & Publisher International Year Book, annual (copyright).
Table 1122. Daily and Sunday Newspapers—Number and Circulation,
1991 to 2003 and by State, 2004
[Number of newspapers as of February 1 the following year. Circulation as of September 30 (60,687 represents
60,687,000). For English language newspapers only. California, New York, Massachusetts, and Virginia Sunday newspapers
include national circulation]
Daily
Sunday
State
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
Total,
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Daily
1
Net
paid
Net
circulaNumpaid
Per Numtion
ber (1,000) capita 2
ber (1,000)
Circulation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1,586
1,570
1,556
1,548
1,533
1,520
1,509
1,489
1,483
1,480
1,468
1,457
1,456
60,687
60,164
59,812
59,305
58,193
56,983
56,728
56,182
55,979
55,773
55,578
55,186
55,185
0.24
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.22
0.21
0.21
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.19
0.19
0.19
875
891
884
886
888
890
903
898
905
917
913
913
917
62,068
62,160
62,566
62,294
61,529
60,798
60,484
60,066
59,894
59,421
59,090
58,780
58,495
Total, 2004 .
AL . . . . . . . .
AK . . . . . . . .
AZ . . . . . . . .
AR . . . . . . . .
CA . . . . . . . .
CO . . . . . . . .
CT . . . . . . . .
DE . . . . . . . .
DC . . . . . . . .
FL . . . . . . . .
GA . . . . . . . .
HA . . . . . . . .
ID. . . . . . . . .
IL . . . . . . . . .
IN. . . . . . . . .
IA . . . . . . . . .
KS . . . . . . . .
KY . . . . . . . .
LA . . . . . . . .
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1,456 54,626
24
619
7
105
16
750
28
467
90 5,764
30
990
17
679
2
132
2
808
40 3,044
34 1,007
6
267
12
210
67 2,284
68 1,257
37
594
43
403
23
583
26
692
0.19
0.14
0.16
0.13
0.17
0.16
0.22
0.19
0.16
1.46
0.17
0.11
0.21
0.15
0.18
0.20
0.20
0.15
0.14
0.15
914 57,753
20
699
5
121
11
863
16
538
61 6,575
15 1,138
13
762
2
164
2 1,051
37 3,849
29 1,313
6
299
8
224
32 2,434
25 1,234
12
618
14
363
14
612
21
763
Sunday
State
ME .
MD .
MA .
MI .
MN .
MS .
MO .
MT .
NE .
NV .
NH .
NJ .
NM .
NY .
NC .
ND .
OH .
OK .
OR .
PA .
RI. .
SC .
SD .
TN .
TX .
UT .
VT .
VA .
WA .
WV .
WI .
WY .
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1
Net
paid
Net
circulaNumpaid
Per Numtion
ber (1,000) capita 2
ber (1,000)
Circulation
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.
.
7
13
32
48
25
23
42
11
17
8
11
17
18
59
47
10
84
42
19
81
6
16
11
26
85
6
8
25
23
20
35
9
227
558
1,535
1,637
864
363
926
187
407
304
217
1,273
274
6,843
1,308
159
2,286
605
662
2,596
217
611
153
836
2,923
331
116
3,209
1,059
327
871
87
0.17
0.10
0.24
0.16
0.17
0.13
0.16
0.20
0.23
0.13
0.17
0.15
0.14
0.36
0.15
0.25
0.20
0.17
0.18
0.21
0.20
0.15
0.20
0.14
0.13
0.14
0.19
0.43
0.17
0.18
0.16
0.17
4
9
16
27
15
18
23
7
6
4
8
14
13
38
39
7
41
34
12
41
3
14
4
18
78
6
3
17
17
12
18
5
194
901
1,508
1,873
1,154
365
1,156
186
390
329
224
1,567
281
5,330
1,436
164
2,556
753
693
3,015
264
699
134
1,007
3,688
363
89
1,146
1,198
338
1,065
70
1
Circulation figures based on the principal community served by a newspaper which is not necessarily the same location as
2
Per capita based on estimated resident population as of July 1, except 2000, enumerated resident
the publisher’s office.
population as of April 1.
Source: Editor & Publisher Co., New York, NY, Editor & Publisher International Year Book, annual (copyright).
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
739
Table 1123. Periodicals—Average Retail Prices: 2001 to 2005
[In dollars. Reflects prices for an annual subscription]
Subject
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
585
246
107
918
1,094
626
266
109
1,088
1,171
677
287
117
1,160
1,276
749
312
126
1,253
1,392
799
328
135
1,235
1,494
Botany . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business and economics .
Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . .
Education . . . . . . . . . . .
Engineering. . . . . . . . . .
.
.
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.
814
491
2,140
261
1,217
864
539
2,321
285
1,323
931
594
2,505
308
1,430
1,017
646
2,699
335
1,550
1,109
702
2,868
367
1,683
Food science. . .
General science .
General works . .
Geography . . . .
Geology . . . . . .
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.
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.
.
.
818
755
76
685
884
860
828
78
769
951
926
914
87
835
1,025
1,014
988
98
912
1,115
1,107
1,059
110
945
1,197
Health sciences . . . . . . . . . . .
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Language and literature. . . . . .
Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Library and information science.
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.
.
.
781
115
108
158
267
839
121
115
173
285
915
134
127
190
314
999
149
141
207
345
1,081
163
154
221
386
Math and computer science .
Military and naval science . .
Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Philosophy and religion . . . .
Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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.
968
345
77
140
2,012
1,031
329
86
150
2,192
1,103
355
93
166
2,365
1,197
385
97
183
2,550
1,267
447
114
197
2,719
Political science .
Psychology . . . .
Recreation . . . .
Sociology . . . . .
Technology . . . .
Zoology . . . . . .
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.
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.
212
340
120
311
1,057
820
243
371
138
340
1,152
888
271
397
145
371
1,252
954
303
435
156
419
1,359
988
333
472
179
455
1,460
1,053
Agriculture . . . . . .
Anthropology . . . . .
Art and architecture
Astronomy . . . . . .
Biology . . . . . . . . .
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Source: Library Journal, New York, NY, Library Journal, April 15, 2005. (Copyright 2005, used with permission of Library
Journal, a publication of Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier.)
Table 1124. Periodicals—Percent Change in Average Retail Prices: 2002 to 2005
[Reflects change in prices for an annual subscription. Minus sign (-) indicates decrease]
Subject
2001−2002
2002−2003
2003−2004
2004−2005
.
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7.0
8.1
1.9
18.5
7.0
8.1
7.9
7.3
6.6
9.0
10.6
8.7
7.7
8.0
9.1
6.7
5.1
7.1
-1.4
7.3
Botany . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business and economics .
Chemistry . . . . . . . . . . .
Education . . . . . . . . . . .
Engineering. . . . . . . . . .
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6.1
9.8
8.5
9.2
8.7
7.8
10.2
7.9
8.1
8.1
9.2
8.8
7.7
8.8
8.4
9.0
8.7
6.3
9.6
8.6
Food science. . .
General science .
General works . .
Geography . . . .
Geology . . . . . .
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5.1
9.7
2.6
12.3
7.6
7.7
10.4
11.5
8.6
7.8
9.5
8.1
12.6
9.2
8.8
9.2
7.2
12.2
3.6
7.4
Health sciences . . . . . . . . . . .
History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Language and literature. . . . . .
Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Library and information science.
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7.4
5.2
6.5
9.5
6.7
9.1
10.7
10.4
9.8
10.2
9.2
11.2
11.0
8.9
9.9
8.2
9.4
9.2
6.8
11.9
Math and computer science .
Military and naval science . .
Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Philosophy and religion . . . .
Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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6.5
-4.6
11.7
7.1
8.9
7.0
7.9
8.1
10.7
7.9
8.5
8.5
4.3
10.2
7.8
5.8
16.1
17.5
7.7
6.6
Political science .
Psychology . . . .
Recreation . . . .
Sociology . . . . .
Technology . . . .
Zoology . . . . . .
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14.6
9.1
15.0
9.3
9.0
8.3
11.5
7.0
5.1
9.1
8.7
7.4
11.8
9.6
7.6
12.9
8.5
3.6
9.9
8.5
14.7
8.6
7.4
6.6
Agriculture . . . . . .
Anthropology . . . . .
Art and architecture
Astronomy . . . . . .
Biology . . . . . . . . .
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Source: Library Journal, New York, NY, Library Journal, April 15, 2005. (Copyright 2005, used with permission of Library
Journal, a publication of Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier.)
740
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1125. Quantity of Books Sold: 2000 to 2005
[In millions (2,461.9 represents 2,461,900,000). Represents net publishers’ shipments after returns. Includes all titles released
by publishers in the United States and imports which appear under the imprints of American publishers. Multivolume sets, such as
encyclopedias, are counted as one unit]
Type of publication
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005, proj.
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2,461.9
1,051.8
473.9
235.4
238.5
577.9
234.1
343.8
2,357.7
979.0
458.3
223.5
234.8
520.7
175.3
345.4
2,365.2
986.8
462.2
225.5
236.7
524.6
177.0
347.6
2,338.7
964.7
449.9
224.3
225.6
514.8
177.9
336.9
2,295.0
944.4
463.7
234.2
229.5
480.7
147.2
333.5
2,342.2
958.0
473.9
237.4
236.5
484.1
156.1
328.0
Mass market paperbacks—rack sized
Bookclubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mail order publications . . . . . . . . . .
Religious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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.
.
584.2
124.0
40.3
83.7
65.4
197.7
69.4
128.3
187.3
71.6
115.7
564.0
123.9
40.1
83.8
54.3
201.1
70.8
130.3
168.6
64.5
104.2
570.2
122.2
38.6
83.6
54.6
204.4
71.8
132.6
170.3
65.1
105.2
562.6
121.6
39.0
82.6
56.0
203.9
71.9
131.9
172.1
69.7
102.3
535.6
112.4
35.8
76.6
53.9
221.2
78.2
142.9
175.9
70.0
105.9
540.1
109.7
34.8
74.9
51.4
236.4
84.2
152.2
176.4
69.9
106.5
University press . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . .
Elhi text . . . . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . .
College text. . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . .
Subscription reference
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
25.7
7.8
17.9
160.4
56.9
103.5
64.3
28.6
35.7
1.2
24.5
7.4
17.1
174.3
61.8
112.5
66.8
29.9
36.9
1.2
24.9
7.5
17.4
162.2
57.4
104.8
68.4
30.6
37.8
1.2
24.5
7.5
17.1
162.8
57.3
105.5
69.2
30.9
38.3
1.2
23.5
7.2
16.3
158.9
55.9
103.0
68.0
30.2
37.8
1.2
23.7
7.3
16.5
178.2
62.7
115.6
67.1
29.8
37.3
1.2
Total . . . .
Trade . . . . . . .
Adult . . . . .
Hardback .
Paperback
Juvenile . . .
Hardback .
Paperback
.
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.
Source: Book Industry Study Group, Inc., New York, NY, Book Industry Trends, 2005, annual (copyright).
Table 1126. Books Sold—Value of U.S. Domestic Consumer Expenditures:
2000 to 2005
[In millions of dollars (36,136.2 represents $36,136,200,000). Includes all titles released by publishers in the United States and
imports which appear under the imprints of American publishers]
Type of publication
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005, proj.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
36,136.2
11,583.2
8,124.2
4,753.8
3,370.4
3,459.0
2,126.1
1,332.9
36,060.0
11,276.7
8,061.5
4,650.1
3,411.4
3,215.2
1,644.1
1,571.1
36,796.0
11,496.0
8,288.0
4,914.1
3,373.9
3,208.0
1,601.1
1,606.9
37,908.2
11,786.1
8,400.6
4,989.2
3,411.4
3,385.5
1,761.7
1,623.8
39,202.1
11,943.9
8,823.8
5,333.5
3,490.3
3,120.1
1,446.4
1,673.7
41,070.7
12,303.6
9,035.5
5,461.5
3,574.0
3,268.1
1,567.2
1,700.9
Mass market paperbacks—rack sized
Bookclubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mail order publications . . . . . . . . . .
Religious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
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.
.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
2,934.7
1,753.0
1,387.1
365.9
576.5
2,782.7
1,665.0
1,117.7
6,340.1
4,621.9
1,718.2
2,911.2
1,794.5
1,417.6
376.9
490.5
2,912.6
1,744.6
1,168.0
5,857.7
4,264.3
1,593.4
2,966.8
1,799.5
1,419.8
379.7
510.1
2,969.6
1,765.1
1,204.5
6,104.3
4,334.1
1,770.2
2,997.9
1,842.5
1,453.7
388.8
530.7
3,207.5
1,904.9
1,302.6
6,294.9
4,469.8
1,825.1
2,946.1
1,753.1
1,383.2
369.9
518.6
3,763.8
2,235.3
1,528.5
6,600.5
4,601.7
1,998.8
2,899.3
1,704.0
1,334.9
369.1
517.6
4,143.9
2,568.8
1,575.1
6,864.6
4,777.2
2,087.4
University press . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . .
Elhi text . . . . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . .
College text. . . . . . . .
Hardback . . . . . . .
Paperback . . . . . . .
Subscription reference
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
541.4
262.8
278.6
4,373.3
2,382.6
1,990.7
4,265.2
2,851.0
1,414.2
986.1
533.3
258.2
275.1
4,714.1
2,564.5
2,149.6
4,570.7
3,085.1
1,485.6
998.7
533.8
262.3
271.5
4,496.9
2,445.2
2,051.7
4,899.1
3,287.3
1,611.8
1,019.9
539.3
263.6
275.7
4,568.0
2,280.6
2,287.4
5,085.9
3,408.2
1,677.7
1,045.4
547.1
267.4
279.7
4,585.5
2,289.6
2,295.9
5,478.6
3,671.2
1,807.4
1,064.9
567.7
275.9
291.8
5,272.9
2,610.5
2,662.4
5,703.2
3,821.7
1,881.5
1,093.9
Total . . . .
Trade . . . . . . .
Adult . . . . .
Hardback .
Paperback
Juvenile . . .
Hardback .
Paperback
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
Source: Book Industry Study Group, Inc., New York, NY, Book Industry Trends, 2005, annual (copyright).
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
741
Table 1127. Book Publishers—Estimated Revenue and Inventories:
2001 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (26,096 represents $26,096,000,000), except percent. For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. For
NAICS 51113. Estimates have been adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the North American Industry Classification. System, 1997; see text, this section and Section 15. See also Appendix III. Minus sign (-) indicates decrease]
2001
2002
2003
Percent
change,
2001-02
Percent
change,
2002-03
26,096
21,211
1,499
819
298
186
141
(S)
37
1,896
4,092
3,936
156
27,203
22,436
1,404
992
274
235
144
7
52
1,657
4,325
4,154
171
26,326
21,822
1,454
816
230
(S)
150
(S)
58
1,561
4,220
4,076
145
4.2
5.8
-6.3
21.2
-7.9
26.4
2.3
(S)
39.3
-12.6
5.7
5.5
9.8
-3.2
-2.7
3.5
-17.8
-16.2
(S)
4.0
(S)
11.4
-5.8
-2.4
-1.9
-15.2
Item
Revenue, total . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Books, print, total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Books, internet, total . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Books, other media, total . . . . . . . . . .
Sale or licensing of rights to content . .
Contract printing services. . . . . . . . . .
Fulfillment services . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental or sale of mailing lists . . . . . . .
Publishing services for others . . . . . . .
Other services revenue . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories at end of year . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods and work-in-process.
Materials, supplies, fuel, etc. . . . . . .
.
.
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.
.
S Data do not meet publication standards.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>
(released December 2004)
Table 1128. Book Purchasing for Adults: 2000 and 2004
[In percent. Excludes all books purchased for children under age 14. Based on an ongoing survey of 16,000 households
conducted over 12 months ending in December of year shown. For details, see source]
Total
Characteristic
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Age of purchaser:
Under 25 years old . . . . . .
25 to 34 years old . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years old . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years old . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years old . . . . . . .
65 years old and over . . . .
Education of household head:
Not a high school graduate .
High school graduate . . . . .
College graduate . . . . . . . .
Post college . . . . . . . . . . .
Household income:
Under $30,000 . . . . . . . . .
$30,000 to 49,999 . . . . . . .
$50,000 to 74,999 . . . . . . .
$75,000 and over . . . . . . .
Household size:
One member . . . . . . . . . .
Two members . . . . . . . . . .
Three or more members . . .
Age of intended reader:
Under 25 years old . . . . . .
25 to 34 years old . . . . . . .
35 to 44 years old . . . . . . .
45 to 54 years old . . . . . . .
55 to 64 years old . . . . . . .
65 years old and over . . . .
Category of book:
Popular fiction. . . . . . . . .
General nonfiction . . . . . .
Cooking/crafts. . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Where purchased (channel):
Book stores 4 . . . . . . . . .
Mass merchandisers . . . .
Book clubs . . . . . . . . . . .
Online retailer/Internet . . .
Other 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.....
Mass market
1
Trade
2
Hardcover
2000
2004
2000
2004
2000
2004
2000
2004
Audio,
2004 3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
5.0
13.7
19.4
24.2
17.2
20.5
5.1
11.0
17.4
22.8
21.0
22.8
4.4
10.9
15.4
23.4
20.2
25.8
3.2
7.7
15.7
20.4
23.6
29.4
6.3
17.9
24.5
24.8
14.1
12.6
8.4
16.0
20.4
23.7
18.1
13.5
4.6
14.6
22.0
26.3
15.0
17.6
5.2
11.2
17.4
24.7
20.5
21.1
6.4
10.6
17.9
24.1
17.0
24.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
12.0
54.3
17.2
16.5
12.5
54.5
17.0
16.0
11.6
61.4
15.6
11.4
15.2
59.8
14.8
10.2
7.8
46.9
21.4
23.9
8.1
48.0
20.8
23.1
12.5
49.0
18.3
20.2
11.2
52.8
17.2
18.8
5.9
46.9
28.9
18.3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
34.7
20.3
16.8
28.2
32.6
20.0
17.8
29.6
37.9
21.0
16.5
24.6
36.4
19.3
16.9
27.4
27.3
21.2
18.1
33.4
29.7
19.6
18.6
32.1
29.4
20.1
18.2
32.3
27.2
21.6
18.4
32.8
32.3
13.1
28.1
26.5
.....
.....
.....
28.8
41.1
30.2
30.5
42.1
27.5
29.6
39.7
30.7
29.6
44.7
25.6
27.2
41.7
31.2
30.8
38.7
30.6
27.9
42.8
29.3
30.4
42.6
27.0
43.0
32.7
24.4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7.5
14.0
18.9
23.4
16.4
19.9
7.4
11.3
16.8
21.9
20.4
22.3
5.3
11.1
15.1
23.2
19.5
25.8
4.2
7.9
15.0
20.6
23.2
29.2
11.5
18.1
22.7
23.4
12.6
11.6
13.0
16.9
19.5
21.1
16.8
12.8
6.9
15.5
22.0
24.9
14.2
16.5
7.5
11.4
17.1
23.7
20.1
20.3
7.1
11.0
18.4
24.2
15.0
24.2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
51.3
5.3
6.4
37.0
53.7
6.9
5.2
34.2
94.8
1.8
0.1
3.3
89.0
2.3
0.1
8.6
21.6
9.6
15.6
53.2
23.5
11.0
12.7
52.8
33.6
9.2
11.4
45.7
39.9
11.2
7.6
41.3
42.2
11.8
1.8
44.2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
30.8
9.4
19.9
6.8
33.1
35.2
7.9
18.8
10.5
27.6
29.6
17.3
19.9
3.9
29.3
31.1
14.5
22.1
4.2
28.1
43.9
4.5
8.2
10.5
33.0
45.7
3.9
8.1
15.5
26.9
26.1
3.3
29.1
9.4
32.1
33.6
2.8
23.4
15.1
25.1
28.8
8.0
8.0
9.0
46.2
NA Not available. 1 ‘‘Pocket size’’ books sold primarily through magazine and news outlets, supermarkets, variety stores,
etc. 2 All paperbound books, except mass market. 3 Audio and digital books were added to questionnaire in January 2001.
Sample size for digital book purchasing (i.e. e-Books) was too small to show detailed breaks. 4 Includes independent, chain and
used bookstores. 5 Includes mail order, price clubs, discount stores, food/drug stores, multimedia, and other outlets.
Source: Ipsos-NPD, Inc., Chicago IL., Ipsos BookTrends, a service mark of Ipsos-NPD, Inc. (copyright).
742
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1129. Software Publishers—Estimated Revenue and Inventories:
2001 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (90,591 represents $90,591,000,000). For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. Covers NAICS 5112.
Estimates have been adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the North American Industry Classification
System, 1997; see text this section, and Section 15]
2001
2002
2003
Percent
change,
2001-02
Percent
change,
2002-03
.........
90,591
88,846
89,889
-1.9
1.2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
31,842
9,217
7,543
9,929
31,459
10,010
7,963
8,602
31,497
10,390
8,493
8,077
-1.2
8.6
5.6
-13.4
0.1
3.8
6.6
-6.1
.........
.........
3,717
1,437
3,535
1,348
3,233
1,305
-4.9
-6.1
-8.5
-3.2
...
37,297
37,473
38,492
0.5
2.7
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
16,980
11,580
7,414
943
380
17,940
10,643
7,717
850
323
19,113
10,561
7,699
845
274
5.7
-8.1
4.1
-9.9
-15.0
6.5
-0.8
-0.2
-0.6
-15.1
...
...
4,045
5,847
4,029
5,004
3,357
4,743
-0.4
-14.4
-16.7
-5.2
...
...
1,245
7,667
1,173
7,459
885
8,768
-5.8
-2.7
-24.5
17.5
31,842
5,759
17,931
8,153
37,297
12,218
23,362
1,717
1,671
1,310
361
31,459
6,767
16,504
7,798
37,473
13,116
22,457
(S)
2,072
1,691
381
31,497
7,357
16,456
7,300
38,492
14,270
21,403
(S)
1,811
1,417
394
-1.2
17.5
-8.0
-4.4
0.5
7.4
-3.9
(S)
24.0
29.1
5.5
0.1
8.7
-0.3
-6.4
2.7
8.8
-4.7
(S)
-12.6
-16.2
3.4
Item
Revenue 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Source of revenue:
System software publishing, total . . . .
Operating system software . . . . . . .
Network software . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Database management software . . .
Development tools and programming
languages software . . . . . . . . . . .
Other systems software . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Application software publishing, total . . . . . . . .
General business productivity and home use
applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cross-industry application software . . . . . . .
Vertical market application software . . . . . . .
Utilities software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other application software . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Customization and integration of packaged
software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information technology consulting services . . . .
Information technology-related training
services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Breakdown of revenue:
System software 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal computer software . . . . . . . . . . . .
Enterprise software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mainframe computer software . . . . . . . . . . .
Application software 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal computer software . . . . . . . . . . . .
Enterprise software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mainframe computer software . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories at end of year . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods and work-in-process . . . . . . . .
Materials, supplies, fuel, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
S Data do not meet publication standards. 1 Includes other sources and types of revenue, not shown separately.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>.
(released December 2004)
Table 1130. Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries—Estimated
Revenue and Inventories: 1998 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (59,404 represents $59,404,000,000), except percent. For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms.
Except where indicated, estimates have been adjusted to results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the North American
Industry Classification System, 1997; see text, this section, and Section 15]
Item
Motion picture and recording industries
(NAICS 512):
Operating revenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods and work-in-process . .
Materials, supplies, fuel, etc. . . . . . . .
Motion picture and video (NAICS 5121):
Operating revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods and work-in-process
Materials, supplies, fuel, etc. . . . . .
Sound recording (NAICS 5122): 1
Operating revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods and work-in-process
Materials, supplies, fuel, etc. . . . . .
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
59,404
13,853
13,686
168
64,023
14,837
14,656
181
67,745
15,270
15,062
208
69,152
15,266
15,041
225
74,020
16,145
15,943
202
77,901
18,627
18,437
190
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
48,002
13,536
13,420
117
51,448
14,531
14,408
123
54,040
14,912
14,777
135
55,937
14,874
14,729
(S)
60,486
15,731
15,603
(S)
64,096
18,225
18,117
107
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
11,403
317
266
51
12,575
306
248
58
13,705
359
286
73
13,215
393
313
80
13,535
414
340
74
13,804
402
320
82
S Data do not meet publication standards. 1 Estimates not adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>.
(released December 2004)
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
743
Table 1131. Recording Media—Manufacturers’ Shipments and Value:
1990 to 2004
[865.7 represents 865,700,000. Based on reports of RIAA member companies who distributed about 84 percent of the
prerecorded music in 2004. These data are supplemented by other sources. Minus sign (-) indicates returns greater than
shipments]
Medium
UNIT SHIPMENTS
1990
1995
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
865.7
286.5
1.1
442.2
87.4
11.7
27.6
9.2
(X)
(X)
1,112.7
722.9
21.5
272.6
70.7
2.2
10.2
12.6
(X)
(X)
1,160.6
938.9
55.9
123.6
14.2
2.9
5.3
19.8
2.5
(X)
1,079.2
942.5
34.2
76.0
1.3
2.2
4.8
18.2
3.3
(X)
968.5
881.9
17.3
45.0
-1.5
2.3
5.5
17.7
7.9
0.3
859.7
803.3
4.5
31.1
-0.5
1.7
4.4
14.7
10.7
0.4
798.4
745.9
8.3
17.2
(NA)
1.5
3.8
19.9
17.5
0.4
814.1
766.9
3.1
5.2
(NA)
1.3
3.5
32.7
29.0
0.35
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
7,541.1
3,451.6
6.0
3,472.4
257.9
86.5
94.4
172.3
(X)
(X)
12,320.3
9,377.4
110.9
2,303.6
236.3
25.1
46.7
220.3
(X)
(X)
14,584.7
12,816.3
222.4
1,061.6
48.0
31.8
27.9
376.7
66.3
(X)
14,323.7
13,214.5
142.7
626.0
4.6
27.7
26.3
281.9
80.3
(X)
13,740.9
12,909.4
79.4
363.4
-5.3
27.4
31.4
329.2
190.7
6.0
12,614.2
12,044.1
19.6
209.8
-1.6
20.5
24.9
288.4
236.3
8.5
11,854.4
11,232.9
35.9
108.1
(NA)
21.7
21.5
399.9
369.6
8.0
12,154.7
11,446.5
14.9
23.6
(NA)
19.2
19.8
607.2
561.1
6.4
1
(mil.)
Total 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CD singles. . . . . . . . . . . .
Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cassette singles . . . . . . . .
Albums—LPs and EPs. . . .
Vinyl singles . . . . . . . . . .
Music video . . . . . . . . . . .
DVD video . . . . . . . . . .
DVD audio. . . . . . . . . . . .
VALUE (mil. dol.)
Total 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CD singles. . . . . . . . . . . .
Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cassette singles . . . . . . . .
Albums—LPs and EPs. . . .
Vinyl singles . . . . . . . . . .
Music video . . . . . . . . . . .
DVD video . . . . . . . . . .
DVD audio. . . . . . . . . . . .
X Not applicable. 1 Net units, after returns. 2 Includes discontinued media. Beginning 2003 includes super audio compact
disks (SACD), not shown separately.
Source: Recording Industry Association of America, Washington, DC, 2004 Year End Statistics and earlier issues (copyright).
See Internet site <http://www.riaa.com> (accessed 20 May 2005).
Table 1132. Profile of Consumer Expenditures for Sound Recordings—Percent
Distribution: 1990 to 2003
[In percent. Based on monthly telephone surveys of the population 10 years old and over]
Item
Total
1
.......
Age: 10 to 14 years .
15 to 19 years . . .
20 to 24 years . . .
25 to 29 years . . .
30 to 34 years . . .
35 to 39 years . . .
40 to 44 years . . .
45 years and over .
Sex: Male . . . . . . . .
Female . . . . . . . .
Sales outlet:
Record store . . . .
Other store. . . . . .
Tape/record club . .
Ad or 800 number .
Internet 2 . . . . . . .
Music type: 3
Rock . . . . . . . . . .
Rap/Hip Hop. . . . .
R&B/Urban. . . . . .
Country . . . . . . . .
Pop . . . . . . . . . .
Religious . . . . . . .
Classical . . . . . . .
Jazz . . . . . . . . . .
Soundtracks . . . . .
Oldies . . . . . . . . .
New age . . . . . . .
Children’s. . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . .
Media type: CDs. . . .
Cassettes . . . . . .
Singles (all types) .
Music video 4 . . . .
DVD audio . . . . . .
Digital download . .
SACD 5 . . . . . . . .
Vinyl LPs . . . . . . .
1990
1995
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100.0
7.6
18.3
16.5
14.6
13.2
10.2
7.8
11.1
54.4
45.6
100.0
8.0
17.1
15.3
12.3
12.1
10.8
7.5
16.1
53.0
47.0
100.0
9.1
15.8
12.2
11.4
11.4
12.6
8.3
18.1
48.7
51.3
100.0
8.5
12.6
12.6
10.5
10.1
10.4
9.3
24.7
50.3
49.7
100.0
8.9
12.9
12.5
10.6
9.8
10.6
9.6
23.8
50.6
49.4
100.0
8.5
13.0
12.2
10.9
10.3
10.2
10.3
23.7
48.8
51.2
100.0
8.9
13.3
11.5
9.4
10.8
9.8
9.9
25.5
49.4
50.6
100.0
8.6
11.4
10.0
10.9
10.1
11.2
10.0
26.6
49.1
50.9
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
69.8
18.5
8.9
2.5
(NA)
52.0
28.2
14.3
4.0
(NA)
50.8
34.4
9.0
2.9
1.1
44.5
38.3
7.9
2.5
2.4
42.4
40.8
7.6
2.4
3.2
42.5
42.4
6.1
3.0
2.9
36.8
50.7
4.0
2.0
3.4
33.2
52.8
4.1
1.5
5.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
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.
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.
.
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.
.
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.
.
.
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
36.1
8.5
11.6
9.6
13.7
2.5
3.1
4.8
0.8
0.8
1.1
0.5
5.6
31.1
54.7
8.7
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
4.7
33.5
6.7
11.3
16.7
10.1
3.1
2.9
3.0
0.9
1.0
0.7
0.5
7.0
65.0
25.1
7.5
0.9
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
0.5
25.7
9.7
12.8
14.1
10.0
6.3
3.3
1.9
1.7
0.7
0.6
0.4
7.9
74.8
14.8
6.8
1.0
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
0.7
25.2
10.8
10.5
10.8
10.3
5.1
3.5
3.0
0.8
0.7
0.5
0.4
9.1
83.2
8.0
5.4
0.9
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
0.5
24.8
12.9
9.7
10.7
11.0
4.8
2.7
2.9
0.7
0.9
0.5
0.6
8.3
89.3
4.9
2.5
0.8
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
0.5
24.4
11.4
10.6
10.5
12.1
6.7
3.2
3.4
1.4
0.8
1.0
0.5
7.9
89.2
3.4
2.4
1.1
1.1
0.2
(NA)
0.6
24.7
13.8
11.2
10.7
9.0
6.7
3.1
3.2
1.1
0.9
0.5
0.4
8.1
90.5
2.4
1.9
0.7
1.3
0.5
(NA)
0.7
25.2
13.3
10.6
10.4
8.9
5.8
3.0
2.9
1.4
1.3
0.5
0.6
7.6
87.8
2.2
2.4
0.6
2.7
1.3
0.5
0.5
NA Not available. 1 Percent distributions exclude nonresponses and responses of ″Don’t know.″ 2 Excludes record club
purchases over the Internet. 3 As classified by respondent. 4 Beginning 2001 includes video DVDs. 5 Super audio compact
disks.
Source: Recording Industry Association of America, Washington, DC, 2004 Year End Statistics and earlier issues (copyright).
See Internet site <http://www.riaa.com> (accessed 20 May 2005).
744
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1133. Radio and Television Broadcasting—Estimated Revenue and
Expenses: 2001 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (47,840 represents $47,840,000,000). For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. Estimates have been
adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the North American Industry Classification System, 1997; see text,
this section, and Section 15]
Total
(NAICS 5131)
Item
Operating revenue . . . . . . .
Station time sales . . . . . . . . . . . .
Network compensation . . . . . . .
National/regional advertising . . . . .
Local advertising revenue. . . . . . .
Network time sales . . . . . . . . . . .
Program rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Production and post-production
services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Public and non-commercial
programming rights . . . . . . . . . .
Other operating services revenue .
Operating Expenses 1 . . . . .
Annual payroll . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employer contributions to
employee benefit plans . . . . . . .
Contract labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total materials and supplies . . . . .
Total purchased services 1 . . . . . .
Data processing and other
computer services . . . . . . . . .
Communication services . . . . . .
Advertising and promotional
services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional services 2 . . . . . . .
Lease and rental payments . . . .
Broadcast rights and music license
fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxes and license fees . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
Radio broadcasting
(NAICS 51311)
TV broadcasting
(NAICS 51312)
2001
2002
2003
2001
2002
2003
2001
2002
2003
47,840
28,820
514
9,502
18,803
14,322
177
51,822
31,197
486
10,729
19,982
15,655
272
51,904
31,273
468
10,415
20,391
15,653
251
13,740
11,489
91
2,538
8,861
935
171
14,774
12,120
97
2,807
9,217
1,122
259
14,967
12,041
90
2,722
9,229
1,156
241
34,100
17,331
424
6,964
9,943
13,387
(S)
37,048
19,077
390
7,922
10,766
14,534
(S)
36,937
19,232
378
7,692
11,163
14,497
(S)
(S)
66
90
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2,126
2,339
39,714
11,242
2,035
2,597
40,724
11,824
2,145
2,492
40,667
12,178
(S)
619
11,242
4,476
(S)
695
11,256
4,564
(S)
911
11,437
4,531
1,604
1,720
28,472
6,766
1,479
1,901
29,468
7,261
1,534
1,581
29,229
7,647
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1,541
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,475
313
(NA)
(NA)
1,594
293
423
5,954
566
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
582
208
(NA)
(NA)
558
194
152
2,696
975
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
893
105
(NA)
(NA)
1,037
99
271
3,258
..
..
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
350
120
397
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
156
11
174
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
194
109
223
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1,445
(NA)
(NA)
787
1,559
300
(NA)
871
1,824
335
592
787
523
(NA)
(NA)
386
624
127
(NA)
354
767
134
251
357
923
(NA)
(NA)
401
934
173
(NA)
517
1,058
202
342
430
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
11,898
4,048
(NA)
7,852
12,750
2,855
694
6,531
12,141
2,761
766
4,557
728
1,572
(NA)
2,623
657
904
461
2,136
704
1,020
489
1,093
11,170
2,475
(NA)
5,229
12,092
1,951
233
4,395
11,436
1,741
277
3,464
NA Not available. S Does not meet publication standards. 1 Includes other expenses, not shown separately.
Management consulting, administrative, and other.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>
(released December 2004).
2
Table 1134. Cable and Pay TV—Summary: 1975 to 2004
[9,800 represents 9,800,000. Cable TV for calendar year. Pay TV as of December 31 of year shown]
Cable TV
Year
Pay TV
Revenue 1
(mil. dol.)
Units
2
(1,000)
Monthly rate (dol.)
Avg. basic
sub
scribers
(1,000)
Avg.
monthly
basic rate
(dol.)
Total
Basic
Total
pay 3
Pay
cable
Noncable
delivered
premium
All-pay
weighted
average 3
Pay
cable
Noncable
delivered
premium
1975 . . . . .
1980 . . . . .
1985 . . . . .
9,800
17,500
35,440
6.50
7.69
9.73
804
2,609
8,831
764
1,615
4,138
194
8,581
29,885
194
7,336
29,418
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
8.91
10.29
7.85
8.62
10.25
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
50,520
52,570
54,300
56,200
58,373
16.78
18.10
19.08
4
19.39
21.62
17,582
19,426
21,079
22,809
21,531
10,174
11,418
12,433
13,528
15,144
39,902
39,983
40,893
42,010
47,478
39,751
36,569
36,879
37,113
42,528
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
4,950
10.35
10.35
10.29
9.27
8.19
10.30
10.27
10.17
9.11
8.33
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
6.99
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
60,550
62,300
63,600
64,650
65,500
23.07
24.41
26.48
27.81
28.92
24,137
26,195
28,931
31,191
34,095
16,763
18,249
20,213
21,574
22,732
55,723
63,705
72,785
80,605
88,455
46,798
49,728
51,933
55,280
59,005
8,925
13,977
20,852
25,325
29,450
8.29
7.98
8.31
8.58
8.73
8.54
8.12
8.43
8.74
8.85
6.99
7.50
8.00
8.22
8.50
...
...
...
...
est..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
66,250
66,732
66,472
66,050
65,853
30.37
32.87
34.71
36.59
38.23
37,070
42,577
48,733
54,285
59,846
24,142
26,324
27,690
29,000
30,214
102,590
115,325
118,575
119,927
122,248
65,918
75,433
77,292
78,939
80,753
36,672
39,892
41,283
40,988
41,495
8.69
8.95
9.19
9.37
10.03
8.81
9.10
9.29
9.45
10.11
8.48
8.66
9.00
9.23
9.88
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
NA Not available. 1 Includes installation revenue, subscriber revenue, and nonsubscriber revenue; excludes telephony and
high-speed access. 2 Individual program services sold to subscribers. 3 Includes multipoint distribution service (MDS), satellite
TV (STV), multipoint multichannel distribution service (MMDS), satellite master antenna TV (SMATV), C-band satellite, and DBS
satellite. Includes average pay unit price based on data for major premium pay movie services. 4 Weighted average representing
8 months of unregulated basic rate and 4 months of FCC rolled-back rate.
Source: Kagan Research LLC. From the Broadband Cable Financial Databook 2003, 2004 (copyright); The Pay TV
Newsletter, June 28, 2002, July 31, 2002; and Cable Program Investor, Dec. 23, 2003, December 16, 2004, and various other
publications.
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
745
Table 1135. Cable Networks and Program Distribution Services—Estimated
Revenue and Expenses: 2001 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (74,420 represents $74,420,000,000). For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. Covers NAICS 5132.
Estimates have been adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the North American Industry Classification
System; see text, this section, and Section 15. Minus sign (-) indicates decrease]
2001
2002
2003
Percent
change,
2001-02
Percent
change,
2002-03
Item
Operating revenue 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air time (advertising) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specialty programming service . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic programming service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Premium cable programming packages . . . . . . .
Pay-per-view service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Program distribution equipment sales and rentals.
Other program distribution related services . . . . .
Internet access services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic fixed local telephony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Annual payroll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employer contributions to employee
benefit plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contract labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total materials and supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total purchased services 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising and promotional services . . . . . . .
Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional services 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lease and rental payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Program and production costs . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxes and license fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NA Not available.
tion, and other.
1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
74,420
12,225
12,466
32,148
5,215
1,927
1,779
2,350
2,314
844
70,821
10,640
80,536
12,835
14,087
34,340
5,353
2,133
1,775
2,303
3,664
873
69,677
10,705
90,456
14,269
15,635
37,626
5,022
2,352
1,907
2,338
6,561
1,418
74,586
11,354
8.2
5.0
13.0
6.8
2.6
10.7
-0.2
-2.0
58.4
3.4
-1.6
0.6
12.3
11.2
11.0
9.6
-6.2
10.3
7.4
1.5
79.0
62.5
7.0
6.1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2,019
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
2,319
(NA)
(NA)
1,058
22,177
16,869
(NA)
14,062
1,897
958
(NA)
(NA)
607
2,703
340
(NA)
974
24,430
12,726
878
11,380
2,243
1,406
702
7,311
867
2,886
340
649
1,119
27,957
14,149
1,076
8,389
-6.1
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
16.6
(NA)
(NA)
-7.9
10.2
-24.6
(NA)
-19.1
18.3
46.8
(NA)
(NA)
42.9
6.8
0.1
(NA)
14.9
14.4
11.2
22.5
-26.3
Includes other revenues and expenses, not shown separately.
2
Management consulting, administra-
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>
(released December 2004).
Table 1136. Telecommunications—Estimated Revenue and Expenses:
2001 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (363,151 represents $363,151,000,000), except percent. For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms.
Except for NAICS 51332, wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite), estimates have been adjusted to the results of
the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the North American Industry Classification System, 1997; see text, this section, and Section
15. See Table 1137 for cellular and other wireless telecommunications carriers, NAICS 513322]
Telecommunucations
(NAICS 5133)
Item
Operating revenue . . . . . . .
Fixed total 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fixed local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic service . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fixed long-distance . . . . . . . . . .
Outbound service . . . . . . . . . .
Dedicated network services . . . .
Data transmission services . . . . .
Mobile total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mobile telephony services. . . . . .
Local access and use . . . . . . .
Carrier services . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Network access . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other telecommunications services
Other services revenue . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . .
Annual payroll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employer contributions to Social Security
and other supplemental benefits . . . . .
Contract labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total materials and supplies . . . . . . . . .
Total purchased services 1 . . . . . . . . . .
Communication services. . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising and promotional services . .
Professional services 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lease and rental payments. . . . . . . . .
Access charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Universal service contributions
and other similar charges . . . . . . . . . .
Taxes and license fees . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wired telecommunications
carriers (NAICS 51331)
2001
2002
2003
2001
2002
2003
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
363,151
185,214
85,692
70,258
75,078
64,475
11,342
7,970
74,824
69,446
49,963
61,190
52,835
10,494
31,429
350,137
168,854
81,501
67,680
64,204
55,035
10,956
7,911
85,659
81,426
59,887
58,423
52,153
10,649
26,552
348,030
153,980
75,611
62,774
56,392
48,983
10,001
7,677
94,981
91,235
69,633
57,380
51,176
11,752
29,939
260,122
175,627
84,370
69,052
71,025
61,219
8,107
7,196
(S)
(X)
(X)
54,755
50,171
5,918
(S)
237,376
159,711
80,011
66,360
60,753
52,224
7,883
7,155
(S)
(X)
(X)
53,547
49,334
4,752
(S)
222,563
145,465
74,134
61,460
53,102
46,102
7,245
6,932
(S)
(X)
(X)
52,166
47,723
4,418
19,142
......
......
331,185
66,373
303,046
56,317
302,264
57,876
235,258
50,931
202,764
42,640
196,783
42,804
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
15,459
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
8,827
(NA)
8,986
40,641
73,846
15,649
4,011
(NA)
(NA)
7,523
8,194
(NA)
9,193
37,568
62,084
17,170
4,466
6,462
43,500
6,345
8,510
6,110
8,887
38,235
64,397
12,473
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
4,357
(NA)
4,893
31,410
52,661
12,909
2,118
(NA)
(NA)
5,593
3,401
(NA)
4,674
28,872
43,396
13,802
2,382
4,828
25,966
4,236
3,270
4,409
3,875
29,715
42,520
......
......
......
4,017
(NA)
91,435
3,510
6,229
70,910
3,434
6,966
59,757
3,274
(NA)
58,363
2,825
5,395
(S)
2,543
6,019
26,205
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
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.
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
Includes other revenue sources and
NA Not available. S Does not meet publication standards.
X Not applicable.
expenses, not shown separately. 2 Includes management consulting, administration, and other professional services.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>
(released December 2004)
746
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1137. Cellular and Other Wireless Telecommunications Carriers—
Estimated Revenue and Expenses: 2001 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (78,239 represents $78,239,000,000). For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. For NAICS 513322. Estimates have been adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the North American Industry Classification System, 1997; see text, this section and Section 15. See Table 1136 for telecommunications total and wired carriers (NAICS 5133 and
51331). Minus sign (-) indicates decrease]
2001
2002
2003
Percent
change,
2001-02
Percent
change,
2002-03
Item
Operating revenue . . .
Mobile total . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mobile telephony services 1
Local access and use . . .
Mobile long distance . . . .
Mobile all distance . . . . .
Messaging services. . . . . .
Mobile dispatch services . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
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.
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.
.
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.
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.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
78,239
67,819
67,224
49,632
4,861
8,219
418
178
91,521
79,526
78,995
59,246
5,758
9,631
333
198
104,228
89,898
89,368
69,050
5,122
10,238
366
(S)
17.0
17.3
17.5
19.4
18.5
17.2
-20.3
11.8
13.9
13.0
13.1
16.5
-11.0
6.3
9.8
(S)
Carrier services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Network access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other telecommunications services . . . . . . . . .
Other services revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Annual payroll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employer contributions to social security and
other supplemental benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contract labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total materials and supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total purchased services 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing and other computer services
Communication services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising and promotional services . . . . . .
Electricity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Professional services 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lease and rental payments. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Access charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Universal service contributions
and other similar charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxes and license fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2,719
1,090
2,385
5,316
71,665
10,585
2,596
1,135
3,015
6,384
82,140
9,898
2,289
1,265
3,688
8,353
87,243
11,377
-4.5
4.1
26.4
20.1
14.6
-6.5
-11.8
11.5
22.3
30.8
6.2
14.9
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2,043
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
4,078
(NA)
(NA)
2,974
6,544
15,871
2,226
1,640
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,265
4,482
233
(NA)
3,387
6,223
15,397
2,786
1,728
1,372
13,832
404
1,408
4,934
262
1,135
4,011
6,455
18,357
9.0
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
9.9
(NA)
(NA)
13.9
-4.9
-3.0
25.2
5.4
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
11.3
10.1
12.5
(NA)
18.4
3.7
19.2
.........
.........
.........
617
(NA)
26,300
584
646
30,218
797
729
29,809
-5.4
(NA)
14.9
36.4
12.9
-1.4
NA Not available. S Data do not meet publication standards. 1 Includes other revenue source and expenses, not shown
separately. 2 Includes management consulting, administration, and other professional services.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>
(released December 2004).
Table 1138. Telecommunications Industry—Carriers and Revenue:
1995 to 2003
[Revenue in millions of dollars (190,076 represents $190,076,000,000). Data based on carrier filings to the FCC. Because of
reporting changes, data beginning 2000 are not strictly comparable with previous years; see source for details]
Carriers
Category
Total
2
2000
2001
3,058
4,879
5,001
4,390
4,636 190,076 292,762 301,799 292,341 291,123
..
1,675
2,641
2,755
2,531
2,681 103,792 128,075 133,502 130,941 126,860
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1,347
271
57
57
(4)
1,335
699
607
479
105
1,335
751
669
511
132
1,310
606
615
451
100
1,303 102,820 116,158 117,885 114,990 109,480
605
349
972
836
641
523
773
623 10,945 14,781 15,310 16,857
601
623
9,814 12,998 13,043 15,509
100
(4)
879
1,393
1,538
721
..
..
(4)
(4)
23
(4)
26
(4)
64
(4)
72
(4)
(4)
(4)
4
4
4
4
4
4
..............
Local service providers . . . .
Incumbent local exchange
carriers (ILECs) . . . . . . .
Pay telephone providers . .
Competitors of ILECs . . . . .
CAPs and CLECs 3 . . . . .
Local resellers . . . . . . . .
Other local exchange
carriers . . . . . . . . . . . .
Private carriers . . . . . . . .
Shared tenant service
providers . . . . . . . . . . .
Telecommunications revenue
2002
1
1995
2003
1995
2000
11
39
2001
329
15
2002
406
281
2003
338
267
..
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
202
46
42
22
Wireless service providers 5 . . .
Telephony 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Paging service providers . . . .
930
792
138
1,430
783
425
1,306
670
425
927
422
346
939
413
347
18,627
17,208
(4)
63,280
59,823
3,102
74,596
71,887
2,197
80,467
78,568
1,473
89,342
88,168
1,007
Toll service providers . . . . .
Interexchange carriers . . .
Operator service providers
Prepaid service providers .
Satellite service carriers . .
Toll resellers. . . . . . . . . .
Other toll carriers . . . . . .
453
130
25
8
(4)
260
30
808
212
20
23
25
493
35
940
233
19
27
34
558
69
932
229
18
27
33
574
51
1,026
232
17
50
40
642
45
76,447 101,407
70,938 87,311
500
635
16
727
(4)
336
4,220 10,641
773
1,758
93,702
81,272
611
133
373
8,797
2,516
80,934
68,146
554
460
406
9,279
2,089
74,920
61,246
567
812
663
9,294
2,339
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
Counts dropped in 2002 because many affiliated filers were allowed to file consolidated reports. 2 Revenue data include
adjustments, not shown separately. For 1995, revenue data include some nontelecommunications revenue, formerly reported as
local exchange wireless revenue. 3 Competitive access providers (CAPs) and competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs).
4
Data not available separately. 5 Beginning 2000, includes specialized mobile radio services and other services, not shown
separately. 6 Cellular service, personal communications service, and specialized mobile radio.
Source: U.S. Federal Communications Commission, Trends in Telephone Service, annual.
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
747
Table 1139. Telephone Systems—Summary: 1985 to 2003
[112 represents 112,000,000. Covers principal carriers filing annual reports with Federal Communications Commission]
Item
Unit
LOCAL EXCHANGE CARRIERS
2
Carriers 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Access lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business access lines . . . . . . . .
Residential access lines . . . . . . .
Other access lines (public, mobile,
special) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
55
112
31
79
. . . . Millions .
2
6
19
38
55
. 365
. (NA)
. 191
.
49
. 142
. 162
.
63
.
73
.
32
.
48
.
13
.
9
. (NA)
. (NA)
402
63
240
89
151
180
74
84
37
62
14
11
569
23
484
94
284
127
157
197
72
96
46
72
14
11
447
21
544
97
325
163
161
200
70
108
55
78
18
12
436
23
554
102
342
176
166
204
67
113
58
79
20
13
436
24
Number of local calls (originating) . . . .
Number of toll calls (originating) . . . . .
Gross book cost of plant . . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation and amortization reserves.
Net plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . .
Operating revenues. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses 4 . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net operating income 5 . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Compensation of employees . . . . . . . .
Average monthly residential local
telephone rate 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average monthly single-line business
telephone rate 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LONG DISTANCE CARRIERS
Number of carriers with presubscribed
lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of presubscribed lines . . . . . .
Total toll service revenues 7 . . . . . . . .
Interstate switched-access minutes . . .
INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE
SERVICE 8
Number of U.S. billed calls . . . . . . . . .
Number of U.S. billed minutes. . . . . . .
U.S. billed revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U.S. carrier revenue net of settlements
with foreign carriers . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Revenue from private-line service . . . .
Revenue from resale service. . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
87
105
120
459
90
367
210
157
195
58
103
51
79
23
8
333
23
425
81
368
222
146
182
47
108
51
83
9
4
303
23
. . Dollars . . (NA) 19.24 20.01 19.76 19.93 20.78
22.62
23.38
24.31
. . Dollars . . (NA) 41.21 41.80 41.29 41.21 41.80
42.43
43.59
43.75
583 (NA) (NA) (NA)
153 (NA) (NA) (NA)
90 105 108 110
432 519 553 567
(NA)
(NA)
99
538
(NA)
(NA)
84
486
(NA)
(NA)
77
444
. . Millions . 425 984 2,830 4,477 5,305 5,742
. . Millions . 3,446 8,03015,88924,25028,51530,135
. . Mil. dol. . 3,487 8,05914,33514,72614,98014,909
6,265
33,287
11,380
5,926
35,063
9,773
7,350
42,664
8,944
. . Mil. dol. . 2,332 5,188 9,39710,24210,37910,982
. . Mil. dol. . 172 201 514 921 1,216 1,480
. . Mil. dol. . (NA) 167 1,756 4,798 4,528 7,600
8,034
1,467
5,341
6,931
988
4,871
5,964
620
5,420
325
132
67
307
52
245
58
115
1
515
98
360
194
166
208
66
109
55
77
19
11
386
23
Number . (NA)
Millions . (NA)
Bil. dol. .
55
Bil. min. . 167
52
228
57
115
2003
72
.
.
.
.
52
205
57
110
1
537
106
362
190
172
214
72
117
60
81
20
15
434
24
.
.
.
.
53
166
46
101
2002
28
268
49
99
Billions.
Billions.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
Bil. dol.
(1,000).
Bil. dol.
51
130
36
89
1
29
262
54
103
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Number
Millions
Millions
Millions
2001
30
253
54
112
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1985 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000
NA Not available. 1 Beginning 2001, detailed financial data only filed by regional Bell-operating companies. Access lines and
2
Gross operating revenues, gross plant, and total assets of reporting carriers
calls reported by 50 reporting companies.
estimated at more than 90 percent of total industry. New accounting rules became effective in 1990; prior years may not be directly
comparable on a one-to-one basis. Includes Virgin Islands, and prior to 1995, Puerto Rico. 3 The reporting threshold for carriers
4
Excludes taxes. 5 After tax deductions. 6 Based on surveys conducted by
is $100 million in annual operating revenue.
FCC. 7 Series revised to include all toll revenues: toll, wireless, ILECs, carriers (ILECs) and competitive local exchange carriers
8
(CLECs).
Beginning 1995, data are for all U.S. points, and include calls to and from Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, the
U.S. Virgin Islands, and offshore U.S. points. Beginning 1995, carriers first started reporting traffic to and from Canada and Mexico.
Data for Canada and Mexico in prior years are staff estimates.
Source: U.S. Federal Communications Commission, Statistics of Communications Common Carriers, annual; Trends in
Telephone Service, annual; and Trends in the International Telecommunications Industry, annual.
Table 1140. Cellular Telecommunications Industry: 1990 to 2004
[Calendar year data, except as noted (5,283 represents 5,283,000). Based on a survey mailed to all cellular, personal
communications services, and enhanced special mobile radio (ESMR) systems. For 2003 data, the universe was 3,123 systems
and the response rate was 87 percent; the 2004 system count is not yet available. The number of operational systems beginning
2000 differs from that reported for previous periods as a result of the consolidated operation of ESMR systems in a broader service
area instead of by a city-to-city basis]
Item
1990
1995
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Number .
1,000 . .
Number .
Number .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
751
5,283
5,616
21,382
1,627
33,786
22,663
68,165
3,518
86,047
81,698
155,817
2,440
109,478
104,288
184,449
2,587
128,375
127,540
203,580
2,846
140,766
139,338
192,410
3,123
158,722
162,986
205,629
(NA)
182,140
175,725
226,016
Service revenue . . . . . . .
Roamer revenue 2. . . .
Capital investment . . . . .
Average monthly bill 3 . . .
Average length of call 3 . .
.
.
.
.
.
Mil. dol. .
Mil. dol. .
Mil. dol. .
Dollars .
Minutes .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
4,548
456
6,282
80.90
2.20
19,081
2,542
24,080
51.00
2.15
40,018
4,085
71,265
41.24
2.38
52,466
3,883
89,624
45.27
2.56
65,016
3,936
105,030
47.37
2.74
76,508
3,896
126,922
48.40
2.73
87,624
3,766
145,867
49.91
2.87
102,121
4,210
173,794
50.64
3.05
Systems . . .
Subscribers .
Cell sites 1 .
Employees .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Unit
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
NA Not available. 1 The basic geographic unit of a wireless PCS or cellular system. A city or county is divided into smaller
‘‘cells,’’ each of which is equipped with a low-powered radio transmitter/receiver. The cells can vary in size depending upon terrain,
capacity demands, etc. By controlling the transmission power, the radio frequencies assigned to one cell can be limited to the
boundaries of that cell. When a wireless PCS or cellular phone moves from one cell toward another, a computer at the Switching
Office monitors the movement and at the proper time, transfers or hands off the phone call to the new cell and another radio
frequency. 2 Service revenue generated by subscribers’ calls outside of their system areas. 3 As of December 31.
Source: Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association, Washington, DC, Semi-annual Wireless Survey (copyright).
748
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1141. Information Services and Data Processing Services—Estimated
Revenue: 2001 to 2003
[In millions of dollars (82,641 represents $82,641,000,000), except percent. For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. Estimates have been adjusted to results of the 1997 Economic Census. Based on the 1997 North American Industry Classification System; see text, this section, and Section 15]
Percent
change,
2001-02
Item
Total (NAICS 514). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
News syndicates (NAICS 51411):
Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fees from supplying information. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Libraries and archives (NAICS 51412):
Revenue 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Subsidies, contributions, gifts, and grants . . . . . . .
Fees and dues from providing access to collections.
On-line information services (NAICS 514191):
Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internet access services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Web site hosting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internet backbone services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internet telecommunications services . . . . . . . . .
Information technology consulting services . . . . . .
Information technology design and development . .
Application service provisioning . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business process management . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Video and audio streaming services . . . . . . . . . .
Other services revenue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
All other information services (NAICS 514199):
Revenue 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Web hosting and design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information search services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock photo services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Video and audio streaming services . . . . . . . . . . .
Data processing services (NAICS 5142):
Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business process management . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information and document transformation . . . . . . .
Information technology design and development . . .
Data storage services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data management services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Collocation services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information technology consulting services. . . . . . .
Web site hosting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Software publishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rental and leasing of computer hardware . . . . . . .
Application service provisioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Video and audio streaming services . . . . . . . . . . .
Other services revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2001
2002
2003
Percent
change,
2002-03
.
82,641
87,891
88,558
6.4
0.8
.
.
.
1,960
1,838
122
1,917
1,838
79
1,947
1,826
121
-2.2
(Z)
-35.4
1.6
-0.7
54.3
.
.
.
1,116
812
49
1,212
904
47
1,243
885
53
8.6
11.4
-3.9
2.6
-2.1
12.0
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
28,623
14,222
3,516
839
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
4,429
27,832
14,632
2,866
731
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
4,315
27,160
14,318
2,640
724
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
88
4,809
-2.8
2.9
-18.5
-12.9
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
-2.6
-2.4
-2.1
-7.9
-0.9
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
(S)
11.4
.
.
.
.
.
.
3,724
1,670
(S)
713
719
(S)
4,011
1,408
48
849
750
33
5,107
1,339
49
1,364
788
24
7.7
-15.6
(S)
19.0
4.3
(S)
27.3
-4.9
2.1
60.6
5.2
-27.6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
47,219
15,953
1,183
13,660
224
3,238
(S)
(S)
1,161
771
(S)
973
43
8,476
52,920
20,124
(S)
13,441
214
4,321
(S)
(S)
(S)
743
(S)
1,066
39
8,713
53,101
20,817
(S)
12,733
(S)
3,876
(S)
(S)
(S)
768
(S)
1,175
(S)
9,355
12.1
26.1
(S)
-1.6
-4.1
33.4
(S)
(S)
(S)
-3.6
(S)
9.5
-8.4
2.8
0.3
3.4
(S)
-5.3
(S)
-10.3
(S)
(S)
(S)
3.3
(S)
10.3
(S)
7.4
S Data do not meet publication standards. Z Represents or rounds to zero. 1 Includes other sources of revenue, not shown
separately.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ‘‘Service Annual Survey: 2003’’, SAS/03. See <http://www.census.gov/econ/www/servmenu.html>.
(released December 2004)
Table 1142. Academic Libraries—Summary: 2000
[For fiscal year 193,963 represents 193,963,000. For 2- and 4-year degree granting institutions. Based on the Academic Libraries
Survey; see source for details]
Staff
Item
Total
(mil.
dol.)
Salary 5
(percent)
Electronic
catalog
Internet
16,457 913,547
10,890 544,917
5,567 368,630
95,665
58,277
37,388
26.3
25.6
27.4
5,026
3,080
1,946
50.1
51.5
47.9
93.7
98.9
88.9
98.6
99.6
97.8
2,148 166,442
568 117,186
884
34,228
660
12,814
1,379
27,521
12,563 856,414
7,449 605,978
3,667 179,758
1,278
66,740
3,894
57,133
81,800
55,090
19,193
6,887
13,864
25.9
24.9
27.3
28.8
28.9
4,473
3,284
859
286
553
48.0
46.6
52.4
51.7
66.6
95.6
98.0
96.1
92.4
90.6
98.7
98.6
99.1
98.2
98.5
1,910
25,131
1,051
39,563
566 129,268
2,982 117,713
4,395 176,512
9,079 619,323
14,385
22,355
58,925
30.2
27.5
24.9
596
1,041
3,389
53.4
53.0
48.6
87.9
99.4
99.8
97.6
99.8
99.6
..
..
..
3,527 193,963
1,566 127,848
1,961
66,115
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
..
..
2
7
Percent with
access from
within library to—
Total
Gate Volumes
count 2
held 3
(1,000) (1,000)
1
Includes reserves.
highest degree offered.
Expenditures
Librarians
(percent)
Circulation 1
(1,000)
Number
of libraries
Total . . . . . . .
Control: Public . . . .
Private. . . . . . . . .
Level: 6
4-year degree and
above 7 . . . . . .
Doctorate . . . .
Master’s . . . . .
Bachelor’s . . . .
Less than 4-year
Enrollment: 4
Less than 1,500. .
1,500 to 4,999 . . .
5,000 or more . . .
4
In a typical week. 3 At end-of-year. 4 Full-time equivalent. 5 Salary and wages.
Includes 36 institutions granting other degrees, not shown separately.
6
Level of
Source: U.S. National Center for Education Statistics, Academic Libraries: 2000, NCES 2004-317, November, 2003.
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
749
Table 1143. Public Library Outlets Offering Programs for Adults: 2000
[In percent of outlets. For activities offered during a typical week during the prior year. Represents programs for which the outlet provided funding, materials, or staff to support the program or the library system ran the program within or on behalf of the outlet. Based on the Fast Response Survey System and subject to sampling error; see source for details]
Number of visits per week
Program
Less than
300
All outlets
Computer/Internet instruction . . . . . . . . .
Book/film discussions or presentations . . .
Cultural performances . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recreational activities 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parenting skills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financial planning/investment information .
Employment/career guidance . . . . . . . . .
College/continuing education guidance . . .
Citizenship preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
56
43
41
39
20
18
17
15
5
Metropolitan status
300 to
1,400
1,500 or
more
59
45
48
40
22
19
20
18
4
77
69
71
59
38
38
24
18
5
36
22
11
24
6
4
8
9
5
Urban Suburban
68
56
60
52
28
30
31
21
7
1
Rural
59
50
51
50
24
26
18
14
6
49
34
28
29
15
11
12
13
3
1
Urban = inside central city; Suburban = In metro area, outside of a central city; Rural = outside a metro area. 2 Such as
crafts and hobbies.
Source: U.S. National Center for Education Statistics, Fast Response Survey System, Programs for Adults in Public Library
Outlets, NCES 2003-010, November 2002.
Table 1144. Public Libraries by Selected Characteristics: 2002
[8,586 represents $8,586,000,000. Based on survey of public libraries. Data are for public libraries in the 50 states and the District
of Columbia. The response rates for these items are between 98 and 100 percent]
Number of—
Operating income—
Population of
service area
Public
libraries
Total . . . . . . .
1,000,000 or more .
500,000 to 999,000
250,000 to 499,999
100,000 to 249,999
50,000 to 99,999 . .
25,000 to 49,999 . .
10,000 to 24,999 . .
5,000 to 9,999 . . . .
2,500 to 4,999 . . . .
1,000 to 2,499 . . . .
Fewer than 1,000 . .
Paid staff
Source (percent)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
9,137
23
54
94
329
530
922
1,758
1,446
1,315
1,631
1,035
Stationary
Total
outlets 1 (mil. dol.) 2
16,486
960
1,152
1,086
2,023
1,616
1,738
2,260
1,612
1,358
1,644
1,037
8,586
1,217
1,375
983
1,418
1,110
1,039
889
324
131
77
22
State
government
Local
government
11.7
9.3
14.0
11.8
10.8
13.3
12.0
11.5
11.3
7.1
6.3
7.4
79.1
77.9
78.0
80.8
81.7
78.8
79.8
78.6
76.2
75.1
69.9
66.8
3
Total
Librarians with
ALAMLS 4
Libraries
with
Internet
access
136,219
15,933
19,634
15,212
22,833
17,929
17,359
15,662
6,252
2,893
1,931
581
30,428
4,483
4,876
3,733
4,940
3,977
4,002
3,157
900
242
99
18
8,876
23
54
94
329
529
918
1,754
1,436
1,288
1,571
880
1
The sum of central and branches libraries. The total number of central libraries was 8,986; the total of branch libraries was
7,500. 2 Includes income from the federal government (0.6%) and other sources (8.7%), not shown separately. 3 Full-time
equivalents. 4 Librarians with master’s degrees from a graduate library education program accredited by the American Library
Association (ALA). Total librarians, including those without ALA-MLS, were 44,920.
Source: U.S. National Center for Education Statistics, Public Libraries in the United States: 2002, NCES 2005-356, March
2005.
Table 1145. Public Library Use of the Internet: 2004
[In percent, except number of outlets. As of spring. Based on sample survey; see source for details]
Metropolitan status
All libraries outlets 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Poverty status
Total
Urban
Suburban
Rural
Less
than 20
percent
20 to 40
percent
Item
Connected to the Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connected with public access . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average number of workstations . . . . . . .
Speed of access: 4
128kbps or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
129kbps-1.5mbps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Greater than 1.5mbps . . . . . . . . . . . .
Public access Internet content or
service filtering/blocking:
The library does not filter . . . . . . . . . .
Each public access workstation . . . . . .
Entire network in the library . . . . . . . .
All computers due to local community
network with a public school . . . . . . .
All computers due to library consortium.
1
2
More
than 40
percent
16,192
2,868
5,270
8,054
13,579
2,432
181
..
..
..
99.6
98.9
10.4
99.7
98.5
17.3
99.7
99.4
13.0
99.5
98.7
6.7
99.7
99.0
9.7
99.2
96.3
12.5
100.0
98.1
27.2
..
..
..
12.8
45.2
20.3
5.6
51.7
33.0
6.5
46.1
25.9
18.6
42.7
13.2
12.1
45.1
19.3
16.6
45.6
25.4
18.0
49.0
23.5
..
..
..
58.2
16.7
13.4
68.3
10.4
16.3
58.1
14.1
13.1
56.6
19.2
13.0
58.7
16.5
12.7
53.8
19.5
19.3
62.3
7.9
21.8
..
..
2.6
6.2
0.9
5.4
1.6
12.3
3.5
3.2
2.7
6.7
2.6
2.2
(NA)
7.9
NA Not available. 1 Urban = inside central city; Suburban = in metro area, outside of a central city; Rural = outside a metro
area. 2 Determined by the 2000 poverty status of the service area of the outlet. 3 Central libraries and branches; excludes
bookmobiles.
Source: Information Use Management and Policy Institute, College of Information, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL,
Public Libraries and the Internet 2004: Survey Results and Findings, by John Carlo Bertot, Charles R. McClure, and Paul T. Jaeger,
Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
750
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1146. Internet Access and Usage and Online Service Usage: 1997 to
2004, and by Characteristic, 2004
[For persons 18 years old and over (193,462 represents 193,462,000). As of spring for 1997 and 2000; as of fall 2003 and
2004. Based on sample and subject to sampling error; see source for details]
Total
adults
Any
online/
Internet
usage
in the
past 30
days
Home or
work or
other
Home
only
Work
only
Home or
work or
other
193,462
199,438
209,657
31,686
90,458
131,839
46,305
112,949
165,898
25,500
77,621
128,549
22,931
50,476
73,315
29,127
86,289
128,417
16,640
65,471
107,604
13,806
40,449
62,159
Item
Total adults, 1997 (1,000) . . . . . . . .
Total adults, 2000 (1,000) . . . . . . . .
Total adults, 2003 (1,000) . . . . . . . .
1
Used the Internet
in the last 30 days
Have Internet access
Home
only Work only
(1,000) . . . . .
213,454
134,440
168,582
132,395
73,570
130,964
111,052
61,469
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION . . . . . . .
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Age:
18 to 34 years old . . . . . . . . . . .
35 to 54 years old . . . . . . . . . . .
55 years old and over . . . . . . . . .
31.4
39.6
29.0
36.8
44.7
18.5
33.7
42.7
23.5
31.7
45.9
22.4
33.4
52.9
13.7
37.0
44.8
18.2
34.3
46.5
19.2
33.3
53.5
13.2
Sex:
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
48.0
52.0
48.2
51.8
48.2
51.8
49.2
50.8
51.2
48.8
48.2
51.8
48.7
51.3
50.8
49.2
Census region: 2
Northeast . . .
Midwest . . . .
South . . . . . .
West . . . . . .
Total adults, 2004
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
19.1
22.6
36.2
22.1
20.1
23.4
33.2
23.3
19.8
23.9
34.1
22.2
20.5
22.9
33.4
23.2
20.9
23.0
33.1
23.0
20.2
23.3
33.0
23.4
20.7
22.7
33.1
23.5
21.1
22.1
32.8
24.0
Household size:
1 to 2 persons . . . . . .
3 to 4 persons . . . . . .
5 or more persons . . .
Any child in household
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
47.4
37.1
15.5
41.3
41.7
42.9
15.4
45.6
43.5
40.9
15.5
44.1
40.3
43.4
16.3
45.9
42.1
44.0
13.9
46.9
41.7
43.0
15.3
45.6
40.6
43.9
15.4
46.0
42.3
44.0
13.7
46.9
Marital status:
Single . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Married. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24.5
56.6
19.0
26.7
59.7
13.6
25.2
59.3
15.5
22.8
64.2
13.0
23.6
62.7
13.7
26.8
59.7
13.5
24.4
63.0
12.5
23.5
63.3
13.2
Educational attainment:
Graduated college plus . . . . . . . .
Attended college . . . . . . . . . . . .
Did not attend college . . . . . . . . .
24.8
27.1
48.2
35.7
33.4
30.9
30.1
30.8
39.1
34.8
31.5
33.7
46.1
31.3
22.5
36.2
33.6
30.2
38.6
33.0
28.4
50.0
31.0
18.9
Employed full-time . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Employed part-time . . . . . . . . . . . .
53.2
10.9
63.2
12.3
58.9
11.8
60.7
12.2
87.9
11.4
63.4
12.4
62.3
12.8
89.3
10.3
..
..
..
12.7
9.9
16.0
18.6
14.0
20.9
15.7
12.0
18.7
17.8
13.5
18.9
29.2
22.4
29.3
18.9
14.2
21.2
19.7
14.5
20.1
30.2
24.9
30.0
..
..
6.6
18.9
5.7
16.3
6.2
18.1
6.0
16.8
5.1
13.4
5.6
16.0
5.5
15.4
4.2
10.4
Type of firm of employed:
Business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35.0
10.1
18.8
39.8
13.8
21.9
37.5
12.1
21.0
38.2
12.9
21.8
51.2
21.1
27.0
40.0
13.9
21.9
39.5
13.6
22.0
51.7
21.2
26.8
Household income:
Less than $50,000 . .
$50,000 to $74,999. .
$75,000 to $149,999 .
$150,000 or more . . .
48.8
20.3
24.1
6.8
32.9
24.3
33.1
9.7
39.5
23.0
29.0
8.4
31.5
24.5
33.7
10.3
21.9
24.6
40.7
12.9
32.5
24.3
33.3
9.9
29.0
24.6
35.5
10.9
19.5
23.4
43.0
14.1
Occupation of the employed:
Professional . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Management/business/financial .
Sales/office . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Natural resources/construction/
maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
.
.
.
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.
.
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.
.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Includes other labor force status, not shown separately.
2
For composition of regions, see map inside front cover.
Source: Mediamark Research Inc., New York, NY, CyberStats, fall 2003 and 2004; and spring 1997 and 2000 (copyright). See
Internet site <http://www.mriplus.com/pocketpiece.html>.
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
751
Table 1147. Online Activities, 2001 and 2003, and by Type of Home Internet
Connection, 2003
[In percent. As of September 2001 and October 2003. Represents percent of Internet users 15 years old and over. Based on
the Current Population Survey and subject to sampling error; see source and Appendix III]
Online activities from
any location
Activity
Online activities by type of
home Internet connection, 2003
2001
2003
None
Dial-up
Broadband
E-mail or instant messaging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Playing games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Listening to radio or viewing TV or movies . . . . . . . . . . .
86.9
36.5
18.9
87.8
38.1
21.7
71.2
29.6
16.1
88.9
37.1
17.3
93.0
43.1
30.9
Purchase products or services . . . . .
Take a course online . . . . . . . . . . .
Trade stocks, bonds or mutual funds .
Bank online . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
44.1
4.0
8.6
17.4
52.1
6.4
6.8
27.8
33.5
5.2
3.0
16.3
49.2
5.7
5.8
23.8
64.3
8.0
9.9
38.7
...
...
...
73.2
66.0
34.1
76.5
66.5
41.6
63.1
50.4
32.2
75.7
64.4
40.0
83.3
76.2
47.9
...
...
30.1
16.0
35.7
18.7
29.5
19.9
33.4
16.9
41.9
21.1
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
Search for product or service information . . . . . . . . .
Get news, weather or sports information . . . . . . . . .
Search for information on health services or practices
Search for information about government services
or agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Search for a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, A Nation Online:
Entering the Broadband Age, September 2004. See Internet site <http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index.html>.
Table 1148. Household Internet Connections by Type: 2003
[As of October. Based on the Current Population Survey and subject to sampling error; see source and Appendix III]
Internet households
1
Type of Internet connection—percent distribution
Total
Percent
of all
households
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
61,481
54.6
38,593
62.8
12,638
20.6
9,335
15.2
.
.
.
.
.
3,295
11,750
15,447
14,885
16,103
46.9
60.2
65.2
65.1
40.8
1,833
6,920
9,434
9,060
11,346
55.6
58.9
61.1
60.9
70.5
803
2,640
3,344
3,208
2,643
24.4
22.5
21.7
21.6
16.4
614
2,020
2,497
2,402
1,802
18.6
17.2
16.2
16.1
11.2
Sex of householder:
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34,921
26,559
58.6
50.1
21,430
17,163
61.4
64.6
7,460
5,179
21.4
19.5
5,518
3,817
15.8
14.4
Educational attainment:
Elementary school . . . . .
Some high school . . . . . .
High school diploma/GED.
Some college . . . . . . . . .
Bachelor’s degree or more
.
.
.
.
.
926
2,507
14,750
18,793
24,504
14.0
24.3
43.0
62.4
78.3
734
1,829
10,478
12,037
13,514
79.3
73.0
71.0
64.1
55.2
98
359
2,380
3,794
6,007
10.6
14.3
16.1
20.2
24.5
84
275
1,691
2,661
4,624
9.1
11.0
11.5
14.2
18.9
Employment status of
householder:
Employed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unemployed . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not in the labor force . . . . . . . .
46,008
1,873
13,600
63.9
50.0
36.9
28,074
1,207
9,311
61.0
64.5
68.5
9,930
379
2,329
21.6
20.3
17.1
7,346
274
1,714
16.0
14.7
12.6
Family income:
Less than $15,000 .
15,000 to 24,999 . .
25,000 to 34,999 . .
35,000 to 49,999 . .
50,000 to 74,999 . .
75,000 to 99,999 . .
100,000 to 149,999 .
150,000 and over . .
3,681
3,839
5,855
8,867
12,429
7,774
5,811
3,753
22.9
33.5
45.6
62.8
76.0
84.1
90.4
92.4
2,555
2,786
4,137
6,213
7,918
4,440
2,726
1,482
69.4
72.6
70.7
70.1
63.7
57.1
46.9
39.5
584
600
921
1,391
2,531
1,919
1,771
1,242
15.9
15.6
15.7
15.7
20.4
24.7
30.5
33.1
477
418
694
1,138
1,814
1,321
1,207
961
13.0
10.9
11.9
12.8
14.6
17.0
20.8
25.6
Characteristic
All households
2
........
Age of householder:
Under 25 years old . .
25 to 34 years old . . .
35 to 44 years old . . .
45 to 54 years old . . .
55 years old and over
.
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Dial-up telephone
1
Includes households with other types of connections, not shown separately.
reported.
Cable modem
2
Digital
subscriber line
Includes households with family income not
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, A Nation Online:
Entering the Broadband Age, September 2004; and unpublished data. See Internet site <http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index.html>.
752
Information and Communication
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
Table 1149. Households With Computers and Internet Access by Selected
Characteristic: 2003
[Percent of households in specified group. As of October. Based on the Current Population Survey and subject to sampling
error; for details, see source. See also text, Section 1, and Appendix III]
Households with computers
Characteristic
Total
All households . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rural
1
Urban
Households with Internet access
1
Central
city 1
Total
Rural
1
Urban
1
Central
city 1
61.8
61.9
61.7
56.9
54.6
54.1
54.8
49.3
.
.
.
.
.
56.5
68.6
73.2
71.9
46.6
52.5
71.6
75.3
71.5
46.7
57.2
67.8
72.6
72.1
46.6
56.6
64.3
65.8
65.3
41.5
46.9
60.2
65.2
65.1
40.8
43.3
62.1
66.2
63.9
40.3
47.5
59.7
64.9
65.6
40.9
46.0
56.1
57.0
58.4
35.4
Sex:
Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
65.6
57.4
64.2
58.6
66.2
57.1
61.3
52.5
58.6
50.1
56.3
51.1
59.5
49.8
54.2
44.4
Education of householder:
Elementary . . . . . . . . . . . .
Some high school . . . . . . . .
High school graduate or GED
Some college . . . . . . . . . . .
BA degree or more . . . . . . .
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
20.6
32.7
51.1
70.6
83.3
18.1
34.7
56.5
73.3
84.4
21.6
32.0
48.7
69.7
83.0
20.7
28.0
43.0
65.4
80.1
14.0
24.3
43.0
62.4
78.3
12.7
26.3
47.5
64.8
79.3
14.5
23.6
41.1
61.6
78.1
13.2
20.1
34.6
56.7
74.3
Household income:
Under $5,000 . . . . . .
$5,000 to $9,000 . . .
$10,000 to $14,999 . .
$15,000 to $19,999 . .
$20,000 to $24,999 . .
$25,000 to $34,999 . .
$35,000 to $49,999 . .
$50,000 to $74,999 . .
$75,000 to $99,999 . .
$100,000 to $149,999
$150,000 or more . . .
.
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
35.6
26.9
31.7
38.2
46.1
55.4
71.1
81.9
88.1
92.9
94.7
29.8
24.4
31.7
36.7
47.7
55.7
72.6
82.4
87.9
92.2
95.0
37.0
27.5
31.7
38.8
45.5
55.4
70.6
81.7
88.2
93.2
94.7
33.6
27.0
32.2
37.8
45.6
54.7
70.0
81.7
85.6
89.8
92.3
26.8
20.0
23.7
29.4
36.7
45.6
62.8
76.0
84.1
90.4
92.4
20.0
17.7
23.6
26.9
36.6
46.3
62.3
75.8
84.1
89.7
91.6
28.4
20.6
23.7
30.3
36.7
45.4
63.0
76.1
84.1
90.6
92.5
24.3
20.4
23.2
28.8
37.8
44.5
62.0
75.1
81.7
86.0
91.8
Age of householder:
Under 25 years old .
25 to 34 years old . .
35 to 44 years old . .
45 to 54 years old . .
55 years old or over
1
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.
.
See text, Section 1, and Appendix ll.
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, A Nation Online:
Entering the Broadband Age, September 2004; and unpublished data. See Internet site <http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index.html>.
Table 1150. Households With Computers and Internet Access: 1998 and 2003
[Percent of all households. As of October. Based on survey and subject to sampling error; for details, see source]
1998
State
Computers
2003
Internet
access Computers
1998
U.S.
AL . . .
AK . . .
AZ . . .
AR . . .
CA . . .
CO. . .
CT . . .
DE . . .
DC . . .
FL . . .
GA . . .
HI . . .
ID . . .
IL. . . .
IN . . .
.
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.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
42.1
34.3
62.4
44.3
29.8
47.5
55.3
43.8
40.5
41.4
39.5
35.8
42.3
50.0
42.7
43.5
26.2
21.6
44.1
29.3
14.7
30.7
34.5
31.8
25.1
24.2
27.8
23.9
27.9
27.4
26.5
26.1
61.8
53.9
72.7
64.3
50.0
66.3
70.0
69.2
64.3
59.5
61.0
60.6
63.3
69.2
60.0
59.6
54.6
45.7
67.6
55.2
42.4
59.6
63.0
62.9
56.8
53.2
55.6
53.5
55.0
56.4
51.1
51.0
IA .
KS .
KY .
LA .
ME.
MD.
MA.
MI .
MN.
MS.
.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
41.4
43.7
35.9
31.1
43.4
46.3
43.4
44.0
47.6
25.7
21.8
25.7
21.1
17.8
26.0
31.0
28.1
25.4
29.0
13.6
64.7
63.8
58.1
52.3
67.8
66.0
64.1
59.9
67.9
48.3
57.1
54.3
49.6
44.1
57.9
59.2
58.1
52.0
61.6
38.9
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
State
Internet
access
Computers
2003
Internet
access Computers
Internet
access
MO
MT .
NE .
NV .
NH .
NJ .
NM.
NY .
NC .
ND .
OH.
OK .
OR.
PA .
RI .
SC .
SD .
TN .
TX .
UT .
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.
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.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
41.8
40.9
42.9
41.6
54.2
48.1
42.2
37.3
35.0
40.2
40.7
37.8
51.3
39.3
41.0
35.7
41.6
37.5
40.9
60.1
24.3
21.5
22.9
26.5
37.1
31.3
25.8
23.7
19.9
20.6
24.6
20.4
32.7
24.9
27.1
21.4
23.9
21.3
24.5
35.8
60.7
59.5
66.1
61.3
71.5
65.5
53.9
60.0
57.7
61.2
58.8
55.4
67.0
60.2
62.3
54.9
62.1
56.7
59.0
74.1
53.0
50.4
55.4
55.2
65.2
60.5
44.5
53.3
51.1
53.2
52.5
48.4
61.0
54.7
55.7
45.6
53.6
48.9
51.8
62.6
VT .
VA .
WA
WV
WI .
WY
.
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.
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.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
48.7
46.4
56.3
28.3
43.0
46.1
31.8
27.9
36.6
17.6
25.1
22.7
65.5
66.8
71.4
55.0
63.8
65.4
58.1
60.3
62.3
47.6
57.4
57.7
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Falling through the Net:
Defining the Digital Divide, July 1999; and A Nation Online: Entering the Broadband Age, September 2004; and unpublished data.
See Internet site <http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index.html>.
Information and Communications
U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006
753