Lesson Plan
Course Title: Welding
Session Title: Measurement Techniques
Performance Objective:
Upon completion of this assignment, the student will be able to successfully
measure and calculate measurements used in the welding shop.
Specific Objectives:




Apply basic math skills to learn proper use of measurement tools
Demonstrate proper measurement techniques
Complete calculations used in the welding shop
Add and subtract fractions
Preparation
TEKS Correlations:
This lesson, as published, correlates to the following TEKS. Any changes/alterations to
the activities may result in the elimination of any or all of the TEKS listed.
Welding:
 130.323(c)(3)(A)(B)(C)(D)(E)(F)(G)(H)(I)(J)(K)(L)(M)(N)(O)(P)(Q)
…demonstrate effective communication skills with individuals from varied
cultures such as fellow workers, management, and customers;
…demonstrate mathematical skills to estimate costs;
…demonstrate technical writing skills related to work orders;
…apply accurate readings of measuring devices, both U.S. customary and
metric;
…accurately use an appropriate tool to make measurements;
…compute measurements such as area, surface area, volume, and perimeter;
…determine how changes in dimension affect geometric figures;
…calculate problems using whole numbers, fractions, mixed numbers, and
decimals;
…use a calculator to perform computations;
…perform conversions between fractions and decimals;
…understand the functions of angles;
…apply right triangle relationships using the Pythagorean Theorem;
…understand the parts of a circle;
…identify the most reasonable mathematical solution using estimation;
…use cross-sections of three-dimensional figures to relate to plane figures;
…describe orthographic views of three-dimensional figures; and
…describe isometric views of three-dimensional figures.
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Interdisciplinary Correlations:
Algebra I:
 111.32(b)(2)(C)(D)
…student interprets situations in terms of given graphs or creates situations that
fit given graphs.
…collect and organize data, make and interpret scatterplots…and model, predict,
and make decisions and critical judgments in problem situations.
Instructor/Trainer
References:
GTAW Student Material booklet Mid-America Vocational Curriculum Consortium
(1984)
Practical Problems in Mathematics for Welders (Schell & Matlock, 1975)
Instructional Aids:
Fractions Ruler PowerPoint Presentation
Measurement Fractions PowerPoint Presentation
Measurement for Welding Test
Measurement for Welding Worksheet
Measurement for Welding Test Key
Materials Needed:
Ruler for each student
Various pieces of pipe, metal or objects to be used during Guided Practice
Class copies of “Measurement Techniques worksheet”
Class copies of “Measurement Techniques test”
Equipment Needed:
Computer & monitor to support PowerPoint
Learner
The student should provide writing instrument and paper for note-taking.
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Introduction
Introduction (LSI Quadrant I):
Most people tend to be confused by all the little marks on the ruler. Today we’re
going to clear up that confusion. There are three typical types of rulers—can
anyone remember what they are? (Answer—fractional, decimal, metric) We’re
going to focus today’s lesson on the fractional ruler. Let’s begin with some
terminology so that we’re all using and understanding the same vocabulary.
Outline
Outline (LSI Quadrant II):
I.
II.
Terminology
A. Fraction – two numbers consisting of a numerator and denominator separated
by a fraction line to indicate a part of one unit
B. Numerator – the top number of a fraction
C. Denominator – the base or bottom number of a fraction
D. Mixed Number – any whole number plus a fractional part of one additional unit
E. Lowest Terms – the lowest base number (both numerator and denominator)
by which a fraction may be reduced for simplification in measurement
F. Common Denominator – two fractions with the same denominator in each
fraction which allows for simplification in calculating
Using Fractions (Instructor should show PowerPoint presentation “Fractions”
while students take notes over examples shown)
A. Adding fractions
B. Subtracting fractions
III. Ruler Markings (Instructor should show PowerPoint presentation “Fraction
Rulers”)
A. Eighths ruler markings – discuss the locations of various marked points and
how the fraction marks apply
B. Sixteenths ruler markings – discuss the locations of various marked points
and how the fraction marks apply
IV. Guided Practice
V. Independent Practice
VI. Review
VII. Test
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Application
Guided Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
Instructor should have students use a ruler to measure various pieces of metal,
pipe or objects for the students to measure. Be sure to monitor their findings.
Allow other students to check the accuracy of other results.
Independent Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
Instructor should pass out class copies of the “Measurement Techniques
worksheet.” This assignment can be completed during class or for homework, but
either way it should be counted for a grade.
Summary
Review (LSI Quadrants I and IV):
Check for mastery/understanding by orally reviewing the students on the information.
Answer any questions the class may have. Write some sample fraction problems on the
board and ask the members of the class to solve the problems.
Evaluation
Informal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III):
Instructor should monitor student understanding throughout the lesson. If further
explanation is needed on a given topic, instructor should elaborate or re-teach
that portion of the lesson.
Formal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III, IV):
Mastery of at least 70% of objective test (“Measurement Techniques Test”)
Extension/Enrichment (LSI Quadrant IV):
For those students who need remediation, a re-teach and review session will
reinforce the topics of concern. The remediation will need to be tailored to the
individual needs of the student.
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Worksheet
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Test
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Measuring Techniques Test KEY
1.
a. 4
b. no
c. no
d. 3 3/4 (approx. according to instructions)
e. approximate (because you’ll never have an exact number)
f. no
2.
a. no
b. 5
c. no
d. approximate
e. nearest line
3.
a. 1”
b. 4”
c. 3”
d. approximate
4.
a. no
b. yes
5.
a. two
b. 2 ½”
6.
½
7.
a. 2 ½
b. 2 ½”
8.
a. approximately 4”
b. approximately 4”
c. approximately 1”
d. no
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a. 3 ½
b. 5
c. 1 ½
2½
3½
4½
10. a. ¼”
b. 4
11. 1 ½
2¼
2¾
3¼
3½
4
4¾
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Fractions
Adding and Subtracting
Adding Fractions
Change all fractions to a common denominator
Add all the numerators
Write down the total fraction
Reduce fraction to lowest terms
Adding Fractions Examples
1/8 + 1/16 + 3/4 + 1/16
Change to largest common denominator
2/16 + 1/16 + 4/16 + 1/16=16/16=1
Add numerators, place over common denominator, reduce to lowest terms
Adding Fractions
3/8 + 1/2 + 5/8 + 3/4
Change to largest common denominator
3/8 + 4/8 + 5/8 + 6/8=18/8=2 2/8=2 ¼
Add numerators, place over common denominator, change from improper
fraction to proper fraction, reduce to lowest terms
Subtracting Fractions
Change all fractions to a common denominator
Subtract the numerators
Write down the remaining fraction
Reduce fraction to lowest terms
Subtracting Fractions
7/8 – 9/16
Change to largest common denominator
14/16 – 9/16 = 5/16
Subtract numerators, reduce to lowest terms if necessary
Subtracting Fractions
1 3/16 – 1/4
Change mixed number to improper fraction and change all to the largest
common denominator
19/16 – 4/16 = 15/16
Subtract numerators and reduce to lowest terms if necessary
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