Applying Metrics for Welding
Welding
Lesson Plan
Performance Objective
Upon completion of this assignment, the student will be able to demonstrate knowledge of the basic
terminology of metrics. The student will be able to convert metric units and convert from US Customary to
Metric (SI) units of length by completing the Applying Metrics to Welding Test.
Specific Objectives
 Define the terms used in metrics
 List international units
 Convert metric units
 Convert from US Customary to Metric (SI) units
Terms
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SI- Systems International; identifying abbreviation for metrics
Ampere (symbol “A”)- Unit of electrical current
Metric System- A decimal system of weights and measures based on the meter and on the kilogram
Volume- The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object as measured in cubic units (as
quarts or liters)
o Formulas- (Rectangular Prism=side1 × side2 × side3)(Cylinder= 3.14 X R2 X Height)
Meter (symbol “m”)- The base unit of length in the International System of Units
Mole (symbol “mol”)- The base unit of amount of pure substance in the International System of Units
Base Unit- One of a set of simple units in a system of measurement that is based on an established
standard and from which other units may be derived
Capacity- A measure of content
Kilogram (symbol “kg”)- Used to measure mass
Candela (symbol “cd”)- Used to measure luminous intensity
Mass- The property of a body that is a measure of its inertia
Second (symbol “s”)- Used to measure time
Kelvin (symbol “K” or “C”)- Used to measure temperature
Area- The surface included within a set of lines
Time
It should take approximately 1.5 hours for this lesson.
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Preparation
TEKS Correlations
This lesson, as published, correlates to the following TEKS. Any changes/alterations to the activities may result
in the elimination of any or all of the TEKS listed.
Welding
• 130.323 (c)
o (3) The student applies academic skills to the requirements of welding. The student is expected
to:
(A) demonstrate effective communication skills with individuals from varied cultures
such as fellow workers, management, and customers;
(B) demonstrate mathematical skills to estimate costs;
(C) demonstrate technical writing skills related to work orders;
(D) apply accurate readings of measuring devices, both U.S. customary and
metric;
(E) accurately use an appropriate tool to make measurements;
(F) compute measurements such as area, surface area, volume, and perimeter;
(G) determine how changes in dimension affect geometric figures;
(I) use a calculator to perform computations; and
(J) perform conversions between fractions and decimals.
Interdisciplinary Correlations
English Language Arts and Reading, English I
 110.31 (b)
o (15) Writing/Expository and Procedural Texts. Students write expository and procedural or
work-related texts to communicate ideas and information to specific audiences for specific
purposes. Students are expected to:
(B) write procedural or work-related documents (e.g., instructions, e-mails,
correspondence, memos, project plans) that include:
(i) organized and accurately conveyed information; and
(ii) reader-friendly formatting techniques.
Mathematics
• 111.22 (b)
o (8) Measurement. The student solves application problems involving estimation and
measurement of length, area, time, temperature, volume, weight, and angles. The student
is expected to:
(D) convert measures within the same measurement system (customary and metric)
based on relationships between units.
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Geometry
 111.34 (b)
o Basic understandings.
(1) Foundation concepts for high school mathematics. As presented in Grades K-8, the
basic understandings of number, operation, and quantitative reasoning; patterns,
relationships, and algebraic thinking; geometry; measurement; and probability and
statistics are essential foundations for all work in high school mathematics. Students
continue to build on this foundation as they expand their understanding through other
mathematical experiences.
Occupational Correlation (O*Net – www.onetonline.org/)
Job Title: Welders, Cutters, and Welder Fitters
O*Net Number: 51-4121.06
Reported Job Titles: Aluminum Welder, Fabrication Welder, Fabricator, Fitter/Welder, Maintenance Welder,
Mig Welder, Sub Arc Operator, Welder, Welder-Fitter, Welder/Fabricator
Tasks
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Soft Skills
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Weld components in flat, vertical, or overhead positions.
Operate safety equipment and use safe work habits.
Lay out, position, align, and secure parts and assemblies prior to assembly, using straightedges,
combination squares, calipers, and rulers.
Examine workpieces for defects and measure workpieces with straightedges or templates to
ensure conformance with specifications.
Recognize, set up, and operate hand and power tools common to the welding trade, such as
shielded metal arc and gas metal arc welding equipment.
Weld separately or in combination, using aluminum, stainless steel, cast iron, and other alloys.
Clamp, hold, tack-weld, heat-bend, grind or bolt component parts to obtain required
configurations and positions for welding.
Select and install torches, torch tips, filler rods, and flux, according to welding chart specifications
or types and thicknesses of metals.
Ignite torches or start power supplies and strike arcs by touching electrodes to metals being
welded, completing electrical circuits.
Connect and turn regulator valves to activate and adjust gas flow and pressure so that desired
flames are obtained.
Critical Thinking
Operation and Control
Monitoring
Reading Comprehension
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Accommodations for Learning Differences
It is important that lessons accommodate the needs of every learner. These lessons may be modified to
accommodate your students with learning differences by referring to the files found on the Special
Populations page of this website.
Preparation
 Materials
o Prefixes chart- Refer to Slide 7 of slide presentation
o Conversion chart- Refer to Slide 15 of slide presentation
o 3 liter bottle of soda pop
o Items from the classroom to measure
 Equipment
o Computer and projector for slide presentation
o Metric ruler for each student
 Learner
o Prior mastery of standard linear measurement
References
 Bennett, A. E., & Siy, L. J. (1999). Blueprint reading for welders. Independence, KY: Cengage Learning.
 Fortney, C., & Gregory, M. (1984). Introduction to welding: Student material. Stillwater, OK: MidAmerica Vocational Curriculum Consortium.
 Marion, N. (2013). Math for welders. (5th edition) Tinley Park, IL: Goodheart-Willcox.
Instructional Aids
 Applying Metrics for Welding slide presentation and notes
 Metric Conversions Handout
 Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet and answer key
 Applying Metrics to Welding Test and answer key
Introduction
The objective of this lesson is to introduce students to the Metric (SI) system of measurement.
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Show
o Use a 3 liter bottle of soda as an example of how we use metrics in the U.S. today (as opposed to
the way the rest of the world uses metrics).
Ask
o What are other items we use every day that are measured with the Metric (SI) system?
Ask
o How is a bottle’s volume measured? How much liquid is in the bottle?
o How do you measure the volume of liquid in a bottle?
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Say
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Write a list of 10 items we determined we use every day.
Use the questioning to engage students in conversation about the U.S. and the rest of the world’s use of
metrics. Discuss the variety of student responses.
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Outline
OUTLINE
MI
I.
Introduction
II.
Slide presentation and discussion
A. Metrics defined
B. International identification
C. Powers of 10
D. SI base units of measure
I. Meter- "m"
II. Kilogram- "kg"
III. Second- "s"
IV. Ampere- "A"
V. Kelvin- "K" or "C"
VI. Mole- "mol"
VII. Candela "cd"
E. Units of length
F. Converting metric units
G. Converting metric to US customary units
III.
Guided practice desk measurement
A. Students measure their desk/table tops with a
metric ruler
IV.
Independent practice measurement
A. Students choose (individually or with an
assigned partner)and measure designated
objects in the shop/classroom
B. Students should write down results
C. Teams should switch results with another team
and check the team’s work by measuring the
opposing team’s object
D. Students complete the Applying Metrics to
Welding Worksheet
V.
Review
VI.
Applying Metrics to Welding Test at the end of
lesson three.
NOTES TO TEACHER
Prior to the lesson,
choose several items
to be measured for the
independent practice
portion of lesson.
The objective of this
lesson is to introduce
students to the Metric
(SI) system of
measurement.
Review and show
Applying Metrics for
Welding slide
presentation.
Teacher should become
familiar with
conversions. Distribute
and discuss the Metric
Conversions Handout.
Distribute the
Applying Metrics to
Welding Worksheet and
have students complete
after lesson
presentation.
Distribute and
administer the Applying
Metrics to Welding Test.
Grade with key.
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Multiple Intelligences Guide
Existentialist
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Kinesthetic/
Bodily
Logical/
Mathematical
Musical/Rhythmic
Naturalist
Verbal/Linguistic
Visual/Spatial
Application
Guided Practice
The teacher will guide students as they practice measuring their desk/table top with a metric ruler.
Independent Practice
Have students choose (individually or with an assigned partner) and measure designated objects in the
shop/classroom. Students should write down results. Teams should switch results with another team and
check the team’s work by measuring the opposing team’s object. Students complete the Applying Metrics to
Welding Worksheet individually.
Summary
Review
Review the material orally by asking specific conversion questions to individual students. Encourage responses
by rewarding correct answers with praise and incorrect answers with positive reinforcement and redirection.
Evaluation
Informal Assessment
Teacher will observe and check as students are measuring designated objects.
Formal Assessment
Students complete Applying Metrics to Welding Test at the end of the lesson on metrics.
Enrichment
Extension
Use of metrics will be applied in future shop experiences and in the work place.
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Metric Conversions Handout
Kilometer = 1000
Hectometer = 100
Decameter = 10
Meter = 1 (Base Unit)
Decimeter = 0.1
Centimeter = 0.01
Millimeter = 0.001
Converting Metric Units
The conversion of units in the Metric (SI) system of measurement is easy when using the diagram above to
help. To increase the conversion, you must divide by the number of spaces between measurements. For
example, convert 1492 m to km = 1.492 km. From meters to kilometers it is 1000.
 Step 1
m to dam = 10
 Step 2
dam to hm = 100
 Step 3
hm to km = 1000
 Answer 1492 m / 1000 = 1.492 km
To decrease the conversion, you must multiply by the number of spaces between measurements. For
example, convert 4.9 hm to dm = 4900 dm. From hectometers to decimeters it is 1000.
 Step 1
hm to dam = 10
 Step 2
dam to m = 100
 Step 3
m to dm = 1000
 Answer 4.9 hm X 1000 = 4900 dm
Converting Metric to US Customary Units
As a welder, you will be required to convert mm to in and in to mm. For the purposes of welding, most
conversions can be rounded up for simplicity. The highest tolerance a welder may be required to use is 1/64.
 Converting in to mm, round to the nearest mm
 Converting mm to in, round to the nearest .1 in.
When converting from in to mm, you must multiply the in by 25.4.
 Example 3.375 in to mm
3.375 in X 25.4 = 85.725 mm
Round to 86 mm
When converting from mm to in, you must divide the mm by 25.4.
 Example 33.75 mm to in
33.75 mm / 25.4 = 1.32874 in
Round to 1.3 in
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Name _____________________________________Date ____________________Class_______________
Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet
1) What is the metric equivalent conversion for the following?
A. Thousandths ___________________
B. Tenths ________________________
C. Hundreds ______________________
2) Using a metric ruler, measure this test paper and provide the dimensions in millimeters.
Length = _______________mm
Width = _______________mm
Convert the following measurements
3) 6.5 hectometers to decimeters
4) 1974 millimeters to dekameters
5) 8.9 kilometers to meters
6) 1982 centimeters to kilometers
7) 20 decameters to kilometers
8) 3 meters to centimeters
Convert the following measurements (DON’T FORGET TO ROUND)
9) .875 inch to millimeters
10) 30 millimeters to inches
11) 20 centimeters to inches
12) .25 inch to millimeters
13) 5/8 inch to millimeters
14) 60 millimeters to inches
15) 6.5 inches to millimeters
16) 25 feet to meters
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Applying Metrics to Welding Worksheet
Answer Key
1) What is the metric equivalent conversion for the following?
A. Thousandths millimeter
B. Tenths
decimeter
C. Hundreds
hectometer
2) Using a metric ruler, measure this test paper and provide the dimensions in millimeters.
Length = 279.4 mm
Width = 215.9 mm
Convert the following measurements
3) 6.5 hectometers to decimeters
6500 dm
4) 1974 millimeters to dekameters
.1974 dam
5) 8.9 kilometers to meters
8900 m
6) 1982 centimeters to hectometers
1.982 hm
7) 20 dekameters to kilometers
.2 km
8) 3 meters to centimeters
300 cm
Convert the following measurements: (Don’t forget to round)
9) .875 inch to millimeters
22.2 mm
10) 30 millimeters to inches
1.2 in
11) 20 centimeters to inches
7.9 in
12) .25 inch to millimeters
6.4 mm
13) 5/8 inch to millimeters
15.9 mm
14) 60 millimeters to inches
2.4 in
15) 6.5 inch to millimeters
165.1 mm
16) 25 feet to meters
8.3 m
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Name _____________________________________Date ____________________Class_______________
Applying Metrics to Welding Test
1. For the following terms, select those metric expressions that are presented incorrectly and
revise them so they are correct. If correct, leave blank.
A. 4 ¾ mm ________________
B. 0.10 mm _______________
C. 18.67 Mm ______________
D. 16 ½ mms. _____________
E. 12,750 mm _____________
F. 0.7 millimeters ___________
2. What is the metric equivalent conversion for the following?
A. Thousandths __________________
B. Tenths _______________________
C. Hundreds _____________________
3. Fill in the missing information.
Quantity
Name
Symbol
Length
____________________
__________
Mass
____________________
__________
Time
____________________
__________
Electric current
____________________
__________
Temperature
____________________
__________
Amount of substance
____________________
__________
Luminous intensity
____________________
__________
4. Convert the following to metric values.
A. 9/16 in _____________mm
B. 7/8 in ______________mm
C. 0.062 in ____________mm
D. 4.750 in ____________mm
5. Using a metric ruler, measure this test paper and provide the dimensions in millimeters.
Length = _______________mm
Width = _______________mm
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Applying Metrics to Welding Test
Answer Key
1. For the following terms, select those metric expressions that are presented incorrectly and
revise them so they are correct. If correct, leave blank.
A. 4 ¾ mm
4.75 mm
B. 0.10 mm
.10 mm
C. 18.67 Mm
18.67 mm
D. 16 ½ mms.
16.5 mm
E. 12,750 mm
12750 mm
F. 0.7 millimeters 0.7 mm
2. What is the metric equivalent conversion for the following?
A. Thousandths millimeter
B. Tenths
decimeter
C. Hundreds
hectometer
3. Fill in the missing information.
Quantity
Name
Symbol
Length
meter
m
Mass
kilogram
kg
Time
second
s
Electric
current ampere
A
Temperature
Kelvin (Celsius)
K(C)
Amount of substance mole
m
Luminous intensity
cd
candela
4. Convert the following to metric values.
A. 9/16 in
14.2875 mm
B. 7/8 in
22.2250 mm
C. 0.062 in
1.5875 mm
D. 4.750 in
120.65 mm
5. Using a metric ruler, measure this test paper and provide the dimensions in Millimeters.
Length = 279.4 mm
Width = 215.9 mm
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