Lesson Plan Course Title: Principles of Manufacturing Lesson Title: Technological Systems: Part 3 Performance Objective: After completing this lesson students will have an understanding of how systems models can be used to describe manufacturing and technological activities to the teacher’s satisfaction. Specific Objectives: Compare the differences in open and closed loop system models. Explain the interaction of various technology systems within an aircraft. Explain the interaction of various technology systems within a nuclear power plant. Preparation TEKS Correlations: This lesson, as published, correlates to the following TEKS. Any changes/alterations to the activities may result in the elimination of any or all of the TEKS listed. Principles of Manufacturing: 130.322(c)(3)(A)(B)(C) …identify the manufacturing processes such as input, output, and feedback; …describe system differences such as open and closed; and …describe how technological systems interact to achieve common goals. Interdisciplinary Correlations: Physics: 112.39(c)(2)(A)(B)(C)(D) ...know the definition of science and understand that it has limitations, as specified in subsection (b)(2) of this section; ...know that scientific hypotheses are tentative and testable statements that must be capable of being supported or not supported by observational evidence. Hypotheses of durable explanatory power which have been tested over a wide variety of conditions are incorporated into theories; ...know that scientific theories are based on natural and physical phenomena and are capable of being tested by multiple independent researchers. Unlike hypotheses, scientific theories are well-established and highly-reliable explanations, but may be subject to change as new areas of science and new technologies are developed; ...distinguish between scientific hypotheses and scientific theories; Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 1 112.39(c)(3)(D) ...explain the impacts of the scientific contributions of a variety of historical and contemporary scientists on scientific thought and society; English: 110.42(b)(6)(A)(B) …expand vocabulary through wide reading, listening, and discussing; …rely on context to determine meanings of words and phrases such as figurative language, idioms, multiple meaning words, and technical vocabulary; 110.42(b)(7)(A)(I)(J) …establish a purpose for reading such as to discover, interpret, and enjoy; …use study strategies such as skimming and scanning, note taking, outlining, and using study-guide questions to better understand texts; …read silently with comprehension for a sustained period of time; Teacher Preparation: Teachers should review the definitions, all supporting documents such as PowerPoint presentations and notes. Teachers are also encouraged to conduct their own research on lesson material. References: 1. James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, “ Lean Thinking”, (New York, New York, Simon & Schuster, 1996), 15-16 2. Introducing Logistics systems, http://media.wiley.com/product_data/excerpt/77/04708491/0470849177.pdf, (2004) 3. Aircraft systems, http://www.flightlearnings.com/, (2011) 4. How Nuclear Power Works, http://science.howstuffworks.com/nuclear-power2.htm, (2011) 5. Wikipedia, Online And other references as noted in the Technological Systems Models: Part 3 PowerPoint presentation Instructional Aids: 1. Technological Systems Models: Part 3 PowerPoint presentation and notes 2. Matching Definitions handout and answer key 3. Warm-up activity (slide 3) 4. Technological Systems: Part 3 Pop Quiz answer key 5. Technological Systems Parts 1-3 Formal Assessment (Test) answer key Materials Needed: Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 2 1. 2. 3. 4. Pen or pencil and paper Matching Definitions handout for each student Technological Systems: Part 3 Pop Quiz for each student Technological Systems Parts 1-3 Formal Assessment (Test) for each student Equipment Needed: 1. Computer 2. Overhead projector 3. Internet access (optional) Learner Preparation: None required. Introduction Introduction (LSI Quadrant I): SAY: Today we will learn about technological systems models. ASK: What would be the advantages of creating a controlled explosion? Show: A web page, photos or online video of the explosive demolition of a building, the operation of a nuclear reactor, the ignition process within a piston or turbine engine. SAY: In modern times we have found innovative ways to use technology to greatly enhance our lives and removed much of the manual labor from our day to day living. Outline Outline (LSI Quadrant II): Instructors can use the PowerPoint presentation, slides, handouts, and note pages in conjunction with the following outline. MI I. Outline Notes to Instructor Technological Systems Begin Technological Systems Models: Part 3 PPT presentation. Bell Work Activity: Have students work on the Bell Work Activity (Slide 2) Warm- Up Activity: Using Matching Definitions handout, students will pair-share and teach each other the terms and definitions. They may do computer-based Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 3 research to look up the meaning. (Slide 3) Select and discuss some of the definitions from the definitions resource handout. (Slides 4-11) II. III. Technological Systems A. Manufacturing and Technological Systems Models i. Open Loop System ii. Closed Loop System B. Understanding manufacturing system processes i. Lean Manufacturing ii. Supply Chain (Logistics) Systems Provide an overview of the importance of technological systems. (Slide 4-5) Understanding manufacturing system differences A. Lean Manufacturing versus traditional inventory systems B. Supply Chain Systems versus traditional supply systems Have students discuss the differences in the technology models for each stage. (Slides 7) (Slide 6) Each slide is meant to be discussed. Have some background knowledge, and challenge the students to make some contributions to the discussion. Have students discuss the advantages of modern day Lean / Supply chain systems versus traditional systems. IV. The Goal of Technological Systems A. Aircraft systems B. Nuclear power plant system (Slides 8-11) Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 4 Verbal Linguistic V. Administer Technological Systems: Part 3 Pop Quiz Use answer key to grade the quiz VI. Technology Systems Parts 1-3 Formal Assessment (Test) This formal assessment covers Parts 1-3 of this three part lesson. Use answer key to grade test. Logical Mathematical Visual Spatial Musical Rhythmic Bodily Kinesthetic Intrapersonal Interpersonal Naturalist Existentialist Application Guided Practice (LSI Quadrant III): Using Matching Definitions handout, students will pair-share and teach each other the terms and definitions. They may do computer-based research to look up the meaning. Independent Practice (LSI Quadrant III): Students will complete Warm-up Activity, doing computer-based research to look up and match the meaning of words on the handout, writing out definitions on a sheet of paper. They will take the Technological Systems: Part 3 Pop Quiz. Summary Review (LSI Quadrants I and IV): Question: Most of the questions should involve definitions. Answer: They can write or answer orally. Question: List the 4 stages of the 4 step closed loop model? Why is feedback important? Answer: Input, Process, Output, Feedback (Feedback gives us the ability to control output.) Question: Can you identify 4 sections of a nuclear plant system model? Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 5 Answer: Nuclear Reactor, Steam Generator, Turbine, Generator, Transformer, Water Supply. Evaluation Informal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III): Oral question/answer. Students will complete definitions teacher has on the board from terms in the definitions handout, and Technological Systems: Part 3 Pop Quiz. Formal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III, IV): Technological Systems Parts 1-3 Formal Assessment (Test) Extension Extension/Enrichment (LSI Quadrant IV): 1. Students can write a paper comparing the differences/ advantages of nuclear power plants versus traditional coal powered plants. 2. Students can conduct research on the internet, create a PowerPoint presentation and give a classroom presentation of the evolution of flight from the time of the Wright Brothers until now. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 6 Technology Systems Matching Definitions Directions: Match the terms in Section 1 with the definitions in Section 2. Section 1: A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. Steam generator Waste Containment structure Aircraft flight controls Nuclear reactor Aircraft propulsion Value Aircraft hydraulics Closed loop system Turbine generator Section 2: 1. ________ - uses the heat of nuclear reaction to super heat water into steam to drive the turbine generators 2. ________ - defective products and unnecessary steps in the production process 3. ________ - safely houses the uranium and related equipment and steam generator 4. ________ - consists of cockpit controls, connections and related wing surface panels required to control the direction of the plane in flight 5. ________ - located in the containment structure; controls the process of splitting the atom 6. ________ - engine systems designed to allow the aircraft to overcome the force of gravity, lifting the aircraft off the ground and moving it through the air. The most common forms are piston driven engines and turbine engines. 7. ________ - considered to be only those items or services a customer is willing to buy Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 7 8. ________ - use of pressurized fluid to control various systems on an aircraft like landing gear, brakes, doors, and flight controls 9. ________ - provides a way to monitor the output of a system, compare it to the input and then make adjustments to control the desired output 10. ________ - creates electricity for consumption by the human population Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 8 Technology Systems Matching Definitions (Answer Key) Directions: Match the terms in Section 1 with the definitions in Section 2. Section 1: A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. Steam generator Waste Containment structure Aircraft flight controls Nuclear reactor Aircraft propulsion Value Aircraft hydraulics Closed loop system Turbine generator Section 2: 1. Steam generator - uses the heat of nuclear reaction to super heat water into steam to drive the turbine generators 2. Waste - defective products and unnecessary steps in the production process 3. Containment structure - safely houses the uranium and related equipment and steam generator 4. Aircraft flight controls - consists of cockpit controls, connections and related wing surface panels required to control the direction of the plane in flight 5. Nuclear reactor - located in the containment structure; controls the process of splitting the atom 6. Propulsion - engine systems designed to allow the aircraft to overcome the force of gravity, lifting the aircraft off the ground and moving it through the air. The most common forms are piston driven engines and turbine engines. 7. Value - considered to be only those items or services a customer is willing to buy Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 9 8. Aircraft hydraulics - use of pressurized fluid to control various systems on an aircraft like landing gear, brakes, doors, and flight controls 9. Closed loop system - provides a way to monitor the output of a system, compare it to the input and then make adjustments to control the desired output 10. Turbine generator - creates electricity for consumption by the human population. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 10 Name:_______________________________Date___________________Class______ Technological Systems – Part 3 Pop Quiz 1. The oven temperature control on a stove best demonstrates what kind of technological systems model? 2. List one disadvantage of an open loop system. 3. What is the fundamental purpose of a logistics system? 4. List examples of modern technology that allow modern day logistic systems to be managed more efficiently. 5. In modern day aircraft, why is it important to manage and control oxygen (cabin pressure) within the aircraft’s interior? 6. What is the purpose of the aircraft hydraulic system? 7. Why is the fission process necessary within a nuclear power plant? 8. In a nuclear power plant what is the purpose of the containment structure? Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 11 Technological Systems – Part 3 Pop Quiz (Answer Key) 1. The oven temperature control on a stove best demonstrates what kind of technological systems model? ANSWER: A closed loop system because it is designed to sense and maintain the set (desired) temperature of the oven. 2. List one disadvantage of an open loop system. 3. What is the fundamental purpose of a logistics system? 4. List examples of modern technology that allow modern day logistic systems to be managed more efficiently. ANSWER: Open loop systems can create an output, but cannot control the output in a meaningful way. For example, if you turned on garden hose to fill bucket, the bucket would overflow if left on its own. ANSWER: Logistic systems control how raw materials and finished good products are purchased, transported and stored. ANSWER: The use of computers, telecommunications and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) 5. In modern day aircraft, why is it important to manage and control oxygen (cabin pressure) within the aircraft’s interior? ANSWER: To maintain passenger comfort at high altitudes and to prevent illness (hypoxia) and death from lack of the proper levels of oxygen 6. What is the purpose of the aircraft hydraulic system? 7. Why is the fission process necessary within a nuclear power plant? 8. In a nuclear power plant what is the purpose of the containment structure? ANSWER: The system uses pressurized fluid to control various systems on an aircraft like landing gear, brakes, doors, and flight controls ANSWER: During the fission process an atom is split in two, releasing a tremendous amount of heat. The heat is used to superheat water to create steam to run turbine generators. ANSWER: It safely houses the radioactive uranium and related equipment and steam generator. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 12 Name:_______________________________Date___________________Class______ Technology Systems Parts 1-3 Formal Assessment (Test) 1. In the beginning stages of American Manufacturing, why were interchangeable parts important? 2. The science of designing equipment and environments to promote human health, safety and well-being is defined as: 3. Why were integrated circuits and transistors important to the development of computers? 4. List 2 risks associated with engineering activities and the manufacturing process. 5. A Multinational corporation (MNC) is defined as: 6. Define Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM). 7. What invention improved production in the textile industry? Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 13 8. Define Bio-fuel? 9. Why are machine cutting tools important to manufacturing? 10. What is the basic purpose of a logistics system? 11. How is Value defined? 12. Defective products and unnecessary steps in the production process are defined as: 13. In aircrafts, why is it important to manage and control oxygen (cabin pressure) within the aircraft’s interior? 14. What is the purpose of the aircraft hydraulic system? 15. Define the fission process that takes place within a nuclear power plant? Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 14 Technology Systems Parts 1-3 Formal Assessment (Test) (Answer Key) 1. In the beginning stages of American Manufacturing, why were interchangeable parts important? ANSWER: It allowed workers to produce quality products faster and more consistently than those hand produced by craftsmen. 2. The science of designing equipment and environments to promote human health, safety and well-being is defined as: ANSWER: Ergonomics 3. Why were integrated circuits and transistors important to the development of computers? ANSWER: These components allowed engineers to make computers smaller (with fewer components) and with higher storage capacity. 4. List 2 risks associated with engineering activities and the manufacturing process. ANSWER: 1) Waste disposal; and 2) a depletion of natural resources 5. A Multinational corporation (MNC) is defined as: ANSWER: A corporation that is registered and operates in more than one country at a time. 6. Define Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM). ANSWER: Manufacturing done with the aid of computer programs that help tie together all the phases of manufacturing (planning, production, and control) together to make a unified whole. 7. What invention improved production in the textile industry? ANSWER: The cotton gin by Eli Whitney. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 15 8. Define Bio-fuel? ANSWER: A fuel created from biological raw material, used for internal combustion engines. 9. Why are machine cutting tools important to manufacturing? ANSWER: These tools allow for the creation of most of the other tools used in manufacturing. 10. What is the basic purpose of a logistics system? ANSWER: Logistic systems control how raw materials and finished good products are purchased, transported and stored. 11. How is Value defined? ANSWER: Considered to be only those items or services a customer is willing to buy. 12. Defective products and unnecessary steps in the production process are defined as: ANSWER: Waste 13. In aircrafts, why is it important to manage and control oxygen (cabin pressure) within the aircraft’s interior? ANSWER: To maintain passenger comfort at high altitudes and to prevent illness (Hypoxia) and death from lack of the proper levels of oxygen. 14. What is the purpose of the aircraft hydraulic system? ANSWER: Use of pressurized fluid to control various systems on an aircraft like landing gear, brakes, doors and flight controls. 15. Define the fission process that takes place within a nuclear power plant? ANSWER: During the fission process an atom is split in two, releasing a tremendous amount of heat. The heat is used to superheat water to create steam to run turbine generators. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved 16