Lesson Plan
Course Title: Computer Maintenance
Session Title: File Formats
Lesson Duration: Approximately 90 minutes
Performance Objective:
Upon completion of this assignment, the student will be able to recognize the different types of
file formats available for today’s operating systems.
Specific Objectives:
• Define the terms associated with the lesson
• Identify the various types of file systems
• Create various types of logical drives, partitions, and volumes
• Create file compression and encryption
• Adjust file attributes
• Identify and troubleshoot partition problems
Preparation
TEKS Correlations: 130.273
(C8) The student uses trouble shooting skills with hardware knowledge to solve client
problems. The students is expected to:
(d) test system using diagnostic tools and software.
(e) identify problems in the operating system.
(h) demonstrate hard drive maintenance procedures such as defrag, scan, and clear
caches;
(C9) The student demonstrates and applies knowledge of operating system design, including
operation and maintenance, to perform information support and services tasks. The student is
expected to:
(a) explain the fundamentals of an operating system.
(b) compare and contrast different operating systems.
Instructor/Trainer
References:
Cisco IT Essentials 1: Modules 4, 5, 6, 7
Instructional Aids:
1. File Formats PowerPoint Presentations
2. Lab 1: File Formatting Lab
3. File Format Word Search
4. File Format Word Search Key
5. File Format Worksheet
6. File Format Worksheet Key
7. File Format Quiz
8. File Format Quiz Key
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
1
Materials Needed:
1. Copies of all handouts and quizzes
Equipment Needed:
1. Projection system to display the PowerPoint Presentation
2. Computer running Windows XP or an emulator running Windows XP (Virtual PC)
3. Hard drive with unformatted drive space
Learner
Students should read the appropriate curriculum material for File Formats, depending on the
text/curriculum being used for the course. This lesson can be taught with only the PowerPoint
presentation, and the equipment outlined above.
Introduction
MI
Introduction (LSI Quadrant I):
SAY: The type of file format you choose can be critical to securing and maintaining
your files and documents.
ASK: What does MBR and FAT stand for? [Master Boot Record and File Allocation
Table.]
ASK: What advantages does NTFS have over FAT? [File encryption, security, and
advanced disk allocation.]
Outline
MI
Outline (LSI Quadrant II):
Instructor Notes:
I. Have the students complete the Word Search so
that they have exposure and will recognize
important terms in the presentation.
Provide the students with a
printout of the PowerPoint
presentation to take notes
with during the presentation.
II. Introduction to File Formats
A. Explain what a file format is used for in a
computer.
B. Define the parts of the file system.
C. Describe how a hard drive or removable
medium is formatted.
D. How to recognize the type of file format.
E. Explain the different types of logical drive
formats.
F. Explain file compression, encryption, and
security
G. Explain the differences between FAT16,
FAT32, and NTFS.
H. How to troubleshoot a file system and
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
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2
recover from failure.
III. Students should be assigned to groups of two
and instructed to complete the File Formatting
Lab.
IV. Upon completion of the lab, students should take
the File Format Quiz.
Application
MI
Guided Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
The teacher demonstrates how to format and use the drive, and provides guidance
when warranted.
MI
Independent Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
Students work in pairs on lab assignments, demonstrating their skills in identifying
and discussing the various file system elements:
Lab 1: File System Lab
Summary
MI
Review (LSI Quadrants I and IV):
Q: How much data will an NTFS partition hold?
A: 256TB
Q: What command will repair the Master Boot Record on a 9x system?
A: A:FDISK.EXE /MBR.
Evaluation
MI
Informal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III):
Monitor student progress during independent practice and provide independent reteach/redirection as needed.
MI
Formal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III, IV):
File Format Quiz and File Format Quiz Key
Extension
MI
Extension/Enrichment (LSI Quadrant IV):
Students that have mastered the lab assignments can peer-tutor students (one-onone) that are having difficulty with understanding the concepts of file formats.
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
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Icon
MI
Verbal/
Linguistic
Logical/
Mathematical
Visual/Spatial
Musical/
Rhythmic
Bodily/
Kinesthetic
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Naturalist
Existentialist
Teaching Strategies
Personal Development
Strategies
Lecture, discussion, journal
writing, cooperative learning,
word origins
Reading, highlighting, outlining,
teaching others, reciting information
Problem-solving, number
games, critical thinking,
classifying and organizing,
Socratic questioning
Mind-mapping, reflective
time, graphic organizers,
color-coding systems,
drawings, designs, video,
DVD, charts, maps
Use music, compose songs
or raps, use musical
language or metaphors
Organizing material logically, explaining
things sequentially, finding patterns,
developing systems, outlining, charting,
graphing, analyzing information
Developing graphic organizers, mindmapping, charting, graphing, organizing
with color, mental imagery (drawing in
the mind’s eye)
Use manipulatives, hand
signals, pantomime, real life
situations, puzzles and board
games, activities, roleplaying, action problems
Reflective teaching,
interviews, reflective listening,
KWL charts
Cooperative learning, roleplaying, group brainstorming,
cross-cultural interactions
Natural objects as
manipulatives and as a
background for learning
Socratic questions, real life
situations, global
problems/questions
Creating rhythms out of words, creating
rhythms with instruments, playing an
instrument, putting words to existing
songs
Moving while learning, pacing while
reciting, acting out scripts of material,
designing games, moving fingers under
words while reading
Reflecting on personal meaning of
information, studying in quiet settings,
imagining experiments, visualizing
information, journaling
Studying in a group, discussing
information, using flash cards with
other, teaching others
Connecting with nature, forming study
groups with like minded people
Considering the personal relationship to
the larger context
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
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File System Format – Lab
Before you begin, the Instructor will have a typical PC available. The desktop policies must be set to allow
access to the Administrative Tools, Computer Management, and Disk Management functions from the
Control Panel. The following resources will be required:
1. PC workstation with monitor, keyboard, mouse, and power cords
2. Windows operating system (Windows XP) installed on PC
3. Unformatted drive space
Step 1 – Boot (start) the PC and log on.
Step 2 – Create a new logical drive.
To open Computer Management
1. Click Start
2. Click Control Panel
3. Click System Maintenance
4. Click Administrative Tools
5. Double-click Computer Management
6. In the console tree, click Disk Management.
Above is a sample of what your drives will look like.
Look at the Computer Management Screen on your computer and answer the following
questions. Answers may vary depending on your partitions and the number of drives available.
Record your findings in the table below:
1. How many hard drives are shown?
2. Which one is the boot partition?
3. What type of logical drives is Disk 0?
4. How much space is available to be partitioned?
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
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Right click on the unformatted space and choose New Partition. The Partition Wizard should
appear.
Create a primary partition, 2GB in size, and make it drive letter F. Make it an NTFS format drive,
use the default cluster size, and label it Practice. Do not check Quick format or file/folder
compression. Review your setting and click Finish. It will take a few minutes to format.
What is the status of the new partition?
How much unformatted space is still available?
Close the Computer Management window and any other open windows.
Step 3 – Create a new folder and file. Set the permission for each.
• From My Computer open the new partition.
• Right-click in the white space and choose New, then Folder.
• Name the new folder MyStuff.
• Open the new folder, right-click in the white space, and choose New, then Text Document.
• Name the new document: YourName
• Right click on the new document and choose Properties.
What attributes are checked?
• Check the Read-Only and Hidden attributes.
Click the Advanced button. What options do you have?
• Check the Encrypted contents to secure data attribute. Click OK.
• Click OK in the file properties window.
What happened?
• Choose the Encrypted file and parent folder. Click OK.
What happened?
• Click on Tools, Folder Options, then View. Change the Hidden Files and Folders to
Show Hidden Files and Folders. Now you should see the document.
• Double-click the document to open it. Add some text and save it.
What happened?
• Choose No when the save dialog box opens.
• Right click the document, choose properties, and uncheck the Read-Only and Hidden
attributes.
• Now open the document, add some text, and save it.
What happened?
Close all open windows.
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
6
File System Format – Word Search
Locate each of the words in the word search below. You should become familiar with
each of the terms. The words can go forward, backward, up, down, or diagonal.
During the Digital Cameras lesson, pay attention to learn the meaning of each of these
words and how they relate to the types and use of digital cameras.
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fat
storage
fdisk
partitions
logical
clusters
ntfs
cylinder
volume
compression
encryption
security
basic disks
dynamic disks
disk management
file allocation table
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IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
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File System Format – Word Search KEY
Locate each of the words in the word search below. You should become familiar with
each of the terms. The words can go forward, backward, up, down, or diagonal.
During the Digital Cameras lesson, pay attention to learn the meaning of each of these
words and how they relate to the types and use of digital cameras.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
fat
storage
fdisk
partitions
logical
clusters
ntfs
cylinder
volume
compression
encryption
security
basic disks
dynamic disks
disk management
file allocation table
S
E
M
P
S
S
N
O
I
T
P
Y
R
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IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
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File System Format – Worksheet
1. What is the fdisk command used for?
2. Where is low-level formatting completed?
3. When a hard drive is partitioned into two or more partitions, what is each called?
4. What does FAT stand for?
5. When is the Master Boot Record (MBR) created?
6. What file system is considered a high-performance, self healing file system that is available on
computers with Windows XP or later?
7. What are the four parts of the NTFS disk volume?
1. ___________________
2. ___________________
3. ___________________
4. ___________________
8. What are two enhancements to the NTFS5 over its predecessor?
1. ___________________
2. ___________________
9. What are the two types of Logical disks?
1. ___________________
2. ___________________
10. In order to access the Computer Management features, you must be logged in as ____________.
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
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File System Format – Worksheet KEY
1. What is the fdisk command used for?
to partition a hard drive
2. Where is low-level formatting completed?
the factory when the computer is manufactured
3. When a hard drive is partitioned into two or more partitions, what is each called?
primary and expanded
4. What does FAT stand for?
file allocation table
5. When is the Master Boot Record (MBR) created?
When the first partition is created on the hard drive
6. What file system is considered a high-performance, self healing file system that is available on
computers with Windows XP or later?
NTFS (New Technology File System)
7. What are the four parts of the NTFS disk volume?
1. Partition Boot Sector
2. Master File Table
3. System Files
4. File Area
8. What are two enhancements to the NTFS5 over its predecessor?
1. User-level disk quotas
2. Improved Security
9. What are the two types of Logical disks?
1. Basic
2. Dynamic
10. In order to access the Computer Management features, you must be logged in as Administrator.
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
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File System Format – Quiz
1.
What is a file System?
a. Organizational method used by an OS to store recently used memory.
b. Organizational method used by an OS to store files and folders.
c. Organizational method used by an OS to store file attributes.
d. Organizational method used by an OS to assign cluster.
2.
FAT12 is used on what type of media?
a. CDs
b. Hard drives
c. Floppy drives
d. Network drives
3.
What file format can only use FAT16?
a. DOS
b. Windows 98
c. Windows NT
d. Windows XP
4.
Which of the follow file naming conventions is correct for DOS?
a. C:MYDOCS\MYSTUFF\MYNEWFILE.TXT
b. C:MYDOCS\MYFILE.TXT\MYSTUFF
c. C;MYDOCS\MYSTUFF\MYFILE.TXT
d. C:MYDOCS\MYSTUFF\MYFILE.TXT
5.
Where is the Master Boot Record located?
a. track 0, head 0, sector 0
b. track 0, head 0, sector 1
c. track 1, head 1, sector 1
d. track 1, head 1, sector 0
6.
What switch is added to FDISK to repair the Master Boot record?
a. MBR
b. /MBR
c. FIXMBR
d. /FIXMBR
7.
Which file format only supports up to 2GB?
a. FAT12
b. FAT16
c. FAT32
d. NTFS
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
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11
8.
What advances did NTFS5 offer? (Choose all that apply)
a. Enhanced security
b. File Encryption
c. File Compression
d. File Recovery
e. Disk Recovery
f. Disk Quotas
9.
The two types of logical disks are _________________ and _________________.
10. Which of the following are types of Dynamic disks? (choose all that apply)
a. Spanned
b. Extended
c. Mirrored
d. Logical
e. Stripped
f. Simple
g. Primary
11. Disk Management is located under the _________________ window.
a. Computer Management
b. Device Manager
c. Services
d. Storage
12. From the Windows XP Recovery Console, what command will repair the Master
Boot Record?
a. \FIXMBR
b. FIXMBR
c. FDISK /FIXMBR
d. FDISK /MBR
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
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File System Format – Quiz (Key)
1.
What is a file System?
a. Organizational method used by an OS to store recently used memory.
b. Organizational method used by an OS to store files and folders.
c. Organizational method used by an OS to store file attributes.
d. Organizational method used by an OS to assign cluster.
2.
FAT12 is used on what type of media?
a. CDs
b. Hard drives
c. Floppy drives
d. Network drives
3.
What file format can only use FAT16?
a. DOS
b. Windows 98
c. Windows NT
d. Windows XP
4.
Which of the follow file naming conventions is correct for DOS?
a. C:MYDOCS\MYSTUFF\MYNEWFILE.TXT
b. C:MYDOCS\MYFILE.TXT\MYSTUFF
c. C;MYDOCS\MYSTUFF\MYFILE.TXT
d. C:MYDOCS\MYSTUFF\MYFILE.TXT
5.
Where is the Master Boot Record located?
a. track 0, head 0, sector 0
b. track 0, head 0, sector 1
c. track 1, head 1, sector 1
d. track 1, head 1, sector 0
6.
What switch is added to FDISK to repair the Master Boot record?
a. MBR
b. /MBR
c. FIXMBR
d. /FIXMBR
7.
Which file format only supports up to 2GB?
a. FAT12
b. FAT16
c. FAT32
d. NTFS
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. All rights reserved.
13
8.
What advances did NTFS5 offer? (Choose all that apply)
a. Enhanced security
b. File Encryption
c. File Compression
d. File Recovery
e. Disk Recovery
f. Disk Quotas
9.
The two types of logical disks are Basic and Dynamic.
10. Which of the following are types of Dynamic disks? (choose all that apply)
a. Spanned
b. Extended
c. Mirrored
d. Logical
e. Stripped
f. Simple
g. Primary
11. Disk Management is located under the _________________ window.
a. Computer Management
b. Device Manager
c. Services
d. Storage
12. From the Windows XP Recovery Console, what command will repair the Master
Boot Record?
a. \FIXMBR
b. FIXMBR
c. FDISK /FIXMBR
d. FDISK /MBR
IT: Computer Maintenance: File Format Plan
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14