International Telecommunication Union
Global Standards for Converged
Communication Services
Chae Sub Lee
Vice-Chairman of ITU-T SG13
ETRI, Korea (Rep. of)
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
Contents
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
2. Status of Current Voice
3. Requirements for future Voice
4. Conclusion
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
Key Trends of Convergence
Network Convergence: Internet, NGN etc.
Service Convergence: FMC, IPTV etc.
Terminal Convergence: PC, PDA, Int .Phones etc.
Business Convergence: Triple Play, Q Play etc.
Fundamental Core Service:
Voice
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
Key Points for enabling Convergence
 Independence between Services and Transport
 Separation between Access and Core Networks
 Access agnostic provision of Networks/Services
 Multi Functional Terminals
 Unified/Integrated Id Management: Service, User etc.
 Unified/Integrated ABC (Accounting, Billing and Charging)
 Regulations for Convergences
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
Definition of NGN
ITU-T
Rec.
Y.2001
Next Generation Network (NGN):
a packet-based network able to provide
telecommunication services and able to make use of
multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport
technologies and in which service-related functions
are independent from underlying transport-related
technologies.
It enables unfettered access for users to networks and
to competing service providers and/or services of
their choice. It supports generalized mobility which
will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of
services to users.
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
Key Principles of NGN
 Open architecture: open to support service creation,
service updating, and incorporation of service logic
provision by third parties and also support “Distributed
control” as well as enhanced security and protection.
 Independent provisioning: service provision process should
be separated from network operation by using distributed,
open control mechanism to promote competition.
 Multiplicity: The NGN functional architecture shall offer
the configuration flexibility needed to support multiple
access technologies.
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
NGN in 4 words…
• by Fixed
• by Mobile
• by Wireless
NGN = Broadband Managed IP Network
• for Services
• for Businesses
• for Players
• for Users
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
Regulatory Implication of NGN
Pre-NGN
Video
Services
(TV, movie,
etc)
Telephone
Services
Data
Services
(WWW,
e-mail, etc)
Video
Services
Network
Telephone
Services
Network
Data
Services
Network
New PolicyRegulation
Environment (Horizontal)
New Business
Environment (Compositional)
Service-based Pol./Reg.
Voice Internet Video
MM
Access Network
Provider Domain
Pol.
Reg.
ANP 1 (DSL)
Service/Application
Provider Domain
SP SP SP
1 2 3
SP
m
ANP 2 (DSL)
IP (Future Packet ?) Platform
Pol. X
Reg. x
xDSL/Optic based Fixed-Mobile
ANP 3 (Opt)
User
ANP N (Cable)
Resource-based Pol./Reg.
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
CNP
1
CNP
2
CNP
3
Core Network
Provider Domain
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
NGN; a Convergence Platform
 Combination IP with Broadband accelerating intrinsic convergence
• Service convergence: Web based service provisioning
• Network convergence: IP over any broadband transport networks
 Advanced Mobile and Wireless technology initiate business
convergence such as Fixed-Mobile convergence
 Broadband Fixed, Wireless and Mobile technology boost another
business convergence, called “Multiple Play: Tele-Broadcasting”
TeleBroadcasting
FMC
NGN
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
NGN; Enablers for Convergence
Business/Application oriented projects
Limited
Services
FMC
BE IP
Limited BB
N
G
N
•Simple linkage btw layers
•Simple business relationships
•Simple players
RFID
IPTV
Others
Managed IP
Converged Broadband
•Simple linkage btw layers with dynamics
•Diverse and Flexible business relationships
•Diverse business models and players
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
NGN; Enablers for FMC
Unified Service/Control Platform, merge all
kind of network as access technology.
APP Server
HSS
Session/Service Control Component
NGN
3G RAN
2G RAN
WiFi
Broadband
Ref: Fixed Mobile Convergence’s Standardization, Baofeng, Huawei, ITU-T/IETF Joint Workshop on NGN Geneva, 1-2 May 2005
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
1. Convergence Platform: NGN
NGN as an Infrastructure for IPTV
TV
QoS, Traffic control, Security,
X-casting, Accounting etc.
IP
802.xx
Access
Cable
Domain 1
IntServ
Domain 2 Domain 3
DiffServ
MPLS-TE
Domain 4
Over-Prov
xDSL
Multi-Service Packet Transport
NGN
2G/3G
Wireless
Integrated QoS, Traffic control,
Security, Multi services etc.
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
2. Status of Current Voice
Status of Voice Quality
• During the last 20 years, big improvement in Use of Voice
• But during the last 20 years, no improve in Quality of Voice
• Cost/Price oriented policy, but change to Quality based
7 kHz
Audio
Class
3.1 kHz
Audio
Class
PSTN
ISDN
2G
3G
VoIP
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
NGN(?)
2. Status of Current Voice
Status of Voice Codecs
 PSTN: G.711
 Mobile communication: AMR for 3GPP, EVRC for 3GPP2
 VoIP: G.729, G.729.1, G.711, G.723.1, G.726, ILBC
 NGN ?
Too many speech codecs prevent VoIP interoperability.
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
2. Status of Current Voice
Standard Codec of ITU-T
 Narrowband Codec
 Wideband Codec
1972
• G.711 64kbps
1988
• G.722 48,56,64kbps
1988
• G.726
13,24,32,40kbps
1999
• G.722.1 24,32kbps
2001
• G.722.2 ~23.8kbps
2006
• G.729.1 8~32kbps
1992
• G.728 16kbps
1995
• G.723.1 5.3/6.3kbps
1996
• G.729 6.4,8,11.8kbps
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
2. Status of Current Voice
Standard Codec for Wireless Communication
 3GPP2
 3GPP
1993
• IS-96A Rate Set 1
1994
• EVRC Rate Set 1
1995
• QCELP 13k Rate Set 2
2001
2004
• SMV Rate Set 1
1989
• FR 13kbps
1995
• HR 5.6kbps
1996
• EFR 12.2kbps
1999
• AMR-NB Multi-rate
2000
• AMR-WB Multi-rate
2004
• AMR-WB+
• VMR-WB Rate Set 2
Most of SDO provides wideband codec to
provide better speech quality…
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
3. Requirements for Future Voice
Common Medias for Services: Voice + Audio
 Beyond Telephone Terminal
- Multi-service, multi-mode, and Multimedia Convergence
- Mobile Phone, WiFi Phone, PDA etc.
Multi-mode: WiFi, CDMA/GSM,,
Telephony, SMS, Presense, PTT
Music play, Mobile game & talk
Cinema play, Mobile TV
e-Learning. e-Commerce(e.g. credit card)
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
3. Requirements for Future Voice
Basic Requirenents of Voice in NGN
 NGN is BB IP network, but quality of VoIP is poor
- QoS of network becomes better and better
- BW grows more and more with low cost
Quality Improvements
 Different Standards for different networks
- Trans-coding causes quality degradation
- Trans-coding needs more cost
Minimize Trans-coding
 Too many SDO on media codec
- ITU-T, 3GPP, 3GPP2, IETF, MPEG
- No convergence codec for foreseen service
Convergence Codec(s)
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
3. Requirements for Future Voice
Improve Quality of Voice and Audio
Narrowband Quality
• Frequency band limited to 300~3,400 Hz
Wideband quality
• Frequency band extended to 50 - 7,000Hz
- More natural, Better intelligibility
- Increased sensation of presence
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
3. Requirements for Future Voice
Voice + Audio + Video Convergence
Dual-mode Phones
WiFi
Phone
Mobile Phone
MP3 Player
Mobile TV
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
3. Requirements for Future Voice
Features of Latest Codec Standards
 High flexibility provided by "scalability" features
• Bit-rate scalability and Interoperability
- G.729.1: 8 ~ 32kbps and having legacy G.729 mode
• VBR codec providing Bandwidth Scalability
- G.729.1: 8, 12kbps : Narrowband(300-3,400Hz),
14~32kbps:Wideband(50-7,000Hz)
- AMR-WB: 9 kinds of mode upto 23.85Kbit/s
 Very high robustness to packet loss
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
3. Requirements for Future Voice
Scalability of Codec – G.729.1 as an Example
All IP
Network
No transcoding operation by Media Gateway
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
4. Conclusion
For Future Communications
o Provision of Excellent Quality
• NGN should support Better quality than PSTN and Mobile
e.g. Transparent Speech Quality compared /w 16 bit PCM Voice
• This could create new equipment and service market
o Provision of Seamless Speech and Audio Convergence
• NGN should support “Seamless Handover” over FMC environments
• NGN should support Multimedia services over various convergences
• Single Codec providing Speech & Music Communications
• This could provide better quality and lower cost for MM convergence
and Post-mobile terminal
• No trans-coding should be target of NGN
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
4. Conclusion
NGN Release 2 Vision (Temporary)
o Vision* of Mobility and Codec
• Mobility vision: Support handover, including seamless handover
• Codec Vision: Support a wide range of services including FMC
Scope
Depth
Mobility
 Service continuity with both Handover
and Seamless Handover
 Access Network and/or Core Network
 Same operator or between operators
 Heterogeneous and/or
Homogeneous
 List of Access Networks including:
 xDSL;
 FTTx;
 Mobile access(es);
 Wireless Access(es)
 etc
Codec(s)
 Recommendation on:
 narrowband audio codec(s)
 wideband audio codec(s)
 video codec(s)
 Voice in Fixed/Mobile convergence
 Telecom-Broadcasting convergence
 Multimedia in FMC, including addition
of Telecom-Broadcasting convergence
 Application areas
 Convergences
 Quality
 Mechanism
 Service characteristics
 Constraints
 Etc
Time
End of 2008
or 2009
* This vision/plan was discussed at the last NGN-GSI event, January Beijing 2007. It is need further development.
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
4. Conclusion
Next Direction of Global Standardization
VoIP
Messaging
N-IDs
IPTV
Others
QoS, Security, Media Handling etc
NGN
Fixed-BB-AN*
Wireless-BB-AN
Mobile-BB-AN
Broadband Core-T
Broadband Core-T
IntCon.
R-BCS-BB-AN**
* Include cable based Broadband Access Network technology
** means radio based broadcasting transport capabilities include satellite means
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006
Thank you for
your attention !!!
ITU Workshop “Future of Voice“, Geneva, 15-16 January 2006