o
so
o
PRIVATESALMON
HATCHERIES
IN OREGON
o
t
OREGON
DEPARTMTNT
O F F I S H A N DI . J i L D L I F E
FISHDIVISION
T. [dwin Cummings
M a n c hl 9 8 l
o
o
TABLEOF CONTENTS
t
ION
I NTRODUCT
ANDRULTS
LAWS
I
PROGMI-I
DEVELOPII1ENT.
E g gS u p p l y
Evau
l a t io n
D is e a s eP r o t e c t i o n
4
4
6
9
l0
il
il
P R IV A TE
SALM ON
HATCHERIES
ST AT UOF
S OR E GON
C o l u m b j aR i v e r E s t u a r Y
Nehalem
Bay.
T i I I a mo o k.
il
t5
l5
t6
t6
17
S a n dL a k e .
Yaqu'inB
a ay.
S i u s l a wB a y .
C o o sB a y
Burnt Hill Creef
DISCUSSION
r@
TABLESANDFIGURES
\./
Tabe
l I
coastal stations andnumbersold
S a l m o ne g g s t a k e n a t O D F W
to p ri va te o p er ator s
Table2
o f salmonr eleases by pr ivate salm onhatcher y
A su mma ry
operatorsin 0regon.
T a b le 3
E v a l u a t i o no f p r i v a t e s a l m o nh a t c h e r yo p e r a t i o n sf o r c o h o .
T a b le
)e_
A
.+
E g g st a k e n f r o m w ' i l d f a l l c h i n o o kf o r s t o c k a s s e s s m e natn d
b i o o d s t o c k d e v e l o p m e nptr o g r a mi n c o o p e r a t i o nw i t h p r i v a t e
operators. .
Table5
Ore g o np ri va te salm onhatcher ies
Tabie6
S a l mo nre l e a ses by pr ivate hatcher y oper ator s
F i gu re I
L o c a t i o n o f a u t h o r i z e dp r i v a t e s a l m o nh a t c h e r i e si n 0 r e g o n
.l972- 80.
,
P RIVATE
SALI4ON
IN OREGON
HATCHERIES
INTRODUCTION
.
.l870's
T h e f i r s t p r i v a t e s a ] m o nh a t c h e r i e sj n 0 r e q o nw e r e b u i l t i n t h e
with
h a t c h e ri e s o p e ra te d b y R . D. Hum eon the n5gueRjver
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egon
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Pr o pa g a ti o nC o mp a noyn the Clackam as
had
the gover nm ent
River . By
t a k e n o v e r o p e r a t i o n o f a ' l l s a l m o nh a t c h e r i e si n t h e s t a t e . A s h a t c h e r y
d i e t s a n d r e a r i n g t e c h n i q u e s' i m p r o v eidn r e c e n t y e a r s , p r i v a t e c i t i z e n s
i n t e r e s t e d i n p r o p a g a t i n gs a i m o n . R e s e a r c h
againbecame
a t 0 r e g o nS t a t e
(
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Univers'ity
i n h a t c h i n gc h u ms a l m o nu s i n g i n e x p e n s i v es t r e a m s i d e
i n c u b a t o r si n c r e a s e dp u b l i c i n t e r e s t , a n d O r e g o nJ a w sw e r e e n a c t e di n l 9 7 l
t o a l I o w s a l m o np n o p a g a t ' i obny p r i v a t e c i t i z e n s .
T h i s r e v i e w o f O r e g o n ' sp r i v a t e s a l m o ni n d u s t r y i n c l u d e s i n f o r m a t i o no n
e x p e r i m e r , t adl e v e l o p m e nbty p r i v a t e o p e r a t o r s , p r o g r e s so f p e r m i t h o l d e r s ,
a n d c u r r e n t r e g u l a t ' i o n sg o v e r n i n gp r i v a t e s a l m o nh a t c h e r yo p e r a t i o n si n
Oregon.
LAI^JS
ANDRULES
'aL
.l971,
) hich
In
t h e O r e g o nL e g i s l a t u r e p a s s e d0 r e g o nR e v i s e dS t a t u t e s ( O R S w
p
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m
a u t h o r j z e da
f o r p r i v a t e r e a r i n g , r e l e a s e , a n d r e c a p t u r eo f c h u m
s a l m o n( 0 R S5 0 8 . 7 0 0t h r o u g h 5 0 8 . 7 4 5 ) ,a n d c h a r g e dt h e 0 r e g o nF i s h C o n m i s s j o n
w i t h a d m i n i s t r a t i o no f t h e p.rlo9g7r5a m . T h e F i s h C o m m i s s i oann d 0 r e g o n| ' J i l d l i f e
i n t o t h e 0 r e g o nD e p a r t m e not f F i s h a n d
C o m m j s s i owne r e c o m b i n e di n
program. Thestatutes
| . l i l d l i f e ( 0 D F l ^ l )w, h i c h i s n o wr e s p o n
. Is9i7b3l ef o r . lt9h7i s9 ,
and
t o a u t h o r i z ep e r n i t s f o r
r . r e r em o d ' i f i e db y t h e L e g ' i s ' l a t u r ei n
c o h o , c h i n o o k , l n d p i n k - s a l m o n . T h e F i s h a n d l , r | j l d l i f e C o m m i s s i o(nF f ' ' l Ch)a s
t h r o u g h6 3 5 - 4 0 - . l 8 5 )t,o f a c i l i t a t e
a d o p t e dA d m i n i s t r a t i v eR u l e s ( O A R6 3 5 - 4 0 - 0 0 5
p
ro
g
ra
m.
c o n d u cto f th e
O R S5 0 6 . 0 3 6g i v e s t h e C o m m i s s ' i "oenx c l u s i v ej u r i s d i c t i o n o v e r a l i f i s h ,
s h e l l f i s h , a n d o t h e r a n i m a l s . . . w ' i t h i nt h e w a t e r s o f t h e s t a t e " a n d f u r t h e r
s t a t e s " t h e d u t y o f p r o t e c t i o n , p r e s e r v a t i o n ,p r o p a g a t i o n ,c u l t i v a t i o n ,
d e v e l o p m e n at ,n d p r o m o t i o no f a l l f i s h e s u n d e r i t s i u r j s d j c t j o n r v i t h i n t h e
w a t e r s o f t h i s s t a t e ' i s d e l e g a t e dt o a n d i m p o s e du p o nt h e C o n r n i s s i o n . "
t ^ l i t h i nt h e c h a r g eg ' i v e ni n t f i e a b o v es t a t u t e , t h e t l i l d l i f e P o l i c V ( 9 B ! 4 9 6 . 0 . l 2 ) ,
t h e F o o dF i s h M a n a g e m ePnot l i c y ( 0 R S5 0 6 . . l 0 9 ) ,a n d O R S5 0 8 . 7 0 0 - 5 0 8 . 7 4 5 ,
g D F hi sl r e s p o n s i b l ef o r m a n a g e m eonft t h e p r i v a t e s a l m o nh a t c h e r yp r o g r a m
a s p a r t o f t h e s a l m o np r o d u c t i o no f t h e s t a t e .
3_
R e g u l a t i o n sa d m i n i s t e r e db y o t h e r s t a t e a g e n c i e sa n d t h e F e d e r a lG o v e r n m e n t
a r e a l s o a p p l i c a b ' l et o p r i v a t e s a l m o nr a n c h i n go p e r a t i o n s . T o g e t h e rt h e
r e g u ' l a t i o n sg i v e a r i g i d s e t o f s t a n d a r d sw h i c h r n u s tb e m e t b y t h e p r i v a t e
s a ' l m o rna n c h e ra s h e s e l e c t s a s i t e , c o n s t r u c t sf a c i l i t i e s , a n d t h e n
c o n du ctso p e ra t'i o n s. H e m ust meet the r equir em entsof local and state
z o n i n gr e g u l a t i o n s ; U S A r m yC o r p so f E n g i n e e r sa n d D ' i v i s i o no f S t a t e L a n d s
r e q u i i e me n tsfo r w o rk i n waten*ays;health or Foodand Dr ug r estr ic ti ons
f o r d i se a se tre a tme n t a n d pr ocessing; and dischar geper mits as r equi r ed by
t h e 0re g o nD e p a rtme not f Envir onnentalQuality and the US Envir onm ental
P r o te cti o n A g e n cy. S p e cia' lRepor t 573, 0r egonState Univer sity Ex tens i on
M a r i n eA d v i s o r yF r o g r a m ,1 9 8 0 , i s a n e x c e l l e n t r e v i e w o f a p p l i c a b l e r e g u l a t'ions.
F o l l o w i n gl s a s u m m a royf r e g u l a t i o n sa n d p r a c t i c e s a p p l i c a b ' l et o o b t a i n i n g
a p ri va te sa l n ro nh a tcher y per mft and oper ating a hatcnlr y.
l.
A $ 1 0 9a p p l i c a t i o n f e e i s r e q u i r e d f o r e a c h s p e c i e s . I n c o m p i e t e
a p p l i ca ti o n s a re not accepted. A m inimumof b monthsii r el ui r ea tor
r e v i e w a n d e v a l u a t i o n . N o a p p l i c a t i o n sw i l l b e r e v i e w e au n t i t t h e
applicant is within Z years of receivlngeggs:
z.
A p u b ' l i c h e a r i n gm u s t b e h e l d b y t h e O r e g o nF i s h a n d t r | i l d l i f e C o n r n i s s i o n
o r _ t h e i l d . . r i g n a t e dh e a r i n g so f f i c e r p r i o r t o i s s u e o f a p r i v a t e
sa l mo nh a tch e ry per mit. inter ested par ties m ay inter vene i n the
h e a r i n g i ! a c c o r d a n cw
e i t h e s t a b l i s h e dp r o c e d u r e . T h e a p p l i c a n t m u s t
s h o w .i,n _ h i s a p p l i c a t i b n a n d a t t h e h e a r i n g , h o wh e b e l i b v e s p u b l i c
s t o c k s o f s a l m o nw i l l b e a f f e c t e d b y h i s o p e r a t i o n . ' O A R6 3 5 - 4 0 - . 1 0 0
t h r o u g hl 8 5 c o v e r t h e a p p l i c a t i o n a n d h e a r i n g s ,p r o c e s s .
3 . l g " Ii ts
ma yn o t be issued if:
the oper ation m ay be a thr eat to publ i c
f i s h p o p u l a t i o n s ;t h e p r o p o s e ds i t e i s o n a s t r l a m w h e r ea g o v e r n m e n t
h a t c h e r y i s l o c a t e d ; t h e s i t e i s n o t i n c l o s e p r o x i r n i t yt o i h e o c e a n ;
t h e a p p l i c a n t d o e s n o t h a v et h e t e c h n i c a l a n d f i n a n c i a l c a p a b i l i t y f o r
h a t c h e r yc o n s t r u c t i o na n d o p e r a t i o n ; t h e r e i s s u f f i c i e n t e v i d e n c et o
s h o wt h e a p p l i c a n t w i l l n o t p r o p e r l y c o n d u c tt h e o p e r a t i o na u t h o r i z e d
u n d e r th e p e rmi t; or the pr ivate hatcher yoper ation would not be
c o n s i s t e n t w j t h p l a n n i n ga n d z o n i n g r e q u i r e n e n t s .
4.
P e rmi ts a re p e rmanent,per sona' to
l the per mittee, and ar e not tr ans f e r a b l e u n l e s s a u t h o r i z e db y t h e C o n r n i s s i o n .
5.
T h e ' l a w a n d i n d i v i d u a l p e r m ' i t sp r o v i d e f o r n ' a r k i n go f f i s h a s 0 D F t l
d e t e r m i n e sp r a c t i c a l , d i s e a s ee x a m i n a t ' i o n sd,e s t r u c t i o n o f d i s e a s e d
fi sh u n d e r so mecir cumstances,oper ation m ethodsfor the pe r m i tted
h a tch e ry, a n d h a rvest of r etur ning fish. ODFl^l
r epr esentati v esr ev i ew
a n n u a ir e a r i n g / r e l e a s ep l a n s a n d m a k ep e r i o d i c v i s i t s t o p r i v a t e
h a t c h e r yf a c i l i t i e s t o a s s u r ec o m p l i a n c w
e ith regulations.
6.
T e rmso f a p e rmi t m aybe alter ed by ODFl.l,
thr ough due pr oces s , to
i n c l u d e o r d e r ' l y t e r m i n a t i o no f t h e p e r m i t .
7.
T h e p e rr;'i tte e i s responsiblefor costs of r ep' lacingnatur a'l s tc c k s of
f i s h d a m a g ebdy h i s o p e r a t i o n .
8.
F i sh re 'l e a se db y per mittee ar e pub' lic pr oper ty fr om the time of
r e J e a s eu n t i l r e t u r n t o t h e p r i v a t e h a t c h e r yf a c i i i t y .
9.
H a tch e ryo p e ra to rs ar e r esponsiblefor obtaining their ovr neggs or
fi sh fro m a so u rce appr ovedby 0DFI,J.The state can se' ll eg gs , s ur pl us
to i ts o w n n e e d s, to pr ivate oper ator s. A guide for egg sa 'l es has
b e e nd e v e l o p e db y O D F W
and is available on request.
'10.
,&
A fi sh tra n sp o rt per mit m ust be obtained befor e live fish or eggs ar e
tra n sp o rte d o r re ' leasedi n t o a n y w a t e r s , p u b l i c o r p r i v a t e , w i t h i n t h e
s t a t e ( 0 R S4 9 8 . 2 2 2 ; O R S
5 0 9 . . | 1 5 ) . A s e p a r a t er e l e a s e p e r m i t i s r e q u i r e d
p ri o r to e a ch re l ease of sa'lmonby private sa'lmonhatchery operators
( o R S5 0 8 . 7 1 s ) .
-2-
o
of live eggs or fish into 0r egonm ust be ac c om R e q u e stsfo r sh 1 p ment
p u r i i . A b y a r e p o r t s h o w i n gr e s u l l s o f a c u r r e n t d i s e a s ei n s p e c t i o n
c e r t i f i e d b y i ' p a t h o l o g i s i a c c e p t a b l et o 0 D F W( O R S4 9 8 . ? 3 4 \ - D i s e a s e
c e r t i f i c a t i i n m l y b e r 6 q u i r e d f o r s h i p m e n t sw i t h i n t h e s t a t e . F i s h o r
. g g i * o u . a p r i o r " t o - c e r t ' i f i c a t i o n m u s t b e h e l d i n i s o ' l a t i o nf a c i l i t i e s .
ll.
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ployees
I n d j v i d u a l c o m m e r c i af lj s h i n g i i c e n s e s a r e r e q u i r e d f o r peem
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other
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s'ite )
1 2 . N o e g g s o r r e s u l t i n g f i s h m a yb e s o l d b y t h e p e r m i t t e ei f h e e x e r c i . s e s
a p ri 6 ri ty ri g h t w i in OOfWtb pur chaseeggs of the samespecjes and
b r o o dy e a i . [ O F Wm u s t a p p r o v ea ' l ' l s a l e s - o f e g g s o r f l s h f o r s e e db y p r . i v a t Lo p e r a t o r s . T r a n s f e r a n d i n t r o d u c t i o n o f s t o c k s o r s p e c i e so. f
fl sh fro m o n e to a nother ar ea of the state is subject to appr ov alby
0DFhl.
.l3.
o f i n 0 r e g o nw a t e r s . I n t h e
S i c k a n d d e a df i s h m u s t n o t b e d ' i s p o s e d
c a s e o f a d i s e a s ee p i d e m i c ,f i s h w i t h i n a h a t c h e r yn n y b e d e s t r o y e d
l a t h o i o g ' i s ta n d a t t h e p e r m i t t e e ' s
u n d e rt h e g u i d u n . . b t a n 0 D F tp
expense.
1 4 . F a c . i l i t i e s a n d r e c o r d s a r e s u b i e c t t o i n s p e c t i o n a t a n y . t i m e! y a n .
yand
0 re g o nS ta te P o l i ce offjcer or r epr esentat' iveof ODFI' { Monthl
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a n n u a l re p o rts o n p r oduction and/or r etur ns ar e
R
etur
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ODFl^l
R e p o rtsmu st b e o n 'for ms pr ov' idedby or acceptableto
d a t a f o r a n j n d i v i d u a l p e r m i t t e ei s t a x i n f o r m a t i o na n d c a n n o tb e
in total with other return data unless
r e l e a s e de x c e p tw h e nc o m b i n e d
pur
poses
or as author ized by a per mi ttee.
fo
r
ma
n
agement
n e ce ssa ry
.15.
C h a r g e sa r e m a d et o t h e p r i v a t e h a t c h e r yp e r m i t t e ef o r i n s p e c t i . o n as n d
t e c h i i c a j s e r v i c e s p r o v i b e db y t h e S t a t e . T h e s ec h a r g e si n c l u d e
t coveradministrative
w a g e s ,e x p e n s e sa, n d a n o v e r h e a da s s e s s m e nt o
costs.
.16.
F a i ' l u r e t o c o m p l yw i t h p e r t ' i n e n tr u l e s a n d r e g u l a t i o n sm a yb e g r o u n d s
f o r t e r m i n a t i o no f t h e P e r m i t .l9
f t8d0l i,f e C o n r n i s s i o na,f t e r r e v i e w a t a p u b l i c h e a r i n go n
n d, t.1
T h e F i s h a.;2
i mp oseda m or ator iumon addjtional per mits for c oho,
D e ce mb e r
c h i n o o k , a n d c h u ms a l m o n . T h e m o r a t o r i u mw i l l b e i n e f f e c t u n t i l 1 9 8 5 '
u n l e s s n r o d i f i e de a r l i e r b y C o n r n i s s i oanc t i o n . T h e b a s i s f o r t h i s a c t i o n ,
sta ff, was the need for evaluation to assur ethat
r e co rn me n dbeyd OD F |,J
p r i va te o p e ra l j o n s me e t the r equir ementsof the statutes and r em ai nc ons i s t e n t w i t h t h e s t a t e ' s o v e r a l ' l f i s h m a n a g e m epnrto g r a m . A l t h o u g ht h e p r i v a t e
s a lmo nh a tch e ry re g u l a tions have been in effect for sever al year s, ther e
h a s n o t b e e n e n o u g hp ro duction or time for fish to r etur n to effec ti v el y
e y a l u a t et h e p o t e n t i a l i m p a c t .
o
b u d g e tsa co o rd i n ator , par t tim e, to monitor pr ivate hatcheryoper ati ons ,
0 DF W
m a k ei n s p e c t ' i o n so f f a c i i i t i e s , a n d g e n e r a l l y c o o r d i n a t e ,w i t h t h e p r i v a t e
staff and Resear chSection for s pec i fi c
o p e ra to rs, n e e d so f th e Depar tm ent
e v a l u a t i o n so r i n f o r m a t i o na b o u t p r i v a t e o p e r a t i o n s .
DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAFI
Egg Suppl.y
E g g ssu rp l u s to th e n e edsof the state of 0r egonm aybe sold after the
n e e d so f t h e S t a t e p r o g r a ma r e m e t . S t a t e n e e d si n c l u d e e g g sf o r : g o v e r n m e n t h a t c h e r yp r o g r a m s - i n0 r e g o na n d a ' l o n gt h e C o l u m b i aR i v e r ; O D F W ' s
l r o g r a m si n
S a l m o na n d T i o u t E n h a n c e m ePnrto g r a m( S T E P ) ;a n d e d u c a t i o n a p
v a r i o u s s c h o o l s . A d u l t s a l m o na i e t r a n s f e r r e d f r o m S t a t e h a t c h e r i e st o
v a r i o u s s t r e a m st o s u p p l e m e nnt a t u r a l s p a w n i n g a
, ndfingerlings or smolts
a r e a J s o u s e d t o s u p p l b m e nstt r e a mp o p u l a t i o n i w i t h i n t h e n e e d so f t h e
s t ate .
o
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ot
of our
T h e n a t u r a l a n d a r t i f i c i a l n e e d so f t h e s t a t e a r e a c o m b i n a t i o n
r
e
q
u
e
s t sf r o m o u r
a
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
,
p
r
o
d
u
c
e
f
a
c
j
'
l
i
t
i
e
s
capabilities to
fish'in the
m
o
n
i
e
sp r o v i d e d
t
h
e
a
n
d
f i e l d s t a f f f o r s u p p l e m e n t aslt o c k i n g o f s t r e a m s ,
r
e
a
r
i
n
g sPgcel
b y l e g i s l a t u r e t o m e e tt h e s e n e e d s . | ^ l eP r o g r a me g g - t a k e s ,
a
va'ilable
o
t
h
e
r
f
i
s
h
,
a
n
d
u s e o i t r a n s p o r t a t i o nn e c e s s a r yt o t r a n s p l a n t i ! g
(
S
T
E
P
)
,
the
e
t
c
.
,
w
i
t
h
i
n
f a c i l j t i e s s u c h a s t h o s e o p e r a t e db y c i t i z e n s
r
e
t
u
r
n
c o n s t r a i n t o f o u r b u d g e t . I n s o m ey e a r s , m o r ea d u l t s a l m o n ' is t o o u r
better
h a tch e ri e s th a n a re n e ededfor the agencypr ogr am ,or sur vival
t h a n e x p e c t e dd u r i n g i n c u b a t i o na n d i n i t i a l r e a r i n g . l . l h e nt h i s o c c u r s
e x c e s se g g s o r f i s h m a yb e s o l d t o p r o v i d e s e e d t o t h e o t h e r p a r t o f t h e
sa'lmon
r e a r i n g p r o g r a mi n t h e s t a t e , p r i v a t e h a t c h e r i e s . A c o m p a r i s oonf
e g g s t a k e n a t o u r h a t c h e r i e sa n d t h o s e s o 1 d t o p r i v a t e o p e r a t o r si s s h o w n
in Tablel.
U se o f l o ca l stre a msto cks to developa hatcher y stock is the bes t w ay to
m i n i m i z ei m p a c t i n gt h o s e s t o c k s w i t h a h a t c h e r yp r o g r a m - T h e n e x t a l t e r { )o u l du s e t o e n h a n c e
n a t i v e i s t h e u s e - o f h a t c h e r ys t o c k s t h a t w e ( 0 D F t , w
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
e
st o b e a s i o w p r o c e s s
t h e l o c a l s t r e a m . D e v e l o p i n gl o c a l s t o c k s
p
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
no f w j l d r u n s e v e n
because
we are not willing to take a'large
w h e nsmo l ts a re re tu rn ed to the str eam in lar ger number sthan woul d hav e
s u r v i v e df r o m n a t u r a l s p a w n i n g .
a
o
Northof Cascade
H e a d ,w h e r es i g n ' i f f c a n t c h u mr u n s s t i l l e x i s t , w e w i l l
c o n tj n u e to re l y o n l o c al chumstocks for seed. l.lehave allowed i m por ts of
c h u msa l mo nso u th o f C ascadeHeadwher e ther e ar e few natur al stoc k s .
Sr n a l l ch u mru n s e xi st i n only a few centr al coast str eam sand ther e ar e no
v i a b l e r u n s s o u t h o f t h e Y a q u i n as y s t e m
t
t
Gt-
l . l eh a ve a l l o w e d i mp o rts of coho salm onto Yaqu' ina,Siuslawand Co osbay s .
C o h oj m p o r t sw i l l b e t e r m i n a t e da s t h e p r i v a t e o p e r a t o r sa r e a b l e t o
p r o vfd e se e d fro m th e i r own r etur ns, which is expectedin 1981. l ,l ehav e
b e e nw o rki n g w i th p ri vate oper ator s to r educeany genetic potential for
a d ve rsei mp a ctsb y p ro viding ( se1' ling) 0r egoncoasta' l coho eggswhenther e
i s a s u r p l u s a v a i l a b l e . t J eh a v ea l s o p r o v i d e dm a l e g a n e t e sf o r o u t c r o s s i n g
w i t h i m p o r t s a n d f o r f e r t i l i z i n g e g g s t a k e n f r o m a d u l t c o h or e t u r n i n g t o
I
-4-
o
.o'Table I'
a
s ol d to
C o a s t a lS t a t i o n s and Num ber S
S a l n o nE g g sT a k e na t 0 D F W
P ri va te Op e rator s, 1 9 7 3 - 8 0B r o o d s .
Fall Chinook
S p e cei s
S p r i n gC h i n o o k
Coho
Brood
Year
o
a
I 973
4 , 3 6 6 , 8 0 c011_. /t ) U
19 7 4
2,42?,400
I 975
3,488,.l00 (20.8)
( 5 to , 9 1 5 ) 3 , /
(o)
(tzs ,szs)
A.
il
(o)
4 3 6- , 5 3 6
(o)
I 976
o
(o)
1977
3 , 8 3 2 , 3 4 8( . l 4 . 1 )
(sqo,goo)
I 97 8
3,214,348
(o)
1979
'
1980
3
,.l35,009 (12.9)
"iqoi]iiil
T o ta l
10.8)
2 3 , 8 8 8 , 0 4 7(\'-'-'
2/
3/
(o)
2,068,900 (0)
(0)
g , 6 13 , l o o ( s . l 1
( 5 0 9 ,4 9 5)
I , 9 8 4 , 8 8 3 .( 6 . 3 )
8 , 3 4 7 , 8 8 2 ( 9 .0 )
(75.|,3lo)
2 , 6 1 0 , 3 0 0( . l . | . 8 )
5,667,600 (5.6)
( 3 17 , 3 8 5 )
2 , 5 9 2 , 0 7 (8l .o . I )
( 2 6 1, 8 o o )
9,j67,383(25.2)
( 2 , 3 . 0l , . |8 0 )
2 1 9 4 8 , ? 8 9( 7. . . l )
(209'380)
7,394,065 (.l.1)
(8.|,335)
4 , 8 4 5 , . l 0(44. 4 . 4 )
(2'l5l ,230)
6,223,090 (0.2)
(12,445)
( l 2 5' o 5 o )
( 308' 015)
(2s'
8)
(r32)
133,'oo'
iZZt:3?3r ri:333,
" t?:'rtl',33|
l'-'-'
7r',;i"6',iis)
(3e.1) le'ztl'9i1.('14.4)
6,587,306
(2'842'7es)
tz,sis,olsl'
? 8 , 4 4 6 , 7 1 7 . ( 2 6 . 6.)9 q ' ? 9 ? ' 1 4 5 . ( 1 4 ' 3 )
7i,saq'Jeo)
(12,6e3,77a)
e i s l e a d i n gl n s o m ec a s e sb e c a u s ea d d ' i t j o
P e r c e n t a g es o l d : P e r c e n t a g e s - a rm
a s o p p o s e dt o s e l l i n g
e g g sw e r e t a k e n s p e c i f i c a l i i - f o " - t u l e a s v i i U t e e g g s
u n s p a w n ecda r c a s s e s N u m b eor f e g g s s o l d .
s , a l o n g w i t h i m p r o v e dh o m i n ga s
t h e p r i v a t e o p e r a t i o n s . T h e s ee f f o r t' lessen
the potentia' l for lon g- ter m ,
h a tch e ry sto cks a re d eve' loped,will
pr
ivate
oper
ations on natur al spa w ni ng
ha.tcher y
a d ve rse -,i n fl u e n ce o f
stocks.
l , l ea re n o t a l l o w i n g i mpor ts of chinook to coastal systemsand hav e had on'l y
l i m i t e d s u r p l u s e so f c h i n o o ke g g s a v a i l a b l e f r o m O r e g o nc o a s t a l h a t c h e r i e s .
by a quar antinedue to a per sistent v i r us
T h i s p ro b l e rnh a s b e e n compounded
a t E 'l i <R i ve r H a tch e ry , r esear ch pr bjects at Fall Cr eek Hatcher y ,and attem pts
hatcher y use, fr om local s toc k s t o d e ve l o po u r o w nch i nook seed, for ODFhl
w
i l l p r o b a b l yn o t b e a b l e t o
o
p
e
r
a
t
o
r
s
s
a
l
m
o
n
c
h
i
n
o
o
k
f
i
v
e
The
ilrivate
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
l
e
v
e
l
at a'll stations until at least
r
e
l
e
a
s
e
s
p
r
o
j
e
c
t
e
d
develop
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
d
a
v
a
j
l
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
.
e
g
g
l 9 B 8 e v e nw i t h
P j n k s a l m o ne g g s m u s t b e i m p o r t e d . N o p ' i n k s a l m o np e r m i t s h a v eb e e n
i s s u e d s o a n 6 i f o r t t o d e v e l o ps t o c k s a t p r i v a t e f a c i l i t ' i e s h a s n o t b e g u n .
! ^ l o r kc o n d u c t e db y 0 r e g o nS t a t e U n i v e r s i t y i n d i c a t e s t h a t i n i t i a l r e l e a s e s
o f p i n k s a l m o nm u s t b e 1 a r g e , c o m p a r etdo c o h oa n d c h i n o o k , t o g e n e r a t e
ref,urns.
E v a ul a t i o n
,,3_.-'
P e r m ' i t t e ea
s r e c o n d u c t i n ge v a l u a t i o n so f t h e i r o w nh a t c h e r yo p e r a t i o n s ,
by 0D F l ^l '
. o o b .ru i i n g w j th QD F tlin- joint pr ojects, funding wor k cond.ucted
jnter
est
the
to
or
0DFl'
l
to
of
for
p
ro
v'i
d
i
n
g
wor
k
fu
n
d
s
to other s
an d
o p e r a t o r st h e m s e l v e s .
C h u mS a l m o n : E v a l u a t i o na n d d e v e l o p m e notf c h u ms a l n r o no P e r a t i o n sb e g a na s
a coopeffiTlveeffort of OSUand the state to examinethe requirements
n e c e s s a r yf o r d e v e l o p i n gs e e d s t o c k s , i m p r o v eh u s b a n d r y - p r a c t j c e sa ,n d
e x a m i n ei e t u r n d a t a . ' O S Uh a s m a i n t a i n e dr e t u r n s a t a h i g h e r l e v e l t h a n
co u l d h a ve b e e n e xp e c tedfr om natur al spawningin I' JhiskeyCr eek, thei r
e x p e r i m e n t asl t r e a m . O S Uh a s p r o v i d e di n f o r m a t i o na n d a d v i c e t o p r o s p e c t i v e
c h u mp e r m i t a p p l i c a n t s a n d a s s i s t e d n e wo p e r a t o r si n p l a n n i n ga n d t e s t i n g
faciiities.
pri va te o p e ra to rs h a ve cooper atedwith 0DFl,l
to deter minethe eff ec ti v enes s
e o t b e e nc o n s i s s
t
o
c
k. Eggs.havn
a
s
e
e
d
o f u s i n g t h u mi m p o r t s t o d e v e l o p
u
n
f e df r y r e l e a s e s ,
p
r
o
m
i
s
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
b
e
e
n
n
o
t
Resultshave
i.nilv iuiiiiUf..
pr om i s i ng'
r
eleas!
pr
ior
to
fed
ho w e vl r, th e fe w re tu r ns fr om chum
lPPear mor e
a
n
e
x
p
e
rimental
f
r
o
m
i
n
1
9
8
1
r
e
t
u
r
n
O i . g " r A q r i F o o d se x p e c t s t o h a v e a d u l t s
i
n
Bay
Coos
at
r
elease
for
eggs hatchedand fed
i.1
mp
9 76grt. o f R u ssi a nchgum
S e ve ra l si ze r ou|i wer e m ar kedto deter m inesur vival an d the bes t
s i z e a t w h i c h t o r e l e a s e t h e s e c h u ms a l m o n '
'l
annual r eleases tT able 2) ,
j
A g e n e ra l p o o r a va iI a bj I i ty of - ggg: has i.mted
a n d e x a m i n a t . i oonf o p t i o n s - a v a i t i u t e f o r d e t e r m i n i n gt h e . b e s t t e c h n o l o g y
fo r ra i si n g ch u m. R etur ns fr om chumsalmonnowat sea should p r ov i .de
pr ov i de
i n fo rma ti o n w h i ch w i l l impr oveour knowledgeof r ear ing r ethods and
n e e d e dse e d sto ck fo r expansionof the chumpr ogr am'
-6-
*f SalrmnReleasesSy Private $almonl'{atchery0peratcrs
T a b l e Z , A Sumnrary
i n Ore g o n .
Year
1972
19 7 3
1974
r 975
1976
1977
I S78
I 979
Coho
5pn'ing
Cirinpok
ali
[hi nook
[hum
::
37A 27r,
LJ U 'U'
W
5l,'l50
?7,000
!2.7
1Qt
u,
I r vG
1eE0
v
I4A-,CI32
161 tq,'1
z,079,934
42,*79
2,370,59CI
t3:/YU
s,907,974
5 ,8 .l1,7 4 .l i , 3 g 7 , l 3 l
14,817,346 l,u6s,7ls
lotal
3 5 ,2 17 ,2 9 9
*
J
t t aJ
, v
1
\ h
' J J
-
I
I
1I t vnv Jn o j e?r t K a
147,562
I
5aa,l ill
a ? a , 8I 1
3S
43S,1
- A^
?, $90,szCI
2,355
,9S9
Total
F A
A
T A
3l ' t3u
575,082
7,797,93*
2,447
I ?0-400
465,7
14
10 , 9 4 0, 19 9
s,*ilO
276,3V5
689,864
3,94 9,772
2"391,l$4
e,53 3,,}69
10,9'l0,939
l.lg , 3 7 l , 8 8 ' a
6,53e,?0s
I 5 , 3 3 i, 7 5 7
5 3 , / U br ) + 3
at
and expertmentation,conducted
CnhnSalmo*: l*lostof the evalr"rat'ion
spec'iesfnr whicir*e*d has
prTteffiffi;frei1*i rrir uu*n danJwith coi"ron'the
b e e nt h e mo sta va i l a b l e . co h * h*ve beenr eleasedas year ling!, andwjthin
t h e f i r s t ye a r a t " ze ro a g e " a fter acceler atedr ear tng tq sm olts' Evaiuai t o n **i i l *'.sn 6 u cte d tsi U o thr ear ing tec|:nique3.A fisttng of some
s t u d ' i e si s g i v e ni n T a b l e3 .
D e v e l o pmeonft a n e th o dto p redict contr ibution to the oceanfisher ies of
innn rljease* by ,prtvateopEratcrsis inrpcrtantto fisheries nanagemert.
Cnntributi*n rate forecasts are based*n"experienceand a csnsistent v'earing
we Co-noiyet h*ve the jnfsrmation necessary
p"*e.u*-for the iu** iirifu.
p
re
d
i
cti
o
n
spr ior tc ttr e se65on. Data- is.beingcollecte do
t o ; . . u r ate l y ma l ce
Using
thrcugh tag reeov*r"i*i-unCiuivival est'imates tc f*nm thts bas"is.
year
that
fish
in
earh
catch-escape$ent
the
marksanpfinq r*e ian determine,
return
catch
tit6 pri rut* np*tatoris faci I i ti es. . . !^Je
;;t;";;
-use t'he yeer ' ,
r atio
foliu*r
ing
the
for
r
ates
co
i
rtri
b
u
t'
ion
,Thjs
i n i n r *u i lo n i s'i n *r
nr
released
added
are
stocks
;; ii;h-.iughi to thos* retr.rrningihangesas n*br
jm pr *ve
a n * r e a r i n g .si u *i i i * i *a n E e 6in- the piivate oper ator ' s ef,fer ts.to incr ea s ed
oper ator shave
in- the'
last two y€a?"s
s u r v ' i v alo f smo ti s*t0;;;i i ;"
:in their
pr
*gfam
..This changeshnu l d
cnho
t h e p r o po rti o no i ye a ri i n g smo' lts
r
etunn
to ttr e r eleas e
and
fisher
y
the
; ; ; *- ; ; ; ; *" i u " u i u i i {*o n i *i n ution io
' impr oves
and
base
exper
ience
our
As
s i t e ) a nd a i a rg e r.si ze o f a d uli coho"
n
o
ques w
s t * c k s s t a b i l i z e , - * * * i r i b e a b l e - t b r e f i n e t h e p r e d i c t i s nt e c h n i fisher
ies
ocean
eohsto
u s e d . T h e E ee sti n ra i e sh a veshowni contr "ibr *tisn- of
pr
'
ivate
of
coha
pr
edict
14S' 003
o f 6 3 , 0 00co h oi n ]9 7 9 15 3 'S 0 0ln ig$CI;and
i
n
]
E
g
l
'
c
a
u
g
h
t
b
e
w
i
l
i
h a t c h e r yo r i g t n
tim e in estuar i es
F r i v a t e op e ra t0 rsa re ccn tri b uting to studjes of r es' idence
has
by
r
esidence
iuveniles
Some
a n d i h e se a rchfo .-i i " u y;;g ;t uCittn.
quantify
the
ta
beennoLed,but there rtasnot beensuf,ficient_evi.dence
vations.
Ei i e c t s , n *t h a vea d ve rsee ffe cts beenidentifjed by the.*bser
any
aga'in
but
noted'
been
has
itr-Vi-g into strei*i-uUoo* the hatiheries
-7-
II
Table 3.
lre
E v a l u a t i o no f P r i v a t e S a l m o nH a t c h e r y0 p e r a t i o n sf o r C o h o .
M a r k i n gf i s h f o r :
a.
S t o c k i d e n t i f i c a t i o n i n t h e o c e a na n d o n r e t u r n
b.
D e t e r m i n i n gc o n t r i b u t i o n o f s t o c k s t o f i s h e r i e s
yractices
S u r v i v a l o f s t o c k s a n d h u s b a n d rp
c.
d.
0 v e r a l l h a t c h e r ye v a ' l u a t i o n .
2.
C o n t r a c t S t u d i e s ( f u n d i n gf r o m p r i v a t e o p e r a t o r s ) :
i n E s t u a r i e s ,O S U ,1 9 7 7 - 7 8
a.
S a l m o nR e s i d e n c e
1978-79
M
a
t
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
,
O
S
U
,
b.
.1980
o
f
c.
S o n a rC o u n t i n g F " i s hi n E s t u a r i e s , U o f l ' l '
d.
ScaleStudies,U of W, ]980
e.
T a g R e c o v e r yf r o m F i s h e r i e s ' 0 D F Wc, o n t i n u i n g
f.
C r e e l C e n s u s ,Y a q u i n aE s t u a r y , O D F l ^1l '9 7 7
g.
S c a l e S t u d i e s , O D F Wl 9, 8 0 - c o n t i n u i n g
h.
E s t u a r y R e s i d e n c e0, D F l ' l ln9 B 0 - c. lo9n8t0i n- cu oi nngt i n u i n g
i.
S p a w n i nG
g r o u n dS u r v e y s ,0 D F i l l ,
l,'lithi n-companystudj es:
a.
Size andtime of release
b.
Fish survival
c.
Maturato
i n
d.
F e e d i n ga n d f e e d d e v e l o P m e n t
P h o t op e r i o d
e.
f.
Q u a fi t y c o n t r o l
g.
Smoltjfication
W a t e rq u a l i t y ( f r e s h a n d s a l t w a t e r )
h.
gr owth acceler ation
i.
l ,Ja rn p va ter
j.
I n c u b a t i o nt e c h n o l o g Y
k.
S u p pe'lme ntaloxygenation.
4.
C o o p e r a t i v es t u d i e s w i t h 0 D F W
. |:9 7 9 - c o n t ' i n u i n g
0 u t c r o s s ' i n ge x p e r i m e n t s ,
a.
b.
S t o c k d e v e l o p m e n t1, 9 7 7 ' c o n t i n u i n g
S u r v i v a l o f s t o c k s , 1 9 7 4 - c.o| 9n 7t i5n-uci on ng t i n u i n g
c.
d.
C o n t r i b u t i o nt o f i s h e r i e. ls9,7 5 - c o n t i n u i n g
Stockdifferentiat'ion,
e.
Fish size at capture,continuing.
f.
I
)
3-
e f f e c t s h a v e n o t b e e nq u a n t i f i e d . I n c l u s i o n o f l o c a l s t o c k s i n t h e g e n e
o o o l u s e da t a p a r t i c u l a r h a t c h e r ya n d r e i e a s eo f s u b s e q u e ngte n e r a t i o n s
s h o u l d i m p r o v el h e h o m i n gi n s t i n c t s o f c o h ot o e a c hp r i v a t e r e l e a s e s i t e .
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C r e e l c e n s u sw a s c o n d u c t e ds e v e r a l y e a r s a g o t o d e t e r m i n et h e c o n t r i b u t i o n
o f f i s h , r e ' l e a s e da s j u v e n i l e s f r o r r p r i v a t e f a c i l i t i e s , t o t h e Y a q u i n aB a y
s p o r t f i s h e r y u p o nr e i u r n a s a d u l t s . C o m p a r a t i v e lfye w f i s h h a d b e e n
r e l e a s e du p i o t n a t t i m e . A l t h o u g hv a l u a b l e i n f o r m a t ' i o nw a s o b t a i n e d ,t h e
e f f o r t w a s d j s c o n t j n u e du n t i i l a r g e r r e l e a s e sp r o v i d e da b e t t e r b a s i s f o r
e v a lu a t i o n .
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t e c h n o l o g y ,e t c . , t o e v a l u a t ! v a r i o u s p h a s e so f t h e i r o w no p e r a t i o n s . S o m e
o f t h e . i n f o r m a t j o nf r o m t h' ies s e ' l f - e v a l u a t i o n sm a ya l s o . b e o f v a l u e t o s t a t e
o p u i u i i o n r . O n * - p . o g . a m t o d e v e l o pa n d _ e v 3 1 u atthee m e t h o d o l o gayn d
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c h i n o o kn a t i v e t o s e l e c t e d s t r e i m s . t n t h i s p r o g r a m ' . e 9 9 s
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o p e r a t o r sh a v e
h a v e b e e na v a i l a b l e f r o m g r e g o n - c o i i i i t h a t c h e r i e s . P r i v a t e
i t o o b t a i n m u c ht h e s a m e ' i n f o r m a t i oans
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t o r y w i t h . $ t y op a t h o ' l o g ' i s t a
c a n c o n d u c ts o m ed j s e a s e
e x a m i n a t j o n . j ft h e o p e r a t o r p a y s a l l e x p e n s e sh; o w e v e r ,w e g e n e r a l l y d o n o t
h a v e t i m e t o d o t h i s k i n d o f w o r k . T h r o u g ht h e u s e o f i m o o r t , f i s h o r e g g
t r a n s f e r , a n d r e l e a s e p e r m i t s , 0 D F Wt s a b l e t o m o n i t o r a n d c o n t r o l c o m p l i a n c e b y p rl i v,a tesa l mo nh a tcher y oper ator s with disease r equir em ents .
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p e r i o d , t h e y t o o m u s t b e i s o l a t e d . N o r m a l l y " i t i s n o t n e c e s s a r yt o q u a r a n nerenot
t i n e s m a l l f i s h b u t t h i s w o u l d b e r e q u j r e d i f d ' i s e a s ee x a m ' i n a t i ow
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Tab'le 4.
E g g s T a k e n f r o r n l . l i ' ld F a l ' l C h i n o o k f o r S t o c k A s s e s s m e n ta n d B r o o d . S t o c k D e v e l o p n e n t P r o g r a m i n
'l
C o o p e r a t io n w i t h P r i v a t e 0 p e r a t o r s , 9 7 7 - 8 0 .
Brood
Year
C o o p e r a t in q C o m p a n y
Tota l
6 2 , 0 4 0( ' r 8 , 8 1 0y)
1977
6 2 , 0 4 0( ' t 8 , 8 ' ) 0 )
Y a q u i n aR i v e r
,fg
1978
'185,402
(25,476)
C o o sR i v e r
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(26,343)
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Tota l
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1 8 5 , 4 0 2( 2 5 , 1 i 6 )
J r _ r u/,b J ( / u , t ) J i
'l50,oo0(?4,295)
LobsterCreek
2 8 8 , 0 0 C( 2 6 , 3 4 3 )
S i u sl a w R ' vi e r
''188,0c0
(21,739)
S i u s l a wR i v e r
3 0 , o o 0( 2 5 , 0 0 0 )
LobsterCreek
8 0 , o o c( 2 5 , 0 0 0 )
Sius'a
l w R iv e r
1 8 3 , 0 0 (04 9 , 2 9 6 ) 5 5 6 , 0 0 0( 7 6 , 0 8 2 )
S m o l t s r e t u r n e d t o 0 D F t rfro r r e l e a s e i n s t r e a m o f o r i g i n
'l
O u e b a c k t o 0 D F xa s s m o ' l t s i n t h e f a ]
o f I 9 8 ' l.
6 4 3 , 1 2 7( 7 8 , 1 6 2 )
3 3 8 , 0 0 C( 4 9 , 0 3 5 )
' 1 7 9 , 0 0 0( 7 5 , 0 0 0 )
1, ? . 2 ,21 6 7( ? ? ' l, 0 0 7)
to rep)ace eggs taken.
PRIVATE
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D e v e l o p m e no tf t h e p r i v a t e s a l m o nh a t c h e r yc o n c e p tb e g a ni n
c h u ms a l m o ne x p e r i m e n t a t i o n . T h e o r i g ' i n a l l e g i s l a t i o n i n l 9 7 l a u t h o r i z i n g
a p r i v a t e s a l m o nh a t c h e r y i n d u s t r y w a s e n v i s ' i o n e db y s o m et o b e p r i m a r i l y a
b a c k y a rde n d e a vo rw i th th e local landownerhatch' inga few chumsalmonto
s u p p l e m e nht i s i n c o m.el 9. 7O3t ,h e r s s a w t h e c h u ms a l m o nh a t c h e r ya s a p o t e n t i a l l y
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d u r i n g t h e i i r s t 2 y e a r s ( . l 9 7 3 - 7 5 )b u t d i d n o t c o n t i n u e t h i s l i m i t a t i o n .
T h e f i r s t p e r m i t s r , r e r e ' i s s u e tdo O r e g o nA q u a ' F o o d sa, p o n d r e a r i n g o p e r a t o r
a l r e a d y h e l d a c h u ms a l m o np e r m i t ) ; a n d t o A n a d r o m o u sI n' c .
a t N e r v p o r(tr . r h o
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s u p p o r t e db y a n i n l a n d r e a r i n g s ' i t e n e a r S p r i n g f i e l d . A n a d r o m o w
u sa s
a u t h o r i z e dt o d e v e l o pa r e l e a s e s i t e a t C o o sB a y a n d u s e d t h e D e e r I s ' l a n d
s i t e a s a s u p p o r tf a c i l ' i t y w i t h o u t r e J e a s i n gf i s h t h e r e . B o t h c o m p a n i e s
h a v ea t t e m p t e dt. o
l 9 7d 4e -v7e5l o. pb r o o d s t o c k s s i n c e t h e i r i n i t i a l r e ] e a s e so f c o h o
a n d c h i n o o ki n
D o m s eFaa r m sw a s i s s u e d t h e f o u r t h p e r m i t f o r e a c h c o h oa n d c h i n o o k ,w i t h a
c h u mp e r m i t , a t a s i t e o n t h e l o w e r S i u s l a wB a y . B u r n t H i l l S a l m o nR a n c h ,L t d .
o b t a i n e da c h i n o o kp e r m ' i tf o r a s i t e o n B u r n t H j l l C r e e k , s o u t h o f t h e
R o g u eR i v e r . B u r n t H i l l C r e e ki s a d i r e c t o c e a nt r i b u t a r y .
T h i r t e e n p r i v a t e h a t c h e r ys i t e s h a v e b e e na u t h o r i z e df r o m t h e C o l u m b i a
R i v e r e s t u a r y t o B u r n t H j l l C r e e k ( F i g u r e I a n d T a b l e 5 ) . P e r m i t si s s u e d
i n c l u d e l l c h u ms a l m o n ,5 c h i n o o k , a n d 4 c o h ow i t h 2 o f t h e c h u mp e r m i t s i n
a c o m m osni t e . T w oa d d i t i o n a l a u t h o r i z e dp e r m i t s , a t o n e s i t e o n T i l l a m o o k
B a y , f o r c o h oa n d c h i n o o ka r e b e i n g h e l d u p p e n d i n ga c t i o n b y t h e O r e g o n
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N o v e m b e1r9 7 5 , f o r a s ' i t e o n t h e o u t l e t o f T a y l o r L a k e , S k i p a n o nR i v e r , i n
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from the
L u m mai n d Q u i n a u l t I n d i a n s , i n l , l a s h i n g t osnt a t e , t o i n i t i a t e h i s o p e r a t i o n .
N o e g g s h a v eb e e na v a i l a b l e .
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A r n o l d M a n s e t ha n d J o n J a q u a : A c h u mp e r m i t w a s i s s u e d t o A r n o l d M a n s e t h
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t o a n e ws i t e o n V o s b e r gC r e e k , N e h a l e m
B a y . A f t e r r e v i e wb y s t a f f , a n d
t e s t i m o n ya t a p u b i i c h e a r i n g , F H Ca u t h o r i z e dt h e t r a n s f e r . T h e s i t e o n
T i l l a m o o kB a yw a s t e r m i n a t e da s a c o n d i t i o n o f t h e n e ws i t e a u t h o r i z a t i o n .
N o e g g sw e r e a v a i l a b l e t o M a n s e t ha n d J a q u au n t i l t h e f a l l o f 1 9 8 0 . R e l e a s e s
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w e s t s i d e o f r i l l a m o o k B a y , T i l l a m o o kc o u n t y . T h e w a t e r s u p p l yi n D i c k
p p e a rt o b e g o o da t t h e t i m e o f e v a l u a t i o na n d i ' l i m i t o t
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t e s t t h e w a t e r l u P p l y . T h e s ee g g s h a t c h e dc o m p a r a t i v e l yw e l l a n d a t o t a l
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w e r e e x p e c t e di n . | 9 7 5b u t n o n ew e r e r e a l i z e d - . M r . H a r r i s , p a r t n i r h a s
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nowbe) ongs
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S a n dL a k e
Se t a C o r p o ra tj o n : A ch u mp e rm it was issued to Keta Cor por ationin Decem ber
ffityiocatedonSandCreekanditstribuiary,Jewe1Creek,
a t t h e n o r t h e n d o f S a n dL a k e , a s m a ' | 1e s t u a r y i n T i l ' l a m o o kC o u n t y . T h i s
w a s t h e f i r s t p r i v a t e c h u mo p e r a t i o ne s t a b l i s h e du n d e rt h e 1 9 7 1l e g i s l a t i o n . T h e f a c i l i t y i n c l u d e s a w a t e r d i v e r s i o n f r o m J e w e lC r e e k ; s e t t ' l i n g /
s t o r a g ep o n d ; i n c u b a t o r s ;d i s c h a r g ed i t c h ; a n d t w o a d u l t c a p t u r e r a c k s a n d
t r a p s , o n e i n Je w e l C re e k a n d one aboveJewel Cr eek in SandCr eek.
K e t a w a s a u t h o r i z e dt o o b t a i n s e e ds t o c k i n t h e i n i t i a l t h r e e y e a r s o f
o p e r a t i o nf r o m t h e w i l d c h u mr u n a f t e r a l l o w i n g a m i n j m u m
n u m b e or f a d u l t s
u p s t r e a mto sp a w n . K e ta p e rsonnelr ecor dedhowmanychumand other spe c i es
w e r e p u t a b o v et h e r a c k , d a t e s , e t c . , t o p r o v i d e i n f o r m a t i o no n t h e s i z e o f
n a t u r a ' l ' r u n si n t o t h e s t r e a ma n d g i v e a b a s i s f o r d e t e r m i n i n gh o wm a n yc h u m
s h o u l db e r e l e a s e da b o v et h e r a c k s f o r n a t u r a l s p a w n i n gi n s u c c e e d i n g
y e a r s . T h e n u rn b e rs
o f ch u mfry r eleased by Keta ( faUte 0) inc]ude offsp r i ng
f r o r , rw i l d s t o c k , I ^ l h i s k eC
y r e e k ,0 D F W ' C
s o a l C r e e kt r a p , a n d r e t u r n s t o K e t a
f r o m t h e i r o w nr e l e a s e s . K e t a ' s p r i o r i t y r i g h t t o s u r p l u s l . l h i s k e yC r e e k
.l979.
e g g se x p i r e d i n
.l 973
A l f r e d H a m p s o n : i n Octo b e r
was issued a chumper mi t
Alfr ed Ham pson
w n ' cr h a u t h o r l z e d : ( l ) a c o m b i n e d
o p e r a t i o nw i t h K e t a o n S a n dC r e e k t ( 2 )
s e p a r a t e p u r c h a s eo f h i s a l l o c a t e d e g g s ; a n d ( 3 ) ' i d e n t i c a l r e s t r i c t i o n s a s
h a d b e e n i m p o s e do n K e t a . M r . H a m p s orne c e i v e dc h u mB 9 g s , s u r p l u s t o O S U ' s
.l980.
n e e d s a t l r t h i s k e yC r e e k , i n t h e f a l l o f
-rl-_--_;-]-_
Y a q u i n aB a y
O r e g o nA q u aF o o d s : A c h u ms a l m o np e r m i t w a s i s s u e d t o O r e g o nA q u aF o o d s ,
I n c . , i n N o v e m b e1r9 7. |?9, 7
a4
n .d p e r m i t s f o r c o h o a n d c h i n o o ks a l m o nr e l e a s e s
w e r e i s s u e di n M a r c h
T h e c o m p a noyr i g i n a l l y o p e r a t e da h a t c h e r yo n
l , J r i g h tC r e e k ,t r i b u t a r y o f Y a q u i n aB a y , a n d a s a l t w a t e r f a c i l i t y l o c a t e d
i u s t a b o v et h e H i g h w a y1 0 1 b r i d g e o n Y a q u i n aB a y . T h e y b e g a nw i t h a n
i n t e g r a t e do p e r a t i o n t o r e l e a s e s a l m o nf o r o c e a nr a n c h j n g ,a n d r e a r s a l m o n
a n d t r o u t i n p'oi oncdasft oe rd p r o c e s s i n ga n d s a l e a s p a n s i z ef i s h o r s a l e f r o r na
c a t c h o u tp o n d
a t t h e i r s a l t w a t e r r e l e a s es i t e .
' l975.
H e y e r h a eu seCro mp a npyu rch a sedOr egonAquaFoodsin
The com pany's
p r o g r a mc h a n g e dt o o n l y o c e a nr a n c h i n gu n d e r d i r e c t i o n o f t h e n e wo w n e r s .
T h e n u m b e ros f b o t h c o h o a n d c h i n o o kr a i s e d f o r r e l e a s e h a v e i n c r e a s e dw i t h
t h i s c h a n g ei n p o l i c y ( T a b l e 6 ) . T h e s a l t w a t e r r e l e a s e s i t e h a s b e e n
r e b u i l t t o f a c i i i t a t e r e a r i n g s a l m o na n d t h e c a t c h o u tp o n de l i m i n a t e d .
O r e. |g9o7nA7 q. u aF o o d sb u i l t a l a r g e s u p p o r tf a c i l i t y n e a r S p r i n g f i e l d , O r e g o n
in
O p e r a t i o no f t h i s f a c i l i t y i s a u t h o r i z e db y a l , l i l d l i f e P r o p a g a t i o n
L i c e n s e . N o r e l e a s e sa r e a l l o w e da t t h e s i t e . A l l f j s h m u s t b e t r a n s p o r t e d
t o t h e c o m p a n y 'cso a s t a l s i t e s f o r r e l e a s e . A s t h ' i s i n l a n d f a c i l i t y h a s
b e e nd e v e l o p e d , 0 r e g o A
n q u ah a s b e g u na c J o s eo u t o f t h e l , J r i g h tC r e e k
operation. 0DFW
r e q u i r e s s t r e a ms t o c k i n g o f c o h oa n d r e l e a s e o f a l l c h u m
f o r t h e t h r e e - y e a rc l o s e o u t p e r i o d .
0 r e g o nA q u aF o o d sh a s co n ti n u ed its effor t to bui) d up br ood stock for s us t a i n e d o p e r a t i o n s . T h e c o m p a nw
y i l l a p p r o a c hf u l l p r o d u c t i o no f c o h o
( p e r m i t l i m i t ) w i t h a c o m b i n a t i o no f y e a r l i n g a n d z e r o a g e . t 9 8 0b r o o d f i s h .
T h e y h ave b e g u na n a g g re ssivegr ading pr ogr amto im pr ovethe quality o f
c o h or e l e a s e d . T h i s p r a c t i c e , w i t h o t h e r c o n t i n u i n gh u s b a n d r yi m p r o v e m e n t s ,s h o u l d b e g i n t o s h o wr e s u i t s i n 1 9 B l w i t h i m p r o v e da d u i t c o n t r i b u t i o n
t o o c e a nf i s h e r i e s a n d r e t u r n s t o t h e r e l e a s e s i t e .
D e v e l o p me notf b ro o d sto ck for chumand chinook salmonhas not pr ogr e s s ed
as well as for coho. 0DFW
d o e s n o t a l l o w i m p o r t s o f c h i n o o kt o c o a s t a l
s t r e a m sa n d : l a r g e n u m b e r so f c h u me g g s h a v en o t b e e na v a i l a b ] e f o r i m p o r t
a n d r e l e a s ea t Y a q u i n a . T h e c h i n o o kp r o g r a mi s r e a l l y j u s t b e g i n n ' i n gu s i n g
m a i n l y e g g s fro m Ore A q u a 's ownr etur ns of sur plus seed fr om State hatc her y
n e e d si n t h e p a s t .
S i u s l a wR i v e r
i s s u e dt o K a r l J . l ' l a n s e t h
A c h u mp e r m i t w a s' located
on SweetCr eek ,
1 1972, for a site.
L a n eC o u n t y . T h e y t e s t e d t h e w a t e r s u p p l y a t t h i s f a c i l i t y w i t h a s m a l i
n u m b eor f 1 9 7 2b r o o d c h u mp r o v i d e db y O S U . S i u s l a wF i s h e r i e s p u r c h a s e d
I m i l l i o n W h i s k e yC r e e kc h u me g g s i n 1 9 7 4 ,b u t a d d i t i o n a l e g g sw e r e n o t
.l979
a v a i l a b l e f r o n O S Us u r p l u s a t l ^ J h i s k eCyr e e kp r i o r t o
w h e nt h e c o m p a n y ' s
6 - y e a r p r i o r i t y r i g h t t o e g g se x p i r e d . I m p o r t e dQ u i l c e n ec h u mh a v e b e e n
r e l e a s e db y S i u s l a w F i s h e r i e s u n d e r a g r e e m e nwt i t h O D F W .T h e c o r n p a ni ys
n o wa t t e m p t i n gt o b u i l d u p a b r o o d s t o c k t h r o u g hr e t u r n s t o t h e i r o w n
f a c i ' l i t y . T o t a l c h u mr e l e a s e sa r e s h o w ni n T a b l e 6 .
S i u s l a wR i v e r F i s h e r i e s I n c . :
C e r a t o d u sF i s h e r i e l :
A c h u mp e r m i t w a s i s s u e d t o J o h nl l a r s h a l l , L e s t e r
L a n eC o u i r t y . S o m e5 0 0 , 0 0 0. l 9 7 4b r o o dQ u i l c e n ec h u me g g sw e r e i n c u b a t e da t
C e r a t o d u fF i s h e r i e s u n d e r a n a g r e e m e nwt i t h 0 D F l ,(lT a b l e6 ) . N o m o r ee g g s
h a v eb e e r fal v a i ] a b l e . N o a d u l t s r e t u r n e df r o m t h e s i n g l e r e ' l e a s ei n 1 9 7 5 .
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rms I n c . :
I n 1 9 7 7 , F I ^ I aCu t h o r j z e di s s u e o f p e r m i t s t o D o m s e a
. f o r c o h o , c h j n o o k ,a n d c h u ms a l m o na t a r e ' l e a s es i t e o n t h e
s t u a r y j u s t i n l a n d f r o m t h e j e t t y i n L a n eC o u n t y . T h e a u t h o r j z a i r e d t h e c o m p a ntyo c o m p l e t el e a s e sa n d m e e tz o n i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s
r m j t s c o u l d b e f i n a l i z e d . T h i s w a s a c c o m p l i s h e'di n M a yo f . 1 9 7 8
se s b e g a nth a t su mm er .
T h e c o m p b nhya s m a d es m a l l r e l e a s e so f c o h o a n d c h i n o o ki n a n e f f o r t t o
d e v e l o pa b r o o d s t o c k a n d t o t e s t t h e f e a s i b i l i t y o f o c e a nr a n c h i n ga t t h i s
s i t e. 1 (9T8a0b l e 6 ) . T h e y h a r v e s t e de n o u g hc o h oe g g s f r o m r e t u r n s i n t [ e f a l ]
of
f o r t h e i r j n n i e d i a t en e e d s ,b u t a r e s t i l l t r y i n g , t h r o u g ha c o o p e r a t i v e - p r o j e c t w i t h O D F Wt ,o s t a r t a c h i n o o kb r o o d s t o c k . T h e c o m p a nhya s
o b t a i n e dc h u r ns a l m o ne g g s t o b e r e l e a s e di n . l 9 8 . l .
D o m s em
a a i n t a i n sl j m i t e d r e a r i n g f a c i l i t i e s a t t h e r e l e a s e s i t e . T h e y h a v e
c o n t r a c t e dw i t h o u t s i d e c o m p a n i etso r e a r f i s h p r i o r t o s h i p n e n tt o t h e
s i t e f o r a c c l i m a t i o no r f i n a l r e a r i n g a n d r e l e a s e .
CoosBay
C a l v i n H e c k a r d : l 4 r . H e c k a r dw a s i s s u e d a c h u mp e r m i t i n 0 c t o b e r I 9 7 5 , f o r
; s T T e - i o ca te do n a tri b u ta ry of CatchingSlough"CoosBay, in CoosCo unty .
I t l r . H e cka rdp l a n n e dto o b ta in chumeggs ir om the !{ ashfngtonIndian tr ibes ;
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3
I
h o w e v e r,n o e g g sw e r e a v a i l a b l e . O S Uh a s p l a c e ds o m et e s t l o t s i n t h i s
f a c i I ' i t y t o te st th e w a te r suppiy, but no r eJeasesor r etur ns have been
r e p o r t e d.
I n c . : P e r m i t st o r a i s e c o h oa n d c h i n o o ks a l m o nw e r e i s s u e d t o
A n a d i o m o u sI n, c . i n 1 9 7 4f o r a s i t e o n t h e l o w e r C o ' l u m b iR
ai v e r n e a r
.l975,
St. Helens. in
t h e c o m p a nrye q u e s t e da d d i t i o n a l p e r m i t s f o r r e l e a s e
plannedto suppor t
o f t h e s e sp e ci e s a t C o o sB a y, CoosCounty. The company
b o t h o p e r a t i o n sf r o m e x p a n d e d
i n c u b a t i o nf a c i l i t i e s a t S t . H e 1 e n s . F U C
a u t h o r i z e dp e rn i ts fo r C o o sB ay but ter m inatedthe r elease per m its for
S t . H e l e n s . A n a d r o m o uf os l l o w e d a n " o r d e r l y t e r m i n a t i o n " p r o c e d u r ea t
S t . H e l e n sw h i c h a l l o w e d t h e mt o r e c a p t u r es a l m o nr e 1 e a s e dp r e v i o u s l y b u t
d i d n o t p e r m i t a d d i t i o n a l r e l e a s e s . F i s h ( . | 9 7 5b r o o d )w e r e f i r s t n r o v e tdo
C o o sB a y f o r r e l e a s e i n 1 9 7 6 . T h e S t . H e l e n si n c u b a t i o na n d r e a r i n g f a c i l i t y i s s t i l l i n o p e r a t i o n u n d e ra t ^ l i l d l i f e P r o p a g a t ' i oLni c e n s ew h i c h a l ' l o w s
c u s t o mr e a r i n g , s a i e , o r r e a r j n g o f f j s h f o r t h e i r C o o sB a y r e l e a s e s i t e .
T h e c o m p a nayl s o u s e s c o n t r a c t o p e r a t o r st o r e a r f i s h u n t i l t h e y c a n b e
m o v e dt o t h e C o o sB a y f a c i l i t y f o r a c c l i m a t i o na n d r e l e a s e . T o t a l r e l e a s e s
a r e s h o w ni n T a b l e 6 .
An a d r o mo uhsa s d e ve l o p e dth e i r ownbr ood stock of coho and is wor king o n
d e v e l o p m e notf f a l ' l a n d s p r i n g c h i n o o kb r o o ds t o c k s w h e nS t a t e s u r p ' l u s e s
occur.
)3
O r e g o nAq u aF o o d s: P e rmj ts wer e author ized in 1976 for W eyer haeuser
Com pany
t o r e l e a s e c o h o , c.|9
h i7n8o,o k , a n d c h u ms a l m o na t a s i t e l o c a t e d o n C o o sB a y ,
We ye rhaeuser
C o o sC o u n ty. In
Company
com binedthe Yaquinaand Coos
B a y o p e r a t ' i o n su n d e rm a n a g e m eonft 0 r e g o nA q u aF o o d s ,I n c . , t h e i r w h o 1 l y
o l n e d 0 r e g o ns u b s i d i a r y .
C h u ms a l m o nw e r e ' i m p o r t e di n 1 9 7 9f o r r e l e a s e a t C o o sB a y ( T a b l e6 ) . " N o n e
h a v e b e e nr e l e a s e ds i n c e a n d r e t u r n s a r e n o t d u e b a c k u n t i l t h e f a l l o f
l 9 8 l s o a c h u mb r o o d s t o c k h a s y e t t o b e d e v e l o p e d .
C o h oe.gl 9g 7s i7m p o r t e df r o m W a s h i n g t ol nt a t e h a v eb e e nr e l e a s e da t C o o sB a y
( T a b l e 6 ) . T h e c o m p a ncyo l l e c t e d e g g s f r o m r e t u r n i n g a d u l t s i n
s. 1i n9c8e0
s
h
o u l d b e a b l e t o s u p p ' l yt h e i r o w nn e e d sf o r c o h o e g g s i n t h e f a l ' l
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of
.
T h e c o m p a nhya s p u r c h a s e ds u r p i u s s p r i n g c h i n o o ke g g s f r o m 0 D F W .D u r i n g
w i t h 0 D F I i, nJ a n a t t e m p t t o c o l l e c t a
t h e f a l l o f 1 9 8 0 ,t h e y c o o p e r a t e d
l o c a l s t o c k o f f a l l c h i n o o kf o r a D e p a r t n e nst t o c k a s s e s s m e nptr o j e c t , a n d
financed captur e
s o m ee g g s fo r th e co mp a n y. 0 DFlla' lso used the com pany
s i t e , o n T i o g a C r e e k , i n a n a t t e m p t t o c o l l e c t c o h oe g g sf o r t h e l o c a l
S a l m o na n d S t e e l h e a dE n h a n c e m ePnrt o g r a m( S f f p ) . H i g h w a t e r c a u s e dd i s c o u r aging results for both efforts.
Burnt Hill Creek
B 1 1 n !H i l ' l S a l m o nR a n c hL t d . :
A c h j n o o ks a l m o nh a t c h e r yp e r m i t w a s a u t h o Sa' lmon
Ranch,Ltd. , in t g7A. The per m it f or
a s i t e l o c a t e d o n B u r n t H i l l C r e e k , C u r r y C o u n t y ,w a s f i n a l i z e d i n 1 9 7 9 .
F I , J aCu t h o ri ze d th i s p e rmi t u nder standingthat Lobster Cr eek ( RogueRive r
-17-
system), would be used by 0DFlrl
as an egg source for fal'l chinook seed
s t o c k . T h i s s t r e a mh a s n o t b e e na r e l i i U t e s o u r c e f o r c h i n o o ke g g sd u e t o
v a r i a b l e r u n s i z e s . I n l g 8 l a l l s m o l t s , r e a r e d f r o m e g g st a k e nf i o m t h e
s t r e a r ni n 1 9 8 0 , w i l J b e re tur ned to Lobster Cr eek to meet 0DFW
r equirem ents
f o r . r e p l a c l n g p o t e n t i a l n a t u r a ' lp r o d u c t i o no f e g g s c o l l e c t e d w i t h s m o l t s
( p r ' t o r i t y r e q u i r e m e not f e g g c o l ' l e c t i o n ) .
Burnt Hill has purchased
s p r i n g c h i n o o ke g g s s u r p l u s t o O D F l . l 'nse e d s . F i s h
r e a r e d fro m th e se e g g s a re being r eleased- bygur ir t Hill in an effor t t o
p r o v i d e a c a s h c r o p d u r i n g t h e i o m p a n y ' sa t t e m p t t o d e v e l o pa f a ' l l c h i n o o k
b r o o d s t o c k . T h e c o m p a niys c o n s i d e r i n gm e t h o d so f h o l d i n g t h e s e f i s h f o r
e g g c o 'lI e cti o n .
C h i n o o kw e r e f i r s t r e l e a s e db y B u r n t H i l ' l i n . 1 9 8 0( f a U t e 6 ) s o r e t u r n s a r e
n o t e x p e c t e du n t i l l 9 8 2 - 8 3 .
I n t h e f a l l o f 1 9 8 0 ,B u r n t H i l ' l o f f e r e d t o a s s i s t 0 D F W
i n e s t a b l i s h i n ga
l o c a l c o h o s t o c k f o r t h e S T t Pp r o g r a mo n t h e C o q u ' i l l eR i v e r . T h e c o m p a n y
p r o v i d e dh o l d i n g p o n d sf o r a d u ' l t i o h o a n d p e r s o n n e lt o h e l p s p a w nt h e ' f i l h .
E g g sw e r e i n c u b a t e d , ' i n f a c i l i t i e s l e a s e d f r o m O D F lb^yl t h e c o m p a n yu, n t i l
r e a d y t o m o v et o l o c a l c i t i z e n ' s i n c u b a t o r sf o r h a t c h i n g . T h i s w a s a
c o o p e r a t i v ep r o j e c t w i t h O D F l ^l to, c a l c i t i z e n s , a n d t h e c o m p a n y .B u r n t H i l l
w i l l n o t r e c e i v e a n y c o m p e n s a t i o nf i,s h , o r e g g s f o r t h i s e f f o r t . C o m p a n y
p e r s o n n e tl e l l u s i t i s s a t i s f y i n g t o b e a p a r t o f t h e c o m m u n i twy o r k i n g
with other citizens.
D IS C U SI O
SN
B u r n t H i ' l l , A n a d r o m o ua
s ,n d 0 r e g o nA q u aF o o d sh a v e r e ' l e a s e ds p r i n g c h i n o o k
s u r p l u s t o t h e s t a t e h a t c h e r yn e e d s . T h e e f f o r t t o h o l d a d u l t s t o m a t u r i t y
i s c o n t i n u i n go n a n e x p e r i m e n t abl a s i s w i t h m o s t o f t h e a d u i t s s l a t e d f o r
s a l e a s a c a s h c r o p w h i ' l e t h e y a r e d e v e l o p i n ga f a l l c h i n o o kb r o o ds t o c k .
T h e f o u r c o h o p e r m ' i t t e e sa r e e x p e c t e dt o b e a b l e t o c o l l e c t e n o u g he g g s
f r o m r e t u r n i n g a d u l t s i n t h e f a l l o f 1 9 8 1t o p r o v i d e t h e i r o w ns e e d . A s
c o h o n o wa t s e a m a t u r ea n d r e t u r n , w e w i l J b e b e t t e r a b l e t o e v a l u a t et h e
stockswhichprovidethe best returns to the fisheries and to the operators.
} . l ew i l l t h e n b e a b l e t o w o r k w i t h e a c ho p e r a t o r t o f u r t h e r d e v e j o pt h e b e s t
b r o o d s t o c k . T h e o r e t i c a l l y t h ' i s w o u l db e t h e n e a r e s t a v a i l a b ' l eO r e g o n
s t o c k . H o w e v e rd, e p e n d ' i nogn t h e l o c a t i o n o f a r e l e a s e s i t e , u s e o f o t h e r
s t o c k s m i g h t c o n t r i b u t e b e t t e r t h a n a s i n g l e O r e g o ns t o c k . D e f i n i t i o n s o f
t h e b e s t s t o c k o r c o m b i n a t i o ni s a i o n g - t e r me f f o r t , r e q u i r i n g c o n t i n u e d
e v a l u a t i o no f s u r v i v a l , c o n t r i b u t i o n , a n d i n t e r a c t i o n w i t h o t h e r s t o c k s .
A s l o w be g i n n i n gi n th e e ffo rt to developchumsa' lmonseed stocks nny hav e
b e e n d u e to th e sma l l n u mb er sof chumr eleased and lack of feeding pr i or to
r e l e a s e . R e l e a se sw e re i n creasedby OSUat the W hiskeyCr eek fac' i' lity . In
a d d i t i o n , O r e g o nA q u aF o o d s ' i m p o r t esdo m el 0 m i l l i o n c h u me g g sw h i c h. 1p 9r o7v9i.d e d
a b o u t 9 m i l l i o n c h u ms a l m o nf o r r e ' l e a s ei n Y a q u i n aa n d C o o sb a y s i n
O r e g o nA q u ae x p e c t st o r e l e a s e o v e r 4 m i l l i o n c h u ms a l m o na t Y a q u i n ai n
l 9 B l w h i l e s m a l l e r o p e r a t o r sa n d O S Uw i l l r e l e a s e a t o t a ' l o f n e a r l y 3 m i l l i o n
c h u ma t W h i s k e yC r e e k , S i u s l a wB a y , S a n dC r e e k , a n d V o s b e r gC r e e k . T h i s
c o m b i n e de ffo rt su g g e ststh a t the chumpr ogr amis beginning to get star ted;
h o w e v er,o n l y re tu rn o f a d u lts to the var ious faci' lities will pr ove th i s
theory.
-r 8-
F
)
I n v e s t m e n t si n d e v e l o p m e notf f a c i l i t i e s , e g g a c q u i s i t i o n , a n d d e v e l o p m e n t
o i *i n o a o l o g y fo r ch u msa l n on has been pur iued by 0SU, Keta, other smai 'l
has been a cooper atorwith OSUand
o p e r a t o r s, a n i Ore g o nA q u aF oods. ODFI,J
p i i v a t e o p e r a t o r s , - w i t h o u it n v e s t i n g D e p a r t m e nftu n d s . O S Uf u n d i n g f o r
has not budg eted
i l n i r f . y C re e k'i s b e i n g re d u cedor near ing an end and ODFl,l
f o r t i - t i n g o ve r th e p i o g ra r4 . Industr y will have to fund this exper imentation, if it is to cont'inue.
l J e h a v e fo u n d th a t fi sh ra 'i sed fr om coho eggs im por tedfr om W ashingto ns i a t e g e n e ra l l y re tu rn a s a d ults to the r eiease site fr om the nor th whi l e
6 r e g o nc o h o te n d to re tu rn from the south. This infor r nationhas been us ed
i o - i . . o * e n d t h e s i t e s f r o m w h i c h t h e r e s p e c t i v e s t o c k s s h o u l db e r e l e a s e d
s o t h a t t h e y w o u ' l db e m o r ea v a i l a b l e t o 0 r e g o n i a n sa s t h e a d u l t s r e t u r n W ef r j v e to u n a so mestra y'i n g of adults to upitr eam ar eas. If this str ay i ng
maybe r educedand the use of
c o n t i n u esth e n e ce ssi ty-fo i s tocking by ODFl,l
g r e g o ns to cks ma yb e rl q u i re d. Onvioully the com pali":_r yll' lwor k to r educ e
y rlctices or facilities to improve
s t r i y i n g t h r o u g hc h a n g e si n h u s b a n d r p
their returns andprofit potentia'1.
l , { ea r e co n ti n u i n g to d e fi n e , thr ough r ecover y of m ar kedsalm onin the
o i . u n , t h e m i g r . a [ i o nr o u t e s a n d c o i t r i b u t i o n r a t e s o f c o h oa n d c h i n o o k . A s
a d d i t i o n a l s a i m o na r e m a r k e dw e a r e d e v e l o p i n gt h e b a s i s n e c e s s a r yt o
p r e d j c t e x p e c t e da v a i l a b i l i t y a n d c a t c h p r i o r t o o c e a nf i s h i n g s e a s o n s .
h r e t ter
u r nma s a d u l t s a t a g e s2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , o r
T h e v e r y n a t u r e o f s a l m o nw h i'clongin natur e. Hatcher yoper ations c an
e v e n 6 y e a rs ma kee va i u a ti o n
' e
U e m o d i f i e db a s e do n e v a l u a t i o n o f s m o ' l t sp r i o r t o r e l e a s e . H o w e v e rw
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d y l d g l t : c a u g h ta n d r e t u r n
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a r e , t o t h e p r i v a t e o p e r a t o r , a c o s t o f d o i n g b u s' 1i n9e8s0s . R e t u r n so f c o h o
a l t h o u g hs o m es m a ' l l
* " i . u d i s a p b o i n i i n gi u . " u g " h i g h o f 0 . 5 - 9 . 7 r yi n
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t o o b t a i n s u c c e s s f u l( y e t v a r i a b l e ) r e t u r n s '
T h e k e y to u l ti ma te su cce ssof the pr ivate salm onhatcher y industr y in
effor t by oper atof:.Ylo ar e willing
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i o - i n u " t l ' i a p i t a l n e c e s s a r yf o r e x p e r i n r e n t a t i oann d f a c i l i t i e s o p e r a t o rs re p o rt th a t fi n a n cing is becom ingm or edifficult for all oper ator s
a i t h e f l o w b f d o l l a r s d i m i n i s [ e s a n d c o s t s r i s e . T h u sw e f i n d t h e p r e s e n t
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nh i c h c o n t r i b u t e t o p u b l i c
P r i v a t e s a l m o no p e r a t o r sa r e r e l e a s i n g s a ' l n r ow
f i s h e r i es. T h e y a re d e ve l o pingtechnologywhich nay be- useful to the s tate
a n d a r e co mp l i me n ti n go th e r ex[er imental effor ts by assisting in fundi ng
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s o m eo f th e p i e ce s n e ce ssar yto impr ovingthe total state salmonproduc ti on
p ' i c tu re . It re ma i n sto be seenwhetheror not pr ivate salm onhatcher i es
v l i l l b e su cce ssfu l a s a n investnnnt or as a contr ibutor to the salm on
p r o g ra mo f th e sta te a s a whole.
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