May 2014
U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births and Abortions, 2010:
National and State Trends by Age, Race and Ethnicity
Kathryn Kost and Stanley Henshaw
Table of Contents
Introduction
Key Findings
Discussion
Acknowledgments
References
National-Level Tables
1.1 Rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion, and abortion ratios, among women aged
15–19, by race or ethnicity, according to year, 1986–2010
2.1 Among women aged 15–19, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion; numbers of
pregnancies, births, abortion and miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
2.2 Among women aged 15–17, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion; numbers of
pregnancies, births, abortion and miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
2.3 Among women aged 18–19, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion; numbers of
pregnancies, births, abortion and miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
2.4 Among women aged 14 or younger, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion; no. of
pregnancies, births, abortion and miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
2.5 Among women younger than 20, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion; numbers
of pregnancies, births, abortion and miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
2.6 Among women aged 20–24, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion; numbers of
pregnancies, births, abortion and miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
Map: Teen pregnancy rates, by state, 2010
2
2
5
7
7
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
State-Level Tables
3.1 State rankings by rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion among women aged
15–19; state rates by age-group; and state abortion ratios, 2010
3.2 Number of pregnancies, births, abortions and miscarriages among women
younger than 20 in each state, by age-group, 2010
3.3 State-specific rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion among women aged
15–19, by year
3.4 State-specific rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion among women aged
15–19, by race and ethnicity, 2010
3.5 Number of pregnancies, births, abortions and miscarriages among women
aged 15–19 in each state, by race and ethnicity, 2010
3.6 State-specific population estimates among women aged 15–19, by
age-group and by race and ethnicity, 2010
19
About the Tables
National-Level Methodology
State-Level Methodology
Interpreting the Data
Footnotes
References
Data sources
23
23
24
25
25
26
26
17
18
20
21
22
Introduction
This report contains the most recent and comprehensive statistics available—for 2010—on the
incidence of teenage pregnancy, birth and abortion for the United States as a whole and for
individual states. At the national level, we show trends since 1972. For states, we present trends
since 1988. The report concludes with a discussion of the methodology and sources used to
obtain the estimates. Our previously published statistics for national- and state-level estimates
through 2008 were published in two separate reports.1,2
Counts of pregnancies include births, abortions, miscarriage and stillbirths. The National Center
for Health Statistics (NCHS) provides annual counts of teen births in the United States, as
reported in the National Vital Statistics System (via birth certificates).3 The estimates we present
for 2010 are part of the Guttmacher Institute’s ongoing surveillance of teen pregnancy in the
United States. Our national- and state-level teen pregnancy report is generally updated every two
years and contains the only available estimates of teen pregnancy for all 50 states using counts of
abortions from the Guttmacher Institute’s periodic national census of abortion providers. This
census is widely recognized as the most accurate count of abortions performed annually in the
United States.4 Through a collaborative agreement with NCHS, we also provide abortion data for
the calculation of teen pregnancy rates at the national level for use in NCHS vital statistics
reports.
A demographic rate is defined as the number of events (in this case, pregnancies, births or
abortions) divided by the number of individuals who could experience the event—the
“population.” The pregnancy rate is composed of the rates of pregnancy outcomes (births,
abortions and miscarriages) and is not synonymous with the birthrate. Trends in rates of births,
abortions and pregnancies can move in different directions and may be affected by different
social and economic factors.
Unless otherwise indicated, in this report, the words “teenagers” and “teens” refer to women
aged 15–19. The report also includes numbers, and in some cases rates, shown separately for
women aged 14 and younger, 15–17-year-olds, 18–19-year-olds and all women younger than 20.
We also present statistics by race and ethnicity when the data are sufficient to provide these
estimates.
Key Findings
National levels and trends (Tables 1.1, 2.1-2.6)
• In 2010, roughly 625,000 women younger than 20 became pregnant. Some 614,000
pregnancies were among teenagers (women aged 15–19), and another 11,000 were among those
aged 14 and younger.
• The pregnancy rate among teenagers was 57.4 pregnancies per 1,000 women; this means that
about 6% of teens became pregnant in 2010.
2
• While 18–19-year-olds made up 41% of all 15–19-year-old women in 2010, they accounted for
69% of all teen pregnancies. The pregnancy rate among 18–19-year-olds was 96.2, while the rate
among 15–17-year-olds was 30.1.
• In 2010, the U.S. teenage pregnancy rate reached its lowest point in more than 30 years (57.4),
down 51% from its peak in 1990 (116.9). Between 2008 and 2010 alone, the rate dropped 15%,
from 67.8.
• The pregnancy rate among sexually experienced teenagers (those who had ever had
intercourse) was 126.6 pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15–19), reflecting the fact that the
overall teenage pregnancy rate includes a substantial proportion of young women who have
never had sex. The pregnancy rate among sexually experienced teenagers has fallen 43% since
1990, when it was 223.1.
• The teenage birthrate in 2010 was 34.4 births per 1,000 women. This was 44% lower than the
peak rate of 61.8, reached in 1991.
• The 2010 teenage abortion rate was 14.7 abortions per 1,000 women. This figure is the lowest
since abortion was legalized and 66% lower than its peak in 1988 (43.5).
• The long-term declines in teenage birth and abortion rates were interrupted by increases in
2006. By 2008, the declines had resumed, and they accelerated between 2008 and 2010.
• From 1986 to 2010, the proportion of teenage pregnancies ending in abortion (i.e., the abortion
ratio) declined by one-third, from 46% to 30%.
National levels by race and ethnicity (Table 1.1)
• Among non-Hispanic white teenagers, the pregnancy rate declined 56% between 1990 and
2010 (from 86.6 per 1,000 to 37.8).
• The pregnancy rate among black women aged 15–19 fell 56% between 1990 and 2010 (from
223.8 per 1,000 to 99.5), but remains more than twice the non-Hispanic white rate.
• Among Hispanic teenagers (of any race), the pregnancy rate fell 51% between its peak in 1992
and 2010 (from 169.7 per 1,000 to 83.5); this, too, is more than twice the rate for non-Hispanic
white teenagers. In just two years, from 2008 to 2010, the teen pregnancy rate for Hispanic teens
fell 23 rate points, from 106.6.
• Wide differences in birth and abortion rates also persist across racial and ethnic groups. The
birthrate in 2010 for non-Hispanic white teenagers (23.6) was about half the rate for black
teenagers (51.4) and less than half the rate for Hispanic teenagers (55.6). The abortion rate
among black teenagers (34.5) was more than three times the rate for non-Hispanic whites (8.5),
while the rate among Hispanic teenagers (15.3) was almost twice that rate.
3
State levels in 2010 (Tables 3.1–3.3, 3.6)*
• In 2010, New Mexico had the highest teenage pregnancy rate (80 pregnancies per 1,000
women); the next highest rates were in Mississippi (76), Texas (73), Arkansas (73), Louisiana
(69) and Oklahoma (69). The lowest rates were in New Hampshire (28), Vermont (32),
Minnesota (36), Massachusetts (37) and Maine (37).
• In 2010, teenage birthrate was highest in Mississippi (55 per 1,000 in 2010), and the next
highest rates were in New Mexico (53), Arkansas (53), Texas (52) and Oklahoma (50). The
lowest rates were in New Hampshire (16), Massachusetts (17), Vermont (18), Connecticut (19)
and New Jersey (20).
• Teenage abortion rates in 2010 were highest in New York (32 abortions per 1,000 women),
Delaware (28), New Jersey (24), Hawaii (23) and Maryland (22). The lowest rates were found in
South Dakota (4) Utah (4), Kansas (5), Nebraska (5), Kentucky (6) and North Dakota (6).
• More than half of teenage pregnancies (excluding miscarriages and stillbirths) ended in
abortion in three states: New York (58%), New Jersey (55%) and Connecticut (52%).
• In ascending order, the states with the lowest proportions of teenage pregnancies ending in
abortion (15% or less) were South Dakota, Kansas, Kentucky, Oklahoma, Utah, Arkansas,
Mississippi, Nebraska and Texas.
• In general, states with the largest numbers of teenagers also had the greatest numbers of
teenage pregnancies in 2010. California recorded the highest number of pregnancies among
women aged 15–19 (80,970), followed by Texas, New York, Florida and Illinois (25,350–66,760
each). The states with the smallest numbers of teenage pregnancies (fewer than 1,600 each)
were, in ascending order, Vermont, North Dakota, Wyoming, New Hampshire, South Dakota
and Maine.
State trends (Table 3.3)
• Between 1988 and 2000, and again between 2000 and 2005, teenage pregnancy rates declined
in every state. However, between 2005 and 2008, the rate decreased in 19 states, stayed the same
in 5 and increased in 26 states. Between 2008 and 2010, the teenage pregnancy rate declined in
all 50 states.
• Arizona experienced the largest decrease in the teen pregnancy rate between 2008 and 2010,
dropping from 82 to 60 pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15–19, a 27% decline. Rates in
Nevada, Delaware and Georgia also dropped substantially during that period—16, 14 and 14 rate
points, respectively. West Virginia experienced the smallest decrease in its pregnancy rate, at
only one rate point. Decreases for other states ranged from five to 13 rate points.
*
These observations exclude the District of Columbia, which is more comparable to a city than a state.
4
• In 2008–2010, birthrates among teenagers decreased most in Arizona (12 rate points) and
Nevada (10 rate points). Only one state, North Dakota, experienced an increase in teen birthrates
during this period (from 28 to 29 births per 1,000 women aged 15–19).
• Between 2008 and 2010, abortion rates among teens decreased by two rate points or more in 35
states, and the six states that experienced declines of 5–6 rate points or more were Arizona,
California, Connecticut, Illinois, New Jersey and New York. Abortion rates among teens
increased in only two states—West Virginia and Alaska—with an increase of one and two rate
points, respectively.
State levels by race and ethnicity (Tables 3.4–3.6)
• Many states did not have, or could not provide, data on the race or ethnicity of teenagers
obtaining abortions. In others, race or ethnicity of the woman was missing for 20% or more of
the abortions. Therefore, estimates of pregnancy rates among non-Hispanic white teenagers are
available for 28 states, rates among black teenagers are available for 32 states and rates among
Hispanic teenagers are available for 26 states.
• Among states with data available, pregnancy rates for non-Hispanic white teenagers were
highest in Southern states: West Virginia (64 pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15–19),
Arkansas (63), Kentucky (59), Oklahoma (59), Mississippi (56), Louisiana (51), South Carolina
(51), Tennessee (51) and Alabama (49). The lowest rates were found in Minnesota (24),
Wisconsin (26), New York (32), Vermont (32) and Colorado (33).
• Pregnancy rates among black teenagers were highest in New York, and next highest in
Delaware, Michigan, Iowa, Ohio, Wisconsin and Arkansas (101–114 per 1,000 women aged 15–
19). The lowest rate was in Maine, with the next lowest rates appearing in Vermont, Idaho,
Arizona, Oregon and Utah (38–63 per 1,000).
• Pregnancy rates among Hispanic teens were highest among states with data in Georgia (113
pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15–19), Alabama (107), New York (101), and North
Carolina (100). In contrast, pregnancy rates among Hispanic teenagers were low in Vermont and
West Virginia (29 and 48, respectively).
Discussion
This report documents the long-term decline in rates of pregnancies, births and abortions among
teenagers at both the national and state levels. Teen pregnancies have declined dramatically in
the United States since their peak in the early 1990s, as have the births and abortions that result.
In 2010, the teen pregnancy rate reached its lowest level in nearly 40 years,† with especially large
declines from 2008 to 2010.
There was a substantial drop in the teen pregnancy rate for both 15–17- and 18–19-year-olds
between 2008 and 2010, yet pregnancies among 18–19-year-olds made up the majority of all
teen pregnancies (69%). During this same time period, increasing proportions of women aged
†
And possibly ever; data reach back only to 1972.
5
18–19 reported having ever had sex,‡ yet fewer of them were getting pregnant. Changes in
contraceptive use are likely driving this trend. There is evidence that contraceptive practices are
improving among older teens: A recent study found that the proportion of 18–19-year-old
women reporting use of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods tripled between 2007 and
2009,5 and promotion and acceptance of these methods for teens and young adult women has
increased.6,7 Contraceptive use may also be associated with the large decline in the pregnancy
rate among sexually experienced teens.
This report demonstrates that, in fact, fewer teens are becoming pregnant than at any time since
tracking of this data began—reflecting our finding that both birthrates and abortion rates among
teens have steadily declined. We document that teen birthrates are continuing to decline and are
reaching historic lows, a pattern also documented in recently released statistics from NCHS.8
But, it is important to recognize that declines in the rate of teen births do not necessarily result in
lower pregnancy rates. In theory, if abortion rates increase, the pregnancy rate could remain
constant even while birthrates are falling. In other words, teens who become pregnant could be
increasingly likely to have an abortion, rather than a birth.
From 2008 to 2010, pregnancy rates dropped dramatically not only among teens but also among
young women aged 20–24: The pregnancy rate decreased by 15% among teenagers aged 15–19
and by 12% among 20–24-year-olds. In both 2009 and 2010, the birth and abortion rates among
teenagers and young adult women reached historic lows. Recent data on births from the National
Center for Health Statistics show continued declines in birthrates among teens and among
women in their twenties in 2011 and 2012, even while the birthrate has increased among women
aged 30–44.8 Abortion data are not yet available for these most recent years, so we are not yet
able to calculate teen pregnancy rates, but increases in abortion are not expected, particularly
given that the overall abortion rate among all U.S. women aged 15–44 in 2011 was the lowest in
40 years.9
Even with the recent reductions in rates of teenage pregnancies, births and abortions, the data
presented here indicate that there are still large and long-standing disparities in rates by race and
ethnicity. These disparities mirror those found among unintended pregnancy rates among all U.S.
women of reproductive age, which are several times higher among women of color than among
white women.10 Still, the gap in racial disparities has narrowed. Hispanic teens make up an
increasing proportion of all teens, so with the historically elevated pregnancy rates among this
group, we might have expected to see a trend toward higher, not lower, overall teen pregnancy
rates. Instead, the overall decline in pregnancy rates for all teens was largely driven by the
dramatic declines among Hispanics and blacks.
Teen pregnancy rates in all 50 states have steadily declined over the past 20 years, and the
dramatic decline from 2008 to 2010 in national rates of pregnancies, births and abortions reflects
a decline in each of the 50 states. Yet even with long-term and ongoing declines, substantial
disparities between states remain in these rates and in the patterns of pregnancy outcomes. A
number of factors likely contribute to differences between states, including differences in the
demographic characteristics of their populations, the availability of comprehensive sex
‡
In 2006–2008, 61% of women aged 18–19 reported having ever had sex, compared with 67% in 2008–2010
(tabulations from the 2006–2010 National Survey of Family Growth).
6
education, knowledge about and availability of contraceptive services, and cultural attitudes
toward sexual behavior and childbearing.
It is unlikely that state-level policies alone have led to the declines seen across all states. Indeed,
adolescent pregnancy rates have been declining in a number of Western European countries, as
well (though trend data for pregnancies, rather than births, are hard to find).11 In many settings,
simultaneous declines in pregnancy rates among adolescents and young adults, which reflect
later initiation of childbearing among women, suggest that similar causal factors may have
influenced both age-groups. Some research suggests that fertility behaviors are affected by
economic conditions, especially for teens, and that the recession beginning in 2008 may have
played a role in the more recent decline.12
Trends in teenage and young adult pregnancy, birth and abortion will need to be closely
monitored over the coming years to determine how the reproductive behaviors of young women
and young men in the United States may be changing. Further research will be needed to
understand the behavioral, social and economic factors that are affecting these trends.
Specifically, research will need to address not just why fewer teens and young adult women are
having births, but also why fewer are becoming pregnant.
Acknowledgments
This report was prepared by Kathryn Kost and Stanley Henshaw, with research assistance from
Michelle Eilers and Isaac Maddow-Zimet and editing by Haley Ball. All are currently or
formerly affiliated with the Guttmacher Institute. Heather Boonstra, Lawrence Finer, Rachel
Jones, Laura Lindberg, Susheela Singh and Rebecca Wind provided valuable comments and
suggestions. We gratefully acknowledge the numerous state health department staff who
provided tabulations of their data. The Guttmacher Institute also gratefully acknowledges the
general support it receives from individuals and foundations, including major grants from The
William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, which
undergirds all of the Institute’s work.
Suggested citation: Kost K and Henshaw S, U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births and Abortions,
2010: National and State Trends by Age, Race and Ethnicity, 2014, New York: Guttmacher
Institute, <http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrends10.pdf>.
References
1. Kost K and Henshaw S, U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births and Abortions, 2008: National
Trends by Age, Race and Ethnicity, 2012,
<http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrends08.pdf>, accessed Mar. 24, 2014.
2. Kost K and Henshaw S, U.S. Teenage Pregnancies, Births and Abortions, 2008: State Trends
by Age, Race and Ethnicity, 2013,
http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/USTPtrendsState08.pdf, accessed Mar. 24, 2014.
7
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Vital Statistics System,
<http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss.htm>, accessed Apr. 15, 2014.
4. Pazol K et al., Abortion surveillance—United States, 2010, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly
Report, 2013, Vol. 62, No. SS08.
5. Finer LB et al., Changes in use of long-acting contraceptive methods in the United States,
2007–2009, Fertility and Sterility, 2012, 98(4):893–897.
6. Committee on Adolescent Health Care, Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Working
Group, Adolescents and long-acting reversible contraception: implants and intrauterine devices,
Committee Opinion, 2012, No. 539.
7. CDC, U.S. selected practice recommendations for contraceptive use, 2013: adapted from the
World Health Organization Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2nd
Edition, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2013, Vol. 62, No. RR05.
8. Martin JA et al., Births: final data for 2012, National Vital Statistics Report, 2013, Vol. 62,
No. 9.
9. Jones RK and Jerman J, Abortion incidence and service availability in the United States, 2011,
Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2014, 46(1):3–14.
10. Finer LB and Zolna MR, Shifts in intended and unintended pregnancies in the United States,
2001–2008, American Journal of Public Health, 2014, 104(Suppl. 1):S43–48.
11. Sedgh G et al., Adolescent pregnancy, birth and abortion rates across countries: levels and
recent trends, unpublished report, New York: Guttmacher Institute, 2014.
12. Ananat EO et al., Community-wide job loss and teenage fertility: evidence from North
Carolina, Demography, 2013, 50(6):2151–2171.
8
Table 1.1 Rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion,* and abortion ratios,† among women aged 15–19, by race or ethnicity, according to year, 1986–2010
Race/ethnicity and
measure
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
TOTAL
Pregnancy rate
All
Sexually experienced‡
Birthrate
Abortion rate
Abortion ratio
106.7
210.5
50.2
42.3
45.7
106.6
206.5
50.6
41.8
45.2
111.4
211.4
53.0
43.5
45.1
114.9
218.6
57.3
42.0
42.3
116.9
223.1
60.3
40.5
40.2
115.3
220.6
61.8
37.4
37.7
111.0
213.0
60.3
35.2
36.9
108.0
207.8
59.0
33.9
36.5
104.6
201.8
58.2
31.6
35.2
99.6
192.6
56.0
29.4
34.5
95.6
187.5
53.5
28.6
34.8
91.4
181.6
51.3
27.1
34.6
88.7
178.9
50.3
25.8
33.9
85.7
175.2
48.8
24.7
33.6
83.4
173.0
47.6
23.9
33.4
78.7
165.8
45.0
22.5
33.3
74.4
158.9
42.6
21.1
33.1
71.8
156.7
41.1
20.4
33.2
70.1
156.5
40.5
19.5
32.5
68.3
155.9
39.7
18.7
32.0
70.1
163.8
41.1
18.9
31.5
69.8
163.1
41.5
18.2
30.6
67.8
158.5
40.2
17.8
30.6
63.4
139.8
37.9
16.3
30.0
57.4
126.6
34.4
14.7
30.0
90.0
42.3
35.6
45.7
89.6
42.5
35.1
45.2
93.0
44.4
36.1
44.9
95.8
47.9
34.8
42.1
98.8
51.2
33.9
39.8
96.6
52.6
30.4
36.6
92.3
51.4
27.9
35.2
90.0
50.6
26.6
34.4
87.8
50.5
24.7
32.8
84.9
49.5
23.2
31.9
81.4
47.5
22.2
31.9
77.9
45.5
21.1
31.7
75.9
44.9
20.0
30.8
73.4
44.0
18.7
29.8
71.3
43.1
17.8
29.3
67.7
41.0
16.8
29.0
64.4
39.2
15.7
28.6
62.3
38.0
15.2
28.5
60.7
37.4
14.4
27.8
59.1
36.7
13.7
27.1
60.6
37.9
13.7
26.5
60.9
38.4
13.5
25.9
58.8
37.3
12.8
25.5
55.5
35.3
11.9
25.3
49.8
32.0
10.4
24.5
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
39.9
u
u
86.6
42.1
32.9
43.9
83.6
43.4
28.7
39.8
77.8
41.7
25.3
37.7
75.3
40.7
24.0
37.1
72.5
40.4
21.8
35.1
69.7
39.3
20.5
34.3
66.4
37.6
19.3
33.9
63.6
36.0
18.6
34.0
60.9
35.3
16.9
32.4
58.0
34.1
15.5
31.3
55.4
32.6
14.8
31.2
51.7
30.3
13.9
31.5
48.3
28.6
12.7
30.8
46.5
27.4
12.3
31.1
44.5
26.7
11.4
29.9
43.4
26.0
11.1
29.9
44.2
26.7
11.0
29.2
44.5
27.2
10.8
28.4
43.4
26.7
10.4
27.9
41.7
25.7
9.8
27.7
37.8
23.6
8.5
26.6
NONWHITE
All
Pregnancy rate
Birthrate
Abortion rate
Abortion ratio
180.7
84.8
71.8
45.8
180.1
85.5
70.4
45.2
189.1
89.2
74.5
45.5
193.4
95.9
71.3
42.6
189.4
96.3
67.0
41.0
188.5
97.8
64.7
39.8
183.5
94.6
63.6
40.2
177.6
91.2
62.0
40.5
169.0
87.5
58.2
39.9
155.1
80.5
53.2
39.8
148.9
75.9
52.5
40.9
141.6
72.6
49.4
40.5
136.2
70.2
47.3
40.3
130.8
66.1
46.8
41.4
127.7
64.2
46.1
41.8
118.7
59.4
43.1
42.1
110.1
54.8
40.3
42.4
105.1
52.0
38.8
42.7
102.3
51.2
37.1
42.0
99.3
49.9
35.8
41.8
101.3
51.4
36.0
41.2
98.6
51.3
33.7
39.6
96.3
49.5
33.6
40.4
88.0
46.1
29.7
39.1
80.9
41.6
28.2
40.4
Black
Pregnancy rate
Birthrate
Abortion rate
Abortion ratio
u
95.8
u
u
u
97.6
u
u
u
102.7
u
u
u
111.5
u
u
223.8
112.9
80.3
41.6
222.3
114.8
76.9
40.1
216.6
111.3
75.5
40.4
209.9
107.3
73.8
40.7
198.7
102.9
68.3
39.9
181.4
94.4
61.9
39.6
175.1
89.6
61.4
40.7
168.1
86.3
58.7
40.5
162.0
83.5
56.2
40.2
156.1
79.1
55.7
41.3
152.9
77.2
54.8
41.5
141.2
71.3
50.6
41.5
131.6
65.7
47.9
42.1
125.3
62.5
45.7
42.3
122.5
61.7
44.1
41.7
118.9
60.1
42.5
41.4
121.6
62.2
42.7
40.7
119.1
62.0
40.6
39.5
117.0
60.1
40.8
40.4
110.2
56.4
38.6
40.6
99.5
51.4
34.5
40.2
HISPANIC
Pregnancy rate
Birthrate
Abortion rate
Abortion ratio
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
100.8
u
u
162.2
99.5
38.9
28.1
169.1
104.6
39.6
27.5
169.7
103.3
41.6
28.7
165.8
101.8
39.7
28.0
164.4
101.3
39.0
27.8
158.5
99.3
35.8
26.5
152.8
94.6
35.7
27.4
143.5
89.6
32.7
26.8
142.5
87.9
33.7
27.7
139.4
86.8
32.1
27.0
137.1
86.6
30.2
25.8
132.1
84.4
28.0
24.9
126.5
80.6
27.0
25.1
122.3
78.4
25.7
24.7
121.9
78.1
25.7
24.7
116.9
76.5
22.9
23.0
118.1
77.4
22.9
22.9
114.6
75.3
22.1
22.7
106.6
70.3
20.1
22.2
96.1
63.6
18.0
22.0
83.5
55.6
15.3
21.6
WHITE
All
Pregnancy rate
Birthrate
Abortion rate
Abortion ratio
Non-Hispanic§
Pregnancy rate
Birthrate
Abortion rate
Abortion ratio
*All rates are the number of events per 1,000 women aged 15–19; pregnancy rate includes the estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage or stillbirth. †The number of abortions per 100 pregnancies ending in
abortion or live birth; denominator excludes miscarriages and stillbirths. ‡The pregnancy rate among all 15–19-year-olds who have ever had sex (see text). §Pregnancy rates, birthrates and abortion ratios of non-Hispanic whites
follow the NCHS methodology of including all white births of unknown Hispanic ethnicity with non-Hispanic births (<1% of all birth certificates).
Notes: In this and subsequent tables, data are tabulated according to the woman's age at the pregnancy outcome and, for births, according to the mother´s race or ethnicity (not the child´s). u=unavailable.
9
Table 2.1 Among women aged 15–19, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion;* numbers of pregnancies, births, abortion and
miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
Year
Pregnancy
rate
Birthrate
Abortion
rate
Total
pregnancies
Births
Abortions
Estimated
miscarriages†
Population
(in 1000s)
1972
1973
1974
1975
95.1
96.1
98.8
101.1
61.7
59.3
57.5
55.6
19.1
22.8
27.0
31.2
949,630
980,000
1,022,210
1,058,150
616,280
604,096
595,449
582,238
191,000
231,900
279,700
326,780
142,350
144,100
147,060
149,130
9,988
10,193
10,350
10,466
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
101.1
104.6
105.4
109.4
111.0
52.8
52.8
51.5
52.3
53.2
34.3
37.5
39.7
42.4
42.8
1,069,440
1,107,290
1,112,760
1,148,430
1,151,850
558,744
559,154
543,407
549,472
552,161
362,680
396,630
418,790
444,600
444,780
148,020
151,500
150,560
154,350
154,910
10,582
10,581
10,555
10,497
10,381
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
109.9
109.8
109.3
107.9
109.0
52.2
52.4
51.4
50.6
51.0
42.9
42.7
43.2
42.9
43.5
1,109,540
1,077,120
1,039,600
1,002,370
1,000,110
527,392
513,758
489,286
469,682
467,485
433,330
418,740
411,330
398,870
399,200
148,810
144,620
138,990
133,830
133,420
10,096
9,809
9,515
9,287
9,174
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
106.7
106.6
111.4
114.9
116.9
50.2
50.6
53.0
57.3
60.3
42.3
41.8
43.5
42.0
40.5
982,450
974,580
1,006,010
1,015,790
1,012,260
461,905
462,312
478,353
506,503
521,826
389,240
381,640
392,720
370,900
350,970
131,310
130,630
134,940
138,390
139,460
9,206
9,139
9,029
8,840
8,656
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
115.3
111.0
108.0
104.6
99.6
61.8
60.3
59.0
58.2
56.0
37.4
35.2
33.9
31.6
29.4
969,280
931,400
917,800
908,910
889,080
519,577
505,415
501,093
505,488
499,873
314,350
295,360
287,710
274,840
262,930
135,350
130,620
128,990
128,580
126,270
8,407
8,389
8,496
8,689
8,929
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
95.6
91.4
88.7
85.7
83.4
53.5
51.3
50.3
48.8
47.6
28.6
27.1
25.8
24.7
23.9
878,990
861,070
855,420
836,290
821,810
491,577
483,220
484,895
476,050
468,990
262,810
255,640
248,680
240,940
235,470
124,600
122,210
121,850
119,300
117,350
9,193
9,425
9,641
9,762
9,855
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
78.7
74.4
71.8
70.1
68.3
45.0
42.6
41.1
40.5
39.7
22.5
21.1
20.4
19.5
18.7
780,200
742,430
723,980
718,040
712,610
445,944
425,493
414,580
415,262
414,593
222,790
210,770
205,900
199,750
195,550
111,470
106,170
103,500
103,030
102,470
9,909
9,982
10,087
10,243
10,435
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
70.1
69.8
67.8
63.4
57.4
41.1
41.5
40.2
37.9
34.4
18.9
18.2
17.8
16.3
14.7
742,990
749,180
733,010
684,900
614,410
435,436
444,899
434,758
409,802
367,678
200,420
195,730
192,090
175,580
157,450
107,130
108,550
106,160
99,520
89,280
10,597
10,731
10,805
10,805
10,702
*All rates are the number of events per 1,000 women aged 15–19; pregnancy rate includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage
or stillbirth. †Includes stillbirths.
10
Table 2.2 Among women aged 15–17, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion;* numbers of pregnancies, births, abortions and
miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
Year
Pregnancy
rate
Birthrate
Abortion
rate
Total
pregnancies
Births
Abortions
Estimated
miscarriages†
Population
(in 1000s)
1972
1973
1974
1975
62.4
64.9
66.4
68.0
39.0
38.5
37.3
36.1
14.2
16.9
19.7
22.3
378,720
401,130
416,700
427,300
236,641
238,403
234,177
227,270
86,140
104,590
123,350
140,520
55,940
58,140
59,170
59,510
6,071
6,185
6,276
6,288
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
67.5
69.5
68.3
70.4
72.5
34.1
33.9
32.2
32.3
32.7
24.2
26.2
26.9
28.8
30.2
426,560
438,720
429,390
436,590
439,550
215,493
213,788
202,661
200,137
198,222
152,700
165,610
169,270
178,570
183,350
58,370
59,320
57,460
57,880
57,980
6,319
6,310
6,286
6,200
6,063
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
71.5
71.7
72.0
70.2
70.9
32.0
32.2
31.8
31.0
31.0
30.1
30.0
30.7
29.9
30.6
418,400
402,640
390,290
377,080
383,540
187,397
181,162
172,673
166,744
167,789
175,930
168,410
166,440
160,900
165,630
55,070
53,070
51,180
49,440
50,120
5,848
5,618
5,424
5,373
5,409
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
69.6
70.5
73.5
74.4
74.2
30.5
31.7
33.6
36.4
37.5
29.9
29.6
30.2
28.0
26.6
384,050
384,340
386,110
370,290
362,800
168,572
172,591
176,624
181,044
183,327
165,240
161,120
158,330
139,130
129,820
50,240
50,630
51,160
50,120
49,650
5,520
5,450
5,251
4,974
4,889
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
72.9
70.3
69.4
67.7
64.1
38.6
37.6
37.5
37.2
35.5
24.2
22.9
22.2
21.0
19.5
355,730
350,900
352,900
355,510
347,580
188,226
187,549
190,535
195,169
192,508
118,050
114,400
112,960
110,280
105,970
49,450
48,950
49,400
50,060
49,100
4,882
4,993
5,086
5,249
5,424
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
60.4
56.6
53.9
50.5
48.1
33.3
31.4
29.9
28.2
26.8
18.6
17.2
16.4
15.2
14.5
337,060
324,490
312,170
293,570
281,900
185,721
180,154
173,231
163,588
157,209
103,810
98,460
94,810
88,420
84,770
47,530
45,880
44,130
41,560
39,920
5,582
5,732
5,790
5,811
5,862
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
44.2
41.7
40.2
38.9
37.6
24.5
23.1
22.2
21.8
21.1
13.4
12.7
12.4
11.6
11.2
261,880
250,570
243,810
239,320
237,630
145,324
138,731
134,384
133,980
133,191
79,540
76,450
75,050
71,400
70,730
37,020
35,390
34,380
33,940
33,710
5,928
6,008
6,060
6,146
6,319
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
38.3
37.9
36.8
33.9
30.1
21.6
21.7
21.1
19.6
17.4
11.2
10.8
10.4
9.5
8.4
246,250
245,610
236,220
215,080
189,000
138,943
140,566
135,664
124,247
109,173
72,290
69,930
66,750
59,980
52,720
35,020
35,110
33,810
30,850
27,110
6,434
6,484
6,417
6,344
6,281
*All rates are the number of events per 1,000 women aged 15–17; pregnancy rate includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage
or stillbirth. †Includes stillbirths.
11
Table 2.3 Among women aged 18–19, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion;* numbers of pregnancies, births, abortions and
miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
Year
Pregnancy
rate
Birthrate
Abortion
rate
Total
pregnancies
Births
Abortions
Estimated
miscarriages†
Population
(in 1000s)
1972
1973
1974
1975
145.8
144.4
148.6
151.0
96.9
91.2
88.7
85.0
26.8
31.8
38.4
44.6
570,910
578,870
605,510
630,850
379,639
365,693
361,272
354,968
104,860
127,310
156,350
186,260
86,410
85,870
87,890
89,620
3,917
4,008
4,074
4,178
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
150.8
156.5
160.1
165.7
164.9
80.5
80.9
79.8
81.3
81.9
49.3
54.1
58.4
61.9
60.5
642,880
668,570
683,370
711,840
712,300
343,251
345,366
340,746
349,335
353,939
209,980
231,020
249,520
266,030
261,430
89,650
92,180
93,100
96,470
96,930
4,263
4,271
4,269
4,297
4,319
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
162.7
160.9
158.7
159.8
163.8
80.0
79.4
77.4
77.4
79.6
60.6
59.7
59.8
60.8
62.0
691,140
674,480
649,310
625,290
616,570
339,995
332,596
316,613
302,938
299,696
257,400
250,330
244,890
237,970
233,570
93,740
91,550
87,810
84,390
83,300
4,248
4,191
4,092
3,914
3,765
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
162.3
160.0
164.1
167.0
172.4
79.6
78.5
79.9
84.2
89.9
60.8
59.8
62.0
60.0
58.7
598,400
590,240
619,900
645,500
649,460
293,333
289,721
301,729
325,459
338,499
224,000
220,520
234,390
231,770
221,150
81,070
80,000
83,780
88,270
89,810
3,686
3,689
3,778
3,865
3,766
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
174.0
171.0
165.6
160.8
154.5
94.0
93.6
91.1
90.2
87.7
55.7
53.3
51.2
47.8
44.8
613,550
580,500
564,900
553,400
541,500
331,351
317,866
310,558
310,319
307,365
196,300
180,960
174,750
164,560
156,960
85,900
81,670
79,590
78,520
77,170
3,526
3,395
3,410
3,440
3,505
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
150.1
145.3
141.1
137.4
135.2
84.7
82.1
80.9
79.1
78.1
44.0
42.6
40.0
38.6
37.7
541,930
536,580
543,250
542,720
539,910
305,856
303,066
311,664
312,462
311,781
159,000
157,180
153,870
152,520
150,700
77,070
76,330
77,720
77,740
77,430
3,611
3,693
3,851
3,951
3,993
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
130.2
123.8
119.3
116.9
115.4
75.5
72.2
69.6
68.7
68.4
36.0
33.8
32.5
31.3
30.3
518,320
491,860
480,170
478,720
474,980
300,620
286,762
280,196
281,282
281,402
143,250
134,320
130,850
128,350
124,820
74,450
70,780
69,120
69,090
68,760
3,981
3,974
4,026
4,096
4,116
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
119.3
118.6
113.2
105.3
96.2
71.2
71.7
68.2
64.0
58.5
30.8
29.6
28.6
25.9
23.7
496,730
503,580
496,780
469,830
425,410
296,493
304,333
299,094
285,555
258,505
128,130
125,800
125,340
115,600
104,730
72,110
73,450
72,350
68,670
62,170
4,163
4,247
4,389
4,461
4,421
*All rates are the number of events per 1,000 women aged 18–19; pregnancy rate includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage
or stillbirth. †Includes stillbirths.
12
Table 2.4 Among women aged 14 or younger, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion;* numbers of pregnancies, births, abortions and
miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
Year
Pregnancy
rate
Abortion
rate
Total
pregnancies
Abortions
Estimated
miscarriages†
1972
1973
1974
1975
u
13.5
14.3
15.1
5.8
6.1
6.0
6.0
u
5.6
6.4
7.2
u
28,230
29,800
31,950
12,082
12,861
12,529
12,642
u
11,630
13,420
15,260
u
3,740
3,850
4,050
2,093
2,094
2,086
2,118
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
15.2
15.1
14.6
15.8
15.9
5.7
5.6
5.3
5.5
5.5
7.6
7.6
7.5
8.3
8.4
31,710
30,970
29,550
30,680
29,080
11,928
11,455
10,772
10,699
10,169
15,820
15,650
15,110
16,220
15,340
3,960
3,860
3,670
3,760
3,570
2,080
2,048
2,020
1,944
1,834
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
15.8
15.9
16.7
16.8
16.7
5.4
5.6
5.5
5.5
5.5
8.5
8.3
9.2
9.3
9.2
28,320
27,770
29,690
30,570
30,930
9,632
9,773
9,752
9,965
10,220
15,240
14,590
16,350
16,920
16,970
3,450
3,410
3,590
3,690
3,740
1,787
1,748
1,781
1,819
1,853
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
17.3
17.4
17.6
17.3
17.5
6.0
6.4
6.7
7.1
7.3
9.2
8.8
8.7
7.9
7.9
29,470
28,070
27,720
27,810
27,830
10,176
10,311
10,588
11,486
11,657
15,690
14,270
13,650
12,750
12,580
3,600
3,490
3,480
3,570
3,590
1,706
1,613
1,573
1,608
1,588
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
16.7
17.0
16.4
15.5
14.3
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.0
6.6
7.3
7.6
7.1
6.5
5.8
27,910
28,780
28,710
28,770
26,600
12,014
12,220
12,554
12,901
12,242
12,270
12,830
12,410
12,080
10,830
3,630
3,730
3,750
3,790
3,530
1,670
1,694
1,756
1,855
1,860
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
13.0
11.9
11.5
10.5
10.0
5.8
5.3
5.0
4.6
4.3
5.4
5.0
5.0
4.5
4.3
24,780
22,750
21,650
20,450
19,640
11,148
10,121
9,462
9,054
8,519
10,360
9,640
9,360
8,720
8,560
3,270
2,990
2,830
2,680
2,560
1,910
1,919
1,890
1,957
1,972
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
9.2
8.5
7.9
7.4
7.3
3.9
3.6
3.2
3.2
3.2
4.1
3.8
3.7
3.3
3.2
18,190
17,190
16,300
15,890
15,540
7,781
7,315
6,661
6,781
6,722
8,050
7,640
7,550
7,050
6,800
2,360
2,230
2,090
2,060
2,020
1,980
2,015
2,058
2,147
2,123
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
7.0
6.9
6.6
5.9
5.4
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.5
2.2
3.1
3.0
2.9
2.7
2.5
14,790
14,360
13,520
12,060
10,900
6,396
6,195
5,764
5,029
4,497
6,460
6,290
6,010
5,480
5,000
1,930
1,870
1,750
1,550
1,400
2,103
2,074
2,046
2,040
2,022
Birthrate
Births
Population
(in 1000s)‡
*All rates are calculated as the number of events experienced by women aged 14 and younger divided by the female population aged 14. The
denominator is limited to 14-year-olds because the majority of all pregnancies among women aged 14 and younger occur among 14-year-olds (see
Methodology). The pregnancy rate includes the estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage or stillbirth. †Includes stillbirths. ‡Women
aged 14. Note: u=unavailable.
13
Table 2.5 Among women younger than 20, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion;* numbers of pregnancies, births, abortion and
miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
Year
Pregnancy
rate
1972
1973
1974
1975
u
98.9
101.6
104.2
62.9
60.5
58.7
56.8
u
23.9
28.3
32.7
u
1,008,230
1,052,010
1,090,100
628,362
616,957
607,978
594,880
u
243,530
293,120
342,040
u
147,750
150,910
153,180
9,988
10,193
10,350
10,466
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
104.1
107.6
108.2
112.3
113.8
53.9
53.9
52.5
53.4
54.2
35.8
39.0
41.1
43.9
44.3
1,101,150
1,138,260
1,142,310
1,179,110
1,180,930
570,672
570,609
554,179
560,171
562,330
378,500
412,280
433,900
460,820
460,120
151,980
155,360
154,230
158,110
158,480
10,582
10,581
10,555
10,497
10,381
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
112.7
112.6
112.4
111.2
112.4
53.2
53.4
52.4
51.6
52.1
44.4
44.2
44.9
44.8
45.4
1,137,860
1,104,890
1,069,290
1,032,940
1,031,040
537,024
523,531
499,038
479,647
477,705
448,570
433,330
427,680
415,790
416,170
152,260
148,030
142,580
137,520
137,160
10,096
9,809
9,515
9,287
9,174
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
109.9
109.7
114.5
118.1
120.2
51.3
51.7
54.2
58.6
61.6
44.0
43.3
45.0
43.4
42.0
1,011,920
1,002,650
1,033,730
1,043,600
1,040,090
472,081
472,623
488,941
517,989
533,483
404,930
395,910
406,370
383,650
363,550
134,910
134,120
138,420
141,960
143,050
9,206
9,139
9,029
8,840
8,656
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
118.6
114.5
111.4
107.9
102.5
63.2
61.7
60.5
59.7
57.4
38.8
36.7
35.3
33.0
30.7
997,190
960,180
946,510
937,680
915,680
531,591
517,635
513,647
518,389
512,115
326,620
308,190
300,120
286,920
273,760
138,980
134,350
132,740
132,370
129,800
8,407
8,389
8,496
8,689
8,929
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
98.3
93.8
91.0
87.8
85.4
54.7
52.3
51.3
49.7
48.5
29.7
28.1
26.8
25.6
24.8
903,770
883,820
877,070
856,750
841,450
502,725
493,341
494,357
485,104
477,509
273,170
265,280
258,040
249,660
244,030
127,870
125,200
124,680
121,990
119,910
9,193
9,425
9,641
9,762
9,855
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
80.6
76.1
73.4
71.7
69.8
45.8
43.4
41.8
41.2
40.4
23.3
21.9
21.2
20.2
19.4
798,390
759,620
740,280
733,930
728,170
453,725
432,808
421,241
422,043
421,315
230,840
218,410
213,450
206,800
202,350
113,830
108,400
105,590
105,090
104,500
9,909
9,982
10,087
10,243
10,435
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
71.5
71.1
69.1
64.5
58.4
41.7
42.0
40.8
38.4
34.8
19.5
18.8
18.3
16.8
15.2
757,760
763,530
746,530
696,960
625,310
441,832
451,094
440,522
414,831
372,175
206,880
202,020
198,100
181,060
162,450
109,050
110,420
107,910
101,070
90,680
10,597
10,731
10,805
10,805
10,702
Birthrate
Abortion
rate
Total
pregnancies
Births
Abortions
Estimated
miscarriages†
Population
(in 1000s)‡
*All rates are calculated as the number of events experienced by women younger than 20, divided by the female population aged 15–19. The
denominator is limited to 15–19-year-olds because 97–98% of all pregnancies among women younger than 20 occurred among 15–19-year-olds.
The pregnancy rate includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage or stillbirth. †Includes stillbirths. ‡Women aged 15–19. Note:
u=unavailable.
14
Table 2.6 Among women aged 20–24, rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion;* numbers of pregnancies, births, abortions and
miscarriages; and population, 1972–2010
Year
Pregnancy
rate
Abortion
rate
Total
pregnancies
Abortions
Estimated
miscarriage†
1972
1973
1974
1975
u
172.4
174.7
173.3
130.2
119.7
117.7
113.0
u
26.2
30.4
34.3
u
1,586,000
1,644,920
1,677,220
1,174,183
1,101,113
1,108,051
1,093,676
u
240,610
286,600
331,640
u
244,280
250,270
251,900
9,021
9,198
9,415
9,677
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
175.9
184.2
183.7
190.2
194.3
110.3
112.9
109.9
112.8
114.8
39.6
44.3
47.2
49.9
51.4
1,741,430
1,870,410
1,905,780
2,004,670
2,075,790
1,091,602
1,146,491
1,139,524
1,188,663
1,226,200
392,280
449,660
489,410
525,710
549,410
257,550
274,260
276,850
290,300
300,180
9,901
10,152
10,373
10,541
10,683
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
191.1
190.1
185.4
184.9
187.1
112.2
111.6
107.8
106.8
108.3
51.4
51.1
50.9
51.6
52.0
2,064,830
2,054,020
1,995,270
1,976,120
1,972,410
1,212,000
1,205,979
1,160,274
1,141,578
1,141,320
554,940
551,680
548,130
551,110
548,020
297,890
296,360
286,870
283,430
283,070
10,805
10,805
10,762
10,687
10,541
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
185.9
186.7
191.2
195.7
202.0
107.4
107.9
110.2
113.8
116.4
51.8
52.0
53.6
53.8
56.7
1,907,060
1,861,150
1,852,520
1,853,480
1,898,200
1,102,119
1,075,856
1,067,472
1,077,598
1,093,730
531,380
518,290
519,600
509,420
532,480
273,560
267,000
265,450
266,460
271,990
10,258
9,971
9,689
9,473
9,396
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
200.4
197.9
194.0
188.1
182.9
115.3
113.7
111.3
109.2
107.5
56.4
55.9
54.9
51.9
49.1
1,894,240
1,863,730
1,809,330
1,724,700
1,643,520
1,089,692
1,070,490
1,038,127
1,001,418
965,547
533,280
526,490
512,340
475,450
440,780
271,270
266,750
258,860
247,830
237,190
9,451
9,417
9,328
9,168
8,986
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
183.5
181.6
181.8
180.6
181.2
107.8
107.3
108.4
107.9
108.9
49.3
48.1
47.0
46.4
45.9
1,609,600
1,594,850
1,617,980
1,643,120
1,693,940
945,210
942,048
965,122
981,929
1,017,806
432,130
422,170
418,030
422,550
429,610
232,260
230,630
234,830
238,640
246,520
8,770
8,781
8,901
9,099
9,350
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
175.6
170.6
168.3
165.6
164.7
105.6
103.1
102.3
101.5
101.8
44.4
42.7
41.4
39.8
38.7
1,698,880
1,691,900
1,698,470
1,687,400
1,683,910
1,021,627
1,022,106
1,032,305
1,034,454
1,040,388
429,930
423,060
417,910
405,510
395,860
247,320
246,730
248,250
247,440
247,660
9,677
9,916
10,094
10,191
10,223
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
170.4
168.7
164.3
155.0
145.0
105.5
105.4
101.8
96.2
89.5
39.8
38.4
38.4
36.0
34.1
1,744,440
1,733,070
1,698,980
1,620,900
1,540,560
1,080,437
1,082,354
1,052,184
1,005,982
951,688
407,190
394,770
396,690
376,110
362,300
256,810
255,950
250,110
238,810
226,570
10,239
10,270
10,340
10,459
10,628
Birthrate
Births
Population
(in 1000s)
*All rates are the number of events per 1,000 women aged 20–24; pregnancy rate includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage
or stillbirth. †Includes stillbirths. Note: u=unavailable.
15
Teen Pregnancy Rates, by State, in 2010
16
Table 3.1 State rankings by rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion* among women aged 15–19; state rates by age-group; and state abortion ratios, 2010
State
Pregnancy rate
Rank
Birthrate
15–19
15–17
18–19
Rank
Abortion rate
15–19
15–17
18–19
Rank
15–19
15–17
18–19
Abortion
ratio†
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California‡
na
15
12
18
4
21
57
62
64
60
73
59
30
34
29
32
35
32
96
101
120
101
125
99
na
9
18
12
3
29
34
44
38
42
53
32
17
23
16
22
25
16
58
72
73
70
92
54
na
34
10
33
36
8
15
9
17
9
9
19
8
6
9
4
5
11
24
13
29
15
13
32
30
17
30
18
14
38
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida‡
27
39
8
na
19
54
44
67
90
60
29
23
39
79
31
90
77
102
97
101
24
47
31
na
28
33
19
31
45
32
18
8
16
36
16
57
35
49
52
55
21
6
2
na
9
12
20
28
32
19
7
12
18
33
11
20
32
39
31
31
27
52
47
41
38
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
11
10
36
23
29
64
65
47
57
53
34
31
22
32
26
108
117
84
95
90
13
27
26
25
19
42
33
33
33
38
21
13
15
17
19
71
63
59
57
64
19
4
43
13
42
13
23
7
15
7
8
14
4
10
4
21
38
12
24
12
24
42
17
32
16
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
41
28
16
5
46
44
53
62
69
37
22
26
31
36
15
74
92
107
115
68
34
14
7
6
45
29
39
46
48
22
13
19
22
24
8
49
68
81
81
41
35
47
46
25
26
9
5
6
10
10
5
3
4
7
4
14
9
9
15
18
23
12
12
18
31
Maryland§
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
22
47
31
48
2
57
37
52
36
76
29
19
26
16
42
100
59
89
64
123
38
49
32
43
1
27
17
30
23
55
14
9
14
10
31
48
27
53
41
89
5
16
17
40
32
22
14
14
8
9
12
7
8
4
5
38
24
23
13
15
45
46
32
25
14
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire§
25
30
42
7
50
54
53
43
68
28
25
21
21
35
12
95
98
74
121
51
20
21
30
16
50
37
35
31
39
16
17
13
15
19
6
65
67
54
70
29
37
27
48
7
38
9
10
5
20
8
4
5
3
11
4
15
16
8
34
15
19
21
14
34
35
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
32
1
14
20
43
51
80
63
59
42
26
46
36
31
20
92
129
100
98
67
46
2
42
17
33
20
53
23
38
29
10
30
11
20
13
38
86
39
64
47
3
14
1
22
45
24
15
32
12
6
13
9
20
7
4
42
23
49
19
9
55
22
58
24
18
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
26
6
37
34
40
54
69
47
49
44
26
36
23
26
25
94
114
80
79
64
23
5
35
39
44
34
50
28
27
22
16
26
13
14
14
61
84
49
44
32
24
41
23
15
11
12
8
12
15
16
6
4
7
8
8
19
12
19
24
24
25
13
29
35
41
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
9
38
17
3
45
65
47
62
73
38
36
21
30
40
19
103
82
107
122
63
11
22
10
4
36
43
35
43
52
28
22
16
20
29
14
69
62
76
87
47
20
49
30
28
50
13
4
9
9
4
8
2
5
5
2
19
7
15
17
7
23
11
18
15
13
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming§
49
35
33
13
44
24
32
48
49
64
39
56
14
22
26
32
18
25
53
84
83
106
69
97
48
37
40
8
41
15
18
27
27
45
26
39
8
13
13
21
12
17
31
48
47
76
47
69
29
18
12
31
44
39
9
14
16
9
7
8
4
7
9
6
4
5
15
24
25
14
11
12
34
33
37
17
21
17
*All rates are the number of events per 1,000 women aged 15–19; pregnancy rate includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage or
stillbirth.†Abortions per 100 pregnancies ending in abortion or live birth. ‡Abortion estimates are based on the number of abortions among all women in the state and the
proportion of abortions obtained by women of the same age nationally. §Abortion estimates are based on the number of abortions among all women in the state and the
proportion of abortions obtained by women of the same age in neighboring states.
Notes: Even though abortions have been tabulated according to state of residence where possible, in states with parental notification or consent requirements for
minors, the pregnancy and abortion rates may be too low because minors have traveled to other states for abortion services, and the rates in neighboring states may be
too high.
17
Table 3.2 Number of pregnancies, births, abortions and miscarriages among women younger than 20 in each state, by age-group, 2010
State
Pregnancies*,†
Births
Miscarriages*,‡
Abortions*
<15
15–19
15–17
18–19
<15
15–19
15–17
18–19
<15
15–19
15–17
18–19
<15
15–19
15–17
18–19
10,890
230
10
200
130
1,450
614,410
10,460
1,600
13,470
7,220
80,970
189,000
3,260
450
4,170
2,060
25,680
425,410
7,190
1,150
9,300
5,160
55,300
4,497
110
5
108
76
433
367,678
7,343
956
9,389
5,229
43,149
109,173
2,224
251
2,934
1,435
13,314
258,505
5,119
705
6,455
3,794
29,835
5,000
90
§
60
30
840
157,450
1,500
410
2,010
860
26,540
52,720
540
130
590
300
8,820
104,730
960
280
1,420
560
17,720
1,400
30
§
30
20
170
89,280
1,620
230
2,080
1,130
11,280
27,110
500
60
650
320
3,540
62,170
1,120
170
1,430
810
7,740
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida**
140
100
50
50
700
8,790
5,400
2,130
1,880
35,610
2,840
1,720
700
670
10,680
5,950
3,680
1,430
1,210
24,940
57
20
16
16
249
5,474
2,274
974
951
19,127
1,717
622
285
303
5,393
3,757
1,652
689
648
13,734
60
70
20
20
370
2,020
2,430
880
670
11,510
710
880
330
280
3,820
1,310
1,550
550
390
7,690
20
10
10
10
90
1,300
700
280
260
4,980
410
210
90
90
1,460
880
480
190
170
3,520
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
460
30
30
500
170
22,240
2,680
2,660
25,350
12,240
6,910
780
730
8,530
3,540
15,320
1,900
1,930
16,820
8,710
184
10
13
190
91
14,378
1,347
1,863
14,798
8,665
4,330
324
504
4,645
2,484
10,048
1,023
1,359
10,153
6,181
220
20
10
250
60
4,530
970
390
6,910
1,680
1,560
360
120
2,690
510
2,970
610
270
4,210
1,170
60
§
§
60
20
3,330
370
410
3,650
1,900
1,020
100
110
1,200
550
2,310
270
300
2,450
1,350
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
70
60
120
250
20
4,640
5,220
8,990
11,060
1,560
1,300
1,520
2,570
3,310
370
3,330
3,700
6,420
7,740
1,190
32
36
69
121
6
3,017
3,865
6,684
7,689
917
800
1,113
1,847
2,189
208
2,217
2,752
4,837
5,500
709
30
20
30
90
10
920
530
880
1,660
420
310
170
320
620
110
610
360
560
1,040
310
10
10
20
30
§
700
830
1,420
1,700
230
190
240
400
500
50
500
590
1,020
1,200
170
Maryland††
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
240
120
300
110
180
11,320
8,310
18,580
6,340
8,390
3,420
2,350
5,400
1,740
2,700
7,900
5,960
13,190
4,600
5,690
80
40
112
46
111
5,396
3,909
10,835
4,035
6,077
1,602
1,137
2,968
1,071
1,959
3,794
2,772
7,867
2,964
4,118
130
60
150
50
40
4,400
3,290
5,080
1,360
1,000
1,360
890
1,670
410
320
3,040
2,400
3,400
950
680
30
10
40
10
30
1,520
1,110
2,670
940
1,320
460
320
760
260
420
1,060
790
1,910
690
890
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire††
140
30
40
110
10
11,160
1,690
2,710
6,020
1,290
3,020
400
790
1,880
310
8,140
1,290
1,930
4,150
980
75
12
18
49
3
7,669
1,128
1,958
3,421
722
2,048
245
544
1,023
164
5,621
883
1,414
2,398
558
40
10
10
50
10
1,780
310
330
1,740
380
510
100
120
590
100
1,270
210
210
1,150
280
20
§
10
10
§
1,710
260
420
860
180
460
60
120
260
40
1,250
200
300
590
140
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
310
90
970
340
10
14,630
5,830
41,590
19,000
950
4,740
1,990
13,750
5,830
250
9,890
3,840
27,840
13,170
700
76
46
185
163
7
5,793
3,872
15,126
12,309
659
1,732
1,290
4,338
3,704
165
4,061
2,582
10,788
8,605
494
200
40
680
130
10
6,980
1,070
21,310
3,840
150
2,420
400
7,770
1,260
50
4,560
680
13,540
2,580
100
30
10
100
50
§
1,860
880
5,160
2,850
150
590
300
1,640
870
40
1,270
580
3,510
1,980
110
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
410
160
70
420
30
21,600
8,860
5,800
21,470
1,750
6,260
2,640
1,680
6,480
520
15,340
6,220
4,120
14,990
1,230
171
101
27
153
6
13,752
6,496
3,496
11,959
891
3,811
1,918
963
3,574
284
9,941
4,578
2,533
8,385
607
190
30
30
220
20
4,630
970
1,450
6,470
620
1,530
310
480
2,000
170
3,110
660
980
4,480
450
50
20
10
50
§
3,210
1,400
840
3,040
240
920
410
240
910
70
2,300
980
600
2,120
170
180
20
230
1,050
50
10,490
1,300
13,280
66,760
4,140
3,260
350
3,770
22,030
1,200
7,230
950
9,510
44,730
2,950
107
10
118
705
27
6,849
975
9,254
47,751
3,049
2,017
260
2,536
16,027
879
4,832
715
6,718
31,724
2,170
50
10
80
180
20
2,060
120
1,980
8,600
440
760
30
660
2,540
130
1,300
80
1,320
6,060
310
30
§
30
160
10
1,580
210
2,050
10,410
650
480
60
570
3,460
190
1,100
150
1,480
6,950
470
10
170
150
50
130
10
710
12,890
11,040
3,710
7,580
1,030
170
3,460
3,430
1,040
2,100
270
540
9,430
7,610
2,670
5,480
760
2
71
54
21
57
2
401
7,374
6,002
2,608
5,100
723
91
1,956
1,725
694
1,345
181
310
5,418
4,277
1,914
3,755
542
10
80
80
30
60
§
210
3,680
3,490
530
1,330
140
50
1,010
1,230
190
440
50
150
2,660
2,260
340
890
100
§
20
20
10
20
§
100
1,840
1,550
570
1,150
160
20
490
470
160
310
40
80
1,350
1,080
420
840
120
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California**
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming††
*Rounded to the nearest 10. †Includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage or stillbirth. ‡Estimated as 20% of births plus 10% of abortions; includes stillbirths. §<5 abortions or
miscarriages/stillbirths. **Estimates based on the number of abortions to all women in the state and the proportion of abortions obtained by women of the same age nationally. ††Abortion estimates are
based on the number of abortions among all women in the state and the proportion of abortions obtained by women of the same age in neighboring states.
Note: Even though abortions have been tabulated according to state of residence where possible, in states with parental notification or consent requirements for minors, the number of pregnancies may
be too low because minors have traveled to other states for abortion services, and numbers in neighboring states may be too high.
18
Table 3.3 State-specific rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion* among women aged 15–19, by year
State
Pregnancy rate
1988
1992
1996
2000
2005
2008
2010
Birthrate
1988
1992
1996
2000
2005
2008
2010
Abortion rate
1988
1992
1996
2000
2005
2008
2010
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
111
110
111
127
115
154
111
116
111
131
115
157
96
103
82
115
106
122
83
90
74
104
93
96
68
71
65
90
79
75
68
73
69
82
82
72
57
62
64
60
73
59
53
63
57
69
70
58
60
72
65
80
75
73
53
67
51
72
74
61
48
61
49
67
66
47
40
48
40
59
59
39
40
51
44
54
60
38
34
44
38
42
53
32
43
32 †
38 †
40
27
76 †
35
27
30 †
32
23
63 †
29
20
19
26
16
45 †
24
15
14 ‡
21
12
36 ‡
19
12
16
18
8
26 ‡
18
11
15
15
10
24 ‡
15
9
17
9
9
19 ‡
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
102
107
117
209
133
111
95
119
254
125
92
84
89
199
111
82
70
92
122
98
68
57
75
110
77
66
55
81
112
73
54
44
67
90
60
49
36
53
74
63
58
39
59
107
65
51
37
54
79
57
51
31
48
53
51
42
23
40
42
42
40
23
38
51
40
33
19
31
45
32
39
58
49 †
110
52 †
37
44
44
115
42 †
29
37
23
49
39 †
19
30
31
52
34 †
16
26
25
54
24 ‡
16
26
32
46
22 ‡
12
20
28
32
19 ‡
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
122
134
73
112
89
126
140
77
111
94
107
103
69
103
87
95
93
62
87
72
79
72
53
67
61
78
76
57
68
59
64
65
47
57
53
69
49
45
54
52
74
54
52
63
59
67
49
47
55
55
62
46
43
48
49
52
37
36
39
42
50
39
40
39
41
42
33
33
33
38
37
68
17
43 †
25
34
68
14
32
22
24
40
12
33
19
18
34
10
27
12
15
25
9
19
9
16
27
8
20
8
13
23
7
15
7
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
69
88
96
107
82
66
90
99
108
70
57
78
88
97
58
54
69
75
87
51
49
59
64
67
43
51
63
71
80
43
44
53
62
69
37
33
49
60
68
41
41
56
65
76
40
37
49
61
67
32
34
46
55
62
29
31
40
48
47
24
33
44
53
54
25
29
39
46
48
22
27 †
27
22
23
30
16 †
21
19
15
20
12 †
17
13
15
18
12
12
8
11
15
10
9
6
9†
12
10
9
7
14 †
12
9
5
6
10
10
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
129
97
111
69
106
118
86
108
64
121
105
76
87
56
106
91
59
75
50
102
66
45
60
42
82
63
42
58
42
90
57
37
52
36
76
51
32
47
31
73
51
38
57
36
84
46
31
46
32
74
41
26
40
30
70
32
20
32
26
58
33
20
32
26
64
27
17
30
23
55
61
53
49
29
16
52
38
37
19
19
44
36
29
16
16
38
26
24
13
16
25 †
19
19
10
11
22 †
17
18
10
12
22 †
14
14
8
9
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
99
74
75
142
87
100
81
71
143
62
85
66
62
140
56
74
60
59
115
47
62
56
48
93
33
65
59
50
84
33
54
53
43
68
28
55
39
37
65
33
63
46
41
71
31
53
39
39
69
28
49
37
38
62
23
42
35
33
52
18
44
39
36
49
19
37
35
31
39
16
30
24
27
59
43 †
22
23
20
53
22 †
19
17
14
51
20 †
14
14
12
37
17 †
11
13
8
28
11 †
11
11
7
23
9†
9
10
5
20
8†
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
112
124
116
122
57
96
128
118
120
59
96
109
103
103
49
91
103
90
95
41
71
93
75
73
41
62
93
71
72
42
51
80
63
59
42
39
72
40
61
31
39
80
45
69
37
35
70
40
62
32
32
66
33
59
27
24
61
26
47
27
24
61
26
47
28
20
53
23
38
29
60
35
61
45
18
45
30
59
34
13
49
22
50
25
10
48
22
46
22
8
38
17
40
15
7
30
17
37
14
8
24
15
32
12
6
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
96
105
105
87
86
93
100
99
84
93
81
90
89
68
79
74
85
78
60
65
61
74
57
51
55
62
80
60
56
53
54
69
47
49
44
52
62
48
41
38
58
70
53
45
46
50
63
50
38
39
46
60
43
34
34
38
53
33
29
28
39
58
36
30
28
34
50
28
27
22
31
27 †
43
34
36
21
14 †
32
27
35
18
13 †
26
20
30
17
12
25
17
23
14
10
16
14
20
14
9
16
18
18
12
8
12
15
16
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
114
69
110
117
69
109
74
111
122
65
94
60
97
113
58
88
53
88
101
52
75
50
77
87
43
76
53
76
85
48
65
47
62
73
38
65
44
64
69
44
70
48
71
78
46
60
40
64
73
41
58
38
59
69
38
49
37
53
61
31
51
39
52
61
35
43
35
43
52
28
33
15
31
31
15
23
14
24
26
9
19
10
18
23
7
17
7
16
17
6
16
6
12
13
6
14
5
12
11
6
13
4
9
9
4
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
81
106
109
78
74
82
71
101
107
85
73
81
59
87
87
73
61
75
43
72
75
66
55
77
38
59
59
60
46
64
38
56
60
65
45
68
32
48
49
64
39
56
33
46
47
50
38
48
36
52
51
56
42
50
30
45
46
51
37
45
23
41
39
46
35
42
17
33
31
42
30
43
20
33
33
47
30
47
18
27
27
45
26
39
37
46
47
17 †
26
23
26
35
42
16
21
19
22
29
29
12
15
20
14
21
26
10
12
25 §
15
17
20
8
9
12 †
13
15
19
8
8
10 †
9
14
16
9
7
8†
*All rates are the number of events per 1,000 women aged 15–19; pregnancy rate includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage or stillbirth. †Estimate based on the number of abortions among all women in the state and the proportion of abortions
obtained by women of the same age in neighboring or similar states. ‡Estimate based on the number of abortions among all women in the state and the proportion of abortions obtained by women of the same age nationally. §Estimate obtained by applying the average of
the proportions of abortions obtained by 15–19-year-old women in Wyoming in 1992, 1996 and 1999 to the number of abortions among all women in the state in 2000. The number of Wyoming residents having abortions in Colorado may have been overestimated in 2000.
Notes: Even though abortions have been tabulated according to state of residence where possible, in states with parental notification or consent requirements for minors, the pregnancy and abortion rates may be too low because minors have traveled to other states for
abortion services, and the rates in neighboring states may be too high.
19
Table 3.4 State-specific rates of pregnancy, birth and abortion* among women aged 15–19, by race and ethnicity, 2010
State
Pregnancy rate
NonHispanic
white†
Birthrate
Abortion rate
Black
Hispanic
NonHispanic
white†
NonHispanic
white
Black
Hispanic
Black
Hispanic
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
38
49
43 ‡
47
63
u
100
82
80
60
101
u
84
107
u
82
85
u
24
36
22
24
47
14
51
55
40
40
70
35
56
85
38
60
65
48
9
6
14 ‡
17
6
u
34
15
29
12
16
u
15
4
u
9
6
u
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
33
u
45
u
u
68
u
111
u
u
94
u
84
u
u
19
8
21
2
25
42
32
45
65
52
66
52
55
69
33
8
u
18
u
u
16
u
51
u
u
13
u
16
u
u
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
41
u
40
u
45
89
u
48
u
90
113
u
86
u
80
30
29
27
19
33
53
28
34
61
59
74
62
65
51
60
4
u
7
u
6
23
u
6
u
17
22
u
7
u
7
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
u
42
59
51
37
109
89
84
94
38
u
99
97
u
u
24
31
45
36
22
67
63
57
64
19
70
79
74
62
18
u
4
5
7
10
26
12
14
16
14
u
4
8
u
u
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
u
u
38 ‡
24
56
u
u
110
85
97
u
u
u
87
74
16
11
21
15
44
41
32
61
52
68
53
49
53
64
57
u
u
10 ‡
5
3
u
u
33
21
14
u
u
u
9
6
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
44
46
u
u
u
99
§
u
u
u
70
67
u
u
u
32
29
21
25
16
61
§
67
52
20
56
47
79
56
26
6
10
u
u
u
23
§
u
u
u
3
9
u
u
u
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
u
u
32
40
u
u
u
114
87
§
u
u
101
100
u
8
29
14
28
21
41
42
33
51
§
43
66
42
70
69
u
u
14
6
u
u
u
68
23
§
u
u
47
14
u
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
42
59
39
u
u
106
88
62
u
87
79
97
82
u
u
28
43
22
18
14
63
61
33
63
44
57
75
59
66
51
8
7
12
u
u
28
13
21
u
30
10
7
10
u
u
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
51
u
51
45
u
90
u
95
82
63
87
u
95
98
u
33
23
37
31
20
58
17
60
54
46
63
87
75
74
66
10
u
6
8
u
19
u
21
15
7
11
u
5
9
u
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
32
35
u
64
26
u
40
78
u
79
105
§
29
68
u
48
82
u
19
21
20
46
17
34
19
42
37
42
71
§
10
43
60
30
58
65
9
9
u
8
5
u
16
25
u
27
18
§
16
14
u
11
11
u
*All rates are the number of events per 1,000 women aged 15–19; pregnancy rate includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in
miscarriage or stillbirth. †Includes white births with ethnicity unknown. ‡Pregnancy and abortion rates include abortions obtained by
Hispanic women; in these states, no more than 15% of births to white women aged 15–19 were to Hispanics. Population in
denominator is all white teenagers, regardless of Hispanic ethnicity. §Rate not calculated because population base of women aged
15–19 was less than 500.
Notes: In states with parental notification or consent requirements for minors, pregnancy and abortion rates may be too low because
minors have traveled to other states for abortion services, and rates in neighboring states may be too high. u=unavailable.
20
Table 3.5 Number of pregnancies, births, abortions and miscarriages among women aged 15–19 in each state, by race and ethnicity, 2010
State
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Pregnancies*,†
Births
Abortions*
NonHispanic
white§
NonHispanic
white
232,110
5,060
680 **
4,820
4,320
u
Black
Hispanic
NonHispanic
white§
Black
Hispanic
184,040
4,620
110
860
2,090
u
183,140
700
u
7,360
670
u
145,280
3,658
376 **
2,440
3,209
6,151
94,950
3,080
53
567
1,445
4,122
121,798
555
66
5,411
516
31,580
52,530
610
210 **
1,720
430
u
Miscarriages*,‡
Black
Hispanic
63,730
840
40
170
330
u
33,620
30
u
790
50
u
NonHispanic
white
34,310
790
100 **
660
680
u
Black
Hispanic
25,360
700
10
130
320
u
27,720
110
u
1,160
110
u
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
3,380
u
850
u
u
690
u
1,020
u
u
4,180
u
260
u
u
2,015
631
395
11
7,137
429
595
417
854
7,256
2,951
1,104
171
125
5,098
880
u
340
u
u
160
u
470
u
u
580
u
50
u
u
490
u
110
u
u
100
u
130
u
u
650
u
40
u
u
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
7,020
u
1,800
u
8,280
11,950
u
40
u
2,590
3,610
u
720
u
1,310
5,202
235
1,226
4,796
5,950
7,100
35
28
5,511
1,703
2,369
336
549
4,466
994
700
u
300
u
1,040
3,120
u
††
u
500
700
u
60
u
110
1,110
u
280
u
1,290
1,730
u
10
u
390
540
u
120
u
210
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
u
3,060
7,160
4,330
1,450
570
770
1,320
6,120
40
u
1,290
450
u
u
2,131
2,255
5,442
3,055
856
347
541
897
4,160
20
489
1,030
344
394
16
u
320
580
600
390
140
110
220
1,020
10
u
50
40
u
u
u
480
1,150
670
210
80
120
200
930
10
u
210
70
u
u
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
u
u
10,370 **
3,390
3,090
u
u
7,800
1,220
4,950
u
u
u
930
200
1,608
1,713
6,306 **
2,124
2,408
2,969
805
4,341
734
3,460
892
1,517
1,081
681
153
u
u
2,550 **
760
180
u
u
2,360
300
730
u
u
u
100
20
u
u
1,100
180
760
u
u
u
150
30
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
7,030
1,240
u
u
u
3,360
20
u
u
u
640
90
u
u
u
5,030
789
1,031
966
653
2,089
12
291
563
19
512
65
587
1,770
49
900
270
u
u
u
780
††
u
u
u
30
10
u
u
u
1,100
180
u
u
u
500
††
u
u
u
110
10
u
u
u
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
u
u
11,110
7,560
u
u
u
17,060
8,010
u
u
u
14,300
2,970
u
1,195
624
4,845
5,209
417
2,301
106
4,921
4,709
29
2,579
2,657
5,910
2,099
44
u
u
4,820
1,190
u
u
u
10,140
2,140
u
u
u
6,550
410
u
u
u
1,450
1,160
u
u
u
2,000
1,160
u
u
u
1,840
460
u
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
13,170
4,870
3,550
u
u
7,260
1,280
270
u
370
1,240
1,380
1,690
u
u
8,671
3,537
1,995
5,939
393
4,276
897
140
4,424
190
889
1,062
1,213
2,257
352
2,510
570
1,050
u
u
1,930
190
90
u
130
160
100
210
u
u
1,990
760
500
u
u
1,050
200
40
u
50
190
220
260
u
u
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
4,680
u
7,610
15,490
u
5,190
u
4,710
10,860
130
730
u
990
40,300
u
3,056
507
5,542
10,476
1,738
3,317
10
2,981
7,193
95
522
86
782
30,257
1,084
920
u
880
2,650
u
1,100
u
1,030
2,030
10
90
u
50
3,630
u
700
u
1,200
2,360
u
770
u
700
1,640
20
110
u
160
6,410
u
650
5,710
u
3,420
3,890
u
20
5,380
u
230
2,020
u
20
1,610
u
50
1,190
u
382
3,427
3,047
2,453
2,530
519
10
2,918
486
121
1,366
17
6
1,029
2,091
29
843
136
180
1,450
u
430
770
u
10
1,710
u
80
350
u
10
340
u
10
160
u
90
830
u
530
580
u
††
750
u
30
310
u
††
240
u
10
180
u
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
u
u
1,520 **
500
500
*Rounded to the nearest 10. †Includes estimated number of pregnancies ending in miscarriage or stillbirth. ‡Estimated as 20% of births plus 10% of abortions; includes
stillbirths. §Includes white births with ethnicity unknown. **Numbers include pregnancy outcomes to white women of Hispanic ethnicity. In these states, no more than
15% of births to white women aged 15–19 were to Hispanics. ††Five or fewer abortions or miscarriages/stillbirths.
Notes: Even though abortions have been tabulated according to state of residence where possible, in states with parental notification or consent requirements for
minors, the number of abortions and pregnancies may be too low because minors have traveled to other states for abortion services, and the number in neighboring
states may be too high. u=unavailable.
21
Table 3.6 State-specific population estimates for women aged 15–19, by age-group and by race and ethnicity,
2010
State
Population by age
Population by race or ethnicity
15–19
15–17
18–19
10,701,783
167,574
25,001
223,965
99,318
1,366,152
6,281,162
96,592
15,374
131,673
57,998
808,567
4,420,621
70,982
9,627
92,292
41,320
557,585
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
163,498
121,406
31,803
20,948
594,945
97,168
73,772
17,789
8,474
347,102
66,330
47,634
14,014
12,474
247,843
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
345,957
41,357
56,253
446,389
231,053
204,109
25,088
33,306
268,979
134,208
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
105,240
98,162
144,248
160,308
42,519
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Non-Hispanic
white
Black
Hispanic
1,849,051
56,338
1,336
14,305
20,694
118,617
2,192,030
6,504
1,746
89,713
7,882
657,540
103,559
79,491
18,967
5,646
291,284
10,243
18,839
9,188
13,063
140,342
44,378
21,326
3,097
1,817
154,585
141,848
16,269
22,947
177,410
96,845
170,949
8,012
45,401
252,414
182,097
134,733
1,232
818
90,731
28,799
31,834
5,391
8,460
87,695
16,486
60,193
57,832
84,205
92,758
25,051
45,047
40,330
60,043
67,550
17,468
90,506
73,117
122,188
85,680
39,436
5,196
8,608
15,741
65,184
1,042
6,996
13,076
4,640
6,343
872
197,277
227,358
357,876
178,582
109,855
117,925
126,518
209,574
107,133
63,687
79,352
100,840
148,302
71,449
46,168
99,221
161,808
273,419 *
140,994
54,970
72,268
25,050
70,938
14,234
50,961
16,946
30,779
20,478
10,705
2,692
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
206,046
32,080
62,733
88,181
45,629
120,088
18,959
36,669
53,863
26,606
85,958
13,121
26,064
34,318
19,023
158,138
27,133
49,065
39,019
41,800
34,116
330
4,332
10,871
959
9,225
1,370
7,451
31,650
1,874
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
287,616
72,961
663,944
319,994
22,808
180,253
43,102
385,484
185,145
12,309
107,363
29,859
278,460
134,849
10,499
156,337
21,171
351,110
188,569
19,657
55,990
2,520
149,474
92,176
446
60,446
40,562
140,948
29,815
641
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
400,602
128,638
123,746
440,754
39,698
236,623
74,041
72,223
250,311
20,621
163,979
54,597
51,523
190,443
19,077
310,471
81,847
90,760
327,637
27,760
68,330
14,586
4,267
70,076
4,287
15,606
14,169
20,625
34,374
6,851
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
160,163
27,901
213,363
913,760
109,266
89,946
16,320
124,757
547,600
62,657
70,217
11,581
88,606
366,160
46,609
92,396
22,315
150,236
343,027
85,930
57,527
587
49,388
132,508
2,066
8,338
993
10,459
411,624
16,392
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
22,246
268,716
223,893
57,965
193,589
18,447
12,133
155,867
132,661
32,797
114,436
10,616
10,113
112,849
91,232
25,168
79,153
7,831
20,530
162,735
152,605
53,652
151,647
15,291
533
69,375
13,298
2,911
19,265
333
604
23,836
34,622
967
14,529
2,078
Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
6,162,933
102,298
15,970 *
103,209
68,469
432,990
*Population is all white teenagers, regardless of Hispanic ethnicity.
22
About the Tables
Pregnancies are the sum of births, abortions and miscarriages. Rates are calculated as the number
of events per 1,000 women. Abortion ratios represent the number of abortions divided by the
sum of abortions and births. Please note that in these tables, “age” refers to the woman’s age
when the pregnancy ended. Consequently, the actual number of pregnancies that occurred among
teenagers is higher than what is reported here because most of the women who conceived at age
19 had their births or abortions after they turned 20 and thus were not counted as teenagers.
Likewise, please note that “year” refers to the calendar year in which the birth or abortion
occurred, not when the conception occurred.
The estimates in this report may differ from those found in other sources. First, the data are not
adjusted to reflect women’s age at conception or the year in which she conceived. Second, unlike
other reports, which exclude miscarriages, this one includes estimated numbers and rates of
pregnancies ending in miscarriage. (Pregnancy rates excluding miscarriages can be calculated
from the tables by summing the rates of births and abortions.) The number of miscarriages was
estimated as 20% of births plus 10% of abortions; these proportions attempt to account for
miscarriages that occurred after the pregnancy had lasted long enough to be noticed by the
woman (i.e., 6–7 weeks after her last menstrual period).1 Stillbirths are a very small proportion
of all pregnancies and are included in our estimates of miscarriages. In contrast, the National
Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) estimates miscarriages from survey respondents' reports of
their pregnancies in the five years preceding the fielding of each round of the National Survey of
Family Growth (NSFG).2 Third, the denominator we used in calculating rates among women
younger than 15 is the female population aged 14, because most pregnancies occurring among
these very young teenagers are among 14-year-olds (82% in 2010). The NCHS estimates use
number of women aged 10–14 for the denominator.3 We use the number of women aged 15–19
in the denominator for rates among all women younger than 20 because from 1973–2010, 98–
99% of all pregnancies to women younger than 20 were among those aged 15–19. Finally, our
denominators are based on population estimates that are produced by the Census Bureau, in
collaboration with NCHS, for July 1 of each year and revised periodically. Hence, our rates may
differ slightly from those published elsewhere, depending on which year the population estimates
were made (the “vintage”) or whether the rates have been updated using the intercensal
population estimates available after each national census. We update our rates when the
intercensal estimates are released. For the years 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010, NCHS uses the
April 1 census counts, and we use the July 1 estimates.
National-Level Methodology
The estimates in Tables 1.1 and 2.1–2.6 are based on data from the following sources (exact
sources are listed in the Data Sources section):
 Number of births—NCHS
 Number of abortions—Guttmacher Institute
 Distribution of abortions by age and race or ethnicity—U.S. Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (adjusted by the Guttmacher Institute to ensure year-to-year
comparability)
23

Population estimates—Population Estimates Program of the U.S. Bureau of the Census,
in collaboration with NCHS
A small number of abortions performed between 1972 and 1975 were illegal. This report counts
only legal abortions.
The percentage of 15–19-year-old women who were sexually experienced for the years 1982 and
1988 was obtained from Singh and Darroch.4 Linear interpolation was used to calculate the
percentages for 1986 and 1987. For these two years only, “sexually experienced” was defined as
having ever had sex after menarche. For the percentage of sexually experienced 15–19-year-olds
for 1988–2002, we obtained the proportions of all 15–19-year-olds who had ever had sexual
intercourse in 1988, 1995, 2002 and 2006–2008 from analyses of the NSFG. From 1988 on,
“sexually experienced” is defined as having ever had sex, regardless of whether it occurred
before or after menarche. Linear interpolation was used to calculate the percentages for the
intervening years (1989–1994, 1996–2001 and 2003–2005). For the proportion sexually
experienced in 2009 and 2010, we used data from respondents who were interviewed in the
second half of the 2006–2010 NSFG interview period (from late 2008 through 2010; and
applying the corresponding weights provided in the NSFG). These resulting percentages were
applied to the population totals of 15–19-year-old women in each year to calculate the number
who were sexually experienced.
State-Level Methodology
The estimates in Tables 3.1–3.6 are based on data from the following sources (exact sources are
listed in the Data Sources section):
 Number of births—NCHS
 Total number of abortions to residents of each state—Guttmacher Institute and the CDC
 Tabulations of abortion data by age and race or ethnicity—state health departments
 Population estimates—Population Estimates Program of the U.S. Bureau of the Census,
in collaboration with NCHS
The Guttmacher Abortion Provider Censuses obtain data from all known U.S. abortion providers
and provide the annual numbers of abortions in each state for 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2005,
2008 and 2010. Starting with the number of abortions performed in each state for women of all
ages (residents and nonresidents),5 we reassigned abortions to the woman’s state of residence on
the basis of information collected by state abortion reporting agencies. In 2010, this information
was compiled by the CDC and made available in a table showing, for each state, the state of
residence for each woman who had an abortion in that state.6 Some states, however, do not
collect this information; for these states, we asked a sample of abortion facilities where the
women obtaining abortions said they lived.* The CDC table suppressed any cell with fewer than
50 abortions, so we used the more complete data available from many state health department
Web sites and, where necessary, contacted the states directly for this information. To estimate
the number of nonresidents who had abortions in each state, we applied the percentage
distribution of women having abortions, by state of residence, to our count of the total number of
abortions that took place in each state.
24
Of the state residents having abortions, the proportions who were younger than 15, 15–17 and
18–19 were taken from the CDC Abortion Surveillance Report7 or from tabulations provided to
us by individual states. For states with incomplete or no information on the age of women having
abortions in 2010,† we estimated the proportion of abortions obtained by teenagers by using the
national distribution or the distribution from neighboring states (see notes to tables for statespecific calculation methods). Since there is a high correlation between a state’s overall abortion
rate and the abortion rate among teenagers, our method gives a fair approximation of the number
and rate of abortions among teenagers.
Since the CDC does not release data showing the race or ethnic distributions of teenagers having
abortions by state, we contacted the state health departments for this information or, in a few
states, were able to obtain it from the states’ department of health Web site. The race and ethnic
distributions were then applied to our estimate of the number of abortions obtained by state
residents aged 15–19. We made no estimates for states that did not provide the race or ethnicity
data, or for states with a large proportion of abortions with unknown race or ethnicity; we used a
cut-off of 20%.
Our calculation methods assume that teenagers travel outside their home state for abortion
services in the same proportions as do older women. This assumption may not be valid in states
where minors travel out of state to avoid parental involvement requirements or in the states to
which they travel. For a handful of states, we were able to obtain tabulations of abortions for
residents only (Delaware, Idaho, Indiana, Michigan, Oklahoma and South Carolina).
Interpreting the Data
Because health department abortion statistics are incomplete or nonexistent in some states, care
should be used in interpreting the teenage abortion and pregnancy data. For the states with no
information on the age of women having abortions, the rate of abortion among teenagers was
estimated. Similarly, error is introduced by the assumption that teenagers have abortions out of
state in the same proportions as older women. Therefore, one cannot draw inferences about the
effects of parental involvement requirements on the number of abortions obtained by minors.
Footnotes
*Arizona, Florida, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
Rhode Island and West Virginia. In addition, we assumed that for California, the percentage
(0.5%) and distribution of out-of-state abortions in 2010 were the same as in 1982, the last year
for which this information is available, and combined this with information obtained directly
from a small number of providers in 2010 on the number of abortions provided to residents of
Mexico.
†California, Florida, Maryland, New Hampshire and Wyoming.
25
References
1. Leridon H, Human Fertility: The Basic Components, Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1977, Table 4.20.
2. Ventura SJ et al., Estimated pregnancy rates by outcome for the United States, 1990–2004,
National Vital Statistics Reports, 2008, Vol. 56, No. 15.
3. Ventura SJ et al., Estimated pregnancy rates for the United States, 1990–2005: an update,
National Vital Statistics Reports, 2009, Vol. 58, No. 4.
4. Singh S and Darroch JE, Trends in sexual activity among adolescent women: 1982–1995,
Family Planning Perspectives, 1999, 31(5):212–219, Table 2.
5. Jones RK and Jerman J, Abortion incidence and service availability in the United States, 2011,
Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2014, 46(1):3–14.
6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Abortions distributed by state of maternal
residence and state of clinical service, no date,
<http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/Data_Stats/Abortion.htm>, accessed Nov. 30, 2013.
7. Pazol K et al., Abortion surveillance—United States, 2010, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly
Report, 2013, Vol. 62, No. SS08.
Data Sources
Population
1972–1979: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Preliminary estimates of the population of the United
States, by age, sex and race: 1970–1981, Current Population Reports, 1982, Series P-25, No.
917, Table 2.
1980–1989: U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. population estimates, by age, sex, race and
Hispanic origin: 1980 to 1991, Current Population Reports, 1993, Series P-25, No. 1095, Table
1.
1990-1999: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Intercensal estimates of the July 1,
1990–July 1, 1999, United States resident population by county, single-year of age, sex, bridged
race, and Hispanic origin, file icen_natA1.txt, 2004,
<http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/bridged_race.htm>, accessed Jan. 7, 2010.
2000–2009: NCHS, Intercensal estimates of the July 1, 2000–July 1, 2009 United States resident
population by year, county, age, sex, bridged race, and Hispanic origin, file
icen_state2000_2009.sas7bdat, Oct. 26, 2012,
<http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/bridged_race.htm>, accessed Nov. 11, 2012.
26
2010: NCHS, Estimates of the April 1, 2010, July 1, 2010–July 1, 2012 United States resident
population from the Vintage 2012 postcensal series by year, county, age, sex, bridged race, and
Hispanic origin, file pcen_v2012.txt, June 13, 2013,
<http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/bridged_race.htm>, accessed Mar. 24, 2014.
Births
1972: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 1974,
Vol. 23, No. 8 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1973: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1973, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1975, Vol. 23, No. 11 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1974: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1974, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1976, Vol. 24, No. 11 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1975: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1975, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1976, Vol. 25, No. 10 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1976: NCHS, Final natality statistics, 1976, Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 1978, Vol. 26, No.
12 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1977: NCHS, Final natality statistics, 1977, Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 1979, Vol. 27, No.
11 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1978: NCHS, Final natality statistics, 1978, Monthly Vital Statistics Report, 1980, Vol. 29, No. 1
(Suppl.), Table 2.
1979: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1979, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1981, Vol. 30, No. 6 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1980: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1980, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1982, Vol. 31, No. 8 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1981: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1981, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1983, Vol. 32, No. 9 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1982: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1982, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1984, Vol. 33, No. 6 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1983: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1983, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1985, Vol. 34, No. 6 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1984: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1984, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1986, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Suppl.), Table 2.
27
1985: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1985, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1987, Vol. 36, No. 4 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1986: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1986, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1988, Vol. 37, No. 3 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1987: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1987, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1989, Vol. 38, No. 3 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1988: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics,1988, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1990, Vol. 39, No. 4 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1989: NCHS, Advance report of final natality statistics, 1989, Monthly Vital Statistics Report,
1991, Vol. 40, No. 8 (Suppl.), Table 2.
1990–2010: NCHS, Tables of final births by mother’s age, race and Hispanic ethnicity from the
National Vital Statistics System, no date,
<http://205.207.175.93/VitalStats/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx>, accessed Mar. 24, 2014.
Abortions
1972: CDC, Abortion Surveillance: 1972, Atlanta: CDC, 1974.
1973–1988: Henshaw SK and Van Vort J, eds., Abortion Factbook, New York: The Alan
Guttmacher Institute, 1992, Table 1, p. 172.
1989–2010: Unpublished data based on the national total number of abortions from the
Guttmacher Abortion Provider Surveys, Guttmacher estimates for nonsurvey years (1989, 1990,
1993, 1994, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2009) and the adjusted age distribution of
abortions from the CDC. Tabulations of the distribution of abortions by state of residence, age,
race and ethnicity provided by state health departments and the CDC’s annual abortion
surveillance reports.
Sexually experienced women
1982 and 1988: Singh S and Darroch JE, Trends in sexual activity among adolescent women:
1982–1995, Family Planning Perspectives, 1999, 31(5):212–219, Table 2.
1988, 1995, 2002, 2006–2010: Special tabulations of data from the National Survey of Family
Growth.
Data source for 1988 pregnancy, birth and abortion rates (Table 3.3)
Henshaw SK, Teenage abortion, birth and pregnancy statistics by state, 1988, Family Planning
Perspectives, 1993, 25(3):122–126.
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