p
ii
DOCUMENT
OREGON
Industrial and City
Wastes
By
FRED MERRYFIELD
W. B. BOLLEN
F. G. KACHELHOFFER
Bulletin Series
No. 22
March 1947
Cooperating A
Ic
Oregon State Sanita
League of Oreg
i
Engineering Experiment Station
Engineering Experiment Station
Oregon State System of Higher Education
Oregon State College
THE Oregon State Engineering Experiment Station was
established by act of the Board of Regents of the College
on May 4, 1927. It is the purpose of the Station to serve the
state in a manner broadly outlined by the following policy:
(1)To stimulate and elevate engineering education by
developing the research spirit in faculty and students.
(2) To serve the industries, utilities, professional engineers, public departments, and engineering teachers by making
investigations of interest to them.
(3) To publish and distribute by bulletins, circulars, and
technical articles in periodicals the results of such studies, surveys, tests, investigations, and researches as will be of greatest
benefit to the people of Oregon, and particularly to the state's
industries, utilities, and professional engineers.
To make available the results of the investigations conducted by the Station three types of publications are issued.
These are:
(1) Bulletins covering original investigations.
(2) Circulars giving compilations of useful data.
(3) Reprints giving more general distribution to scientific
papers or reports previously published elsewhere, as for example, in the proceedings of professional societies.
Single copies of publications are sent free on request to
residents of Oregon, to libraries, and to other experiment
stations exchanging publications. As long as available, additional copies, or copies to others, are sent at prices covering
cost of printing. The price of this bulletin is 40 cents.
For copies of publications or for other information address
Oregon State Engineering Experiment Station,
Corvallis, Oregon
Industrial and City Wastes
By
FRED MERRYFIELD
Professor of Sanitary Engineering
W. B. BOLLEN
Associate Professor of Bacteriology
Associate Bacteriologist, Agricultural Experiment Station
F. C. KACHELHOFFER
Instructor in Sanitary Engineering
Bulletin Series,
No. 22
March 1947
Cooperating Agencies
Oregon State Sanitary Authority
League of Oregon Cities
Engineering Experiment Station
Engineering Experiment Station
Oregon State System of Higher Education
Oregon State College
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I.
Introduction
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.Foreword
5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5
Authorization ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5
Acknowledgments
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6
Previous Work ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7
Present Work ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7
II. Methods of Study --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8
1. Industrial Waste Sampling ------------------------------------------------------------------
8
2.
3.
4.
5.
2. City Sewage Sampling ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10
3. Tests
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10
III.Results ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15
1. Industrial Wastes ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
2. City Wastes ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
IV. Conclusions .........................................
20
1. Industrial Wastes ...............
20
A. Wood Industries
..........
20
B. Food Processing
.........
20
C. Textiles .........................
21
D. Manufacturing
21
2. City Wastes
.........................
22
3. General ...................................
22
V. Appendix
Table 1. List of Canneries and Their Products ---------------------------------- 25
Table 2. Oregon Cannery Pack, 1945-46 ---------------------------------------------- 33
Table 3. List of Animal and Meat Processing Plants ...................... 35
Table 4. Analyses of Industrial Wastes ................................................ 39
Table 5. Correlation of BOD with Analytical Data ........................ 42
Table 6. Analyses of City Sewages ---------------------------------------------------------- 43
Table 7. Quantitative Flows of City Sewages -------------------------------------- 44
DEDICATION
This bulletin is dedicated to the city crews and
others who worked long and weary hours to turn their
labor into this report with its words and its tables of
it is particularly dedicated to a team of
youngsters, 70 to 75 years old, who were so spry as
arithmetic,
they moved quickly from point to point sampling sew-
age through a maze of traffic that they left a pho-
tographer gasping. Twelve hours a day they worked
under wartime pressures to make these and other
notes ready for their state when peace returned.
And to an 82-year-old gentleman, former
newspaper editor, who faithfully sampled, and in
meticulous hand, recorded the hourly flow of his town's
waste so that the kids might swim in the river again.
We picture him now on a warm August night in this
valley, when most of his townsfolk were asleep, sitting
in his boyish shelter made of slats and canvas on his
lawn, among his old and graceful trees, their limbs
outlined by a light hanging from a branch. . . . The
trees sway with the wind and the light casts shadows
on his notebook, clock, bucket, rope, and stick. The
alarm ringshe picks up his tools, removes the manhole cover nearby. Down goes the bucket, up comes
the waste. Poured, measured, he washes his hands
with the garden hose, and writes in his notes the love
of the river he has known so long.
To these men in particular we respectfully dedicate
this bulletin.
; )-:
fr
.
Industrial and City Wastes
By
FRED MERRYFIELD
Professor of Sanitary Engineering
W. B. BOLLEN
Associate Professor of Bacteriology
Associate Bacteriologist, Agricultural Experiment Station
F. C. KACHELHOFFER
Instructor in Sanitary Engineering
I. INTRODUCTION
1. Foreword. The material contained in this report amplifies
the data on municipal and industrial wastes which were presented in
Bulletin No. 19, and will be of extreme interest to state and municipal
authorities, industries, engineers, sportsmen, and the public. It confirms the fact that the problem of stream purification is not one for
which simple solutions are readily available. This information will
provide the Sanitary Authority with a useful guide on which its
pollution control activities can be based.
The cooperation of municipalities and industries in the studies
is to be commended. Without their ready and willing assistance, the
task of carrying this work to a successful conclusion would have
been extremely difficult. Their interest in the surveys has been a
stimulus to the stream conservation program in Oregon, and will
prove helpful in the restoration of our waters to their reasonable and
natural use. To the citizen who is primarily interested in the general
welfare of the state, it has been an indication that if the varied interests can work together to determine the magnitude of problems,
they can be depended upon to seek a satisfactory solution.
It is to be hoped that when more favorable conditions prevail,
the construction of treatment and disposal facilities for both municipal and industrial wastes will be undertaken without further delay.
CURTISS M. EvERTS, JR.
Oregon State Sanitary Authority
State Sanitary Engineer, Secretary
April 10, 1947
2. Authorization. On July 5, 1945, the Oregon State Sanitary
Authority authorized the Engineering Experiment Station to proceed
with special stream pollution studies in accordance with a program
proposed by them. A special appropriation of $5,800 was made
available to the Authority by the Forty-third Legislative Assembly
and was used for this purpose. Bulletin No. 22 and part of another
to follow are the result of studies carried on under this authorization.
6
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
3. Acknowledgments. The study and report were compiled
under the general supervision of S. H. Graf, Director of the Engineering Experiment Station, and Kenneth H. Spies, Acting State
Sanitary Engineer and Secretary of the State Sanitary Authority at
the time the investigations were undertaken. The cooperation of
Mr. H. F. Wendel, Chairman of the State Sanitary Authority, Mr.
Curtiss M. Everts, Jr., State Sanitary Engineer, Mr. Kenneth H.
Spies, formerly Acting State Sanitary Engineer and now Associate
Sanitary Engineer, and other members of the staff of the State Sanitary Authority is deeply appreciated. Messrs. Eugene J. Guldeman,
Matt Mimms, and Hallett Spring were responsible for some of the
field sampling and laboratory analyses under the direction of the
authors. Sampling and collection of city data were carried out by
city crews under the direction of Harold C. McCrea, City Manager
of Coos Bay, J. A. Parrish, City Recorder of Myrtle Point, Victor
R. Kern, City Manager of Monmouth, and W. S. Chambers, City
Councilman of Brownsville.
Waste samples were obtained with the cooperation of the following industries:
Western Oregon Packing Company
Eugene Fruit Growers Association
Apple Growers Association
Spencer Packing Company
Farmer's Co-op. Creamery
Benton County Flax Association
Rogers Canning Company
Smith Packing Company
Pendleton Woolen Mills
Hunt Brothers Packing Company
Oregon Fruit Products Company
Reid Murdoch Company
Blue Lake Corporation
Field Laboratory Division
Corvallis
Eugene
Hood River
Lebanon
McMinnville
Monroe
Milton
Pendleton
Pendleton
Salem
Salem
Salem
West Salem
U.S.D.A.
Mr. Herman Kehrli, Executive Secretary of the League of
Oregon Cities, gave generous help and cooperation.
Thanks are due members of the staff of Oregon State College,
particularly Dean G. W. Gleeson, Professors C. A. Mockmore and
Joseph Schulein of the Engineering School; Professor E. C. Gilbert,
Chairman of the Department of Chemistry; Mr. C. H. Bryant,
Curator of Chemistry Department Laboratories; Mr. E. G. Nelson,
Associate Agronomist, U. S. Department of Agriculture; and Pro-
fessors E. H. Wiegand, T. Onsdorff, and E. M. Litwiller of the
Food Technology Department.
INDUSTRIAL AND CITY WASTES
7
Apologies are due for the lateness of this bulletin, but the end
of hostilities, record student enrollments, laboratory displacement,
and other factors beyond control of the authors made it difficult to
complete the work.
4. Previous work. Previous results on industrial and city
wastes have been reported by the Engineering Experiment Station
in Bulletins 7 and 19, and mention has been made of some industrial
waste problems in Bulletins 1, 2, 6, and 20. For all practical purposes Bulletin 7, published in 1936, referred to the specific industrial
wastes of the pulp and paper industry and wastes of the flax industry.
Bulletin 19 referred to a few wastes of the canning industries,
though the major effort was concentrated on the city wastes and the
condition of the Willamette River.
5. Present work. This bulletin is a report on the continuation
of part of the pollution studies of 1944, extended in the summer and
fall of 1945 and in early 1946. During that period studies were
made on the wastes of the canning industries and the few cities which
did not have opportunity to cooperate in 1944 and were therefore not
reported in Bulletin 19, 1945.
The work carried on by the Station since the completion of the
work reported in Bulletin 19 was divided into Projects 62 and 63.
Purposes of Project 62 were to obtain more basic information on the
character of industrial and domestic wastes for the State of Oregon,
to acquaint industry with the extent of its disposal problem, and to
furnish cities with information on their domestic wastes and data on
industries within their city limits.
This work consisted of: (a) Investigation of the domestic
wastes of Coos Bay, Myrtle Point, Monmouth, and Brownsville.
(b) Investigation of the seasonal wastes of canneries, flax, and
several other industries in the State. (c) An attempt to determine
methods of treatment of some of the industrial wastes. This part of
the research was temporarily deferred because of lack of time
and funds.
Project 63 was divided into three parts: (a) Two separate in-
vestigations in August and September, 1945, of the stored waters
behind Cottage Grove and Fern Ridge dams. The former dam
stores water of the Coast Fork of the Willamette River, and the
latter dam stores the water of the Long Tom River, a direct tributary of the Willamette River. (b) A survey of the Willamette and
South Santiam Rivers to determine the ability of these streams to
reaerate themselves during the low flow period in August and September. (c) Weekly sampling and testing of the Willamette River
and its tributaries at the stations listed in Bulletins 2 and 19.
8
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
Funds for Projects 62 and 63-c were furnished by the Oregon
State Sanitary Authority and the Engineering Experiment Station,
and Project 63-a and b was financed by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife
Service together with the above-mentioned State Agencies. Results
of Project 63 are to be published in a later bulletin.
II. METHODS OF STUDY
1. Industrial waste sampling. Industrial wastes are acknowledged to be the larger and stronger sources of pollution of the
Willamette and several other rivers in the State. The disconcerting
fact concerning these wastes is their variety both in quality and
quantity throughout the year. This is particularly true of such seasonal industries as the canneries, other food processing plants, flax
retting plants, and in the nonseasonal woolen and linen mills.
Such industries as pulp and paper manufacture have been adequately enumerated and discussed in Bulletin 7, 1936. The flax industry, a seasonal process, has increased its flax production several
fold since 1936. A list of flax plants and their tank capacity is unavailable. Locations of canneries and allied plants as listed by the
Northwest Canners' Association for 1946, are shown in Table 1.
This table also states the kinds of products processed. A summary
of the quantities packed by these organizations for 1945 and 1946 is
contained in Table 2. A list of animal and meat processing plants is
shown in Table 3. This list was furnished by Mr. M. E. Knickerbocker, Chief of Division of Animal Industry, State Department of
Agriculture.
Large tonnages of pears, apples, prunes, and certain vegetables
are canned in the Pacific Northwest, some of which are peculiar to
this area. In addition, canning practices vary from place to place.
This is particularly true in the quantity of water used.
Since the problem of obtaining representative samples from
industry is difficult and costly, it was hoped that minor experiments
on these samples might also be carried out to determine what treatment might be necessary to reduce the pollutional load on the rivers.
This part of the project was deferred because so many different
samples were collected that the laboratory was completely occupied
with testing them for their strength. The samples were stored at
10 F to prevent loss of the samples, but even this expedient did
not allow the laboratory staff to make such treatment experiments in
addition to their duties in connection with Projects 62 and 63. While
some work has been carried on by the industry itself in the cannery
INDUSTRIAL AND CITY WASTES
9
wastes and investigations have been made in other states, there is
much work to be done on wastes peculiar to Oregon and the
Northwest.
It was not possible to collect samples from each industry, due
to their great number, and so representative groups were chosen
from each industry. Wherever permission was sought to sample an
industry's waste, the particular industry granted such request. There
is no question that all of the cannery, flax, and woolen establishments would have shown an equally fine cooperative spirit if a request
had been made of each one. The canneries and industry at large
were faced with severe labor and material shortages throughout the
sampling period. Unprecedented demands were being made on industry in the war effort and naturally the managements of such concerns could not devote as much time as they might have wished to
provide help in the sampling periods. These Oregon manufacturing
plants did, however, demonstrate their willingness to face the waste
disposal problem, and if coordination of these efforts could be
achieved, much time and money could be saved.
Two factors are pertinent in any waste research study: First,
the character of the waste, and second, the amount of liquid waste
per unit of material produced. It would seem that an investigation
of such wastes is a relatively simple matter, but unfortunately it is
impossible in some instances to obtain such information without
excessive extra cost.
In order to determine the character of the waste, it is essential
that the sample or samples collected be representative of the waste
throughout the day. If the manufacturing process is continuous,
parts of the individual processes may be discontinuous. Such processes, often called "batch processes," will change the quality of the
waste, and it is impossible in large plants to know when such batches
are being dumped except in mills where the batch is dumped once or
twice a day. At times throughout the day where five or six conveyor
lines are dumping wastes into the sewer, one of the lines may stop
for repairs or for lack of materials, and there is no practical method
of knowing at the sampling plant when such things happen. The
most difficult problem of all is to segregate the wastes of catch samples at a point where the waste is of one type only. Many plants,
canneries, woolen mills, creameries, and others discharge their wastes
from several machines into a common sewer which has been covered
over by earth, concrete, or planking. The management tsually has
no blueprints available to locate special manholes or individual sewer
lines, and usually the time spent in looking for such aids could be
used to more advantage in obtaining samples.
10
ENGINEERING 1X1'ERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
Since the wastes are usually organic and tend to decompose
rapidly, it is important that waste collected be kept cold until the
sampling is finished and it can be taken to the laboratory for analysis.
Unfortunately, not only the quality of the waste changes, but the
quantity also changes at the same time. ft is therefore necessary to
measure the flow wherever the opportunity is presented. To measure
the quantity is even more (lifficult than to determine the quality.
Every technique had to he drawn upon in order that some estimate
of the flow could be made. This estimate was necessary for not only
the prime purpose of expressing the quantity of waste per unit of
material produced, but also for representative sampling. It is necessary to collect, for quantitative analysis, samples in proportion to the
flow. In few industries was it possible at that time to measure the
amount of flow by weir or direct volume, therefore repeated float
tests were made to estimate velocities. Curves were drawn of quantity versus depth. Samples were then collected at short period inter-
valsfifteen minutes or less, for two or three hours---when it had
been established that prodpction in the plant was as normal as could
be expected. Considerable time was lost because of lack of labor,
material shortages, and occasional breakdowns. in several instances
field crews arrived at a plant only to find it shut down fcr one of the
foregoing causes. The composited samples were iced and delivered
to the laboratory the same day whenever possible. Pea wastes from
Eastern Oregon were brought by truck directly to the laboratory
without delay.
2. City sewage sampling. Sampling of city sewage was made
at hourly intervals throughout the 24-hour period, and the volume
of each sample was in proportion to the flow at that time. These
composite samples were collected at hourly intervals throughout a
24-hour period in the manner described in Bulletin 19, p 55-57. In
collecting samples at Coos Bay, samples were collected at low tide.
At Monmouth a weir was installed in the influent channel of the
sewage treatment plant and the head was recorded hourly. Float
tests and depth measurements were made at Myrtle Point but the
tide at Coos Bay prevented reasonable estimates of the flow in the
sewers there.
3. Tests.
The following laboratory tests were carried out on
the industrial wastes
A. Biological oxygen demand (BOD)
B. Hydrogen ion concentration (pH)
C. Settleable solids
1). Alkalinity
INDUSTRIAL AN!) Crrv WASTES
11
E. Acidity
F. Chlorides
G. Total solids
H. Suspended solids
I. Volatile solids
J. Dissolved solids
K. Carbohydrates
I . Total carbon
M. Nitrogen
Many of the industrial samples were stored at 10 F and
analyzed at later (kites when the laboratory could handle the tests in
a more orderly manner. A description of the first ten tests (A-J inclusive) is given in Bulletin 19, and reference here should be made
to pages 17-25 of that publication. Lee and Nichols dilution water
was used on all BOD tests on industrial wastes. (Lea & Nichols,
Influence of Substrate on BOD, SWJ 8, 435, 1936.)
CARBOHYDRATES
REDUCING SUGARS. The Shaffer-Sornogyi method as outlined
by Heinze and Murneek (Comparative Accuracy and Efficiency in
Determination of Carbohydrates in Plant Material. Fleinze, P. H.,
and Murneek, A. F.., 1940. Mo Agr Exp Sta Rsh Bul 314) was
employed to determine reducing sugars. Capacity of the copperiodometric reagent "50" was increased by raising the copper sulfate
content to 1.0 per cent and the potassium iodide to 0.5 per cent.
Titrations were made with 0.02 N sodium thiosulfate solution from
a burette graduated to 0.05 cc and dtiplicates were checked within
±0.05 cc, corresponding to 5 ppm sugar with a 10 cc sample. Preliminary treatment of blended subsamples was varied according to
concentration.
DILUTE WASTES, SI! OWING LITTLE OR NO SUSI'ENDED MATTER.
A 50 cc portion of sample was placed in a 100 cc volumetric flask
and clarified with zinc hydroxide by adding 10 cc of 10 per cent
ZnSO4 7 H20 and 10 cc 0.5N NaOH. (Browne, C. A. and Zerban, F. W., 1941. Sugar Analysis, P 890-891. John Wiley & Sons,
New York.) After mixing and making to volume the solution was
filtered through paper. Residual zinc ion was removed by adding a
few fine crystals of NaCO3, followed by shaking and filtering prior
to analysis. (Benedict, S. K., Jl Bio Chem 92, p 141-159, 1931. The
analysis of whole blood. II. The (letermination of sugar and saccharoids.)
Reducing sugar was determined on 10 cc aliquots of clarified
With sugar concentrations over 500
smaller aliquots or
filtrate.
fl1
12
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
suitable dilutions were employed. When less than 25 ppm sugar
were found, the determination was repeated on a ten-fold concentration of sample.
To'FAL SUGARS. A 25 cc aliquot of the clarified filtrate used for
reducing sugar was adjusted to pH 4.5, using bromcresolgreen indicator, and inverted with 1 cc invertase (Difco) for 1 hour at 25 C.
The solution was made up to 50 cc and reducing sugars were determined on aliquots as already described.
CONCENTRATED WASTES. Sugars were extracted with 80 per cent
alcohol. A 25 g sample was transferred to a 400 cc beaker with 200
cc 95 per cent ethanol; assuming the sample contained approximately
99 per cent water, the resulting solution was 80 per cent alcohol by
weight. The beaker was covered with a watch glass and boiled on a
water bath for two to three minutes. The solution was filtered
through a fritted glass crucible and the residue washed five times
with 10 cc portions of 80 per cent alcohol. The residue was reserved for starch determination. The alcoholic filtrate was evaporated till free from alcohol, adding small portions of water from
time to time. The solution was then transferred to a 100 cc volumetric flask, clarified with zinc hydroxide, and analyzed for reducing
sugar as previously described. Total sugars were determined on
the clarified filtrate as outlined under dilute wastes.
STARCH.
The residue from the alcohol extraction was trans-
ferred to a beaker with 20 to 25 cc cold water and evaporated to dry-
ness on a steam bath to remove alcohol. Then 10 cc water were
added and the beaker was covered and placed on the steam bath for
30 minutes. After cooling, digestion was effected by adding 1 cc of
1 per cent malt diastase (Merck) solution and incubating at 37.5 C
for 15 minutes. The digest was heated to boiling, filtered through
fritted glass, washed with hot water, and made up to 100 cc. Reducing sugar was determined on suitable aliquots.
TOTAL CARBON
Total carbon was determined by dry combustion. Samples of
heavy wastes were weighed directly in porcelain boats, while with
dilute wastes five or ten cc samples were used. After evaporation to
dryness on a steam plate, the residue was covered with 60-mesh
alundum and burned in a stream of oxygen in a combustion furnace
at 950 C. Evolved CO2 was absorbed in a Turner bulb containing
ascarite and weighed. Total carbon CO2 X 0.273.
INDUSTRIAL AND CITY WASTES
13
NITROGEN
Kjeldahl nitrogen was determined by a modification of the Gunning-Arnold procedure (Official and Tentative Methods of Analysis.
6th ed, p 27, Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, 1945)
using 10 g Hibbard's mixture. Distilled ammonia was absorbed in
saturated boric acid solution and titrated with N/14 H2SO4 in the
presence of methyl red-bromcresolgreen indicator.
NITRATE NITROGEN. Nitrate nitrogen was determined by the
phenoldisulfonic acid method (previous AOAC citation, p 631) on
aliquots of sample clarified by zinc hydroxide. Nitrate nitrogen was
determined on the clarified filtrate by the a-napthylamine-sulfanilic
acid method (previous AOAC citation, p 631).
AMMONIA.
Ammonia was determined by distilling 50 cc sam-
ples with phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 (Nichols, M. S. and Foote,
M. E., Distillation of Free Ammonia Nitrogen from Buffered Solutions, md & Eng Chem Anal ed 3, p 311-313, 1931). Absorption
and titration was carried out as for Kjeldahl nitrogen.
CARBON AND NITROGEN IN RELATION TO
BOD.
The BOD problem is a nutritional problem involving utilization
and decomposition of organic pollutional wastes by microorganisms.
Of the various factors involved, dissolved oxygen, carbon content of
substrate, and available nitrogen are most significant as affecting rate
and extent of decomposition. Growth and multiplication of the bacteria and other microorganisms require an assortment of the food elements characteristic of protoplasm in general. Among these elements,
carbon and nitrogen are prominent for two reasons: (1) Microbial
cell substance (dry basis) is composed of 45 to 55 per cent carbon
and 5 to 10 per cent nitrogen, these two elements thus comprising a
major part of the tissues; (2) supply of these two elements in assimilable form largely determines the growth or crop yield and the kind
or succession of organisms which develops. If either carbon or
nitrogen falls below nutritional requirements, growth is accordingly
retarded. Other food requirements, occasionally excepting phosphate, are in general adequately met when the carbon is supplied from
biological sources.
Carbon acquires additional, and from the quantitative standpoint, major importance in heterotrophic nutrition because it is
oxidized as the sole source of energy in catabolism. To synthesize
one part of carbon in tissue, the microbial cell must oxidize three to
ten parts for energy and requires approximately 0.1 part nitrogen, the
14
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
proportion varying with kind of microorganism and condition of
Under aerobic conditions bacteria assimilate almost 10 per
cent of the substrate carbon; anaerobically as little as 1 per cent may
be assimilated because anaerobic oxidations are less complete and
therefore less efficient in providing energy for synthesis.
Practically the BOD problem can be considered from the standpoint of complete oxidation and maximum free oxygen requirement.
In the presence of sufficient dissolved oxygen aerobic decomposition
can proceed and be complete; if dissolved oxygen is limited or absent, as in the presence of heavy pollutional loads, anaerobic oxidation will occur and by-products susceptible to further oxidation will
accumulate. Eventually these by-products will be completely oxidized
when, sooner or later, dissolved oxygen is again available. Whether
the decomposition is aerobic, rapid and complete, or whether it is
partly anaerobic and partly aerobic, occurring more or less stepwise
and perhaps quite prolonged, it eventually becomes complete and the
same amount of dissolved oxygen will be required in either case.
If available nitrogen in proportion to available carbon is limited,
growth.
the decomposition is slowed down to the rate determined by the
amount of nitrogenous cell substance that can be synthesized, includ-
ing repartition of the microbial nitrogen. Death and autolysis of
the cells liberate nitrogen compounds that can be utilized by subsequent generations but the growth rate, if dependent on this, is limited
accordingly.
While the figures for total carbon indicate the ultimate BOD,
the proportion of total nitrogen shows whether or not the decomposition may be limited in rate. This important relationship between
carbon and nitrogen is known as the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N).
It is a dominant factor controlling organic decomposition in soils,
and when the C/N ratio of the organic matter is wide, addition of
available nitrogen increases respiration. (Bollen, W. B. Soil respiration studies on the decomposition of native organic matter. Iowa
State College JI Science, 15, p 353-374, 1941).
For plant tissue, C/N ranges from 20 or 30 to 1 in legume hay
to 80 or 100 to I in cereal straw. All gradations between these extremes may be found in vegetable residues. Fruits, such as apples
and pears, are relatively high in carbohydrates and have a wide ratio;
grains and seeds generally are high in protein and have a narrow
ratio. The ratio of cells of microorganisms is narrower and more
constant, falling between 1/5 to 1/10 according to kind and age.
Bacteria are higher in protein than are molds; however, young active
cells of all microorganisms have a similar and relatively more narrow
ratio which explains their high nitrogen requirements.
INDUSTRIAL AND CITY WASTES
15
As decomposition of pollutional waste goes on, organic residues
are thoroughly worked over and eventually completely oxidized by a
succession of microorganisms. Large amounts of energy are required for the rapid synthesis concomitant with the multiplication of
the microorganisms. This results in dissipation of much carbon as
carbon dioxide and a rapid mineralization of the organic matter as
long as the C/N ratio is wide. Nitrogen is in great demand and is
rapidly synthesized into microbial tissue. If present in stifficient proportion to available carbon the activity proceeds at a maximum rate,
as long as nitrogen is available and as long as other factors, especially
dissolved oxygen, are not limiting. As the process goes on, the pro-
portion of carbon in the substrate decreases rapidly and the C/N
ratio becomes much narrower, approaching that of the microorganisms themselves. The organic end product is humus, consisting
largely of dead microbial cells and resistant residues, particularly
lignin.
Since many of the wastes chosen for study in this investigation
would obviously be high in carbohydrate and low in nitrogen, the
BOD determinations were made with the ammonia supplemented
mineralized phosphate-buffered dilution water of Lea and Nichols
(Lea, M. W., and Nichols, M. S. Influence of substrate on biochemical oxygen demand. Sew Wks JI 8, p 435-447, 1936). Ruchhoft (Ruchhoft, C. C., Report on the cooperative study of dilution
waters made for the Standard Methods Committee of the Federation
of Sewage Works Associations. Sew Wks Jl 13, p 669-680, 1941)
reports that this water is superior for the determination of BOD on
nitrogen-deficient wastes and is satisfactory for other types of pollution. Water from receiving streams was not used because it would
introduce chemical and biological variables.
Seeding with sewage or river water was not employed since it
has been shown (Sawyer, C. N., and Williamson, A. E., The selection of a dilution water for the determination of the BOD of industrial wastes. Sew Wks Jl 14, p 1000-1020, 1942) that natural seeding from the air, even though very limited may yield uniform and
dependable BOD results on carbohydrate solutions.
III. RESULTS
1. Industrial wastes. Water borne industrial wastes in Oregon are varied, but the greatest proportion of them can be classified
under the following product headings.
WooD. Pulp, paper, sawmill, and alcohol.
FooD AND BYPRODUcTS. Canned, frozen, dehydrated or
packed fruits and vegetables; dairy products; meat and
16
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
poultry packing; cereal manufacture; seafood preparation, freezing, and canning; and animal rendering
plants.
BEVERAGE.
Soft drinks and wastes from breweries and
distilleries.
TEXTILES. Woolens and linens.
Wastes from oil, soap, paint,
gas, plating and metal fabrications, chemical products.
MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS.
It can be seen from the foregoing that, with the exception of
manufacturing, the basic raw material from which the product is
made is organic in content. This material grown on land or in the
sea contains carbohydrates and nitrogenous matter incorporated with
mineral matter.
In any processing plant three general methods of production are
followed: the batch system, the continuous system, and the integrated batch or continuous systems. The latter systems are employed
in most industries since at some stage of manufacture it is necessary
to treat the material to be processed in bulk form. Pulp mills and
canneries, while apparently continuous in nature, use the batch
process in part of their operation. For this reason it is rather difficult
in the larger plants to obtain representative samples of the wastes
from the material produced. Many of the wastes are water conveyed and the water used is usually of excellent quality, since the
quality of the water has rather an important effect on the quality of
product. Because of this reason, and since water of good quality
has little or no organic demand, as expressed by the biochemical
oxygen demand, the strength of the waste produced is usually ex-
pressed in pounds of oxygen for 5 days or 20 days per unit of
product, whatever amount of water is used in producing such a
unit. For example, it is quite common practice to express the amount
of pulp produced by a pulp mill in tons per day, and therefore it is
logical to express the strength of the waste from a sulfite pulp mill
in pounds of 5 or 20 day oxygen demand per ton of pulp. Even
using this means of expression for organic strength, considerable
variation in samples is noted in the same plant and in other plants
processing the same materials. This is particularly true in the cannery, meat packing, and related industries where the raw product
varies both in quality and size. The amount of water varies decidedly
between similar plants and in the same plant, depending on its availability and cost.
While every effort was made to obtain representative samples,
considerable difficulty was encountered. Many of the industrial
sewers discharged their wastes into city sewers where the waste was
INDUSTRIAL AND CITY WASTES
17
mixed with city sewage at the next manhole. There is a natural
tendency on the part of the designers and constructors of many industrial plants to discharge condenser water in large volumes to
keep the sewers clean or to dispose of such waste easily. This is
unfortunate in many respects, since it makes the problem of sampling extremely uncertain, and if waste treatment is undertaken at the
plant or in conjunction with a city, larger and more costly tank
volume will need to be provided. There is a mistaken belief that
such condenser water dilution is an aid in sewage treatment. A review of Figure 12, p 37, Bulletin 19, published by this Station, shows
that even the Willamette River is not a large enough diluting body
of water for all the industries and cities along its banks. From the
above observation it would seem more economical to discharge the
condenser water which has little or no oxygen demand and is nontoxic, either directly into the river or its tributaries, or directly into
the storm sewers of the city.
It is not to be inferred from the above statement that water used
in washing fruit or vegetables, which has a relatively large oxygen
demand, should also be dumped into such courses. There is another
mistaken belief that such wash water or screened waste waters used
to convey fruit and vegetables have no effect on the rivers and
streams. Such is not the case, since practically all such waters are
now drained directly or indirectly into the Willamette or other rivers,
and the depreciation of streams in Oregon since 1929 can be attributed to industrial and city growth. The former is unquestionably the
greater contributor to this degeneration.
Another means of expressing industrial waste load is to state
the strength of the waste in terms of population. This term "population equivalent" has been used for some time, and while it does not
present an entirely true picture it can be used as one criterion, along
with others, to express waste quality.
Figure 1 shows the kind and location of the main industrial
plants which contribute wastes directly or indirectly into the streams
of the State, with the exception of mining, dredging, and wood processing. Bulletin No. 7 covers the pulp and paper mill industry.
Table 1 lists the cannery industries, locations, and types of food
processed.
Table 2 lists the yearly packs of the fruit and vegetables for Ore-
gon in 1943 and 1946; for Oregon and Washington in 1945 and
1946; and for 1942-1946 for Oregon and Washington combined.
Table 3 gives the geographical distribution of the meat processing industry in Oregon in 1946.
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
18
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WASHINGTON
TLLAMoTY 7J)T
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I.WALDPORT
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LOCATION OF INDUSTRIES
AND
RELATED PRODUCTS
LEGEND
ROSEBUR
CMBIERIES ------PACKING ------FROZEN PRODUCTS---PROCESSED FOODS--- -C
VITAMIN OILS
CARBONATED BEVERAGES
FLAX RETTING --------
p
Figure 1.
FALLS
LOCATIONS OF INDUSTRIAL PLANTS.
The results of the laboratory analyses of industrial wastes in
1945 and 1946 are shown in considerable detail in Table 4. Data for
nitrites, nitrates, and ammonia are omitted. Nitrites, where found,
were in concentrations less than 1 ppm. Nitrates were found in only
one sample; this was pea waste to which sodium nitrate was added
for odor control. Ammonia nitrogen was found in many samples
but in few instances did this exceed 5 ppm. Kjeldahl nitrogen in
most instances accounted for practically all nitrogen reported under
total nitrogen.
The strength of the several wastes is expressed as BOD for
5- and 20-day periods. Where reliable measurements of the pack and
quantity of waste were obtainable, this oxygen demand has been expressed as population equivalent per 100 cases or per ton of material
processed. Theriault's investigations on the BOD of strictly domestic sewage, published in Public Health Bulletin 173, indicates that
INDUSTRIAL AND CITY WASTES
19
about 0.17 lb of atmospheric oxygen dissolved in water was required
to satisfy the 5-day per capita oxygen demand. Combined sewage,
free from industrial wastes, requires about 0.24 lb per capita per day
for the same period.
2. City wastes. The results of the tests made on city sewages
are shown in Table 6. The city of Brownsville is not included in this
list since only a small part of the city is adequately sewered.
The tests were made on 24-hour composite samples, gathered by
city sampling crews at regular intervals of one hour, except in the
case of Coos Bay, where hourly samples were obtained at low tide.
The composite samples taken in proportion to flow were iced and
tested immediately upon receipt at the laboratory. Sampling and
testing were carried on during the dry weather period from July 16
to September 21, 1945. The table shows the average, maximum, and
minimum results for the period in which 19 daily samples were obtained. Interpretation of the data shown in Table 6 with daily data
included has been filed in report form with the city concerned and
the State Sanitary Engineer for the State Sanitary Authority.
Records of flow of sewage by means of a 12-inch suppressed
rectangular weir were obtained at the Monmouth sewage treatment
plant. The data submitted indicate the efficiency of the plant as evidenced by the tests. Because of tidal action it was impossible in the
time allotted to make a satisfactory determination of flow in the Coos
Bay sewers.
Twenty-four cities, twenty-one listed in Bulletin 19 and three in
this bulletin, have furnished the State of Oregon with basic qualitative information. In all instances, depth measurements were made
in all cities at hourly intervals during sampling. All these basic data
including those where weir measurements were made are in reports
submitted to the City and State Sanitary Authority. Reduction of
such data to approximate flow records was achieved by measuring
the velocity repeatedly by floats in the actual sewers involved and
using the characteristic depth curves of open channels for the particular size and shape of sewer involved. Table 7 lists measurements
and computations of measurements of flow in the individual sewers
of most of the cities mentioned above. Sewers omitted were those
in which the installation of a weir was not feasible at the time, where
in a few instances the floats did not give good repetitive measurements, or where floats could not pass from manhole to manhole due
to obstructions.
No claim is made for accuracies of 5 per cent except in the cases
of the recording of the head on weirs at Pendleton, Salem, Springfield, and Hood River during normal flows. Float measurements are
20
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
at the best an approximation, but no float measurement was used
unless it could be reproduced several times. Float measurements
were made during low flows and medium flows wherever possible.
Distances of at least one block or more were used. The elapsed times
for the float observations were measured by the field crew with the
help of the city engineer or some delegated employee. Traffic hazards where trunk sewers were located in city streets and gas hazards
in deep sewers were avoided by special care in such cases. The
presence of gasoline and grease wastes in the sewage was noted by
the city employees. In spite of city ordinances and gas rationing
excessive amounts of automobile gasoline, solvents, and greases were
found in many sewers. The measurement of depth of sewage by
sampling crews was subject to error but every precaution was taken
by the field crews to instruct the crews in correct technique. Naturally the data received were no better than the men taking the measurements, but in practically all instances the work was faithfully done.
In most instances older men did the sampling work. Many hours
were spent reducing these quantitative data to intelligible information
and much of it had to be done whenever the opportunity offered.
The teaching demands due to the large influx of returning veterans
gave little or no opportunity for the culmination of the work until
now. It is hoped that this table will be of value even though the
accuracy is not of the best and the report has been delayed. The
accuracy of float measurements is probably within 15 per cent.
IV. CONCLUSIONS
1. Industrial wastes. An inspection of the map of Figure 1
reveals the following:
The wood industry can be divided, for all
practical purposes, into two sections. The pulp and paper
industry is located on the Willamette and Columbia Rivers.
WOOD INDUSTRIES.
Lumber production is scattered throughout the east and
west slopes of the Coast and Cascade ranges. There is
some lumber production in the Blue Mountains. The greatest number of sawmills is located near the smaller towns.
FOOD PROCESSING. The food processing industry, which consists of canneries, freezers, dehydrators, and brining, has
been divided into fruit, vegetables, and milk. Canneries,
dehydrators, and freezing units are, in general, located in
the Willamette Valley from Eugene to Portland; in the
Rogue River Valley, at or near Medford; in the Umatilla
Valley, at Pendleton and Athena; in the Walla Walla Val-
INDUSTRIAL AND CITY WASTES
21
ley at Milton-Freewater and Weston, and near the Smoke
River at Ontario and Nyssa.
Large canneries are located near Eugene, Salem, Portland, Hood River, and in the Pendleton area. It is interesting to note the tremendous increase in the canning and
freezing of peas in northeastern Oregon where the rivers
are small. Large fish canneries are on the Columbia. The
large meat packing plants are located at Portland, Salem,
and Albany and in many of the smaller towns one or more
small plants are located. The beverage industry is generally
local.
The woolen industry is located in Salem, Brownsville, Eugene, Stayton, and Oregon City in the Willamette
Valley, and in Pendleton. There are two linen mills in
Salem. Flax retting is scattered throughout the Willamette Valley, usually on tributary streams, but several have
TEXTILES.
shut down since 1946.
MANUFACTURING.
Manufacturing is carried on primarily in
Portland and vicinity.
It is evident from an examination of Table 2, which
shows the pack of Oregon canned fruits and vegetables, that
the canning industry is large. More than 14,000,000 cases
on a basis of 24 No. 2 cans per case were canned in 1946.
It should be pointed out that Table 4 must be used with considerable care. While every effort was made to obtain adequate samples
and reliable qualitative and quantitative data, there is evidence in the
table of wide variation in the quality of waste and the quantity of
waste produced per unit of product. Large variation in quantity of
waste is readily seen and at first glance it might be inferred that
there is decimal point inaccuracy; however, such is not the case.
When it is considered that the fruit or vegetable might be in contact
with water several times as long in one cannery as in another, it
becomes apparent that large variations are normal and to be expected.
For these reasons these data must be cautiously used.
In general the wastes from frozen apricots and from canned
beans and prunes are relatively weak when compared with beets,
corn, peaches, pears, and tomatoes. Beet, corn, and pea wastes are
apparently very strong, and if the offal of pears is ground and discharged along with the liquid waste, the resultant is as strong as
those mentioned above. The two samples of cherry waste from
widely separated canneries indicate the danger of acceptance of results on single samples.
22
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN No. 22
No reliable tabulations of milk, flax, or wool production were
These vary considerably locally. The flax industry, for
example, is in a state of flux and fluctuates from year to year. Considerable work in the midwest and eastern United States has established criteria for the meat packing industry. No reliable samples
were taken during this survey of such wastes, since it is extremely
difficult to obtain representative samples from small concerns. Meat
obtained.
processing in small plants is obviously on intermittent batch operation.
Several samplings were attempted at two plants with unsatisfactory
results.
While BOD determinations give the best index of pollutional
effects of wastes, they are time-consuming and tedious. If some
readily determinable physical or chemical property of wastes could
be shown to correlate with their BOD values, it would greatly facilitate a pollutional survey. The analytical data of Table 4 fail to show
any consistent correlation with BOD. The nearest approach to such
relationship is shown with dissolved solids. On placing the samples
in range groups as in Table 5, broad correlations become apparent
between BOD and dissolved solids, total carbon, and carbohydrates.
The widely diverse nature of the samples undoubtedly contributed to the lack of better correlation. The main factor in the discrepancies could well be the complexity of the BOD function itself,
which is dependent on biological agents and is influenced by numer-
ous physical and chemical factors of environment.
2. City wastes.
The quality of the city sewage indicates the
Monmouth sewage is weak and that the sewage treatment plant is
probably overloaded. Myrtle Point's sewage is normal in most in-
stances, but tends to be septic. There is considerable variation in the
pH and the acidity. Coos Bay sewage collected at low tide, is of low
to medium strength, which might be due to the extraordinarily high
chloride content.
Table 6, which shows the flow of sewages collected in 1944 and
the recorded flows at Springfield, Salem, Hood River, and Pendleton
in 1944-45, is too lengthy to examine in detail in this bulletin. There
is considerable evidence in the recorded flows to indicate that many
of these sewers carry enormous volumes of storm water. Some of
these sewers, however, are considered to be sanitary only. If such
is the case, then one or two deductions can be made. Illegal connections of roof and external house drainage must exist and some of the
sewers must have bad joints allowing ground water infiltration.
3. General. A careful evaluation of the several bulletins previously published by this Station and this bulletin would show that
INDUSTRIAL AND CITY WASTES
23
both cities and industries contribute to the degeneration of the rivers
in varying degrees. In general, the cities contribute large volumes
of grossly offensive materials which contaminate and pollute the
streams. The industrial problem is not as simple to evaluate as that
of the cities. Cities contribute in proportion to their population, in
addition industries discharge large volumes of wastes into city
sewers. The pulp and paper industry on a national scale is making
progress in studying remedial measures and methods of utilization
of the spent liquors. A large sum of money has been set aside for
such an investigation over a period of five years. This work was
undertaken in 1945. The pulp and paper industry contributes large
volumes of such wastes, particularly to the Willamette River. The
canning industry also contributes large volumes of waste which
pollute certain of the streams, in particular the Willamette, Umatilla,
and Walla Walla. Many canneries screen and haul the screenings
away from the plant and discharge the liquid waste either into the
rivers directly or indirectly through sewers or lagoons. Much money
has been spent by the individual canneries in this partial treatment,
but the treatment of the liquid waste for reduction of its strength is
still a problem for which no satisfactory answer has been developed
for all products. Scattered research work, some on a national scale
but mostly on an individual basis, has been attempted. Much work
remains to be done in treating such wastes as those from beet, pea,
pear, corn, peach, and squash plants, to name but a few. Some treat-
ments are known, but the cost is either excessive or has not been
made available to the industry at large.
Pilot plant operation over two or three years in the treatment of
these wastes is urgently needed.
Much money and time has been
spent in lagoon excavations and chemical treatment on the total
waste based on short term experiments at other plants. Some of the
canneries in this state are among the country's largest in certain products, and the amount of waste is extraordinary. It is possible that
real economies in treatment of waste can begin within the plant itself
where water, condenser and other, is apparently used in excess. Economic sanitation within a plant is one thing, and uneconomic profuse.
discharge of water for cleaning and washing is another. It is also
apparent that more economic use might be made of the offal which in
many instances represents a distinct loss to the industry and the
state.
It is more than likely that with adequate research many pres-
ent wastes could be transformed into useful and profitable byproducts.
Table 1. LIST OF CANNERIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS
Abbot, John
Plant location
Astoria, Rt. 2
Albany Canning Co.
Albany
Plant sold to Assoc. Frozen
Food Packers
(Seattle, Washington)
Albert's Products Co.
Portland
Company
1218 5. E. Grand
Alderman Farms
Allen Fruit Co., Inc.
Amalgamated Sugar Co.
Amherst, Jane, Co.
Dayton
Salem
Newberg
Nyssa
Portland
Products frozen or processed
loganberries .................................................
strawberries, green beans
Berries, peaches, Italian prunes, rhubarb, green beans, spinach, tomatoes
Berries, fruits
Crushed fruits
Berries, cherries,
corn, peas
pears,
prunes,
Fruits, vegetables
Glace and maraschino cherries, brine
cherries, fruit juices, dried prunes;
cabbage, carrots, onions, potatoes
Beet sugar
Hors d'oeuvres, meat sauces, chutneys,
American Fruit
Apple Growers Assoc.
Medford
Hood River
Bagley Canning Company
Ashland
Bandon Seafood & Cold
Storage Co.
Bandon
Barbey Packing Co.
Astoria
Ranier
Medford
Astoria
Snider, Hillsboro,
Woodburn
Blue Lake Producers
Co-operative
Blue Mountain Prune
Growers Assoc.
blackberries,
wild fruit preserve, orange
marmalade
1107 N. E. 47th
Beaver Creek Orchards
Bio Products, Ltd.
Bird's Eye
Products canned
Apples,
Salem
Apples, pears
Cider vinegar, brined cherries, apple
concentrate
Apples, cherries, peaches, pears
Cherries, peaches, pears, apple juice
corn, tomatoes, sauerkraut, tomato
juice, puree and hot sauce
.................................................
Fish
Salmon, tuna
Apples, pears
Vitamin oils, animal food
Peaches, pears, prunes, squash
Miscellaneous
Fruits, green beans, beets, carrots,
Berries, dehydrated vegetables
corn, pumpkin
Milton-Freewater
................................................
Prunes, apples, cherries, berries,
Table 1. LIST OF CANNERIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS (Continued)
Company
Bodle, R. D. Co.
Products canned
Plant location
Portland
Banks
Products frozen or pro cessed
Berries, cherries, currants, apricots,
peaches, prunes, rhubarb, asparagus,
beets, broccoli, brussels sprouts, carrots, peas, cauliflower, corn, spinach,
squash, succotash, zucchini
Briners of cherries
Ship fresh berries
Borden Company
California Conserving Co.
Albany
Medford
Corvallis
Scappoose
Salem
Milk
Apricots, cherries, peaches, plums,
vegetables, sauerkraut, pickles, relishes
Berries, fruits, vegetables
Carnation Co.
Columbia Fruit Growers
Hilisboro
The Dalles
Milk
Cherries, apricots, peaches, brined
cherries
Columbia Pickling & Packing
Co., Inc.
9333 N. E. 47th Ave.
Portland
Pickles, relish, kraut
Astoria
Depoe Bay
Newport
Astoria
Salmon, albacore, crab, shad
Coos Bay Asoc.
1111 N. E. 37th Ave.
Portland
Cranberry Canners, Inc.
North Bend
Oysters
Coquille
Cranberries
C. S.
Medford
Eugene
Chile con came, horseradish, salad
California Packing Corp.
Weatherly Building
Portland
0
Sold to Hunt's Foods, Inc.
Columbia River Packers
Assoc., Inc.
Columbia River Salmon Co.,
Cider, vinegar, sauces
Crab meat, salmon
Salmon, shad, tuna, sturgeon
Inc.
Daintec Brand Products
Dayton Evaporating & Packing Company
Apples, pears
Potato chips
dressing, pickles, syrup, tamales
Dayton
Dehydrated fruits, berries, vegetables, prunes
Table 1.
LIST OF CANNERIES AND THEIR PRoDucTs (Continued)
Company
Dickinson Company
401 Title & Trust Bldg.
Plant location
Portland
Products canned
Jellies, preserves
Domes, Henry W.
Rickreall
McCoy
Ocean Lake
Eugene
Junction City
Turkey meat
Dorchester House
Eugene Fruit Growers Assoc.
Marmalades
Cherries, berries,
pears,
Products frozen or processed
plums,
Feller
Goldstaub Pickling Co.
Marshfield
Aurora
Pickles, relish, kraut, honey, syrup,
salad dressing, chile con came
Gray & Co.
Portland
Jellies, jams
1305 N. W. Davis
Great Western Dehydration
Gresham Berry Growers, Inc.
t Haley Canning Co.
Hammark Fisheries
Hilltop Orchard
Hudson-Duncan & Co.
325 5. E. Water Ave.
Hunt Bros. Packing Co.
(Fullerton, Calif.)
Salem
Gresham
Hillsboro
Charleston
Eagle Creek
Dundee
The Dalles
Forest Grove
Salem
Brined cherries
quinces, green beans, beets, carrots,
corn, pumpkin, rhubarb
Salmon
Maraschino cherries, candied fruits
Vegetable dehydration
Berries, brined cherries
Berries
Chicken, beef
Crab meat
Peaches
Peaches, prunes
Cherries, berries, prunes
Apples, berries, apricots, cherries,
peaches, pears, prunes, plums, as-
Berries
paragus, green beans, peas, pumpkin,
spinach, tomatoes, rhubarb
Johnson Cider Co.
10105 N. E. Sandy
Kelley, Farquhar & Co.
(Tacoma, Wash.)
Portland
Kerr Conserving Co.
1805 S. E. 10th Ave.
Portland
Pickles, vinegar, cider, berry juices
Salem
Scenic
Berries, apricots, peaches, prunes,
asparagus, green beans, vegetables,
corn, peas, brined cherries
Jams,
jellies, apple butter,
fruit juices
berry
Berries
Table 1. LIST OF CANNERIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS (Continued)
Company
Lomb, F. G. & Co.
Lazy Days Food Products Co.
Libby, McNeil! & Libby
(San Francisco)
Love, Alice Products
1432 S. E. 34th Ave.
Luxury Food Products
2725 S. E. Division
MacLaughlin, R. I. & Co.
Marion Creamery
Martin Bros.
Mione Packing Company
Myrtle Creek Canning Co.
Modoc
Myron Root Company
Neptune Fish Products Co.
(Seattle, Wash.)
New England Fish Company
(Seattle, Wash.)
Plant location
Freewater
Milwaukie
Portland
Portland
Portland
Salem
Gresham
Beaverton
Salem
Milwaukie
McMinnville
Myrtle Creek
Medford
Medford
Astoria
Newport
Astoria
Products canned
Chile con came
Apples, apricots, berries, cherries,
peaches, pears, prunes, vegetables,
sauerkraut, tomatoes
Jellies, jams, marmalades
Chicken, dressing, pickles, relish
mince meat, vinegar, condiments
Cherries, berries, prunes
Dried milk
Chickens
Chicken, turkey
Tomatoes
Apples, pears
Apples, pears
Salmon, tuna
Smoked fish, salt kippered, salmon,
frozen salmon, halibut, sole, crab
meat
Apples, pears
Salmon, tuna, crab
Winchester Bay
N. & N.
Medford
McMinnvillc
Woodburn
Milk
Dundee
Walnuts, filberts
North Western Packing Co.
Portland
554 N. Columbia Blvd.
Oregon State College
Corvallis
Apricots, apples,
pumpkin, spinach
Berries, cherries,
prunes
Neatten Milk Products Inc.
North Marion Fruit Co., Inc.
North Pacific Nut Growers
Products frozen or processed
Apples, cherries, grapes, plums, asparagus, peas, lima beans, spinach
Table syrup
Jams, apple butter
Berries, prunes
Walnuts, filberts
Coop.
prunes,
pears,
beans .................................................
plums,
Fruit, berry juices, cider, jams, preserves, dried beans, prunes
Table 1. LIST OF CANNERIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS (Continued)
Company
Plant location
Products canned
Berries, cherries, apple sauce, prunes
Products frosen or processed
Apple butter, brined cherries, ber-
Oregon Fruit Products Co.
Salem
Oregon Mushroom Co.
Oswego Jelly Co.
Palmers American Chili Co.
2641 5. E. 81st
Paragon Packing Co.
Paulus Bros. Packing Co.
Milwaukie
Oswego
Pemade
Pendleton Canning & Frozen
Foods Co.
Medford
Pendleton
Perry Brothers
(Seattle, Wash.)
Plancich Fish Co.
300 N. W. 13th
Point Adams Pkg. Co.
Portland Canning Co. & Forest
Grove Canning Co.
Producers Cooperative
Stanfield
Poultry, eggs, butter
Portland
Crab meat, oysters
ries, plums
Mushrooms
Portland
Jellies, fruits
Chili con came, hash
Astoria
Salmon, tuna
Salem
Berries, pears, prunes, green beans,
carrots, juices
Peas, tomatoes
Fish
Berries, dried fruits, prunes, preserves
Apples, pears
Peaches, peas
Salmon, tuna, crab meat, shad, roe
Hammond
Sherwood
Prunes, green beans
Berries, prunes, green beans
Salem
Cherries, berries, pears, prunes
Berries, fruits, dried fruits, brined
cherries
Puritan Cider Works
West Salem
Apple juice, boiled cider, grape and
Ray Canning Company
Freewater
berry juice, honey
Apricots, peaches,
Package Company
plums,
prunes .................................................
green asparagus, tomatoes
Recdsport Packing Co.
Reedsport
Reid, Murdoch & Co.
(Chicago)
Salem
Retter
Rogers Canning Co.
Medford
Milton
Athena
Salmon, shad, shad roe, herring,
sardines
Berries, cherries, pears, peaches,
prunes, rhubarb, asparagus, green
Smoked salmon, shad, sardines
Jellies, preserves, fruit butters, brined
cherries
beans, lima beans, vegetables
Apples and pears
Peas, carrots
Table 1. LIST OF CANNERIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS (Continued)
Company
Rogue River Packing Corp.
Roseburg Canning Co.
Royal Canning Co. of Ore.
S. 0. S.
Schlesser Sales Co.
2315 5. W. 16th
Seaside Clam Co.
Sebastian Stuart Fish Co.
(Seattle)
Seufcrt Bros. Co.
Products frozen or processed
Plant location
Medford
Roseburg
Silverton
Medford
Portland
Products canned
Peaches, pears
Green beans, tomatoes, prunes
Prunes, green beans, corn, pumpkin
------------------------------------------------
Apples, pears
Dog and cat food
Warrenton
Astoria
Clams, crab meat
Salmon, tuna
Salt smoked fish
Seuferts
Salmon, apples, apricots, cherries
peaches, prunes, peas, tomatoes
(The Dalles)
.
.................................................
Crushed fruits, fountain syrups
Shaffner, S. E. Co.
4th and Glisan
Portland
Silvcr Thread Kraut & Pickle
Clackamas
Spinach
Smith Canning Co. of Ore.
Pendleton
Peaches,
Smith Frozen Foods
(Clearfield, Utah)
Pendleton
Spencer Dehydrators, Inc.
Spencer Packing Company
Lebanon
Lebanon
Springbrook Packing Co.,
Springbrook
Sauerkraut, dill pickles, sweet pickles, salt stock
Works
asparagus,
green
beans
pork and beans, peas, carrots, tomatoes, tomato catsup
Cooperative
Stanley's Food Products
1401 N. E. Alberta
Portland
Starr Fruit Products Co.
Portland
Stayton Canning Co.
Cooperative
Apples, apricots, cherries, berries,
peaches, green beans, beets, carrots,
corn, peas, spinach, tomatoes
Dehydrated beets, carrots, potatoes
Berries,
apricots,
pears,
cherries,
Berrie and fruit
peaches, prunes, pumpkin, tomatoes
Berries, cherries, peaches,
plums, prunes, tomatoes
pears,
Berries, evaporated berries and cher-
ries, brined cherries
Pickles, relish, mustard
Apples,
cherries, berries, peaches,
Salem
pears, plums, prunes, beans, toma
Stayton
toes
Cherries,
beans
berries,
prunes,
green
Berries,
beans
apricots,
Berries, brined beans
peaches,
green
Table 1. LIsT OF CANNERIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS (Continued)
Company
Steinfeld's Products Co.
7400 S. W. Macadam
Stidds, Inc.
231 5. W. Ankeny
Plant location
Portland
Portland
Products frozen or processed
Pickles, relish, kraut juice
Products canned
Sauerkraut
Tamales, chile con came, chicken
broth, vegetable dinner, chicken soup
with rice
Stoetz, Gideon Co.
Salem
Sun Valley Products Co.
3321 N. Vancouver
Portland
Sweetarts
328 N. S. Failing
Swift & Company
Tasty Foods Co.
7400 S. W. Macadam
The Dalles Coop. Growers
Thomas Quality Kitchen
Portland
Carbonated beverages, fountain
syrups
3325 5. E. Division
Tillamook Bay Fish Co.
Umatilla Canning Company
Union Fishermen's Coop.
Packing Co.
United Growers, Inc.
(Rt. 3)
Utah Canning Co.
(Ogden, Utah)
Van Camp Sea Food Co., Inc.
(Terminal Island, Calif.)
Vangoorda Laboratories
Fruit drinks, apple juice, beverage
base
Albany
Candied and glace fruit confections
Turkeys
Mayonnaise, salad dressing, sand-
Portland
The Dalles
Portland
Bay City
Milton
Astoria
wich spread, fruit pectin
Brined cherries
Chicken tamales, chile con came
lima beans and ham, table syrup
Inc.
Salmon, crab meat
Salmon, oysters
Peas
Salmon, tuna
Cured and frozen salmon
carrots,
Salem
Cherries, berries, prunes,
beets, tomatoes
Freewater
Asparagus, green beans, peas, carrots, beans, tomatoes, sauerkraut
Astoria
Sardines, tuna
Newport
Berries, apples,
vegetables
peaches,
prunes,
Fish oil, fish meal
Jams, jellies, preserves, orange marmalade, apple pectin, fruit concentrates
Portland
2511 S. W. Miles
Waldport Sea Food Company,
.................................................
Crab meat
Table 1. LIST OF CANNERIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS (Continued)
Company
Ware Food Products
East Burnside
Washington Dehydrated Food
Co. (Yakima)
Washington Fish & Oyster Co.
(Seattle)
Washington Packers, Inc.
Newport
Salmon, crab meat
Rainier
Berries, apples, apricots, cherries,
peaches, beans
fish
Salem
Berries, cherries, apples, green
beans, peas, brined cherries, vegetables
Berries, currants, dried cherries,
walnuts, filberts
Berries, cherries, prunes, corn on
the cob
Brined cherries
Portland
Horseradish, mustard
McMinnville
Astoria
Newport
Dehydrated potatoes
Sturgeon, kippered tuna
Portland
-
Corvallis
Corp.
Willamette Cherry Growers,
Salad dressing, pickles, relish, lemon
juice, maraschino cherries, mustard,
horseradish
Dehydrated apples, carrots, onions,
cabbage, squash, potatoes
Cured, salted, pickled fish, frozen
Freewater
(Sumner, Washington)
West Coast Fruit Co.
706 S. E. Union Ave.
Western Oregon Packing
Products frocn or processed
Products canned
Plant location
Portland
Cherries,
berries,
pears,
prunes, beets, carrots, corn
plums,
Inc.
Williams & Co.
2045 N. E. Union
Wright Dehydrating Co.
Wuori, Kris, & Son
Yaquina Bay Fish Co.
Yeager, Fred
(Rt. 7)
Portland
Crab meat, salmon, tuna
Pickles, sauerkraut
Table 2. OREGON AND WASHINGTON CANNERY PACK
Source: Northwest Canners Association
Bulletin No. 1697, March 20, 1947
A.
Commodity
Oregon canned fruits
24 No. 2 cans per case
Apples
Apple sauce
Apricots
Cherries, RA
Cherries, Bik
Cherries, RSP
Pears
Peaches
Prunes
Plums
Other fruit
Total
Berries
24 No. 2 cans per case
Blackberries
Boysen
Gooseberries
Logan
Raspberries, red
Strawberries
OREGON CANNERY PACK, 1945.46
Total, 1945
Total, 1946
205,921
100,498
13,377
209,268
161,369
44,137
1,238,486
147,915
1,242,858
9,924
59,134
101,989
126,397
141,748
400,581
308,093
41,060
1,675,699
303,411
2,675,561
8,100
77,795
3,432,887
5,860,434
13,547
22,992
4,977
5,991
3,009
5,279
3,221
50,258
25,195
6,343
25,854
3,706
3,228
15,308
270
59,016
130,161
1,880,091
1,275,901
810,420
236,000
2,014,188
208,381
32,854
120,530
5,320
6,583,685
2,020,025
1,079,738
921,276
400,748
3,394,653
216,030
62,447
133,065
123,366
8,353,850
10,075,588
14,344,445
Inc. in misc.
Young
Miscellaneous berries
Total
Canned vegetables
24 No. 29 cans per case
Beans, G + W
Beets
Carrots
Corn
Peas
Pumpkin
Spinach
+
squash
Tomatoes + juice
Miscellaneous vegetables
Total
Grand total
.
-------------------------
Table 2.
OREGON AND WASHINGTON CANNERY PACK (Continued)
Source: Northwest Canners Association
Bulletin No. 1697, March 20, 1947
B. TOTAL OREGON-WAS1{INGTON PACKS (ACTUAL CASES)
Commodity
Fruit
Berries
Vegetables
Total ---------------------------------------------------
24/2
24/2-i
6/10
644,274
132,492
11,670,938
7,702,520
448,216
2,141,202
83,949
2,150,630
12,447,704
8,150,736
4,375,781
Total 1946
actual
Total 1946
converted
24/2k
Total 1945
converted
24/2
376,887
40,014
97,597
10,864,883
256,455
14,514,643
10,291,613
185,819
15,547,474
6,320,628
80,074
12,234,476
514,498
25,635,981
26,024,906
18,635,178
Miscellaneous
Fruits and berries converted to 24 No. 2 cans per case.
Vegetables converted to 24 No. 2 cans per case.
C. TOTAL OREGON.WA5HINGTON PACKS-1942 THROUGH 1946 (ACTUAL CASES)
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
Vegetables
8,565,491
10,431,993
7,308,441
13,222,099
6,714,482
12,198,051
6,731,888
11,636,618
11,121,338
14,514,643
Total
18,997,484
20,530,540
18,912,533
18,368,506
25,524,170
Commodity
Fruit and berries
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3. LIST OF ANIMAL AND MEAT PROCESSING PLANTS
Data supplied by M. E. Knickerbocker, Chief
Division of Animal Industries,
State Department of Agriculture
Location
Albany, Oregon
Albany, Oregon
Albany, Oregon
Albany, Oregon
Amity, Oregon
Ashland, Oregon
Ashland, Oregon
Astoria, Oregon
Aurora, Oregon
Baker, Oregon
Bandon, Oregon
Bandon, Oregon
Bandon, Oregon
Bend, Oregon
Bend, Oregon
Bend, Oregon
Bend, Oregon
Bend, Oregon
Brookings, Oregon
Burns, Oregon
Canyonville, Oregon
Carlton, Oregon
Cave Junction, Oregon
Chiloquin, Oregon
Clackamas, Oregon
Clatskanie, Oregon
Clatskanie, Oregon
Condon, Oregon
Coquille, Oregon
Cornelius, Oregon
Cornelius, Oregon
Corvallis, Oregon
Cottage Grove, Oregon
Cottage Grove, Oregon
Cove, Oregon
Culver, Oregon
Dallas, Oregon
Dayton, Oregon
Donald, Oregon
Echo, Oregon
Elgin, Oregon
Enterprise, Oregon
Eugene, Oregon
Eugene, Oregon
Plant
J. E. Derry & Son
Steen Bros. Food Store
W. L. Stanton
Nebergall Meat Company
Amity Meat Market
Keer's Meat Market
East Side Market
Knappa Market
Wirth & Lowrie
Baker Packing Company
Everett Camerson
Flamm & Culver
Willis Van Levvin
Erickson's Food Market
Mid State Meat
O'Donnell Market
N. A. Peterson
Piland's Market
Wilson Freeman
J. W. Fenley
Hamlin's Meat Market
R. D. Briggs, City Meat Market
Illinois Valley Slaughterhouse
Gienger Grocery Company
Clackamas Meat Company
Lewis Market
J. R. Holmes
People's Packing Company
Lee Stonecyper
John Jacobsmullen
Arrow Meat Company
Monroe Street Cash Market
Bartel's Market
Lee Culver
Earl C. Brunson
Crooked River Packing Company
Dallas Locker Market
Dayton Meat Company
Iverson Bros.
Echo Meat Market
Cold Storage Lockers
Community Market
Super Y Market
Irish-McBroom
35
Table 3. LIST OF ANIMAL AND MEAT PROCESSING PLANTS (Continued)
Location
Eugene, Oregon
Eugene, Oregon
Florence, Oregon
Fossil, Oregon
Gaston, Oregon
Gervais, Oregon
Gladstone, Oregon
Glendale, Oregon
Glendale, Oregon
Gold Beach, Oregon
Grants Pass, Oregon
Grants Pass, Oregon
Grants Pass, Oregon
Gresham, Oregon
Halfway, Oregon
Harrisburg, Oregon
Heppner, Oregon
Hermiston, Oregon
Hillsboro, Oregon
Hood River, Oregon
Hood River, Oregon
Hood River, Oregon
Hood River, Oregon
Independence, Oregon
Jefferson, Oregon
John Day, Oregon
Joseph, Oregon
Junction City, Oregon
Klamath Falls, Oregon
Kiamath Falls, Oregon
Klamath Falls, Oregon
Klamath Falls, Oregon
Klamath Falls, Oregon
Klamath Falls, Oregon
La Grande, Oregon
La Grande, Oregon
La Grande, Oregon
Lakeview, Oregon
Lakeview, Oregon
Madras, Oregon
Malin, Oregon
Marcola, Oregon
Maupin, Oregon
Medford, Oregon
Medford, Oregon
Medford, Oregon
Plant
Mayberry & Chapman
D. E. Nebergall Meat Company
Clarence A. Welty
F. F. Loomis
Circle K. Meat Company
Cutsforth Bros.
Gladstone Frozen Food Lockers
Lassen & Shearon
William Wunsch
People's Company
Grants Pass Provision Company
Rogue Valley Packing Company
S & L Meat Company
Lewis Bros.
Pine Mercantile
G. A. Anderson & Son
Heppner Livestock & Meat Company
Dan Follett
Harold N. Kummer
Wm. C. Young
Sanitary Market & Grocery
Benton B. Minor
Hickey's Food Market
Graham Market
Chas. H. & Harry E. McKee
Wayside Market
Joseph Cold Storage Company
Flint & Kokkeler
T. P. Packing Company
H. M. Mallory
Klamath Packing Company
Johnson Packing Company
Frazer's Market
Geo. Bratton Packing Company
Valley Sausage
La Grande Market
Eldridge Packing Company
Lakeview Meat Company
People's Market
Madras Market
Malin Mercantile
John Downing
Oley Iverson
Medford Meat Company
Lurnan & Dawson
Crater Meat Company
36
Table 3. LIST OF ANIMAL AND MEAT PROCESSING PLANTS (Continued)
Location
Merrill, Oregon
Mosier, Oregon
Mt. Angel, Oregon
McMinnville, Oregon
McMinnville, Oregon
Nashville, Oregon
Neotsu, Oregon
Newberg, Oregon
Newport, Oregon
North Bend, Oregon
North Plains, Oregon
North Powder, Oregon
Nyssa, Oregon
Nyssa, Oregon
Ontario, Oregon
Ontario, Oregon
Oregon City, Oregon
Oregon City, Oregon
Plant
Merrill Meat Company
Robert F. Andrews
Mt. Angel Meat Company
McMinnville Meat Company
King's Market
Nash Brothers
Roy Stafford
Wilhelmson & Son
L. R. Wilson
Pere Peterson
Troutman Cash Store
City Meat
M. 0. Hopkins
Nyssa Packing Company
Ontario Packing Company
Pioneer Meat Packing Company
Robert Kaufman
S & K Meat Company
Parkdale, Oregon
Pendleton, Oregon
Philomath, Oregon
Portland, Oregon
Portland, Oregon
Portland, Oregon
Portland 3, Oregon
Portland 11, Oregon
Portland 11, Oregon
Portland 2, Oregon
Portland, Oregon
Portland, Oregon
Prairie City, Oregon
Prineville, Oregon
Prineville, Oregon
R. J. Mclssac & Son
Sam Hill
Sanitary Market
Portland Kosher Market
William Templeman
Lincoln Kosher Market
Pacific Meat Company
Associated Meat Packers Assn.
Brander Meat Company
Gem Meat Company
Kenton Packing Company
F. L. Kosher
Prairie City Meat Company
Rainier, Oregon
Redmond, Oregon
Redmond, Oregon
Reecisport, Oregon
Richiand, Oregon
Riddle, Oregon
Roseburg, Oregon
Roseburg, Oregon
Roseburg, Oregon
Roseburg, Oregon
Roseburg, Oregon
Hallberg's Grocery & Market
Cinder Butte Slaughter House
Roseburg Sanitary Market
Roseburg Meat Company
Economy Market
Douglas Market
Fred Boyer
Salem, Oregon
Salem, Oregon
Salem, Oregon
C. S. Orwig Meat Company
Salem Meat Market
R. C. Cannon
Arnold E. & Elston A. Richter
Independent Market
C. M. Coss
Paul Bendels
Eagle Bennehoff
Aikens Grocery
37
Table 3. LIST OF ANIMAL AND MEAT PROCESSING PLANTS (Continued)
Location
Sandy, Oregon
Scio, Oregon
Scio, Oregon
Siletz, Oregon
Silverton, Oregon
Sheridan, Oregon
Sheridan, Oregon
Sheridan, Oregon
Sherwood, Oregon
Standfield, Oregon
St. Paul, Oregon
Summit, Oregon
Sutherlin, Oregon
The Dalles, Oregon
The Dalles, Oregon
The Dalles, Oregon
Tillamook, Oregon
Toledo, Oregon
Turner, Oregon
Umatilla, Oregon
Union, Oregon
Union, Oregon
Vale, Oregon
Vernonia, Oregon
Waldport, Oregon
Wallowa, Oregon
Warrenton, Oregon
Weston, Oregon
Willamina, Oregon
Wheeler, Oregon
Yamhill, Oregon
Yoncalla, Oregon
Plant
M. L. Lee
Thurston Bros.
Angus B. Leffler
Joseph Kosyder Jr.
Edward Reiling
Claude A. Sawtelle
Mishler Bros.
W. D. Montgomery
Muralt's Market
Stanfield Cold Storage & Market
J. G. McKillup
C. E. Goodman
J. W. Culver & Son
City Meat Market
Columbia Gorge Packing Company
Thurston's Market
Deny Flatz Meat Company
City Meat Market
Bank's Bros. & Market
Milo McFarland
H & M Meat Company
People's Market
James Hawley
G. C. Kirkbride
Waldport Market
Wallowa Meat Market
Robert Reed
J. L. Hass & Company
Willamina I G A Store
Jake Douma
B & W Meat Company
Yoncalla Meat Company
38
Table 4.
Apricots,
frozen
Date sampled (1945)
8-10
Beans, green, Beans, green,
canned
canned
8-27
8-7
INDUSTRIAL WASTE ANALYSES
Beans and
Beans, beets
8-7
beets,
cherries
Beets, canned,
solid offal
Beets, canned
8-7
8-20
8-25
CherriEs
Cherries,
Royal Ann,
canned
8-27
7-21
400
2,600
600
3,400
439
424
363
92
338
332
2.5
7.1
SOD
5 day
20 day
200
300
200
1,200
100
300
1,000
3,000
800
2,400
3,000
6,200
400
650
198
306
3,048
1,814
1,952
1,234
4,261
142
1.6
7.4
652
15
52
637
1,629
239
218
3.0
4.7
428
148
256
280
1.0
6.7
82
49
7
7
ANALYSIS
Total solids
56
61
Suspended
Volatile
Dissolved
Settleable
pH
Alkalinity,
ppm CaCO1
Chlorides, ppm Cl
Acidity,
Ppm CaCOs
7
5
Nitrogen, total
Carbon
150
C/N ratio
30
0
Reducing sugars
75
Total sugars
Starch
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
88
0
6.5
40
316
99
13
265
4.0
66
15
238
67
9
90
10.0
20
20
18
136
1,000
149
300
10
780
78
99
1,826
18.4
48
52
0
51
12
205
34.2
0
60
1,320
0
76
43
9.0
5.4
44
23
33
5
205
14
5
0
240
180
In!
48
12
25
40
40
0
0
INDUSTRIAL WASTE ANALYSES (Continued)
Pears
canned,
Peaches.
canned,
Peaches
frozen
Peaches,
frozen
solid offal
Peaches,
frozen,
Pears, canned
with
ground offal
solid offal
Peas,
canned
9-10
9-18
9-6
9-7
9-7
9-26
9-5
7-10
2,700
5,800
2,100
3,650
2,000
700
1,175
9,500
16,000
2,475
3,400
19,000
28,000
1,300
3,400
3,790
1,930
3,289
3,429
1,176
3,139
2,253
3,270
668
2,712
2,602
114
1,700
736
1,219
964
28,688
19,954
24,346
8,734
3,866
1,140
2,944
2,726
104,000
20,000
101,000
84,000
3,431
40
58
51
13
Corn, canned Corn, canned
9-20
65
3.9
748
3,760
3,513
126
9
200
15.4
Table 4.
Date sampled (1945)
44
4.1
620
1,351
1,009
ROD
5 day
20 day
---------------------
1,150
ANALYSIS
Total solids
3,163
Suspended
1,266
Volatile
2,702
Dissolved----------------------------1,897
Settleable
32
5.1
pH
Alkalinity,----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------132
ppm
CaCO3
27
Chlorides, ppm CL
Acidity,
522
ppm CaCO3
52
Nitrogen, total
Carbon
920
17.7
C/N ratio
Reducing sugars
Total Sugars
Starch
.
---------------------
56
120
80
861
34
3.6
0
27
Solid
5.5
5.2
7
246
119
128
20
1,530
12.9
1,090
54.5
54
160
50
30
80
40
4.2
418
33
1,130
342
250
312
0
90
48
78
56
3,055
54.5
240
260
40
Solid
4.8
20
60
735
332
13,320
39.8
960
1,360
130
76
6.7
50
395
130
Solid
34
446
1,511
2,985
9.0
4.2
80
0
9
1,008
500
543
458
870
34,000
1,000
60
100
30
1,760
80
8
108.8
62.6
1,720
580
83
12
0
Table 4.
7-19
ROD
300
3,000
5 day
20 day
.......................
ANALYSIS
Total solids
644
248
461
396
4.5
Suspended
Volatile
Dissolved
Settleable
5.6
pH
Alkalinity,
ppm CaCOs
Chlorides, ppm Cl...
Acidity,
ppm CaCO1
137
-
8
88
40
Nitrogen, total
200
Carbon
C/N ratio
5
0
0
Reducing sugars
Total sugars
Starch--------------------------------.....................
........................
......................
-------------------...
Milk-
Flax-
Wool-
155
2,100
3,000
600
3,200
9,154
7,912
8,518
1,342
Solid
317
2,227
372
1,348
1,855
1,007
212
231
160
11
73
48
34
937
0
58
30
127
122
340
3,420
10.1
320
7
55
10
Prunes,
canned
Prunes,
canned
Tomatoes,
canned
Tomatoes,
canned
9-19
9-13
9-9
9-il
900
5,100
75
150
250
750
1,700
2,062
254
1,220
1,808
224
112
121
112
2.2
6.6
557
464
354
943
206
683
737
1.3
5.2
44
26
6
8
11
Peas, canned Peas, canned
Date sampled (1945)
INDUSTRIAL WASTE ANALYSES (Continued)
7-19
8.0
4.6
0
28
180
161
480
3.0
40
40
6
8
130
16.2
10
40
93
4.0
6.8
6
205
34.2
0
80
1
58
135
159
0.6
7.6
retting
9.0
5.8
1,130
113
30
0
0
20
0
0
Table 4.
22
310
14.4
40
110
4.5
butter and
drying
Date sampled (1945)
8-10
Beans, green, Beans, green,
canned
canned
8-7
PACK
Cases per hour
Size can
Lb per hour
4,000
Oxygen demand
5 day
Lb per case
8-27
Beets, canned
Cherries
Cherries,
Royal Ann,
canned
8-7
8-7
8-25
8-27
7-21
1,150
1,250
80
100
2
2
37,500
2,400
500
2
27,500
15,000
34,500
32
26
46,000
0.0124
2.5
9.3
Lb per hour
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20 day
9
cherries
2
7.4
62
12,500
3
140
15.6
40
40
Beans, beets
750
WASTE
Gal per case
Lb per case
Lb per hour
795
0.6
6.8
INDUSTRIAL WASTE ANALYSES (Continued)
Beans and
Apricots,
frozen
scouring
0,074
Lb per case
3.75
55.8
Lb per hour
7.3
Population equivalent per 100 cases
7.4
4.9
Population equivalent
per ton pack...---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
267
133,500
0.027
13.4
0.08
40
16
10.6
2
216
250,000
0.22
248
0.648
744
130
87
beets,
27.4
228
285,000
0.18
225
0.54
675
105
71
120
1,000
80,000
0.40
32
0.65
52
236
156
28
4,200
21.4
17.8
17,800
0.071
7.1
0.46
46
42
20
90
28
3,720
147
1,220
110,000
0.73
65
4.1
370
425
202
Table 4. INDUSTRIAL WASTE ANALYSES (Continued)
Corn, canned Corn, canned
9-20
Date sampled (1945)
9-10
Peaches,
canned
Peaches,
frozen
Peaches,
frozen
Pears,
canned with
ground offal
Peas, canned
9-18
9-6
97
9-26
7-10
5,000
2,000
PACK
Cases
250
210
230
2
2
2
7,500
6,300
9,650
Gal per case
36
Lb per case
300
Lb per -------------------------------------------------------------------------hour ---------------------------------------------------------------75,000
--------------------------------------------------------------
242
50,800
Lb per hour
150
694
2
2
6,300
20,800
WASTE
29
Sizecais----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxygen demand
5 day
Lbpercase
0.34
Lb per hour
85
20 day
0.65
138
-------------------------------------------------------------Lb per case
Lb per hour
1.4
295
200
384
Population equivalent per 100 cases
133
258
Population equivalent ----------------------------------------------------------------per
ton pack --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4.
7-19
3,000
0.68
157
6
1.2
272
400
191
22,500
79,000
1.3
15.8
195.0
26.5
1.78
268
770
366
14
93
buSSer and
87.5
730
507,000
0.95
659
249
1,730
560
374
INDUSTRIAL WASTE ANALYSES (Continued)
Prunes,
Prunes,
canned
Tomatoes,
canned
Tomatoes,
canned
7-19
9-19
9-13
9-9
9-11
618
133
600
100
Peas, canned Peas, canned
DaSe sampled (1945)
63
526
39
325
75,000
canned
Milkdrying
Flaxretting
Wool-
scouring
PACK
Cases per hour
Size can
Lb per hour
610
2
2
3
18,300
25,700
4,300
WASTE
Gal per case
79
Lb per case
655
Lb per hour
----------------------------------------------400,000
Oxygen demand
5 day
Lb per case
0.2)
J..b per hour ...
122
20 day
Lb per case
2.0
Lb per hour
1,220
Population equivalent
per 100 cases
118
.
....
Population equivalenS
per ton pack
80
2
18,300
79
79
655
400,000
0.59
360
5.5
45.9
6,100
0.003
0.46
213
252,000
28,100
6,000
39
59
9
300
75
30,000
6,000
0.225
225
0.128
10.2
133
75
84.3
17
2,030
232
0.017
10
36
1,750
0.03
3.3
348
13.5
112
67,000
18,000
1.8
1.0
4.7
28
25
400
3.6
19
200
Table 5.
Group
II
III
IV
V
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CORRELATION OF BOD WITH ANALYTICAL DATA
Number of samples
5 (lay BOD ppm
2
9,500-19,000
6
4
9
6
2,000- 3,000
1,000- 1,700
300- 900
75-
200
IDissolved solids
ppm
8,734-84,000
861- 3,513
1,234- 2,985
280- 1,808
93-
637
Total solids ppm
r 28,688-104,000
2,227- 4,261
3,048- 9,154
424- 2,062
193652
Total carbon ppm
13,320-34,000
870- 1,826
920- 3,420
140- 3,055
90-
205
Sugar and starch
ppm
1,490-2,340
30-1,372
20- 300
0- 300
20- 136
Table 6.
ANALYSES OF CITY SEWAGES
Coos Bay
Sewer 2
Sewer 1
Quality
Maximum
185
7.5
Settle solids mi/lit
7.0
223
Alkalinity ppm
120
Acidity ppm
Chlorides
ppm
--------------------------------15,100
Total solids ppm
12,100
Volatile solids ppm
8,830
340
Suspended solids ppm
Dissolved solids ppm
12,000
BOD 5-day ppm
pH
Greaseppm
------------............................
Average
59
7.2
1.4
113
28
Minimum
69
T
72
8
260
680
200
5,700
450
93
5.6
370
7.9
330
260
180
2,290
6,000
930
2,000
4,100
0
3,700
5,800
1,290
Maximum
2
Average
150
7.3
22
160
42
950
1,600
360
390
1,200
4.9
Sewer 3
Minimum
20
6.5
1.0
110
14
106
640
40
110
350
Maximum
370
7.9
17
200
105
6,700
9,930
6,100
610
9,700
Monmouth
DOD 5-day ppm
pH
Settle solids mi/lit
Alkalinity ppm
Acidity ppm
Chlorides ppm
Total solids ppm
Volatile solids ppm
Suspended solids ppm
Dissolved solids ppm
Maximum
Average
210
7.7
6.5
145
65
130
7.3
2.8
120
30
24
290
135
125
175
-
36
435
250
250
230
Grease.................................
ppm .........................
Minimum
80
6.9
1.4
100
20
20
185
0
55
40
180
7.0
8.3
140
54
3,670
5,510
1,240
350
5,100
3.3
Minimum
60
6.0
0
90
18
1,290
600
155
170
130
Myrtle Point
Sewer 2
Sewer 1
Quantity
Average
Maximum
155
7.6
7.5
143
43
33
386
325
190
233
Average
104
7.3
1.9
121
26
25
275
146
84
195
Sewer 1
Minimum
70
6.9
0.2
102
12
20
205
16
48
94
Maximum
390
7.9
29
804
188
158
3,310
1,690
820
3,170
Average
204
6.9
Minimum
110
4.3
6
197
2
0
64
50
740
330
220
520
14
26
330
125
160
160
Table 7.
City and sewer, date
Corvaliss "A"
8- 2-44
9-23-44
9- 8-44
10- 7-44
10-17-44
Corvallis Fillmore
8- 2-44
8-23-44
9- 8-44
9-16-44
10- 7-44
QUANTITATIVE FLOWS OF CITY SEWAGES
Flow per second
Minimum
How measured
Maximum
Average
Cubic
Cubic
Cubic
1.9
1.7
1.7
2.3
2.4
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.2
2.2
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
1.2
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
2.6
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.1
2.0
2.5
2.0
2.5
2.5
1.1
1.4
1.1
1.3
1.3
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.40
0.40
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.33
0.32
0.35
0.42
0.33
0.38
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.31
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.08
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.02
0.16
1.2
1.7
1.1
2.9
0.9
0.9
0.8
1.4
2.7
1.2
1.2
2.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
1.2
1.3
0.75
0.7
1.1
0.7
0.9
Weir 18" Beet
Weir 18" Beet
Weir 18" Rect
Weir 18" Beet
Weir 18" Rect
Wetr 18" Rect
Weir 18" Rect
Weir 18" Beet
Weir 18" Rect
Weir 18" Rect
0.32
0.32
0.41
0.25
0.24
0.85
0.20
0.21
0.20
0.16
0.23
0.54
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depthand float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
3.43
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.58
1.85
1.58
0.95
1.58
1.85
1.14
1.14
1.85
1.14
2.17
1.14
1.58
1.58
2.17
7.76
2.76
2.17
1.58
2.21
0.83
0.79
0.75
0.87
0.95
0.79
0.91
0.63
0.95
1.02
0.87
0.75
1.18
0.87
0.98
0.92
1.02
1.10
1.18
2.66
2.66
1.54
1.42
1.14
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.28
0.51
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.67
0.39
0.79
0.67
0.67
0.67
0.79
0.79
0.79
7.34
1.34
1.34
1.14
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
feet
feet
Rainfall
Inches
feet
Eugene
Harrisburg Outfall
D.20"
9-16-44
9-26-44
10- 7-44
10-17-44
11- 7-44
11-24-44
Hood River
Trunk Sewer
12- 9-44
12-19-44
12-28-44
1- 7-45
1-15-45
3- 3-45
3-12-45
3-20-45
4- 1-45
4- 5-45
6.9
2.1
2.8
2.8
1.5
4.6
1.8
1.1
Depthandfloat
Independence Outfall
D-12"
9- 5-44
9-18-44
10- 3-44
10-20-44
11-10-44
11-25-44
Lebanont
McMinnville
Cosine Ck
D-24"
8- 4-44
8- 9-44
8-12-44
8-13-44
8-17-44
8-21-44
8-29-44
9- 2-44
9- 3-44
9- 6-44
9-11-44
9-14-44
9-19-44
9-22-44
9-24-44 ----------------------9-30-44 ----------------------10- 6-44 ----------------------10-10-44 -----------------------
10-21-44
10-27-44
10-31-44
11-11-44 ----------------------11-17-44 ----------------------11-21-44 -----------------------
No reproducible measurements were made.
Impossible to measure at time.
44
0.05
Depthandfloat
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.05
0.9
0.80
0.12
0.65
0.19
Table 7.
QUANTITATIVE FLOWS OF CITY SEWACES (Continued)
Flow per second
Maximum Average
City and sewer, date
Trunk Line 48"
8- 4-44
8- 9-44
..
-
How measured
Cubic
4.45
2.60
1.62
1.46
0.14
0.14
Depth and float
Depth and float
2.60
2.60
2.33
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
3.90
4.54
4.54
5.52
4.54
0.50
7.94
8.42
6.50
8.42
8.92
13.45
8.92
7.94
8.42
0.98
0.98
0.96
0.81
0.96
1.22
0.81
0.81
1.78
1.70
1.68
1.30
2.35
3.73
3.73
3.41
4.05
3.89
7.14
4.38
3.89
3.89
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.24
0.16
0.24
0.16
0.16
0.41
0.24
0.24
0.41
0.41
1.18
1.46
1.18
1.62
1.62
3.90
2.11
2.11
1.46
Depth and float
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.37
0.42
0.42
0.32
0.32
0.37
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.64
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.31
0.30
0.31
0.31
0.31
0.30
0.29
0.30
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.27
0.25
0.34
0.26
0.27
0.25
0.27
0.19
0.14
0.23
0.23
0.14
0.19
0.19
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.13
0.13
0.23
0.13
0.23
0.23
0.23
Weir
Wetr
Weir
Weir
Weir
Wetr
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Wetr
Weir
Weir
Wetr
Wefr
Weir
Wetr
Weir
0.07
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.12
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.03
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.62
0.52
0.52
0.52
0.62
0.62
0.45
0.41
0.42
0.38
0.54
0.44
0.22
0.31
0.22
0.22
0.52
0.22
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.05
0.05
0.02
0.03
0.01
0.01
Depth and float
Depth and float
feet
Rainfall
Inches
Cubic
feet
Mcltuinnvillc
Minimum
Cubic
feet
0.05
Ill cMinnville
Lafayette Avenue
8-12-44
8-13-44
8-17-44
8-21-44
8-29-44
9- 2-44
9- 3-44.
9- 6-44
.
9-11-44
9-14-44
9-19-44
9-22-44
9-24-44
9-30-44
10- 6-44
10-10-44
10-21-44
10-27-44..
10-31-44
11-11-44.
11-17-44
11-21-44
-
--
-
-
.'tlosinioutii
7-16-45 -----------------------
7-19-45
7-23-45
7-26-45.
7-31-45
--
8- 3-45
8- 8-45.
8-10-45
8-14-45
8-16-45
8-21-45.
8-23-45
8-29-45
--
-
-
-
-
9- 1-45..
9- 4-45
9- 8-45
-
-
-
--
9-11-45
9-14-45
9-17-45
Depthandfloat
Depth and float
Depthandfloat
-
-
-
.
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
-.
-.
0.05
0.09
0.80
0.12
0.65
0.19
-
-
Newberg No. 1
8-13-44
9-18-44.
10-27-44
10-31-44
11-21-44
-
-
-
10-10-44 -----------------------
Newberg No.
-
-
-
2
D-1o"
8-12-44
9-22-44 ----------------------9-30-44
10-27-44
11-11-44
11-21-44
Neu'bcrg No.
-
3
D-16"
12-13-44
9-30-45 .......................
45
--
--
Table 7.
QUSNTITATIVE Fcows OF CITY SEWAGES (Continued)
LFlow
City and sewer, date
Newberq Iv o. 4
P.8"
8-13-44
10-31-44
8-12-44
Oi egon CiCc Sewer No. 2
I).j 8"
8-12-44
10-31-44
11-21-44
10- 6-44
....
Oregon City Se-eec No. 6
P.24"
8- 4-44
Average
[inimum
Cub,c
feet
Cubie
C utnc
.
D6pih and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.32
0.54
0.92
0.54
0.18
0.43
0.75
0.48
0.10
0.41
0.67
0.42
Depthandfloat
0.34
0.25
0.51
8- 4-44..
0.93
9-24-44 ..........................3
10-21-44
0.18
10-31-44
0.25
-
.
Oregon City Sewer No.
0.02
0.20
0.01
0.01
0.1
0.49
0.7
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.15
0.1
0.2
0.1
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.68
0.37
0.8
Depth and float
Depth and tloat
0.37
0.8
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.5
Depth and float
0.68
1.1
0.12
0.21
0.11
0.11
.......................
.
-
11-17-44
Pendieto,,
1.0
0.72
0.7
0.58
0.73
0.54
12- 9-43
3.75
2.4
1.7
12-23-41
2.75
2.1
1.45
1- 3-43
2.95
2.1
1.45
1-27-44
3.0
2.18
1.5
2- 4-44
2- 5-44
3.05
2.28
1.5
4.2
2.12
1.55
2.35
2.10
1.70
2-20-44
..
-
Depthandlloat
Depthandfloat
II
D-12"
8- 9-44
10- 6-44
Depth and tloai
Depth and float
Depth and float
1.0
1.1
Rainfall
Inches
feet
0.01°
10-27-44.......................
0.66
10-31-44....................... 2.0
Oregon City Sewer No. 7
P-24"
8-21-44
0.24
11-17-44.......................
0.3
Oregon City Scaer N0. 8
1)-is"
8- 4-44
0.93
10-31-44.......................
1.3
Oregon City Sewer No. 9
[530"
feet
How measured
0.01
0.07
0.22
.
per second
Maximum
-
3- 5-44
4.7
2.43
1.65
3-10-44 .......................
3-16-44
3-24-44
4.15
3.41
2.7
3.5
2.70
2.15
3.5
2.8
2.10
4- 1-44
3.45
2.7
2.05
4-11-44
4-12-44.
4-13-44
4-14-44
5.7
2.8
2.15
4.07
2.91
2.20
4.35
2.81
2.12
3.45
2.88
2.20
-
-
...
46
Depthandfloaf
Depth and float
Parshal) flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshatl flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
fntogratnd record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
0.01
0.01
0.22
0.06
0.05
0.35
0.05
1)19
0.14
Table 7. QUANTITATIVE FLOWS OF CITY SEWAGES (Continued)
FLOW lC
City and sewer, date
Maximum Average
Cubic
feet
Pendleton (Continued)
4-15-44 ------------------------3.52
second
Minimum
Cubic
Cubic
feet
2.87
2.4S
2.61
2.25
3.82
2.S7
2.22
3.5
2.82
2.22
3.70
2.91
2.32
4.21
3.4
2.75
5- 3-44.
3.56
2.8
2.20
5-13-44
5-19-44
5-28-44
5-31-44
6-12-44
6-22-44
6-29-44
3.3
2.4
1.9
3.25
2.37
1.75
2.35
2.0
165
4.92
2.36
1.5
2.75
1.9
1.2
3.65
2.7
1.8
3.55
2.51
1.65
2.87
2.1
1.6
3.58
2.45
1.60
3.35
2.43
1.56
3.27
2.39
1.56
3.09
2.12
1.43
2.62
2.09
1.47
2.95
2.10
1.50
3.35
2.28
1.50
2.29
1.92
1.48
2.94
2.04
1.28
2.97
2.19
1.35
3.43
2.32
1.48
2.88
2.15
1.47
7- 4-44
7- 5-44
....
...
.
-
..
.
.......................
7-13-44
7-21-44
7-27-44
-
-
8- 3-44..
-
s-lo-44
8-18-44
S-27-44..
8-31-44
-
..
-
9- 7-44
9-15-44
9-23-44
9-28-44
-
-
2.82
2.03
1.38
10- 7-44
2.63
1.99
1.33
10-12-44 .......................
2.58
2.16
1.48
10-20-44
10-26-44
2.88
2.03
1.42
2.88
2.10
1.41
11- 5-44
2.12
1.83
1.52
2.60
2.02
1.12
2.88
2.04
1.43
11-11-44
11-20-44
-
-
47
Rainfall
I nc/ii's
feet
2.92
4-16-44
4-17-44
4-18-44
4-19-44
4-25-44
HOW measured
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshaltllume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshati ttume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
0.01
0.33
0.03
0.16
0.13
0.16
0.03
((.06
0.26
Table 7. QUANTITATIVE FLOWS OF CITY SEWAGES (Continued)
Flow per second
City and sewer, date
Maximum
Average
Minimum
Cubic
Cubic
Cubic
11-26-44 -----------------------
3.27
2.03
1.51
11-30-44
3.17
2.20
1.50
12- 9-44 -----------------------
2.76
2.01
1.58
12-14-44
2.92
2.18
1.63
12-25-44 -----------------------
2.18
1.86
1.48
12-26-44 -----------------------
2.85
1.99
1.45
2.95
2.15
1.45
1- 8-45 ----------------------- 3.04
2.32
1.62
1-15-45
1-20-45
3.75
2.70
1.94
3.31
2.47
1.90
1-29-45 ------------------------3.18
2.27
1.60
2- 1-45 ------------------------3.16
2.35
1.65
2-12-45
2-16-45
2-27-45
4.70
3.24
2.41
4.41
3.48
2.82
3.54
2.66
2.05
3- 3-45
3.50
2.76
2.07
3-13-45 -----------------------
4.00
3.06
3.32
3-1S-45 ........................3.06
2.64
2.33
3-22-45
4.80
3.62
2.91
4- 2-45
4- 4-45
3.76
2.98
2.37
3.72
3.02
2.34
4-14-45
4-23-45
4-26-45 .......................
3.94
2.85
2.27
4.66
3.71
3.04
4.33
3.52
2.91
Pendleton (Continued)
1- 2-45
feet
feet
How measured
Inches
feet
5- 4-45 ------------------------4.45
3.58
2.95
5-11-45 -----------------------
3.45
3.07
2.40
5-18-45
5-25-45
4.08
3.32
2.68
4.06
3.37
2.50
6- 3-45 ------------------------2.76
2.39
2.06
6-11-45 -----------------------
3.15
2.55
1.90
6-15-45
6-25-45
6-27-45
7- 4-45 .......................
3.24
2.34
1.76
3.67
2.65
1.83
3.35
2.54
1.77
2.54
2.05
1.66
7- 5-45
3.06
2.27
1.58
Rainfall
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshalt flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
Integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshalltlume
integrated record
Parshalt flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshalt flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshalt flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
0.15
0.24
0.41
0.01
0.05
0.31
0.07
0.03
0.07
0.18
-
-
0.13
-
.
-
-
0.02
Table 7.
QUANTITATIVE FLOWS OF CITY SEWAGES (Continued)
Flow per second
City and sewer, date
Maximum Average
Minimum
Cubic
Cubic
Cubic
7-15-45
7-20-45
7-30-45
2.80
2.10
1.44
2.68
1.98
1.74
2.54
1.43
1.20
8- 5-45
2.12
1.66
1.21
8-10-45 -----------------------
2.73
2.01
1.25
8-18-45
8-29-45
2.87
2.09
1.29
3.06
2.03
1.25
4- 1-45
2.83
2.01
1.23
4-11-45
9-20-45
4-30-45
2.87
2.11
1.31
3.14
2.11
1.25
3.0
1.61
1.16
10- 8-45
3.0
1.93
1.15
10-15-45
Pendleton (Continued)
feet
feet
3.06
2.03
1.22
2.10
1.33
10-29-45 ------------------------ 2.98
2.07
1.31
11- 3-45 -----------------------
2.80
2.05
1.37
11- 8-45
2.89
2.04
1.30
11-16-45
11-26-45
3.91
2.20
1.43
3.12
2.34
1.56
12- 1-45
3.60
2.85
2.35
12-10-45
12-14-45
12-24-45
3.18
2.39
1.75
2.95
2.26
1.78
3.26
2.71
2.29
1- 2-46
4.16
3.40
2.93
1-11-46
3.76
3.02
2.36
3.52
2.81
2.17
1-28-46
1-28-46
2-. 2-46
3.52
2.81
2.17
3.81
2.97
2.30
3.45
2.77
2.22
2-12-46 -----------------------
3.44
2.60
1.92
2-16-46 ----------------------
3.33
2.58
1.90
2-24-46
3.33
2.62
1.96
3- 5-46 -----------------------
3.94
3.11
2.41
3-13-46
3-18-46
4.87
3.53
2.82
4.08
3.35
2.75
Rainfall
Inches
feet
10-22-45 ------------------------ 3.03
-19-46 ----------------------
How measured
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
Integrated record
Parshail flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
Integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshal] flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshal] flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
0.01
0.05
0.09
0.05
0.19
0.15
0.13
0.27
0.04
0.04
0.13
Table 7. QUANTITATIVE FLOWS 00 CITY SEWAGES (Continued)
City and sewer, date
Flow per second
How measured
Minimum
Maximum
Average
Cubic
Cubic
Cubic
3-29-46
3.90
3.14
2.45
4- 4-46
4.00
3.18
2.39
4-12-46 -----------------------
4.00
3.18
2.39
4-12-46 -----------------------
3.99
3.34
2.60
4-25-46 -----------------------
4.26
3.53
2.84
5- 2-46 -----------------------
4.10
3.27
2.56
5- 9-46
4.89
3.58
2.83
5-16-46
5-23-46
3.55
2.795
2.28
3.45
2.692
2.06
6- 2-46
3.80
2.92
2.26
6- 7-46 -----------------------
3.55
2.78
2.05
6-11-46
6-21-46
6-30-46
3.65
2.70
1.94
3.5
2.27
1.86
2.5
2.19
1.85
7- 4-46 -----------------------
2.36
2.02
1.64
7-13-46 -----------------------
3.26
2.45
1.65
7-20-46
7-29-46
3.08
2.11
1.43
3.33
2.36
1.40
8- 5-46 -----------------------
3.31
2.31
1.32
3.16
2.24
1.34
2.90
2.10
1.42
9- 4-46
3.29
2.26
1.45
9-10-46 -----------------------
3.51
2.41
1.53
9-19-46 -----------------------
3.13
2.22
1.38
9-24-46 -----------------------
3.05
2.17
1.40
10-10-46
10-20-46
2.80
2.06
1.30
2.08
1.86
1.26
10-24-46 -----------------------
2.95
2.10
1.31
11- 1-46 -----------------------
3.10
2.26
1.52
11-11-46 -----------------------
2.63
1.98
1.37
11-14-46
2.81
2.10
1.46
11-23-46 -----------------------
3.10
2.35
1.69
11-30-46 -----------------------
2.94
2.42
1.95
12- 6-46 -----------------------
2.57
2.40
1.96
12- 6-46 -----------------------
2.57
2.40
1.96
Pendleton (Continued)
8-13-46
8-24-46
feet
feet
Rainfall
Inches
feet
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
fntegrated record
Parshalltlume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
fntegrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshallflume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
Parsha]l flume
integrated record
Parshall flume
integrated record
0.07
0.01
0.06
0.30
0.12
0.12
.-::©::::
9_9
Li
Li
V
-
ci
©-j-
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Li
-
q
-
-
- -
b-O
- ,-4 .-4
c
-l-.O
t9
-o,CCqto
OOO'tC'OO-1
tOt-4OO1t-OOC\1
,ioqoo,-on
OCOqCt
-
cc
COOOOCOe1
,-.4
-
,-
,
ci
c
.2
ci
CC
ci
Co -
- Co
CO
CO
OO1C1U
CO
CO
CoCooCOOb-COOOo
-
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2Co
.CC
ci
__
-
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OQ
Co
.-CO - CO
-
O-C1
Co
Co
CoCoCCCOCOOOLOCOt-aOCo ECo
._
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ci
,-4C0
Otto
Co
-O-1CoCoCCOCO
CC
-
o
C
LOttO
Table 7. QUANTITATIVE FLOWS OF CITY SEWAGES (Coat inucd)
Flow 11cr second
City and sewer, date
Springfield
Maximum
Average
Minimum
Cubic
Cubic
Cubic
3.0
2.4
3.4
1.9
2.6
2.7
2.4
1.8
2.2
6.7
3.5
feet
feet
How measured
Rainfall
Inches
feet
Sewer Outfall
1-11-45
1-14-45
1-26-45
1-30-45
2- 4-45
2-21-45
2-27-45
3- 9-45
3-17-45
3-25-45
4- 5-45
4-11-45
4-16-45
4-22-45
5- 1-45
5- 9-45
5-12-45
5-20-45
5-28-45
6-10-45
6-15-45
6-22-45
6-29-45
7- 4-45
7-13-45
7-21-45
St. Helens
8- 1-44
8- 4-44
8- 9-44
8-12-44
8-13-44
8-17-44
8-21-44
8-25-44
8-29-44
9- 2-44
9- 3-44
9- 6-44
9-11-44
9-14-44
9-19-44
9-22-44
9-24-44
9-30-44
10- 6-44
10-11-44
10-22-44
10-28-44
11- 1-44
11-12-44
11-18-44
11-22-44
The Dalles
10-28-44
10-29-44
10-30-44
10-31-44
11-11-44 .......................
4.6
6.0
2.2
6.7
4.5
2.8
2.9
6.9
8.7
4.8
4.3
44
2.3
4.9
2.1
3.5
3.2
3.8
9.0
2.1
1.3
1.5
1.4
1.7
1.4
2.7
1.59
3.7
2.0
4.1
3.8
2.7
2.1
4.2
7.4
3.7
2.9
3.5
2.2
1.8
2.0
1.9
2.2
2.2
4.9
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.3
13
1.2
1.2
2.4
2.9
1.9
1.4
1.8
1.4
2.1
2.0
1.6
1.1
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.18
0.98
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.59
0.98
1.54
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.18
1.54
1.18
1.18
2.7
0.71
0.62
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.61
0.65
0.56
0.61
0.54
0.78
0.54
0.54
0.78
0.74
0.52
0.88
0.75
0.47
0.72
0.64
1.50
0.78
0.55
1.71
0.29
0.19
0.19
0.23
0.23
0.19
0.23
0.23
0.29
0.29
0.29
0.47
0.29
0.29
0.37
0.47
0.37
0.57
0.37
3.40
3.1
2.4
3.5
3.0
2.4
10.2
3.8
3.4
4.3
3.3
2.4
3.9
3.3
2.6
1.1.8
0.37
0.37
0.37
1.18
0.37
0.37
1.18
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Wetr
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
WeIr
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Weir 24" Rect
pump and sump
Weir 24" Elect
pump and sump
Wetr 24" Elect
pump and sump
Weir 24" Rect
pump and sump
Wetr 24" Elect
pump and sump
Maximum and minimum influenced somewhat by storage and pumping.
0.04
0.18
Table 7.
QUANTITATIVE FLOWS OF CITY SEWAGES (Continued)
Flow per second
City and sewer, date
West Linn
Maximum Average
Minimum
How measured
Rainfall
Inches
Cubic
feet
Cubk
feet
Cubic
0.20
0.38
0.38
0.38
1.25
0.38
0.20
0.29
0.25
0.26
0.72
0.30
0.01
0.22
0.10
0.10
0.22
0.22
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.18
0.18
0.50
0.12
0.10
0.20
0.08
0.02
0.08
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.06
0.10
0.13
0.04
0.05
0.06
Trace
0.04
0.04
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
0.4
0.41
0.18
0.18
0.66
0.02
0.10
0.23
Depth and float
Depth and float
Depth and float
feet
No. 3 D-12"
8-12-44 .......................
9-19-44
9-24-44
10-27-44
10-31-44
11-21-44
West Line
No. 4 D.1O"
9-19-45
10- 6-44
10-31-44
West Linn
No. 5 D.15"
8-12-44
9-19-44
11-21-44
West Lien
No. 6 D-1O"
9-19-44
10-21-44 .......................
10-31-44 .......................
0.94
0.56
0.56
0.56
OREGON STATE COLLEGE
ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION
CORVALLIS, OREGON
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
BulletinsNo. 1.
Preliminary Report on the Control of Stream Pollution in Oregon, by C. V.
Langton and H. S. Rogers. 1929.
No. 2.
A Sanitary Survey of the Willamette Valley, by H. S. Rogers, C. A. Mock-
No. 3.
The Properties of Cement.Sawdust Mortars, Plain, and with Various AdmixtUres, by S. H. Graf and R. H. Johnson. 1930.
No. 4.
Interpretation of Exhaust Gas Analyses, by S. H. Graf, G. W. Gleeson, and
\V. H. Paul. 1934.
No. 5.
Boiler-Water Troubles and Treatments with Special Reference to Problems in
Western Oregon, by R. E. Summers. 1935.
No. 6.
A Sanitary Survey of the Willamette River from Sellwood Bridge to the
No.
Industrial and Domestic Wastes of the Willamette Valley, by G. W. Gleeson
and F. Merryfield. 1936.
Fifty cents.
An Investigation of Some Oregon Sands with a Statistical Study of the Predictive Values of Tests, by C. E. Thomas and S. H. Graf. 1937.
Fifty cents.
Preservative Treatments of Fence Posts.
1938 Progress Report on the Post Farm, by T. J. Starker, 1938.
Fifteen Cents.
more, and C. U. Adams.
Forty Cents.
1930.
Twenty cents.
Twenty-five cents.
None available.
7.
No. 8.
No.
9.
Columbia, by G. W. Gleeson.
Twenty-five cents.
1936.
Twenty-five cents.
Yearly progress report, 9-A, 9-B, 9-C, 9-D, 9-E, 9-F, 9-G.
Fifteen cents each.
Precipitation-Static Radio Interference Phenomena Originating on Aircraft, by
E. C. Starr, 1939.
Seventy-five cents.
No. 11. Electric Fence Controllers with Special Reference to Equipment Developed
for Measuring Their Characteristics, by F. A. Everest. 1939.
Forty cents.
No. 10.
No. 12.
No. 13.
No. 14.
Mathematics of Alignment Chart Construction without the Use of Deter.
minants, by J. R. Griffith. 1940.
Twenty-five cents.
Oil Tar Creosote for Wood Preservation, by Glenn Voorhies, 1940.
Twenty-five cents.
Optimum Power and Economy Air-Fuel Ratios for Liquefied Petroleum Gases.
by W. H. Paul and M. N. Popovich. 1941.
Twenty-five cents.
No. 15.
Rating and Care of Domestic Sawdust Burners, by E. C. Willey.
No. 16.
The Improvement of Reversible Dry Kiln Fans, by A. D. Hughes. 1941.
No. 17.
An Inventory of Sawmill Waste in Oregon, by Glenn Voorhies. 1942.
No. 18.
The Use of Fourier Series in the Solution of Beam Problems, by B. F. Ruff.
Twenty-five cents.
1941.
Twenty-five Cents.
Twenty-five cents.
tier.
1944.
Fifty cents.
No. 19. 1945 Progress Report on Pollution of Oregon Streams, by Fred Merryfield and
W. G. Wilmot. 1945.
Forty cents.
No. 20. The Fishes of the Willamette River System in Relation to Pollution, by R. E.
Dimick and Fred Merryfield. 1945.
Forty cents.
54
The Use of the Fourier Series on the Solution of Beam-Column Problems,
No. 21.
No. 22
by B. F. Ruffner. 1945.
Twenty-five cents.
Industrial and City Wastes, by Fred Merryfield, %V. B. Bollen. and F. C. Kachelhoffer. 1947.
Forty cents.
CircularsA Discussion of the Properties and Economics of Fuels Used in Oregon, by
C. E. Thomas and G. D. Keerins. 1929.
No. 1.
No. 2.
Twenty-five cents.
Adjustment of Automotive Carburetors for Economy, by S. H. Graf and G. W.
Gleeson. 1930.
None available.
No. 3.
Elements of Refrigeration for Small Commercial Plants, by \V. H. Martin.
No. 4.
None available.
Some Engineering Aspects of Locker and Home Cold.Storage Plants, by \V. H.
Martin. 1938.
Twenty cents.
No.
Refrigeration Applications to Certain Oregon Industries, by %V. H. Martin.
1935.
5.
1940.
Twenty.five cents.
No.
6.
The Use of a Technical Library, by W. E. Jorgensen. 1942.
Twenty-five cents.
Saving Fuel in Oregon Homes, by E. C. Willey. 1942.
Twenty-five cents.
No 8. Technical Approach to the Utilization of Wartime Motor Fuels, by W. H. Paul.
No. 7.
1944.
Twenty-five cents.
No. 9.
No. 10.
Electric and Other Types of House Heating Systems, by Louis SIegel. 1946.
Twenty-five cents.
Economics of Personal Airplane Operation, by W. J. Skinner.
Twenty-five cents.
1947.
ReprintsMethods of Live Line Insulator Testing and Results of Tests with Different
Instruments, by F. 0. McMillan. Reprinted from 1927 Proc. N. W. Elec.
Lt. and Power Assoc.
Twenty cents.
No. 2. Some Anomalies of Siliceous Matter in Boiler Water Chemistry, by R. E.
Summers. Reprinted from Jan. 1935, Combustion.
Ten cents.
No. 3. Asphalt Emulsion Treatment Prevents Radio Interference, by F. 0. McMillan.
No.
1.
No. 4.
Reprinted from Jan. 1935, Electrical West.
None available.
Some Characteristics of A-C Conductor Corona, by F. 0. McMillan. Reprinted
from Mar. 1935, Electrical Engineering.
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No.
5. A Radio Interference Measuring Instrument, by F. 0. McMillan and H. G.
No.
6.
No.
7.
No.
8.
No. 9.
Barnett. Reprinted from Aug. 1935, Electrical Engineering.
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Water-Gas Reaction Apparently Controls Engine Exhaust Gas Composition, by
G. 'iV. Gleeson and %V. H. Paul.
Reprinted from Feb. 1936, National
Petroleum News.
Ten Cents.
Steam Generation by Burning Wood, by R. E. Summers. Reprinted from
April 1936, Heating and Ventilating.
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The Piezo Electric Engine Indicator, by W. H. Paul and K. R. Eldredge.
Reprinted from Nov. 1935, Oregon State Technical Record.
Ten cents.
Humidity and Low Temperatures, by W. H. Martin and E. C. Willey. Reprinted from Feb. 1937, Power Plant Engineering.
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55
No. 10.
Heat Transfer Efficiency of Range Units, by W.
No. 11.
Design of Concrete Mixtures, by I. F. Waterman. Reprinted from Nov. 1937,
No. 12.
Water-wise Refrigeration, by W. H. Martin and R. E. Summers.
No. 13.
Polarity Limits of the Sphere Gap, by F. 0. McMillan. Reprinted from Vol.
No. 14.
Influence of Utensils on Heat Transfer, by W. G. Short. Reprinted from
Aug. 1937, Electrical Engineering.
None available.
3.
Walsh.
Reprinted from
Concrete.
None available.
from July 1938, Power.
None available.
Reprinted
58, A.I.E.E. Transactions, Mar. 1939.
Ten cents.
Nov. 1938, Electrical Engineering.
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Corrosion and Self-Protection of Metals, by R. E. Summers. Reprinted from
Sept. and Oct. 1938, Industrial Power.
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Monocoque
Fuselage Circular Ring Analysis, by. B. F. Ruffner. Reprinted
No. 16.
from Jan. 1939, Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences.
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No. 17. The Photoelastie Method as an Aid in Stress Analysis and Structural Design,
by B. F. Ruffner. Reprinted from Apr. 1939, Aero Digest.
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No. 18. Fuel Value of Old-Growth vs. Second-Growth Douglas Fir, by Lee Gabie.
Reprinted from June 1939, The Timberman.
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Stoichiometric Calculations of Exhaust Gas, by G. W. Gleeson and F. W.
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No. 20,
The Application of Feedback to Wide-Band Output Amplifiers, by F. A.
No. 21.
Stresses Due to Secondary Bending, by B. F. Ruffner. Reprinted from Proc.
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Everest and H. R. Johnston. Reprinted from February 1940, Proc. of the
Institute of Radio Engineers.
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March 30, 1940,
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No. 22.
No. 23.
No. 24,
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Wall Heat Loss Back of Radiators, by E. C. Willey. Reprinted from No-
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Stress Concentration Factors in Main Members Due to Welded Stiffeners, b
W. R. Cherry. Reprinted from December, 1941, The Welding Journa,
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Horizontal.Polar.Pattern Tracer for Directional Broadcast Antennas, by F. A.
Everest and W. S. Pritchett. Reprinted from May, 1942, Proc. of The
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Modern Methods of Mine Sampling, by R. K. Meade. Reprinted from January, 1942, The Compass of Sigma Gamma Epsilon.
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No. 29
The Transient Energy Method of Calculating Stability, by P. C. Magnusson.
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56
THE ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION
Administrative Officers
W. L. MARKS, President, Oregon State Board of Higher Education:
PAUL C PACKER, Chancellor, Oregon State System of Higher Education
A. L. STRAND, President, Oregon State College.
G. W. GLEESON, Dean, School of Engineering.
D. M. GOODE, Editor of Publications.
S. H. GRAF, Director, Engineering Experiment Station.
Station Staff
A. L. AI.RT, Communication Engineering.
W. C. BAKER, Air Conditioning.
P. M. DUNN, Forestry.
G. S. FEII<ERT, Radio Engineering.
G. W. GLEESON, Chemical Engineering.
BuanrrE GLENN, Highway Engineering.
G. W. HOLCOMB, Structural Engineering.
C. V. LANGTON, Public Health.
F. 0. MCMILLAN, Electrical Engineering.
W. H. MARTIN, Mechanical Engineering.
FRRD MERRYFIELD, Sanitary Engineering.
C. A. MOCKMORE, Civil and Hydraulic Engineering.
W. H. PAUL, Automotive Engineering.
P. B. PROCTOR, Wood Products.
B. F. RUFFNER, Aeronautical Engineering.
M. C. SHEELY, Shop Processes.
LOUIS SLEGEL, Electric Space Heating.
E. C. STARR, Electrical Engineering.
C. E. THOMAS, Engineering Materials.
J. S. WALTON, Chemical and Metallurgkal Engineering.
Technical Counselors
R. H. BALDOCK, State Highway Engineer, Salem.
IVAN BLOCH, Chief, Division of Industrial and Resources Development, Bonneville Power Administration, Portland.
R. R. CLARK, Designing Engineer, Corps of Engineers, Portland District,
Portland.
DAVID DON, Chief Engineer, Public Utilities Commissioner, Salem.
PAUL B. McKEE, President, Portland Gas and Coke Company, Portland.
B. S. Moaaow, Engineer and General Manager, Department of Public Utilities
and Bureau of Water Works, Portland.
F. W. LIBBEY, Director, State Department of Geology and Mineral Industries,
Portland.
J. H. POLHEMUS, President, Portland General Electric Company, Portland.
S. C. SCHWARZ, Chemical Engineer, Portland Gas and Coke Company, Portland.
J. C. STEVENS, Consulting Civil and Hydraulic Engineer, Portland.
C. E. STRICKLIN, State Engineer, Salem.
S. N. WYCKOFF, Director, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment
Station, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Portland.
2lMar '52
t
Feb ,7
Oregon State College
Corvallis
RESIDENT INSTRUCTION
Liberal Arts and Sciences
Low DIvIsIoN (Junior Certificate)
SCHOOL oi SCIENCE (B.A., B.S., M.A., MS., Ph.D. degrees)
Professional Schools
ScHooL OF AGRICULTURE (B.S., B.Agr., M.S., Ph.D. degrees)
DIVISION OF BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY (BA., B.S., B.S.S. degrees)
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION (B.A., B.S., Ed.B., M.A., M.S., Ed.M.,
Ed.D. degrees)
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL ARTS (B.A., B.S.,
B.I.A., M.A., M.S., ChE., C.E., E.E., ME., MetE., Min.E.
Ph.D. degrees)
FORESTRY (B.S., B.F., M.S., M.F., F.E. degrees)
HOME ECONOMICS (BA., B.S., M.A., M.S., Ph.D.
degrees)
SCHOOL OF PHARMACY (BA., B.S., M.A., M.S. degrees)
SCHOOL OF
SCHOOL OF
Graduate School (MA., M.S., Ed.M., M.F., Ch.E., C.E., E.E., F.E.,
M.E., Met.E., Min.E., Ed.D., Ph.D. degrees)
Summer Quarter
Short Courses
RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTATION
General Research
Agricultural Experiment Station
Central Station, Corvallis
Union, Moro, Hcrmiston, Talent, Astoria, Hood River, Pendleton, Medford, and Squaw Butte Branch Stations
Northrup Creek, Klamath, Malheur, and Red Soils Experimental
Areas
Engineering Experiment Station
Oregon Forest Products Laboratory
EXTENSION
Federal Cooperative Extension (Agriculture and Home Economics)
General Extension Division
7