Applications of the GOES-R HES
(Hyperspectral Environmental Suite)
Infrared measurements
Timothy J. Schmit
IR data from the HES will be used for (in part):
NOAA/NESDIS/ORA (Office of Research and Applications)
Advanced Satellite Products Team (ASPT)
Madison, WI USA
E-mail: Tim.J.Schmit@noaa.gov
Web page: http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/hes/
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Jun Li
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
(CIMSS)
NOAA Goals
providing hourly three-dimensional picture of atmospheric temperature and water vapor;
tracking atmospheric motions and assigning heights more accurately;
distinguishing between ice/water cloud and identifying cloud microphysical properties;
providing a 4 km field of view (FOV) for better viewing between clouds and cloud edges;
providing accurate land and sea surface temperatures and IR surface emissivities;
distinguishing atmospheric constituents, including dust, volcanic ash and ozone;
the high-spectral resolution measurements can also be used for satellite comparisons;
calculating OLR (Outing Longwave Radiation) for climate applications and
detecting clear-sky low-level atmospheric inversions.
W. P. Menzel
In order to meet user requirements, several
instruments have been designated for the
GOES-R notional baseline:
NOAA/NESDIS/ORA (Office of Research and Applications)
Payload key:
HES Hyperspectral Environmental Suite
Sounder (IR) and
Coastal Waters (visible/nearIR)
ABI Advanced Baseline Imager
GLM Geostationary Lightning Mapper
SIS
Solar Imaging Suite
SEISS Space Environment In-Situ Suite
MAG Magnetometer
AUX Auxiliary Services
LRIT--Low Rate Information transmission
EMWIN--Emergency Managers Wx Information Network
DCS--Data Collection System
SAR-- Search and Rescue
Mathew M. Gunshor
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
(CIMSS)
James J. Gurka
NOAA/NESDIS/OSD (Office of Systems Development)
Protect, restore, and manage the use of coastal and
ocean resources through ecosystem-based management
Serve society’s needs for weather and water information
Understand climate variability and change to enhance
society’s ability to plan and respond
Support the Nation’s commerce with information for safe,
efficient, and environmentally sound transportation
The increased spectral, temporal and spatial resolutions of the Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES)
on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-R and beyond will provide a
substantial increase in the quantity and quality of the products. The GOES-R, slated for launch in 2012,
will offer improved data from an advanced operational, geostationary sounder HES. The HES will be a
multi- or high-spectral imager and hyperspectral sounder instrument suite with three threshold tasks. HES
will provide high-spectral resolution Hemispheric Disk Soundings (DS), Severe Weather Mesoscale
(SW/M) soundings, and Coastal Waters (CW) imaging (in the visible/near-IR spectral regions).
HES DS will provide better than 10 km spatial resolution from 3.7 µm to 15.4 µm with a one-hour refresh
rate of the full disk, 62° local zenith angle. SW/M will cover a 1000 x 1000 km square in 4 minutes, at 4
km spatial resolution for the infrared (IR) bands. The GOES-R HES will be a very flexible instrument
that can provide hourly coverage of the near full disk, or provide more frequent coverage of smaller areas
(1000 x 1000 km in 4 minutes) with 4 km horizontal resolution. The latter will be used when there is the
potential for explosive development of severe thunderstorms, hurricanes, or severe winter storms. It can
also be used in areas where the numerical forecast models have low confidence (targeted observations).
Spectral resolution (0.3, 0.6, 1.2 cm**-1) impact on T/q retrieval
Atmospheric Inversions
IR Spectral Coverage (DS or SW/M)
LW
Thin Clouds
Thick Clouds
Thin Clouds
Thick Clouds
0.625cm-1
Example 2
0.6
Cloud
Particle Size
(CPS)
0.625 cm-1
0.625 cm -1
Example 1
2.5cm-1
0.6
O
z
o
n
e
CPS=10
CPS=20
CPS=30
CPS=50
1.25cm -1
cm -1
cm -1
“Traditional Side of
H2O absorption”
C
O
2
(T)
Important lines
for cloud
emissivity and
cloud type
CO N2O
Temperature
Negative Slope – The Dust Signature
SMW
CO2 weak H2O
Green – Clear-sky Spectrum
Profiles used in the forward calculations.
Best products will be realized from combinations of ABI
and HES (Hyperspectral Environmental Suite) data
(IR and Visible/near IR on the HES-Costal Water)!
Negative slope
860
900 cm-1
650
750
850
950 cm-1
Effect of Dust Layer Location
Effect of Dust Particle Sizes
Hyperspectral Reference for Intercalibration of Broadband Sensors
Current GOES
Sounder coverage in
one hour
Much improved spatial
coverage with the HES
Sounder in the 10 km
“disk sounding” mode
Spatial
resolution
Cloud
masking
Surface
emissivity
GOES-R HES
Sounder coverage in
one hour
Cloud Top Pressure
Multi-spectral
bands (VIS/NIR)
From C. Schmidt
820
Spectral
coverage
Spectral
resolution
Simulations of ozone at nadir show the
accuracy of high-spectral resolution data, the
current GOES sounder and the ABI band.
CIMSS
The great amount of information from IR HES measurements on the GOES-R series will both offer a continuation of current product and services, but also allow for improved or new capabilities. These products will
cover a wide range of phenomena. The data will be used in Regional Models (much greater positive impact due to increased vertical resolution, surface emissivity and cloud improvements and better definition of low
level moisture), Global Models (hourly data assimilation and increased spatial resolution), Forecast Offices and National Centers (improved severe weather forecasting due to low-level moisture fields and rapid scan
capability and improved cloud/moisture products to influence hourly roundups and flash flood projections), Tropical Prediction Center (high vertical resolution water vapor wind profiles to improve tropical storm
track/intensity forecasts), Aviation Weather Center (improved depiction of clouds and volcanic ash due to hyperspectral detection), and Synergy (several ABI products will be improved with co-located HES data).