The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Plan of Calibration and
Validation of FY-3
Instruments and Products
DONG Chaohua, YANG Jun, LU Naimeng
LIU Yujie, YANG Zhongdong, CAI Bin
National Satellite Meteorological Center
Beijing, 100081
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Plan of FY-3 Instruments Calibration
3. Plan of FY-3 Quantitative Products
Validation
4. What We Have Done for FY-3?
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
1. Introduction
9Calibration is Aimed at FY-3 Sensors
(Instrument). It ensures that the instrument
data are usable.
9 Validation ensures that the environmental
data products are usable.
9 Both CAL & VAL ensure mission success,
meet the specification and user requirements.
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
2. Plan of FY-3 CAL (1/2)
(1) Prelaunch CAL ( VIS, NIR, IR, MW)
1) CAl at the Instrument Manufacture
Normal Condition
Vacuum Condition
2) Ground Based Testing
MWHS, SBUV, TOU
3) Aircraft Based Testing
MERSI, MWTS, MWHS
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
2. Plan of FY-3 CAL (2/2)
(2) On-orbit CAL
1) Perform on –orbit CAL routinely Based
on the formulation in Lab. CAL
2) Vicarious CAL in the 3 fields:
Qinghai Lake, IR
Dunhuang,
VIS, NIR
Yunnan Lincang, MW
3) Inter CAL (FY-3/NOAA/AQUA/METOP….
4) Intra CAL ( FY-3…….
5) Ground based remote sensing data, such
as AERI
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
3. Plan of FY-3 VAL
9 Prelaunch:
(1) Construct Simulating Data for FY-3
Instruments
1) using current satellite data
2) theoretical calculation with radiant
transfer model
(2) Development of FY-3 Products
(3) Select Ground Truth, such as, Conventional
Data, Model Analysis ( T213, NCEP,
ECMWF), other Center Products, such as
NESDIS,…..
(4) VAL Team
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
9After launch:
(1) Perform Comparison between the
Quantitative Product and Ground truth
Data Routinely, such us Bias, Mean,
Standard Deviation.
(2) Improve Product Algorithm
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
4. What We Have Done for FY-3
(1) CAL for all Instruments at
Engineering Mode
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Low Radiometor
Radiometor Cooler
S(VIRR/ IRAS/ MERSI/ ERM)
IR Calibration Diagram
P: 3× 10-5 Pa
He: 15K
LN: 86K
BB: 180K—330K
Instrument: 0° —35
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
MW T / V CALIBRATION DAIGRAM
LN
CARRIER
WARM TARGET
INSTRUMENT
CABLE
COLD TARGET
SCENE
TARGET
LN
P
C
CONDUCT
BELT
P:1.3 E-3Pa ; INSTRUMENT T: -5---35
Scene target T: 110-350k; Cold Target T: 85K
PC
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
160nm∼250nm VACUUM
CALIBRATOIN DAIGRAM
VACCUM CHAMBER
DIFFUSEe
REFLECTION
PLATE
SBUS
CONTROLLER
STANDARD
PUMP
DEUTERIUM LAMP
POWER
PC
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
VACUUM CHAMBER
IR
MW
SBUS
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
IRAS CAL Curve (1/2)
CH1
250
CH2
220
200
180
y=0.00000723x2+0.195x+174.63
y=-0.0005x2+0.7324x+229
radiance(mW/(m 2.sr.cm-1))
radiance(mW/(m 2.sr.cm-1))
200
150
100
50
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
0
-250
-200
-150
-100
mean counts
-50
20
-800
0
-600
-400
CH3
220
-200
mean counts
0
200
400
CH4
250
200
180
200
radiance(mW/(m 2.sr.cm-1))
radiance(mW/(m 2.sr.cm-1))
y=-0.00000296x2+0.1096x+167.23
160
140
120
100
80
60
y=-0.00000149x2+0.0703x+158.09
150
100
50
40
20
-1400 -1200 -1000
-800
-600 -400 -200
mean counts
0
200
400
600
0
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
mean counts
0
500
1000
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
IRAS CAL Curve (2/2)
CH8
CH7
250
250
200
radiance(mW/(m 2.sr.cm-1))
radiance(mW/(m 2.sr.cm-1))
200
y=-0.000000847x2+0.0648x+157.38
150
100
50
0
-2500
y=-0.000000953x2+0.0281x+145.4
150
100
50
-2000
-1500
-1000
-500
mean counts
0
500
0
-4000
1000
-3000
-2000
CH9
1000
2000
3000
CH10
180
200
-1000
0
mean counts
160
180
y=-0.00000149x2+0.0193x+129.49
140
radiance(mW/(m 2.sr.cm-1))
radiance(mW/(m 2.sr.cm-1))
160
140
120
100
80
60
y=-0.000000248x2+0.0248x+102.94
120
100
80
60
40
20
40
0
20
0
-4000
-20
-4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
mean counts
2000
3000
4000
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
mean counts
1000
2000
3000
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
50.3GHz Antenna Pattern
150GHz
Antenna Pattern
Vertical co-polar
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Antenna Pattern Results
10.65GHz
Main beam efficiency: 0.9405
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Frequency(GHz)
ε
Δε
f
f
⋅ 10
150±3
183.31±3
183.31±10
220*
0.998(4)
0.998(4)
0.998(-1)
0.998(-2)
0.997(7)
13.5
11.8
15.5
20
22
4
TN (K )
T CO 2 (K
140*
78.5
)
205
TK(K)
293
Δ T N , CO 2 (K )
0.15
Δ T Ni , CO 2 (K )
T WK
TWCO 2
≤0.11
4.8
3.1
3.1
2.8
1.9
1.4
1.4
1.0
T WK
ΔT
Δ T brCO
Δ T
Ae
Cold Source
0
N
br
2
K
br
(sm2)
ΔAe(sm2)
1.9
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.6
1980
30
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Frequency(GHz)
Δε
ε
f
f
⋅ 10
4
T i Kr (K
183.31±3
10
293
ΔTK (K )
Hot Source
150±3
0.9990
TK(K)
Δ T Ki (K
140*
≤0.05
)
≤0.03
)
0.05
Δ TbKr (K )
≤1
183.31±10
220*
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
(2) Instrument Testing on the Ground
¾ MWHS
¾ SBUS & TOU
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Purpose of The Field Tests
Performance Testing:
9 Get knowledge of MWHS,SBUS,TOU
9 Observation comparison between
SBUS and TOU with the zenith sky
radiance.
9 Comparison of SBUV ground based
direct solar irradiance observation
with the theoretical calculation.
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Tipping Curve Calibration Test
MWHS
Ground Testing
On top of Buliding
In Beijing
24/02/2006
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Results of Tipping Curve Calibration Test
Voltage Imager of 150GHz(V)
Voltage Imager of 150GHz(H)
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Summery About MWHS Tipping Curve CAL Test
9Calibration bias can be up to 0.5K, if the
climate averaged T be used.
9Pointing error of MWHS can make great
uncertainty
for
calibration.
When
pointing error is 1°, the calibration error
is up to 2K.
9Tapping curve calibration is not good
enough for atmosphere absorbing
channel.
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Field Tests with FY-3 Ozone Instruments
Site: Lijiang, YuNan
Time:Nov2005-Dec 2005
TOU
SBUS
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Comparison Results of 312nm
Channel
312nm
SBUV
TOU
vi s=50
vi s=100
3
2. 5
2
1. 5
1
0. 5
0
8: 24
9: 36
10: 48
12: 00
13: 12
14: 24
15: 36
16: 48
18: 00
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
(3) Preparation for Aircraft Based
Instrument Testing
MERSI
MWHS
MWTS
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Y-8 Flight
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
The Flight Path (1/2)
DunHuang
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
The Flight Path (2/2)
QinHai Lake
South China
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
(3) Two Radiometric Calibration Sites
are Available for VIS, NIR IR in China
9 In 1994, Dun Huang of Gansu Province
and Qinghai Lake of Qinghai Province
have been chosen as the two absolute
radiometric calibration sites
9 In order to verify the performance of
the sites and make calibration data for
FY etc. Satellites, 7 Times Simultaneous
Observations have been done at/over the
two sites Since 1999
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
CRCS Location
Dun Huang
China Radiometric Site
Qinghai Lake
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
QingHai lake Calibration Site (TIR, VIS, NIR)
• Location: 37.0°N, 100.0°E, 4635km2
• Altitude: 3196m
• Water Depth: 20m
z Climate:
z
T 0.9°c/y, R 352 mm/y, RH 58% /y
z
Sunshine 3000h/y
Good Lambertian feature, dry atmosphere, and high visibility
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Dun Huang Calibration Site (VIS, NIR, SIR)
z Location: 40.1°N, 94.3°E, 30km×40km
z Altitude: 1176m
z Surface type: Gobi Desert
z Climate:
T 9.5°c/y, R 42 mm/y, RH 43.9%/y
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Characterization of Dunhuang site
0.35
Reflectance:
0.30
Reflectance
0.25
Surface Reflectance of Dunhuang
1999-7-07
1999-7-16
2000-9-13
2002-4-17
2004-8-20
2005-7-12
0.20
0.15
0.10
400
600
800
1000
1200
Aerosol:
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
Wavelength(nm)
1.0
0.55
1999
2000
2002
2003
2004
0.50
0.40
0.6
Angstrom α
Aerosol Optical Depth
0.45
1999
2000
2002
2003
2004
0.8
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.4
0.2
0.20
0.15
0.0
0.10
0
2
4
6
Month
8
10
12
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Mont h
8
9
10
11
12
13
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Atmopsheric Transmittance
0.8
Transmittance
MERSI
VIRR
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Wavelength(μm)
VIRR IR bands
3.55-3.93μm
4
10.3-11.3μm
5
11.5-12.5μm
MERSI IR bands
5
Transmittance
MERSI
VIRR
0.8
Atmopsheric Transmittance
3
1.0
0.6
0.4
0.2
11.25±1.25μm
0.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Wavelength(μm)
2.0
2.2
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Site calibration field Campaign
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Calibration Curves of FY-1C VIS and
Near IR Channels with Time (1/2)
Plots of FY1c2b calibration (0.48-0.53um),22/09/2000
Plots of FY1c2b calibration (0.43-0.48um),22/09/2000
12
12
G=0.05259879;I=-0.36959,pre..f
a=0.0483;b=-0.6760,7/1999
a=0.0703;b=-0.9839,9/2000
10
a p p a r e n t r e fle c ta n c e ( % ) ,( ze n ith = 0 )
a p p a r e n t r e fle c ta n c e ( % ) ,( ze n ith = 0 )
10
2000
8
Pre. launch
6
1999
4
2
0
-2
0
20
40
60
80
100 120
Satellite Digital Counts
0.43-0.48
G=0.05358025;I=-0.4827336,pre..f
a=0.0479;b=-0.5269,7/1999
a=0.0646;b=-0.7111,9/2000
140
160
180
8
6
4
2
0
-2
0
50
100
Satellite Digital Counts
0.48-0.53
150
200
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Calibration Curves of FY-1C Thermal
IR Channels (2/2)
FY-1C Calibration Curve(2BCH5)
FY-1C Calibration Curve(2BCH4)
250
250
200
200
0824
0826
0826d
0824
0826
0826d
150
Radiance
Radiance
150
100
100
50
50
0
0
200
400
600
Digital Count
800
1000
1200
0
0
200
400
600
Digital Count
800
1000
1200
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Site CAL Results of FY-1C RSB
Date
Ch1
Ch2
Ch6
Ch7
Ch8
Ch9
Ch10
PreflyCal
1998
0.0918 0.0923 0.0840 0.0526 0.0536 0.0537
0.0952
07/07/1999
0.0829 0.0892 0.0598 0.0483 0.0479 0.0777
0.0902
22/09/2000
0.1414 0.1072 0.0685 0.0703 0.0646 0.0913
0.1094
10/07/2002
0.0959 0.1142 0.0645 0.2199 0.2205 0.0758
0.1163
18/07/2002
0.0954 0.1129 0.0644 0.2338 0.2228 0.0757
0.1123
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
FY-1C GLOBAL NDVI
(BEFORE CAL.)
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
FY-1C GLOBAL NDVI
(AFTER CAL.)
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
(4) The Proposed CAL Site for
Microwave Instrument
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
¾ Location: 23°55′10″N--24°06′15″N, 100 °10 ′15
″E--100°20′29 ″E
¾ Size: 179km2
¾ Forest area: 103km2
The subtropical rain forest
in Yunnan
The observation situation
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
The Field Site Condition
9 The snow mountain nature reserve areas located
in the South of the Yunnan, China. It is the cite
selected for the microwave radiance cal/val.
9 Climate:
¾Temperature:
• the year mean temperature: 7-17
¾Precipitation
• the year precipitation amount: 12402900mm
• the dry season: from November to April
• the wet season: from May to October
9 Vegetation: subtropical forever green broadleaf
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
AMAZON Tropic Forest for Microwave CAL
A
A 4N
4N 1S,
1S, 53W
53W 59W
59W
B
B 5S
5S 10S,
10S, 65W
65W 74W
74W
A
A
B
B
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
RESULTS
RESULTS
SSMI TB
TBc
Bias
Rmse
19GHz
283.3±1K
284.5
-1.2K
0.15K
23GHz
282.7±1K
282.5
0.2K
0.09K
36GHz
279.3±1K
279.3
0.0K
0.08K
85GHz
283.7±1K
283.4
0.3K
0.12K
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
(5) FY-3A Major Remote Sensing
Instruments and Simulating Data(1/2)
Instrument name of FY-3A
Major characteristics
Simulating Data Source for FY-3A
Imaging Mission
Visible and InfraRed
Radiometer (VIRR)
Spectral range: 0.43 12.5μm
Channel numbers: 10
Cross track scanning: ±55.4°
Spatial resolution: 1.1 KM
VIRR/ FY-1D
Medium Resolution Spectral
Imager (MERSI)
Spectral range: 0.41 12.5μm
Channel numbers: 20
Cross track scanning: ±55.4°
Spatial resolution: 0.25 1KM
MODIS/AQUA
Microwave Radiation Imager
(MWRI)
Frequency range: 10.65 150GHz
Channel numbers: 12 (6 frequencies
with H,V polarization)
Conical scanning: 110.8°
Spatial resolution: 15-80 KM
AMSR-E/ AQUA
Total Ozone mapping Unit
(TOU)
Spectral range: 309 361nm
Channel numbers: 6
Cross track scanning: ±56.0°
Spatial resolution: 50 KM
TOMS
OMI/AURA
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
FY-3A Major Remote Sensing
Instruments Simulating Data Source(2/2)
Sounding Mission
Infrared Atmospheric
Sounder (IRAS)
Spectral range: 0.69 15.5μm
Channel numbers: 26
Cross track scanning: ±49.5°
Spatial resolution: 17.0 KM
HIRS/NOAA
Microwave Atmospheric
Temperature Sounder
(MWTS)
Frequency range: 50 57GHz
Channel numbers: 4
Cross track scanning: ±48.6°
Spatial resolution : 50 75 KM
MSU/NOAA-14
AMSU-A/NOAA-18
Microwave Atmospheric
Humidity Sounder
(MWHS)
Frequency range: 150 183GHz
Channel numbers: 5
Cross track scanning: ±48.95°
Spatial resolution (SSP): 15 KM
AMSU-B/NOAA-18
Solar Backscatter
Ultraviolet Sounder
(SBUS)
Spectral range: 252 280nm
Channel numbers: 12
Cross track scanning: ±56.0°
Spatial resolution : 200 KM
SBUV/NOAA
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
(6) VAL Team Is Available
9Investigate Data Source
9Evaluate Data for Future FY-3A
Products Validation
The 15th International TOVS Study Conference (ITSC-15), Maratea, Italy Oct. 4-10, 2006
Thank you!