ITSC-12 :
POSTER on PASSIVE MICROWAVES protection :
================================================================
Guy ROCHARD CMS Météo-France France <Guy.Rochard@meteo.fr>
The protection of the passive microwave sensing of the Earth surface and atmosphere is
a dramatic challenge due to the hudge pressure of the commercial and military telecoms.
Since 2 years, ITWG is a member of SFCG (Space Frequency Coordination Group) and
has been already represented at the SFCG 20 meeting in Cairns by John Le Marshall
and Guy Rochard in 2000 ,as well as at the SFCG 21 meeting in Cayenne last year.
SFCG 22 will be in Italy next fall and ITWG will be represented at least by G.Rochard.
For the time being , one important topic on which ITWG can help is to consolidate and
justify the DeltaT in the “draft” WMO table below. A small drafting group has been
identified for this job and will work by correspondance during spring 2002.
Drafting subgroup :
Narinder CHAUHAN, Steve ENGLISH, John DERBER,
Albin GASIEWZKY, Roger SAUNDERS, Guy ROCHARD, Jean-Noel THEPAUT
and Tony McNALLY.
====> An UPDATED table and a one page of scientific JUSTIFICATIONS
must be available by next july and distributed to ITWG, WMO and SFCG.
DOCUMENTS FROM FEBRUARY 2002 :
=====================================
Document ITU (7C/TEMP/69-E) :
=========================
DRAFT REVISION OF RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SA.1028-1
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA FOR SATELLITE PASSIVE
REMOTE SENSING
(Question ITU-R 140/7)
TABLE ITU
Performance Criteria for Passive Remote Sensing of Environmental Data
Frequency
Band(s)(1) (GHz)
1.37-1.4s,
1.4-1.427P
2.64-2.655s,
2.655-2.69s,
2.69-2.7P
4.2-4.4s,
4.950-4.990s
6.425-7.25
10.6-10.68p,
10.68-10.7P
15.2-15.35s,
15.35-15.4P
18.6-18.8p
21.2-21.4p
22.21-22.5p
23.6-24.0P
31.3-31.5P,
31.5-31.8p
36.0-37.0p
50.2-50.4P
52.6-54.25P,
54.25-59.3p
86.0-92.0P
100.0-102.0P
109.5-111.8P
114.25-116.0P
115.25-116.0P,
116.0-122.25p
148.5-151.5P
155.5-158.5(3)p
164.0-167.0P
174.8-182.0p,
182.0-185.0P,
185.0-190.0p,
190.0-191.8P
200.0-209.0P
226.0-231.5P
235.0-238.0p
250.0-252.0P
275.0-277.0
294.0-306.0
316.0-334.0
342.0-349.0
363.0-365.0
371.0-389.0
Total BW
required (MHz)
Required
Te (K)
Data
availability
(%)(7)
Scan
Mode (N, L)(4)
100
0.05
99.9
N
45
0.1
99.9
N
200
0.3/0.05(6)
99.9
N
200
0.3/0.05(6)
99.9
N
100
1.0/0.1(6)
99.9
N
200
0.1
99.9
N
200
200
300
400
1.0/0.1(6)
0.2/0.05(6)
0.4/0.05(6)
0.05
95/99.9(6)
99/99.9(6)
99/99.9(6)
99.99
N
N
N
N
500
0.2/0.05(6)
99.99
N
1 000
200
1.0/0.1(6)
0.05
99.9
99.99
N
N
6 700(2)
0.3/0.05(6)
99.99
N
6 000
2 000
2 000
1 750
0.05
0.005
0.005
0.005
99.99
99
99
99
N
L
L
L
7 000 (2)
0.05/0.005(5)
99.99/99(5)
N, L
3 000
3 000
3 000(2)
0.1/0.005(5)
0.1
0.1/0.005(5)
99.99/99(5)
99.99
99.99/99(5)
N, L
N
N, L
17 000(2)
0.1/0.005(5)
99.99/99(5)
N, L
9 000(2)
5 500
3 000
2 000
2 000(2)
12 000(2)
18 000(2)
7 000(2)
2 000
18 000(2)
0.005
0.2/0.005(5)
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.2/0.005(5)
0.3/0.005(5)
0.3/0.005(5)
0.005
0.3
99
99.99/99(5)
99
99
99
99.99/99(5)
99.99/99(5)
99.99/99(5)
99
99.99
L
N, L
L
L
L
N, L
N, L
N, L
L
N
Frequency
Band(s)(1) (GHz)
Total BW
required (MHz)
Required
Te (K)
416.0-434.0
442.0-444.0
496.0-506.0
546.0-568.0
624.0-629.0
634.0-654.0
659.0-661.0
684.0-692.0
730.0-732.0
851.0-853.0
951.0-956.0
18 000(2)
2 000(2)
10 000(2)
22 000(2)
5 000(2)
20 000(2)
2 000
8 000(2)
2 000(2)
2 000
5 000(2)
0.4
0.4/0.005(5)
0.5/0.005(5)
0.5/0.005(5)
0.005
0.5/0.005(5)
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.005
NOTES:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Data
availability
(%)(7)
99.99
99.99/99(5)
99.99/99(5)
99.99/99(5)
99
99.99/99(5)
99
99
99
99
99
Scan
Mode (N, L)(4)
N
N, L
N, L
N, L
L
N, L
L
L
L
L
L
P = Primary Allocation, shared only with passive services (S5.340); p = primary allocation, shared
with active services; s = secondary allocation.
This bandwidth is occupied by multiple channels.
This band is needed until 2018 to accommodate existing and planned sensors.
N = Nadir, Nadir scan modes concentrate on sounding or viewing the Earth's surface at angles of
nearly perpendicular incidence. The scan terminates at the surface or at various levels in the
atmosphere according to the weighting functions. L = Limb, Limb scan modes view the atmosphere
"on edge" and terminate in space rather than at the surface, and accordingly are weighted zero at
the surface and maximum at the tangent point height.
Second number for microwave limb sounding applications.
First number for sharing conditions circa 2003; second number for scientific requirements that are
technically achievable by sensors in next 5-10 years.
Data availability is the percentage of area or time for which accurate data is available for a
specified sensor measurement area or sensor measurement time. For a 99.99% data availability, the
measurement area is a square on the Earth of 2,000,000 km2, unless otherwise justified; for a 99.9%
data availability, the measurement area is a square on the Earth of 10,000,000 km2 unless otherwise
justified; for a 99% data availability the measurement time is 24 hours, unless otherwise justified.
****************************************
DOCUMENT WMO (7C/205-E) :
=========================
WMO INFORMATION TO ITU
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
Long term objectives for EESS passive bands
The table below identifies provisional temperature sensitivities (Te) which are
expected to have, in the longer term, a positive impact on numerical weather prediction,
nowcasting, climatology and atmospheric chemistry. The most stringent numbers are
requested for climate monitoring and detection of global change. Investigations are
continuing to consolidate the Te values.
TABLE WMO
Long-term objectives for passive sensor sensitivities
Frequency
band(s)(2)
(GHz)
1.37-1.4s,
1.4-1.427P
2.64-2.655s,
2.655-2.69s,
2.69-2.7P
4.2-4.4s,
4.950-4.990s
6.425-7.25
10.6-10.68p,
10.68-10.7P
15.2-15.35s,
15.35-15.4P
18.6-18.8p
21.2-21.4p
22.21-22.5p
23.6-24.0P
31.3-31.5P,
31.5-31.8p
36.0-37.0p
50.2-50.4P
52.6-54.25P,
54.25-59.3p
86.0-92.0P
100.0-102.0P
109.5-111.8P
114.25116.0P
115.25116.0P,
116.0122.25p
148.5-151.5P
155.5158.5(3)p
164.0-167.0P
174.8-182.0p,
182.0-185.0P,
185.0-190.0p,
190.0-191.8P
200.0-209.0P
226.0-231.5P
235.0-238.0p
250.0-252.0P
275.0-277.0
294.0-306.0
316.0-334.0
342.0-349.0
Objective
Te(K)
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.1
0.1
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.005(3)
0.005(3)
0.005(3
0.01/0.005(1)
0.05/0.005(1)
0.05
0.05/0.005(1)
0.05/0.005(1)
0.005(3)
0.05/0.005(1)
0.005(3)
0.005(3)
0.005(3)
0.1/0.005(1)
0.05/0.005(1)
0.05/0.005(1)
Frequency
band(s)(2)
(GHz)
363.0-365.0
371.0-389.0
416.0-434.0
442.0-444.0
496.0-506.0
546.0-568.0
624.0-629.0
634.0-654.0
659.0-661.0
684.0-692.0
730.0-732.0
851.0-853.0
951.0-956.0
Objective
Te(K)
0.005(3)
0.05
0.01
0.05/0.005(1)
0.01/0.005(1)
0.1/0.005(1
0.005(3)
0.1/0.005(1
0.005(3)
0.005(3)
0.005(3)
0.005(3)
0.005(3)
NOTES:
(1) First number for vertical (close to nadir) sounding; second number for limb sounding
applications.
(2) P = Primary Allocation, shared only with passive services (S5.340); p = primary
allocation shared with active services, s = secondary allocation.
(3) Limb sounding band.
****************************************