Assignment 9, due Wed April 13, 2005
The following
Note C' = glottalized consonant, y = palatal glide [j]
Synthesized forms are in parentheses (others may also be synthesized, but by someone other than me)
a. Vowel harmony
Nonfuture
1
2
3
4
5
Nonfuture
passive
xatit
bok'it
xilit
mutut
hudut
xathin
bok'hin
xilhin
muthun
hudhun
Future
(xaten)
(bok'en)
(xilen)
(muton)
(hudhon)
Future
passive
(xatnit)
bok'nit
xilnit
mutnut
(hudnut)
Perfective
Imperative
Dubitative
(xatmi)
bok'mi
xilmi
(mutmu)
(hudmu)
(xatk'a)
(bok'k'o)
(xilk'a)
(mutk'a)
(hudk'a)
xatal
bok'ol
xilal
(mutal)
hudal
Participative/
Hortative
xatxa
bok'xo
xilxa
(mutxa)
hudxa
Gloss
'eat'
'find'
'tangle'
'swear'
'recognize'
b. Stem-final CC clusters
Nonfuture
1
2
3
4
5
Nonfuture
passive
(pat.it)
pait.hin
logiwhin
ugunhun
lihimhin
luk'ulhun
(logwit)
(ugnut)
(lihmit)
(luk'lut)
Future
(pat.en)
(logwen)
(ugunon)
(lihmen)
(luk'lon)
Future
passive
(pait.nit)
Perfective
Imperative
Dubitative
(pait.mi)
(logiwmi)
(ugunmi)
(lihimmi)
(luk'ulmu)
(pait.k'a)
(logiwk’a)
(ugunk'a)
(lihimk'a)
(luk'ulk'a)
pat.al
logwol
ugnal
lihmal
luk'lal
Future
passive
(sapnit)
(dosnit)
(lannit)
(mek'nit)
(wonnit)
(dosnit)
Perfective
Imperative
Dubitativ
(sapmi)
(dosmi)
(lanmi)
(mek'mi)
(wonmi)
(dosmi)
sapk'a
dosk'o
lank'a
mek'k'a
wonk'o
(dosk'o)
(amilnit)
(sonilnit)
(p'axat'nit)
(opotnit)
(pananit)
(hoyonit)
(ilenit)
(amilmi)
(sonilmi)
(p'axat'mi)
(amilk'a)
(sonilk'o)
(p'axat'k'a)
sapal
dosol
lanal
mek'al
wonol
dosol
amlal
sonlol
(opotmi)
(panam)1
(hoyom)1
(ilem) 1
(opotk'o)
(panak') 1
(hoyok') 1
(ilek') 1
p'axat'al
opo:tol
panal
hoyol
ilel
Perfective
Imperative
Dubitative
(c'ommu)
(sogmu)
c'omk'a
(sogk'a)
(otmu)
(c’uyom) 1
(otk'a)
(c’uyok’) 1
(s.udok'k'a)
c'omal
sogal
(otal)
c'uyol
(logiwnit)
(ugunnit)
(lihimnit)
(luk'ulnut)
Participative/
Hortative
(pait.xa)
Gloss
'fight'
(logiwxa)
(ugunxa)
(lihimxa)
(luk'ulxa)
'pulverize'
'drink'
'drink'
'bury'
c. Long vowels
Nonfuture
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
saphin
doshin
lanhin
mek'hin
wonhin
doshin
amilhin
sonilhin
p'axat'hin
opothin
panahin
hoyohin
ilehin
Nonfuture
passive
sapit
dosit
lanit
mek'it
(wonit)
dosit
amlit
(sonlit)
Future
(p'axat'it)
(opotit)
(panat)
(hoyot)
(ilet)
(p'axat'en
(opo:ten)
???
???
???
sapen
dosen
lanen
mek'en
wonen
(dosen)
(amlen)
(sonlen)
Participativ
/Hortative
(sapxa)
(dosxo)
(lanxa)
(mek'xa)
(wonxo)
(dosxo)
(amilxa)
(sonilxo)
(p'axat'xa)
(opotxo)
(panax1)
(hoyox1)
(ilex1)
Gloss
'eat'
'report'
'hear'
'swallow'
'hide (trans)'
'reports'
'help'
'pack onback'
'mourn'
'arise'
'arrive'
'name'
'fan'
d. Some more data:
Nonfuture
1
2
3
4
5
c'omhun
soghun
othun
c’uyohun
s.udok'hun
1
Nonfuture
passive
(c'omut)
(sogut)
otut
c'uyot
s.udok'ut
Future
c'o:mon
(sogon)
(oton)
???
(s.udok'on)
Future
passive
(c'omnut)
(sognut)
otnut
(c’uyonut)
s.udok'nut
(s.udok'mu)
s.udok'al
Do not attempt to account for these, unless you have extra time & motivation.
Participative/
Hortative
(c'omxa)
(sogxa)
(otxa)
(c’uyox) 1
(s.udok'xa)
Gloss
'reports'
'de-cork'
'steal'
'urinate'
'remove'