Comparative morphometry of the Rocky Mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni)
by Ramona Denton Holt
A THESIS Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of Master of Science in Fish and Wildlife Management
Montana State University
© Copyright by Ramona Denton Holt (1955)
Abstract:
Twenty-three meristic counts and 34 measurements were made on 407 specimens of Prosopium
williamsoni collected from 5 states in northwestern United States. The means of meristic counts and
some body proportions were tested by analysis of variance for significance. The test results were
compared with the range of variation for each body character within and among drainages and
collections. The body proportion and meristic count ranges overlapped "among collections and within
Missouri River drainage, Columbia River drainage (except head width in head of collection ll), and
Bear River drainage (except branchiostegals, dorsal rays and anal rays of collection 12). Data from the
present study and ten other studies oh body proportions and meristic counts of P. williamsoni, P.
dregonium, P. spilohotus, P. coulteri, P. cylindraceum, and Coregonus clupeaformis were compared.
All species could be separated from one another except P. oregonium and P1 spilonotus, which were
indistinguishable from P1 williamsoni. The ranges of all body characters of these two species fell
within the range of P. williamsoni. J
J COMPARATIVE MORPHOMETRY OF THE
ROCKY MOUNTAIN TfflITEFISH ( PROSOPIUM TtfilXIAJvISONl)
by
RAMONA DENTON HOLT
A THESIS
S ubm itted to th e G raduate F a c u lty
in
p a r t i a l f u l f i l l m e n t o f th e re q u ire m e n ts
f o r th e d eg ree o f
M aster o f S cien ce in F is h and W ild lif e Management
at
Montana S ta te C o lle g e .
Approved;
Bozeman, Montana
A p r il, 1 9 #
-
2-
TABIE OF CONTENTS
Page
A b s tra c t ...................................................................... .......................................
3
I n tr o d u c tio n .....................................................................................................
It
Methods ................................................................................................................
7
M easurements and co u n ts ..................................................................
7
S t a t i s t i c a l tre a tm e n t ......................................................................
8
Comparison o f body p ro p o rtio n s and c o u n ts ............................... ..
8
Among a l l t h i r t e e n c o lle c tio n s ...................................................
9
Among d ra in a g e s ....................................................................................
9
W ithin B ear R iv e r d ra in a g e ...........................................................
lit
Among non-m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f Columbia R iv e r d ra in a g e
lit
W ithin m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f Columbia R iv e r d ra in a g e . .
15
Among non-m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f M isso u ri R iv e r d ra in a g e
15
W ithin m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f M isso u ri R iv e r d ra in a g e . .
15
Comparison o f s ix C oregonine f is h e s ...................................................
16
D is c u s sio n ..........................................................................................................
18
Summary ................................................................................................................
19
L i t e r a t u r e c i t e d ............................................................................................
20
114763
ABSTRACT
T w enty-three m e r is tic co u n ts and 3h m easurem ents were made on 1;07
specim ens o f Prosopium w illia m s o n i c o l l e c t e d from £ s t a t e s i n n o rth w e ste rn
U n ite d S t a t e s . The means o f m e r is tic c o u n ts and some body p ro p o rtio n s
were t e s t e d by a n a ly s is o f v a ria n c e f o r s i g n if ic a n c e . The t e s t r e s u l t s
were compared w ith th e ran g e o f v a r i a t i o n f o r each body c h a r a c te r w ith in
and among d ra in a g e s and c o l l e c t i o n s . The body p r o p o r tio n and m e r is tic
co u n t ra n g e s o v e rla p p e d "among c o ll e c t i o n s and w ith in M isso u ri R iv e r d r a in ­
a g e , Columbia R iv e r d ra in a g e (e x c e p t h ead w id th i n head o f c o l l e c t i o n l l ) ,
and" B ear R iv e r d ra in a g e (e x c e p t b r a n c h io s te g a ls , d o r s a l ra y s and a n a l
ra y s o f c o l l e c t i o n 1 2 ). D ata from th e p r e s e n t s tu d y and te n o th e r s tu d ie s
oh body p ro p o r tio n s and m e r is tic c o u n ts o f JP1 w illia m s o n i, P1 dregonium ,
P . s p ilo h o tu s , P1 c o u l t e r i , P1 cy lin d ra ce u m , and Coregonus clu p ea fo rm is
w ere compared. A ll s p e c ie s co u ld be s e p a r a te d from one a n o th e r e x ce p t
P . oregonium and JP1 s p ilo n o tu s , which w ere in d is tin g u is h a b le from P1
w illia m s o n i. The ra n g e s o f a l l body c h a r a c te r s o f th e s e two s p e c ie s f e l l
w ith in th e ran g e o f P . w illia m s o n i.
-It-
HTRODUG TION
■> The C oregonines a re known to be a p l a s t i c g ro u p , even w ith in g e n e ra .
C o n sid e ra b le v a r i a t i o n i n th e m e r is tie c h a r a c te r s o f .Prosopium w illia m s o n i
was n o te d by McHugh (1 9 3 6 ).
W eisel and D illo n (l95>lt) compared P* w illia m -
s o n i w ith P. c o u l t e r i and r e p o r te d v a r ia tio n s ' i n b o th s p e c ie s .
Dymond
(l9U 3) found s im ila r d e g re es o f v a r i a t i o n i n i \ c y lin d raceu m , P., oregonium
and P .- c o u l t e r i .
Kennedy’s (19^3) m easurem ents and c o u n ts on P . c y lin d r a -
ceum a g re e w ith Dymond’s (l9 lt3 ) r e s u l t s .
T h irte e n c o lle c tio n s o f P. w illia m s o n i w ere .examined t o compare bodyp ro p o r tio n s and m e r is tie c h a r a c te r s and t o s tu d y l o c a l ra c e v a r ia tio n s o f
th e s p e c ie s .
T w enty-three m e r is tie c o u n ts and 3k m easurem ents were made on
Uo7 sp ecim en s.
These f i s h were c o lle c te d from th r e e m ajor d ra in a g e s in
f iv e s t a t e s (F ig . l ) .
F iv e c o lle c tio n s were o b ta in e d from th e M isso u ri E iv e r d ra in a g e as
fo llo w s :
( l ) Tongue R iv e r , above D ayton, Wyoming; (2 ) South Fork o f
Shoshone R iv e r, i n and above B u ffa lo B i l l E e s e r v o ir , Wyoming; (3 ) Yellow­
s to n e R iv e r, I ? m ile s below L iv in g s to n , Montana; (U) Hebgen Lake, an im­
poundment on th e Madison R iv e r , a t W est Y e llo w sto n e , Montana; and (3) Red
Rock G reek, above Upper Red Rock Lake i n th e h ead w aters o f th e J e f f e r s o n
R iv e r, M ontana.
The Tongue R iv e r and th e South Fork o f Shoshone R iv e r a re
i n th e d ra in a g e o f th e lo w er Y ellow stone R iv e r.
These two c o lle c tio n s and
th e one from Y ellow stone R iv e r a re more o r l e s s i s o l a t e d from one a n o th e r
b y th e h ig h te m p e ra tu re o f th e low er Y ellow stone R iv e r.
W h ite fish are
r a r e l y ta k e n below B i l l i n g s , however a few have been r e p o r te d downstream
GTON
AX H
F ig u re I .
Map o f n o rth w e stern U nited S ta te s showing lo c a tio n o f c o lle c tio n s , ( l ) Tongue R iv er,
(2) South Fork o f Shoshone R iv e r, (3) Y ellow stone R iv e r. (4) Hebgen Lake, (5) Red
Rock C reek, (6) B itte r r o o t R iv e r. (7) W h ite fish R iv e r. (8) Thompson Lakes. (9) Lake
Pend O r e ille , (10) P helps Lake, ( l l ) McKenzie R iv e r, (12) Bear Lake, and (13) Logan
R iv e r.
6 ""
—
a s f a r a s M iles C ity 5 M ontana.
The w h ite f is h from Hebgen Lake and Red
Rock C reek a re n o t i s o l a t e d from each o th e r b y n a t u r a l b a r r i e r s , a lth o u g h
a r t i f i c i a l b a r r i e r s t o u p stre am movement e x i s t in th e h ead w aters o f th e
J e f f e r s o n R iv e r and Madison R iv e r a t th e p re s e n t tim e .
S ix sam ples were c o lle c te d from th e Columbia R iv e r d ra in a g e as
fo llo w s :
(6 ) B i t t e r r o o t R iv e r5 L o lo 5 M ontana3 ( ? ) W h ite fis h R iv e r5 above
K a l i s p e l l 5 M ontana; (8) Thompson L akes5 i n th e h ead w aters o f Thompson
R iv e r 5 Montana; ( 9 ) Lake Pend O r e i l l e , on th e C la rk Kork R iv e r ; (lO )
P helps L ake5 i n Grand T eton N a tio n a l P a rk 5 Wyoming; and ( l l ) McKenzie
R iv e r 5 below Leaburg Dam5 Eugene5 Oregon.
The B i t t e r r o o t R iv e r 5 W h ite fis h
R iv e r and Thompson R iver- a re i n th e d ra in a g e o f th e C la rk Fork R iv e r in
M ontana.
The C la rk F ork R iv e r flow s th ro u g h Lake Pend O r e ille i n Idaho
and e n te r s th e Columbia R iv e r in C anada.
P helps Lake i s i n th e extrem e
h ead w aters o f th e Snake R iv e r and th e McKenzie R iv e r i s t r i b u t a r y t o th e
W illa m e tte R iv e r and th e low er Columbia R iv e r .
No n a t u r a l b a r r i e r s se p a ­
r a t e d th e w h ite f is h ta k e n from th e Columbia R iv e r d ra in a g e w ith th e
p o s s ib le e x c e p tio n o f th o s e from P h elp s L ak e.
Numerous dams now p re v e n t
u p stre am movement o f w h ite f is h i n t h i s d ra in a g e .
The two c o ll e c t i o n s from th e B ear R iv e r d ra in a g e a r e :
( l 2 ) Bear
L ake5 i n th e h eadw aters o f B ear R iv e r 5 Idaho and U tah; and ( 1 3) Logan
R iv e r 5 above Logan5 U tah.
These c o l l e c t i o n s a re from t r i b u t a r i e s o f B ear
R iv e r w hich e n te r s G re a t S a l t Lake.
No n a t u r a l b a r r i e r s e x i s t i n t h i s
d r a in a g e .
The w r i t e r w ishes t o th a n k D r. 0 . J . D. Brown who d ir e c te d th e s tu d y
-
' and h e lp e d p re p a re th e m a n u sc rip t.
s u g g e s tio n s th ro u g h o u t th e s tu d y .
B ernard O s t le .
7-
D r. R o b ert R. M ille r o f f e r e d v a lu a b le
S t a t i s t i c a l guidance was g iv en by D r.
C o lle c tio n s o f w h ite f is h were s u p p lie d b y C. J . D. Brown,
R ic h a rd B. M ille r , I e r o y E l l i g , M arvin F . B oussu, P e rr y He N elso n , Frank
A. S te f a n ic h , John Echo, R ic h ard Graham, C h ris J e n s e n , W illiam J . McConn­
e l l , C h arles F . Sow ards, P e te M cCreary, N els A. Thoreso n , James R. Simon,
H arold K. Hagen, M artin L aakso, W illiam D. C lo th ie r , and P a u l W. Jep p son.
METHODS
A ll w h ite f is h were p re s e rv e d i n 10 p e r c e n t fo r m a lin .
The coelom ic
c a v i t y o f th e l a r g e r specim ens was e i t h e r i n j e c t e d w ith fo rm a lin o r c u t
open t o in s u re p e n e tr a tio n o f th e p r e s e r v a t i v e .
Each c o l l e c t i o n was
soaked i n w a te r f o r a d ay b e fo re e x a m in a tio n .
M easurements and c o u n ts :
M easurements and co u n ts fo llo w e d th e system
o u tlin e d by Hubbs and L a g le r (l9 U 7 )•
A ll m easurem ents w ere ta k e n to th e
n e a r e s t o n e -te n th m illim e te r w ith c a l i p e r s , e x c e p t s ta n d a rd and t o t a l
le n g th s w hich were d e term in e d to th e n e a r e s t m illim e te r on a m easuring
b o a rd .
A ll w e ig h ts were to th e n e a r e s t o n e-h u n d red th pound.
were made as fo llo w s ;
S cale c o u n ts
l a t e r a l l i n e s c a l e s , d o r s a l o r ig i n t o l a t e r a l l i n e ,
a n a l o r ig i n to l a t e r a l l i n e , p r e d o r s a l ro w s, p r e d o r s a l s c a l e s , body c i r ­
cum ference rows above and below l a t e r a l l i n e , and c a u d a l p ed u n cle circu m ­
fe re n c e rows above and below l a t e r a l l i n e .
The f i n ra y s w ere determ in ed
f o r a l l f i n s and b o th l e f t and r i g h t b r a n c h io s te g a l ra y s were co u n ted .
G i l l r a k e r d e te rm in a tio n s w ere made on th e f i r s t g i l l a rc h o f th e r i g h t
s id e .
The p y lo r ic c a e c a were s e p a r a te d from, th e stom ach and counted
-
in d iv id u a lly .
8-
The ntunber o f v e rte b ra e was co u n ted a f t e r making a s a g i t ­
t a l s e c tio n p a r a l l e l to th e v e r t e b r a l colum n.
S t a t i s t i c a l tr e a tm e n t:
A ll m e r is tie c o u n ts and 2$ body p ro p o rtio n s
were t e s t e d b y a n a ly s is o f v a ria n c e i n 7 d i f f e r e n t co m b in atio n s o f d r a in ­
ages and c o l l e c t i o n s , making a t o t a l o f 336 t e s t s .
a tio n s w ere:
These t e s t combin­
(a ) among a l l t h i r t e e n c o l l e c t i o n s j (b) 'among d ra in a g e s
(M isso u ri R iv e r, Columbia R iv e r and B ear R iv e r d r a in a g e s )$ (c ) w ith in
B ear R iv e r d ra in a g e (B ear la k e and Logan R iv e r) $ (d) among non-m ixing
p o p u la tio n s o f Columbia R iv e r d ra in a g e ( B i t t e r r o o t R iv e r, 1W h ite fish R iv e r,
Thompson Lakes and Lake Pend O r e ille c o l l e c t i v e l y , and P h elp s Lake and
McKenzie R iv e r s e p a r a te ly ) j (e) w ith in m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f Columbia
R iv e r d ra in a g e ( B i t t e r r o o t R iv e r, H h ite f is h R iv e r , Thompson L ak es, and
Lake Pend O r e i l l e ) j ( f ) among non-m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f M iss o u ri R iv er
d ra in a g e (Tongue R iv e r, South F ork o f Shoshone R iv e r, and Y ellow stone
R iv e r s e p a r a te ly , and Hebgen Lake and Red Rock Creek c o l l e c t i v e l y ) j and
(g ) w ith in m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f M iss o u ri R iv e r d ra in a g e (Hebgen Lake and
Red Rock C re e k ).
The s ig n if ic a n c e o f th e r e s u l t s was d e term in e d a t th e
f i v e p e r c e n t and one p e r c e n t l e v e l s .
COMPARISON CF BODY PROPORTIONS' AND COUNTS
' A n a ly sis o f v a ria n c e o f th e means o f most r a t i o s and c o u n ts was
s i g n i f i c a n t a t th e one p e r c e n t l e v e l .
I t seemed im p e ra tiv e t o compare
th e t e s t s w ith th e ra n g e s and av erag es f o r a i l c o lle c tio n s ('Table I ) .
Only th o s e w hich were s i g n i f i c a n t a t th e one p e r c e n t l e v e l and had
d if f e r e n c e s i n ra n g e s o r a v erag e s a re d is c u s s e d below .
-
9-
Among a l l t h i r t e e n c o lle c tio n s ( a ) :
The v a ria n c e o f th e means f o r
a l l body p ro p o r tio n s and m e r is tic co u n ts was s i g n i f i c a n t a t th e one p e r
cent le v e l.
However, th e ra n g e s o f v a ria n c e o v erla p p ed f o r many p ro p o r­
t i o n s and c o u n ts ( Table X ).
C o lle c tio n 6 h as a s m a lle r head i n le n g th
range th a n c o l l e c t i o n s 10 and 1 3.
The ran g e o f d e p re sse d a n a l i n le n g th
i s s m a lle r i n c o l l e c t i o n X t h a n - i n .XO and I B i< The c a u d a l b ase to lo n g e s t
r a y i n le n g th i s g r e a t e r in c o l l e c t i o n £ th a n in 9«
C o lle c tio n I has a
s m a lle r p e lv ic i n le n g th ran g e th a n 10 and th e o r b i t i n le n g th ran g e o f
c o l l e c t i o n U i s g r e a t e r th a n i n 6 .
The ra n g e o f a d ip o se h e ig h t i n adipose
b ase o f c o l l e c t i o n $ i s s m a lle r th a n in 9.
C o lle c tio n s 6 , 7 5 and 9 have
12-lU d o r s a l ra y s w h ile c o l l e c t i o n 12 has 9 -1 2 ,
C o lle c tio n s I , 2 , 8, 9,
and 13 have few er s c a le s below th e l a t e r a l l i n e th a n 3 and
C o lle c tio n s
3 and L have a g r e a t e r body c irc u m fe re n ce rows t o t a l th a n c o lle c tio n s 7 '■
and 8 .
C o lle c tio n s I and 3 have 17-20 g i l l r a k e r s w h ile c o l l e c t i o n 6 has
21-25»
C o lle c tio n s I , 2 , 9 , and 13 have 5 8 - 6 l v e rte b ra e and c o lle c tio n s
5 , 8 , and 11 have 53-58..
C o lle c tio n 8 h a s a s m a lle r ra n g e o f p y lo r ic
c ae c a th a n c o l l e c t i o n 13.
Among d ra in a g e s ( b ) :
The av erag es o f d e p re sse d d o r s a l i n le n g th , d e­
p re s s e d a n a l i n le n g th , p e lv ic f i n l e t i n p e lv ic f i n , and v e r te b r a e are
s m a lle r f o r th e c o l l e c t i o n s from th e M isso u ri E lv e r and Colum bia R iv e r
d ra in a g e s th a n from th e B ear R iv e r d r a in a g e .
Columbia R iv e r and Bear
R iv e r d ra in a g e s average l a r g e r body w id th i n le n g th and a d ip o se h e ig h t i n
a d ip o se b a se r a t i o s th a n th e M isso u ri R iv e r d ra in a g e .
The av erag es o f
isth m u s w id th i n isthm us le n g th r a t i o and g i l l r a k e r co u n t o f th e Columbia
Table I .
Rangee and averages o f body p ro p o rtio n s and m e rle tlc counts o f Prosoplua wi l l lmms o n l.
M issouri R iver
Drainage
Columbia R iver
Bear R iver
C ollection
I
2
3
It
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Number of specimens
30
30
30
30
30
21*
50
30
27
30
30
50
16
L»2-L.8
U.5
2 .0 -2 .U
2.2
U .l-5.3
U.7
6.3-7.7
6.9
3.1-3.7
3.1
3 .5 -tj.l
3.8
1 .7-5.6
5.1
3
U.9
U.U-5.6
It.9
5.8-6.5
6.2
5.0-5.8
5.5
5.6-6.5
6.1
It.3-5 .0
U.6
2.2-2.5
2.3
It.2-5.1
It.6
6 .1 -8 .0
7.0
3.2-3.9
3.5
3 .5-U .l
3.9
lt.5-5.lt
It.9
lt.O-lt.7
lt.lt
2 .0 -2 .It
2.2
3 .9 -5 .I
U.5
5.8-7.lt
6.6
3 .0 -lt.l
3 .It
3.8-L.3
It.I
It.7-5.6
5.1
lt.6-5.5
5.1
It.6-5.6
5.1
5.7-7.0
6.3
5.2-6.0
5.6
5 .6-6.?
6.1
It.8
2.1-2 .It
2.3
3 .8 -5 .I
It.3
5.3-8.lt
6.3
3.1-3.8
3 .It
3.7-!t.3
lt.0
It. 7-5 .6
5.1
It.7-6.1
5.3
L*5-^#6
It.6
6.2 -7 .5
6.9
5.6-6.9
6.1
6.1t-7.1t
6.9
U.0-U.7
it.i*
2.2-2.5
2.3
I*.2-5.3
I*.8
6 .5 -8 .7
7.3
3.1-3.9
3 .It
3.8-1*.6
It.2
lt.5 -6 .l
5.0
L*L-$*7
It.9
It.5-5.7
5.1
5.9-7.6
6.5
I*.8-6.1
5.1*
5 .6 -7 .It
6 .It
lt.6-5.0
It.8
2.1-2 .It
2.3
I*.3-5.3
I*.8
6 .9 -8 .I*
7.7
3.1-3.9
3.5
3.8-1*.It
lt.1
lt.3-5.0
It.6
I*.2-5.2
It.6
lt.6-5.6
5.2
6.U-7.9
7.1
lt.3-5.0
I*.7
2.1-2.3
2.3
I*.2-1*.9
It.6
6*2—
8*1
7.0
3.1-3.7
3.1*
3.6-1*.3
lt.0
I*.5-5.3
lt.9
It.6-6.6
Sail
I*.6-6.2
5.3
6.1-7.3
6.6
5.5-6.9
6.1
6.2-8.0
6.8
3.9 -5 .0
It.5
I . 9-2.3
2.1
3 .8 -5 .It
It.6
6 .3 -8 .7
7.5
2 .9 -3 .8
3.1*
3.7-L .9
lt.lt
It.7-6.2
5.3
3.9 -5 .8
It.7
I*.9-6.3
5.6
6 .7 -9 .6
6.1
It.7-6.3
5.1*
6.0 -8 .7
6.8
It.7-5.3
lt.9
2 .1 -2 .6
2.2
I*.1-5.1
It.6
6.2-8.2
7.3
3.2-3.7
3.1*
3.7-lt.O
3.8
It.5 -5 .1
lt.8
It.7-6.2
5.5
I*.7-5.6
5.2
6 .3 -7 .1
6.7
5.8 -6 .5
6.1
6.3 -7 .6
6.9
Head in length
Predorsal In length
Body depth in length
Body width in length
Dorsal origin to occiput in length
Anal origin to CB in
length
CB to adipose origin
in length
CB to longest ray in
length
Deoressed dorsal in
length
Depressed anal in
length
Pectoral in length
Pelvic in length
5.3
It.9
S.6-7.2
6.5
5.0-6.2
5.7
5.8-7.3
6.5
It. 3-5.0
It.7
2.2-2 .It
2.3
lt.l-lt.9
U.5
5.6-7.0
6.3
3.1 -3 .8
3.1t
3.6-1*.2
3.9
lt.6-5.6
I*.9
5.1-6.2
5.7
It.7-5.7
5.1
6.1 -7 .8
7.1
5.6-6.9
6.3
6.3-7.7
7.0
It.1-1*.6
lt.lt
2 .2 -2 .It
2.3
It.5-5.0
I*.7
6.0-7.2
6.6
3.2-3.6
3.1*
3.8-1*.2
lt.0
lt.lt-5.1
It.8
It.7-5.6
5.1
L*6-$*2
lt.9
6.0-7.3
6.5
5.2 -6 .1
5.8
5.8-7.2
6.6
5 .It
6.1 -7 .2
6.6
It.6-5 .It
I*.7
5.1
2 .1 -2 .It 2.2-2.5
2.3
2.1*
It.3-5.9
It.9
lt.9
6 .9 -9 .3 6*6-8*3
7.7
7.5
3.0-1*.3 3.2-3.9
3.6
3.5
3.7-L.3 3#8-L#li
lt.0
i*.i
lt.3-5.2 I*.5-5.6
It.8
5.1
lt.lt-lt.9 I*.5-5.7
It.6
5.0
I*.5-5.2 It.8-5.9
5.0
5.3
5.9 -7 .3 6.8-8*2
7.6
6.7
5 .1 -6 .I 5.5-6.8
6.2
5.6
5 .9 -7 .I 6.7-8.3
6.6
7 .It
Table I (continued)
Drainage
C ollection
Branchiostegals
(rig h t)
Branchlostegals
( le f t)
Dorsal rays
Anal rays
P ectoral rays
(rig h t)
Pectoral rays
( le f t)
Pelvic rays (rig h t)
P elvic rays ( l e f t )
Caudal rays
L a te ra l lin e
Scales above la te r a l
lin e
Scales below la t e r a l
lin e
Predorsal ro w
M issouri River
Columbia River
I
2
3
U
5
7-9
8.0
7-9
7.8
11-13
12.3
10-12
11.1
15-17
15.7
15-16
15.8
10-11
10*9
10-11
10.9
19
19
80-89
83.7
9-10
9.0
7-8
7.2
29-32
30.2
8-9
8.1»
7-9
8.1»
12-11»
12.3
10-12
11.1
15-17
15.6
15-16
15.5
10-12
10.7
10-12
10.8
19
19
79-89
83.6
9-10
9.1
7-8
7.2
29-33
29.8
7-9
8.2
8-9
8.6
12-11»
12.6
10*12
11.3
15-17
15.7
11,-17
15.1»
11-12
11.1
10-12
10.9
19
19
75-92
82.8
9-10
9.8
8-10
9.1
28-31»
30.7
7-9
8.0
7-9
8.3
11-13
12.1»
10-12
10.7
15-17
15.9
15-18
16.1
10-11
10.8
10-11
10.5
19-20
19.1
80-90
81».8
10-11
10.2
7-10
8.7
29-35
30.9
7-9
8.1
7-10
8.2
U - I i1
13.1
10-12
11.3
15-18
16.1»
15-18
16.5
10-12
U .l
11-12
H .3
18-21
19.1
78-87
82.9
9 -U
9.9
8-10
8.3
29-35
32.1
6
7
. . .
• • •
# #e
12-11»
12.7
10-12
11.3
10-17
15.7
lit-16
15.8
10-13
U .l
10-12
U.O
19-21
20.0
71,-85
79.1»
9 -U
10.0
8-9
8.1»
26-31
28.8
. . .
. . .
12-11»
12.6
10-12
11.2
15-19
15.6
It1-IS
15.6
10-12
10.9
10-12
10.9
19-21
19.9
71,-85
80.9
9-10
9.5
7-9
8.0
27-31
28.6
Bear River
8
9
10
U
7-8
7.1
7-9
7.7
11-12
U .L
IO -U
10.1»
15-18
16.7
15-18
16.6
IO -U
10.9
IO -U
10.9
19
19
76-83
79.2
9-9
7-9
8.0
7-9
7.9
12-11»
12.5
10-12
10.9
15-18
16.1
15-18
16.0
IO -U
10.9
IO -U
10.8
19
19
71,-88
79.7
8-10
8.9
6-8
7.0
27-30
29.0
7-9
8.1
5-9
7.6
U -H 1
12.1»
10-12
U .3
15-18
16.0
15-18
16.6
10-12
10.8
10-13
10.6
18-20
18.9
73-87
80.2
8 -U
10.2
7-9
8.2
28-32
29.8
7-9
8.2
7-10
8.6
U -13
12.3
10-13
U .7
11,-16
15.1»
11,-17
15.2
8 -U
10.5
IO-U
10.1
18-20
19.0
75-91
82.1,
9-10
9.7
7-9
8.2
29-35
31.8
9*0
7-7
7 .0
28-30
28.8
12
6-8
7.3
6-9
7.5
9-12
10.9
9 -U
9.9
11,-17
15.11
H1-IS
15.1»
10-12
10.7
10-12
10.7
18-29
18.7
71-86
80.1
8-10
9.1
6-10
7.6
28-36
30.5
13
8-9
8.3
8-9
8.6
12-13
12.5
11-12
11.5
15-16
15.9
11,-16
l5.l»
IO -U
10.5
9 -U
10.1»
19
19
81-89
81».3
9-10
9.1
7-8
7.2
28-33
30.2
Table I (continued)
C o lle c tio n
B ran ch io steg als
( r ig h t)
B ran ch io steg als
(le ft)
D orsal ray s
Anal rays
P e c to ra l ray s
( r ig h t)
P e c to ra l ray s
(le ft)
P elv ic ra y s ( r ig h t)
P e lv ic ray s ( l e f t )
Caudal rays
L a te r a l lin e
S cales above l a t e r a l
lin e
S cales below l a t e r a l
lin e
Predorsal rows
Columbia R iver
M issouri R iver
Drainage
I
2
3
I*
5
7-9
8.0
7-9
7.8
11-13
12.3
10-12
11.1
15-17
15.7
15-16
15.8
10-11
10*9
10-11
10.9
19
19
80-89
83.7
9-10
9.0
7-6
7.2
29-32
30.2
8-9
8.1*
7-9
8.1*
12-11*
12.3
10-12
11.1
15-17
15.6
15-16
15.5
10-12
10.7
10-12
10.8
19
19
79-89
83.6
9-10
9.1
7-6
7.2
29-33
29.6
7-9
8.2
8-9
8.6
12-11*
12.6
10-12
11.3
15-17
15.7
lL-17
15.1*
11-12
11.1
10-12
10.9
19
19
75-92
82.8
9-10
9.8
8-10
9.1
28-31»
30.7
7-9
8.0
7-9
8.3
11-13
12.1*
10-12
10.7
15-17
15.9
15-18
16.1
10-11
10.8
10-11
10.5
19-20
19.1
80-90
61*.8
10-11
10.2
7-10
8.7
29-35
30.9
7-9
8.1
7-10
8.2
11-11»
13.1
10-12
11.3
15-18
16.1»
15-18
16.5
10-12
U .l
11-12
11.3
18-21
19.1
78-87
82.9
9-11
9.9
8-10
8.3
29-35
32.1
6
7
...
...
...
...
...
12-11*
12.7
10-12
11.3
10-17
15.7
ll*-l6
15.8
10-13
11.1
10-12
11.0
19-21
20.0
7l*-85
79.1*
9-11
10.0
8-9
8.1,
26-31
28.8
12-11*
12.6
10-12
11.2
15-19
15.6
ll»-l8
15.6
10-12
10.9
10-12
10.9
19-21
19.9
7L-85
80.9
9-10
9.5
7-9
8.0
27-31
28.8
...
Bear R iver
8
9
10
11
12
13
7-8
7.1
7-9
7.7
11-12
U.l*
IO -U
10.1*
15-18
16.7
15-18
16.6
IO -U
10.9
10-11
10.9
19
19
76-83
79.2
9-9
9.0
7-7
7.0
28-30
28.8
7-9
8.0
7-9
7.9
12-11*
12.5
10-12
10.9
15-18
16.1
15-18
16.0
IO -U
10.9
IO -U
10.8
19
19
7l*-88
79.7
8-10
8.9
6-8
7.0
27-30
29.0
7-9
8.1
5-9
7.8
Il-H i
12.1*
10-12
U .3
15-18
16.0
15-18
16.6
10-12
10.8
10-13
10.6
7-9
8.2
7-10
8.6
11-13
12.3
10-13
U .7
11-16
15.1*
11,-17
15.2
8 -U
10.5
10-11
10.1
18-20
19.0
75-91
82.1*
9-10
9.7
7-9
8.2
29-35
31.8
6-8
7.3
6-9
7.5
9-12
10.9
9 -U
9.9
11,-17
15.1*
11,-16
15.1*
10-12
10.7
10-12
10.7
18-19
18.7
71-86
80.1
8-10
9.1
6-10
7.6
28-36
30.5
8-9
8.3
8-9
8.6
12-13
12.5
11-12
11.5
15-16
15.9
11,-16
15.1*
10-11
10.5
9 -U
10.1*
19
19
81-89
81*.3
9-10
9.1
7-8
7.2
28-33
30.2
1 8 -2 0
18.9
73-87
80.2
8 -U
10.2
7-9
8.2
28-32
29.8
T able I (c o n tin u e d )
C o llectio n
Pred o rsal sc a le s
Pody circum . rows
(above LL)
Body circum . rows
(below LL)
Body circum . rows
(to ta l)
CP circum. rows
(above LL)
CP circum . rows
(below LL)
CP circum . rows
(to ta l)
G illra k e rs
V ertebrae
P y lo ric caeca
Columbia River
M issouri R iver
Drainage
I
2
3
31-35
32.6
19-21
31-36
32.8
19-22
19.8
214-27
21*.9
15-50
31-36
33.L
20-21
20.3
25-28
26.5
U7-51
1 9 .8
214-27
25.7
16-50
1*7.5
10
I 4 6 .8
1 8 .0
9-10
9.8
9-10
9.8
20-22
21.6
19-22
20.14
58-61
59.5
75-116
91.5
59.7
76-116
89.9
10
9-10
9.9
21-22
21.9
17-20
5 8 -6 1
U
5
29-37
30-37
314.0
33.8
18-22
20-23
21.0
20.1
25-28
25-29
26.2
26.9
1*5-50
1*7-53
I 4 8 .8
50.0
1*8.3
10-11
9-11
9-10
10.1
10.1
9.9
9-10
9-10
9-11
10.0
9.8
9.9
21-21*
20-22
21-23
22.0
22.1
21.7
18-20
18-23
18-23
19.1
19.9
20.7
55-60
53-58
53-59
56.6
56.9
55.5
68-130
79-11*3 65-11*6
102.3
109.7
113.1
6
7
8
9
29-35
31.3
29-35
31.6
17-20
18.7
22-25
23 . L
!*1-1*7
l*l*.l
8-10
9.3
8-10
9.2
19-22
20.1»
19-25
22.1
55-59
57.1
82-117
98.2
29-33
30.9
28-36
31.6
18-20
18-20
18.9
23-25
23.7
1*3-1*7
1*1*.6
19.2
22-26
23.8
1*3-1*8
1*5.1
9-10
9.2
9-10
9.3
20-22
18-21
19.0
23-26
2l*.5
!*3-1*8
1*5.7
9-10
9.5
9-10
9.2
20-22
20.7
21-25
22.6
56-59
57.2
73-125
97.2
9 -9
9.0
9-9
9.0
20-20
20.0
19-21*
21.1*
53-58
5 5 .5
61-95
77.6
2 0 .5
18-23
20.1»
58-61
59.1*
67-105
86.9
Bear R iver
10
30-36
32.1*
20-22
20.7
21,-27
25.1
1*7-50
1*7.8
9-10
9.7
9-10
9.5
20-22
21.2
18-23
19.1»
51-59
57.9
50-132
100.7
11
12
13
31-37
31*.I
19-23
20.0
22-27
21*.7
1*3-50
1*6.8
8-10
9.3
9-10
9.3
19-22
20.6
30-36
32.3
16-20
18.9
20-26
23.2
39-1*9
1*1*.I
9-10
9.6
9-10
9.7
20-22
21.3
17-21
19.1*
31-39
3U.6
19-21
19.6
23-26
21*.5
18-22
19.8
53-58
55.7
90-128
101*.6
• • •
1*6.2
9-10
9.1*
9-10
9.1
20-22
20.5
18-21
20.1
58-61
59.5
99-126
110.1*
4V *
R iv e r d ra in a g e a re g r e a t e r th a n th e a v e ra g e s o f M isso u ri R iv e r and Bear
R iv e r d ra in a g es*
The M isso u ri R iv e r d ra in a g e av erag es a l a r g e r o r b i t i n
le n g th r a t i o th a n th e o th e r d r a in a g e s .
W ithin B ear R iv e r d ra in a g e ( c ) ;
The av erag es o f a n a l o r ig in to
c a u d a l b ase i n le n g th , c a u d a l base to a d ip o se o r ig i n i n le n g th , d e p re sse d
a n a l i n le n g th , and isthm us w id th i n isth m u s le n g th a re l a r g e r i n c o l­
l e c t i o n 12 th a n in 1 3.
The o r b i t i n le n g th r a t i o and l a t e r a l l i n e count
a re s m a lle r i n c o l l e c t i o n 12 th a n in 13.
The ran g es and a v erag e s o f th e
r i g h t b r a n c h io s te g a ls , d o r s a l ra y s and a n a l ra y s o f c o l l e c t i o n 12 (Bear
Lake) ag ree w ith S n y d e r’s (191?) o r i g i n a l d e s c r ip tio n o f P\ s p ilo n o tu s
(T able IX ), and s e p a ra te i t from c o l l e c t i o n 1 3 .
However, th e ra n g e s o f
a l l r a t i o s and c o u n ts o f P . s p ilo n o tu s and c o lle c tio n 12 f a l l w ith in th e
ra n g e s o f a l l o th e r P » ■w illia m s o n i o f th e p re s e n t s tu d y .
Among non-m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f Columbia R iv e r d ra in a g e ( d ) :
C ol­
l e c t i o n 11 h as l a r g e r o r b i t in le n g th and c a u d a l base t o lo n g e s t r a y in
le n g th a v e ra g e s th a n c o l l e c t i o n 10 and th e f o u r m ixing p o p u la tio n s (6 , T3
8 , and 9 ) ,
C o lle c tio n 10 a v erag e s l a r g e r d e p re ss e d a n a l i n le n g th and
p e lv ic i n le n g th r a t i o s th a n th e o th e r c o l l e c t i o n s .
The m ixing popu­
l a t i o n s av erag e few er p r e d o r s a l s c a le s and p y lo r ic c aeca and more g i l l r a k e r s th a n c o lle c tio n s 10 and 1 1.
The av erag e isthm us w id th i n isth m u s
le n g th f o r c o l l e c t i o n 10 i s much h ig h e r th a n f o r o th e r c o lle c tio n s *
C ol­
l e c t i o n 11 (McKenzie R iv e r) compares q u ite fa v o ra b ly w ith P 1 oregonium
d e s c rib e d by Jo rd an and Snyder (1 9 0 9 ), b u t a ls o f a l l s w ith in th e ran g e o f
r a t i o s and c o u n ts o f a l l o th e r V* w illia m s o n i o f th e p r e s e n t s tu d y .
W ith in m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f Columbia R iv e r d r a in a g e ' (e )s
l e c t i o n s compare c l o s e l y i n m ost r a t i o s and c o u n ts .
These c o l ­
C o lle c tio n s 6 and 7
av erag e a g r e a te r head w id th i n head arid a s m a lle r a d ip o se h e ig h t i n a d i­
pose b a se th a n c o l l e c t i o n s 8 and 9«
The average d o r s a l ra y s was s m a lle s t
f o r c o l l e c t i o n 8.
Among non-m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f M isso u ri R iv e r d ra in a g e ( f ) s
The
two m ixing p o p u la tio n s have th e h ig h e s t d e p re sse d a n a l i n le n g th , p e c to r a l
i n le n g th , p e lv ic i n le n g th and c a u d a l b a se t o lo n g e s t r a y i n le n g th
a v e ra g e s .
They have more p e c to r a l ra y s and p y lo r ic c a e c a and low er a v e r­
ages o f body w id th i n le n g th , head w id th i n h e a d , i n t e r o r b i t a l i n head
and s u b o r b i t a l i n u p p er jaw r a t i o s th a n c o l l e c t i o n s I , 2 , and 3.
W ithjri m ixing p o p u la tio n s o f M isso u ri R iv e r d ra in a g e ( g ) :
C o lle c tio n
Ij. av erag es a s m a lle r c a u d a l b a se to lo n g e s t r a y in le n g th r a t i o and a
l a r g e r o r b i t i n head r a t i o th a n c o l l e c t i o n 5>.
They compare fa v o ra b ly in
o th e r r a t i o s and c o u n ts .
The ra n g e s o v e rla p f o r m ost o f th e above p ro p o rtio n s and c o u n ts , b u t
th e a v erag e s a re d i s t i n c t .
o u s.
The v a r i a t i o n s betw een c o l l e c t i o n s a re numer­
Dymond (l9 lt3 ) n o te d c o n s id e ra b le v a r i a t i o n in body form and f i n
le n g th s o f 'P. cy lin d raceu m from one l o c a l i t y to an o th er even in th e same
re g io n .
I t i s p ro b a b le t h a t Prosopium i s even more s u b je c t t o e n v iro n ­
m en tal m o d ific a tio n th a n Coregonus o r L e u c ich th y s ,(Dymond, 191+3).
Only
fo u r i s o l a t e d c o l l e c t i o n s v a ry e x tre m e ly from o th e r c o l l e c t i o n s in body
p r o p o r tio n a v e ra g e s :
c o l le c tio n 1+ (Hebgen L a k e ), o r b i t i n head and
isthm us w id th in isth m u s le n g th ; c o l l e c t i o n 7 (W h ite fish R iv e r ) , head
,
-1 6 -
w id th i n head5 c o l l e c t i o n 10 (P h elp s L a k e ), head i n le n g th , d e p re sse d a n a l
i n le n g th , p e lv ic i n le n g th and isthm us w id th i n isth m u s le n g th ; and c o l­
l e c t i o n 12 (B ear L a k e ),• d e p re ss e d a n a l in le n g th .
The m e r is tic count
a v erag e s o f each c o l l e c t i o n v a ry l i t t l e from th e g ran d m eans.
The body p ro p o r tio n av erag es d i f f e r somewhat betw een d ra in a g e s .
The
body w id th i n le n g th r a t i o s a re h ig h i n th e c o lle c tio n s o f th e Columbia
R iv e r and B ear R iv e r d r a in a g e s , b u t low i n th o s e o f th e M isso u ri R iv e r
d ra in a g e .
The d e p re ss e d a n a l i n le n g th , o r b i t i n h ead , a d ip o se h e ig h t i n
ad ip o se b a se and isthm us w id th i n isth m u s le n g th r a t i o s a ls o v a ry among
d ra in a g e s .
However, t h i s v a ria n c e i s due t o extrem e v a lu e s o f one o r two
c o lle c tio n s and n o t a l l c o lle c tio n s o f th e d ra in a g e .
COMPARISON OF SIX COREGONINE FISHES
F ive body p ro p o r tio n s and f iv e m e r is tic co u n ts o f s i x Coregonine
f i s h e s (P , w i l l i am soni, P . oregonium , P . s p ilo n o tu s , P. c o u l t e r i , P.
cy lin d ra ce u m , and Coregonus c lu p e a fo rm is ) a re compared (T ab le I I ) .
Dymondt s (19^3) body p ro p o rtio n s o f P1 oregonium d i f f e r c o n s id e ra b ly from
th e o r i g i n a l d e s c r ip ti o n o f t h i s s p e c ie s (Jo rd a n and S n y d er, 1909).
The
ty p e specim en has a lo n g e r s n o u t and u p p er jaw , more com pressed and
s le n d e r body and more s le n d e r c a u d a l p e d u n c le .
A la r g e a d ip o se i s one
c h a r a c te r w hich d is tin g u is h e s th e ty p e P1 oregonium .
The w h ite f is h from
th e McKenzie R iv er ( c o l l e c t i o n 11) a g re e w ith th e ty p e P 1 oregonium in
m easurem ents and c o u n ts , b u t th e y have no u n u s u a lly la r g e a d ip o s e .
P1
s p ilo n o tu s d i f f e r s from P. oregonium in numbers o f d o r s a l r a y s , a n a l ra y s
and g i l l r a k e r s .
N e ith e r s p e c ie s v a r ie s g r e a t l y i n any c h a r a c te r from th e
Table I I .
Ranges and averages o f body p ro p o rtio n s and m e ristic counts o f s ix Coregonlne fis h e s
P. oregonium
P. williamsonl
Species
P1 sp U onotus
P. COUlt~ e —
P. cylindraceum
Present
study
McHugh
(1939)
Weisel &
D illon
(19&)
Dymond
(I9li3)
Jordan &
Snyder
(1909)
Snyder
(1917)
Number of s p e c im e n s............... ..
bo?
19
6
7
5
22
23
8
He ad in len g th #*###*######*#
...
b .6
2 .8 - b .l
. . .
. . .
. . .
3.6-b*8
b.3
2.8-b.O
3.3
3.3-5.3
b.3
2.8-b.2
3.5
...
8.0
10-12
10.8
9-11
10.1
7b-6l
77.7
3.9-b.b
b .l
b .8 -5 .9
5.3
Snout in head #######****#*##
1.2-1.8
1.5
1 .1 -l.b
1.2
2.9-3.5
3.2
b.b -5 .3
b.8
3.2-3.9
3.6
8-9
8.3
3.6 -b .6
...
b.b-b.7
b.5
b.3 -5 .0
b.6
b .0 -b .6
b.3
Body depth in le n g th ...............
3.9 -5 .L
u.7
3.8-5.9
1.3-1.6
l.b
1.3 -1 .7
1.5
3 .8-b.b
b.2
b.b-5.0
b.7
b.3-b.8
b.5
7-8
7.1
13-15
Ib .b
11-13
12.0
86-102
91.2
17-21
19 J i
Study
. . .
O rb it in head • • • #• • ###• • • #• •
3.5
3.1i-7.3
U.8
...
...
Upper jaw in head .....................
2 .8 -b .b
...
3.6
6-9
8.0
9-lb
12.3
9-13
11.0
71-92
81.8
17-25
...
B ranchiostegals • • • • • • • • • • • • •
D orsal ray s •••##•#•••••#••##
Anal ray s #• •• •• #•• •• •• •• •• •#
L a te ra l lin e •#•••••••••##•••
G illra k e rs • • • • • • • • • • • • • « •• • •
2 0 .2
. . .
7-9
8.0
11-lb
12.0
10-12
11.0
75-89
82.0
17-25
22.0
...
b.0-b.3
b .l
3.6-b.2
3.8
...
...
12-13
12.5
12-13
12.5
7b-77
75.0
19-23
...
lb -15
U».3
12-lb
12.8
77-88
82.5
22-2b
22.b
5.0
2.6-3.5
3.0
...
5.5
2.9-3.6
3.2
...
8.0
12-13
12.6
11-12
11.8
81-86
8b.6
19.0
b.l
Vfeiael & Kennedy
D illon
(1953)
(1951)
...
1 8 -22
3.0-3.7
3.b
3 .2 -b .l
3.b
...
...
9-11
9.7
9-11
9.9
5b-63
59.7
13-16
19.0
•e•
C. clupeaformls
Dymond
(I9b3)
McHugh
(1939)
Kennedy
(1953)
b
bO
78
1.7
ili
3 .6
3.1-3.9
3.b
5.0
b .0 -6 .2
5 .0
...
b.3
8 -8
8.0
13-lb
13.5
12-13
12.5
90-100
95.0
18-19
18.8
8-10
9.0
10-12
11.0
9-13
1 1 .0
75-85
77.0
26-31
29.0
2.7-3.7
3.3
8-10
9.2
1 2 -1 6
13.7
12-16
13.8
72-85
77.8
23-31
27.0
^
18 -
s tu d ie s o f P. W illia m s o n i.
P. c o u l t e r i (W eisel and D illo n , 19%U) d i f f e r s from th e o th e r s p e c ie s'
i n fo u r c h a r a c te r s ( l a t e r a l l i n e , d o r s a l r a y s , o r b i t i n head and body
d e p th i n l e n g t h ) .
Each m e r is tic av erag e i s low er i n
c o u l t e r i th a n P.
w illia m s o n i and th e r e i s no o v e rla p in th e l a t e r a l l i n e and g i l l r a k e r
c o u n ts .
The two s tu d ie s (Kennedy, 19^3; Dymond, 19^3) o f P 1 cy lin d raceu m do
n o t d i f f e r a p p re c ia b ly .
P1 cy lin d raceu m v a r ie s from th e o th e r s p e c ie s i n
m ost body p ro p o r tio n s and th e l a t e r a l l i n e c o u n t.
The two d is tin g u is h in g m e r is tic c h a r a c te r s of C^1 c lu p e a fo rm is a re
number o f g i l l r a k e r s and b r a n c h io s te g a l ra y s (McHugh, 1939; Kennedy, 1953)
Body p ro p o r tio n s v a ry among p o p u la tio n s o f d i f f e r e n t w a te r s .
P1 w illia m s o n i, P1 c o u l t e r i , P. cy lin d raceu m and C1, c lu p e a fo rm is a re
r e a d i l y d is tin g u is h a b le s p e c ie s b u t P1 oregonium and P1 s p ilo n o tu s f a l l
w ith in th e ra n g e s o f P1 w illia m s o n i. .
DISCUSSION
No c o l l e c t i o n i s d is tin g u is h a b le from a l l o th e r c o l l e c t i o n s o f th e
p re s e n t s tu d y b y ra n g e s o f body p ro p o r tio n s o r m e r is tic c o u n ts .
C ol­
le c t i o n s 11 and 12 a re d is tin g u is h a b le w ith in t h e i r r e s p e c tiv e d ra in a g e s ,
b u t n o t among a l l c o l l e c t i o n s .
Only one c h a r a c te r (head w id th i n head)
s e p a r a te s c o l l e c t i o n 11 from th e o th e r c o l l e c t i o n s ' o f th e Columbia R iv e r
d ra in a g e w h ile c o l l e c t i o n 12 d i f f e r s i n th r e e m e r is tic c o u n ts from th e
o th e r c o l l e c t i o n o f th e Bear R iv e r d ra in a g e .
Since th e s e c o lle c tio n s can
n o t be s e p a ra te d from a l l o th e r c o lle c tio n s o f P1 w illia m s o n i, th e y a l l
-
19 -
sh o u ld be c o n sid e re d .the same s p e c ie s .
S im ila r ly , P, oregoninm and P.
s p ilo n o tn s (from o r i g i n a l d e s c r ip ti o n s ) can n o t be s e p a ra te d from P.
w illia m s o n i by body r a t i o s o r c o u n ts .
SUMMARY
1 . T h irte e n c o ll e c t i o n s o f w h ite f is h were o b ta in e d from th r e e m ajor
d ra in a g e s as fo llo w s :
M isso u ri R iv e r d ra in a g e , ( l ) Tongue R iv e r, (2)
South Fork o f Shoshone R iv e r , ( 3 ) Y ellow stone R iv e r, (U) Hebgen Lake, and
(5) Red Rock C reek; Columbia R iv e r d ra in a g e , (6) B i t t e r r o o t R iv e r, (? )
"W hitefish R iv e r , (8 ) Thompson L akes, (? ) Lake Pend O r e i l l e , (10) Phelps
L ake, and ( l l ) McKenzie R iv e r; Bear R iv e r d ra in a g e , (12) B ear Lake, and
(13) Logan R iv e r.
2 . M easurements and co u n ts were ta k e n on a l l I4O7 f i s h .
The means
o f body r a t i o s and m e r ig tic c o u n ts were t e s t e d by a n a ly s is o f v a ria n c e i n
seven d i f f e r e n t c o m b in a tio n s.
3 . The m a jo r ity o f th e t e s t s were s i g n i f i c a n t a t th e one p e r c e n t
l e v e l . ■The ra n g e s o f v a r i a t i o n f o r most body p ro p o r tio n s and counts, o v e r­
la p p e d , b u t some means d i f f e r e d g r e a t l y among c o lle c tio n s and d ra in a g e s .
ko C o lle c tio n s from McKenzie R iv e r and Bear Lake were d i s t i n g u i s h ­
a b le from t h e i r r e s p e c tiv e d ra in a g e s , b u t n o t among a l l c o l l e c t i o n s .
£ . Body p ro p o r tio n s and m e r is tic c o u n ts from e le v e n s tu d ie s o f s i x
C oregonine f i s h e s (P 1 w illia m s o n i, P1 oregonium , P . s p ilo n o tu s , P1'
c o u l t e r i , P1 c y lin d ra ce u m , and C1 c lu p e a fo rm is ) were com pared.
A ll
s p e c ie s e x c e p t P1 oregonium and P . s p ilo n o tu s were d is tin g u is h a b le from
one a n o th e r .
The body p r o p o r tio n and c o u n t ra n g e s o f P 1 oregonium and P 1
-
20 -
s p ilo n o tu s f e l l w ith in th e ra n g e s o f Pi w illia m s o n i.
LITERATURE CITED
Dymond, J . R.
19h3.
The c o reg o n in e f is h e s o f n o rth w e s te rn Canada.
T ran s. Roy. Can. I n s t . 2 lt(2 ): 171-231.
Huhbs, C a r l L ., and L a g le r , K a rl F .
r e g io n .
19k7•
F is h e s o f th e G re a t Lakes
C ranbrook I n s t . S c i . , B u ll. 26:186 p p ., 2$I f i g s . , 2^ p i s .
J o rd a n , D avid S t a r r , and S n y d er, John O tte r b e in .
1909.
D e s c rip tio n o f
a new w h ite f is h (Coregonus o re g o n iu s ) from McKenzie R iv e r , Oregon.
P ro c . TI. S . H a t. Mus. 36:ij.25-U30.
Kennedy, ¥ . A.
195)3«
The morphom etry o f th e co reg o n in e f i s h e s o f G re at
B ear Lake, H. W. T.
McHugh, J . L.
1939.
J o u r. F is h . R es. Bd. Can. 1 0 (2 ) :5 )l-6 l.
The w h ite f is h e s Coregonus c lu p e a fo rm is ( M itc h ill)
and Prosopium w illia m s o n i (G ira rd ) o f th e la k e s o f th e Okanagan
V a lle y , B. C.
B u ll. F is h . R e s . Bd. Gan. 5 6 :3 9 -5 0 .
S nyder, John O tte r b e in .
Idaho and U ta h .
1917.
Three new w h ite f is h e s from B ear Lake,
B u l l . B ur. F is h . 3 6 :3 -6 .
W e ise l, George F . , and D illo n , John B.
195U.
O b serv atio n s on th e pygmy
w h ite f is h , Prosopium c o u l t e r i from B u ll Lake, M ontana.
C opeia
2:12U -127.
- ' l l /Zr
r 111
^ O p , A?