Profile of Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord TGA
Profile of Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord TGA
Figure 1. Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord TGA
Definition
North Carolina
• Anson County
• Cabarrus County
• Gaston County
• Mecklenburg County
• Union County
Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord TGA
2005 Population: 1,491,330
South Carolina
• York County
Data Source: US Census Bureau
2000 MSA: North Carolina GIS Map
2005 American Community Survey
Population Data
The Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord TGA includes six counties located in two states (Figure 1).
According to estimates from the US Census Bureau, the 2005 household population of the region
is 1,491,330. Between 2000 and 2005, the population of the region increased by 11%. Unless
otherwise stated, the following statements reflect data from the 2005 American Community
Survey.
Fifty-one percent of the
population, or 759,878 persons
are female and 49% are male
(731,452 persons). NonHispanic Whites account for
the majority of the population
(66%). Non-Hispanic AfricanAmericans are the largest
minority group, representing
23% of the total population,
followed by Hispanics (8%),
Asians (2%) and Persons of
Other Races (1%). The median
age of the population is 34.9.
The proportion of individuals
receiving a bachelor’s degree
or more is higher in the TGA
than North Carolina and South
Carolina.
February 2007
Figure 2. Selected Demographic Information: Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord
TGA, North Carolina and South Carolina
CharlotteGastoniaNorth Carolina South Carolina
Concord TGA
1,491,330
8,411,041
4,113,961
Total Population
Median Age
34.9
36.2
37.1
Racial/Ethnic Distribution
White*
Black or African American*
American Indian and Alaska
Native*
Asian*
Hispanic
Pacific Islander*
Some other race*
66%
23%
68%
21%
66%
28%
>1%
2%
8%
>1%
1%
1%
2%
6%
>1%
1%
>1%
1%
3%
>1%
1%
Educational Attainment
High School Graduate or higher
Bachelor's degree or higher
86%
30%
82%
25%
82%
23%
* Not Hispanic
Data Source: US Census 2005 American Community Survey
1
HIV/AIDS EPIDEMIOLOGY in the CHARLOTTE-GASTONIA-CONCORD TGA
The Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord NC-SC TGA includes six counties (five in North Carolina and
one in South Carolina) and has an estimated population of approximately 1.5 million residents.
Each year an average number of 418 new cases of HIV/AIDS are reported in the TGA. The
majority of these cases occur among males, person’s ages 20 – 44 years and minority
populations.
The following section summarizes the impact of HIV/AIDS in this geographic area. As the TGA
includes portions of two states, HIV/AIDS data reflects data collection from both the North
Carolina and South Carolina public health surveillance systems.
Figure 1. Trends in HIV Disease Cases and Annual Rates
HIV Disease Case Reports in Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord MSA
Years: 2001 - 2005
Overall Trends in HIV Disease
Reporting
•
•
•
Between 2001 and 2003, the rate of
reported HIV disease in the CharlotteGastonia-Concord TGA increased by
59%, from 23.6 cases per 100,000
population in 2001 to 37.5 in 2003.
It is important to note that during 2003
the state of North Carolina enhanced
their surveillance activities resulting in
the addition of older prevalent cases to
the system. This addition partially
contributed to the 2003 spike noted for
the state and for the TGA.
HIV disease case reports for 2004 and
2005, although lower than 2003, are
approximately 27% higher than the
number of cases reported in 2001.
The annual case rates for the CharlotteGastonia-Concord TGA remains higher
than rates for North Carolina and South
Carolina, indicating an increased burden
of disease in the area.
500
414
411
400
400
325
300
200
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Years
Trends in HIV Disease Reporting: Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, MSA,
North Carolina and South Carolina
Calender Years: 2001-2005
40
RAte per 100,000 population
•
540
600
Number of Reported Cases
HIV Disease Case Reporting
HIV disease refers to the entire spectrum of
disease and includes HIV infection (not
AIDS), previously reported HIV infections
that have progressed to AIDS and
concurrent diagnoses of HIV and AIDS.
37.5
35
28.4
30
25
27.9
27.8
23.6
20
15
10
5
Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord
M SA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord MSA
NorthCarolina
Carolina
North
SouthCarolina
Carolina
South
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Data Sources:
NC DHHS, HIV/STD Prevention and Care Branch.
SCDHEC, STD/HIV Division HIV/STD Surveillance Reports
US Census Bureau, Population Division. Annual Estimates of the
Population of Metropolitan/Micropolitan Statistical Areas
Prepared by: Mecklenburg County Health Department, Epidemiology Program 02/2007
Recent Increases in AIDS Case Reports
•
Within the last four years, the number of AIDS cases reported in the region has grown,
placing an increased burden on the public health infrastructure for the region.
•
Between 2004 and 2005, there were 508 new reports of AIDS cases in the TGA. Reports
during this time period were nearly 13% higher than case reports for 2002/2003 (2002-2003
AIDS cases = 450).
•
Factors contributing to the increased reports of AIDS cases in the area include: increased
testing, sub-optimal antiretroviral treatment response and failure to diagnose HIV infection
until AIDS-related symptoms occur (late diagnosis).
•
Reports from the North Carolina HIV/STD Prevention and Care Branch suggest that roughly
30% of individuals diagnosed with HIV disease each year in North Carolina are concurrently
diagnosed with AIDS. The recent growth in infection for the TGA along with a rising
number of persons living longer with HIV point to a need for increased testing and better
access to care.
Prevalence of HIV/AIDS
Based upon 2005 cumulative reports, over 6,700 cases of HIV/AIDS have been reported in the
TGA. However, after accounting for deaths and persons with an unknown vital status, 4,364
persons are reported to be living with HIV/AIDS. This estimate only reflects those individuals
who have been diagnosed with HIV and reported within the two public health surveillance
systems and does not include individuals who are, as yet, unaware of their HIV status. The
Centers for Disease Control estimates that as many as 25% of persons infected with HIV are
unaware of their status. Applying this statistic to the current surveillance of HIV/AIDS in the
TGA would result in an additional 1,091 PLWHA in the region and would increase the overall
prevalence of persons living with
HIV/AIDS to over 5,450.
Demographic Profile of People Living
with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA)
•
•
•
Figure 2.
Distribution of Reported HIV/AIDS Prevalence Cases in
Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord TGA: PLWHA as of 12/31/2005
Of the 4,364 persons reported to be
living with HIV/AIDS, an estimated
2,888 persons have been diagnosed as
HIV (non-AIDS).
AIDS
While the majority of PLWHA in the
region are HIV (non-AIDS), 34% , or
1,476 persons, are living with AIDS
(PLWA).
HIV(nonAIDS)
Important changes in the HIV
epidemic have been noted over time.
Increased reports have been noted for
females, young adults, heterosexual
contact and racial minorities.
34%
0%
66%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Data Sources:
NC DHHS, HIV/STD Prevention and Care Branch.
SCDHEC, STD/HIV Division HIV/STD Surveillance Reports
Prepared by: Mecklenburg County Health Department, Epidemiology Program 02/2007
•
•
Similar trends can be observed
among PLWHA in the CharlotteGastonia-Concord TGA (see Figure
2.).
Figure 2. Distribution of Selected Demographics: PLWH vs. PLWHA
HIV (non-AIDS)
AIDS
By Age
45 years+
When comparing the demographic
profile of HIV (non-AIDS) and
AIDS cases in the region , the
following can be observed for people
living with HIV (non-AIDS) or
PLWH:
o A larger proportion of
women have been reported,
o The population is younger
with more people reported
between the ages of 20 – 44
years, and
36%
45 years+
44%
20 - 44 years 63%
20 - 44 years
55%
By Gender
Females 35%
23% Females
77% Males
65%
ales
Males
By Race/Ethnicity
Hispanics
Black
3%
3%
2%
2% Hispanics
70% Black
74%
Whites
23%
23% 26%
26%
Whites
o A higher proportion of
minorities have been
reported.
Profile of Exposure Categories among PLWHA
Special Note: Unless otherwise stated, the following statements refer to the 4,364 persons living with
HIV/AIDS in the Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord TGA.
•
The three most frequently reported
risks among PLHWA in the region
include: men who have sex with men
(MSM), heterosexual contact and
intravenous drug use (IDU).
•
Each year over one third of cases are
reported without an identified risk
for HIV infection. These cases
include persons who are currently
being followed by the health
department, patients who are loss to
follow-up and persons who have
declined an interview.
Figure 3.
Distribution of HIV/AIDS Exposure Categories Among Persons
Living with HIV/AIDS in the Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord
TGA: (Based upon 4,364 persons living with HIV/AIDS)
Other/
Unknown,
36%
Pediatric, 1%
MSM, 28%
Heterosexual
, 19%
IDU, 12%
Blood
Products, 1%
MSM/IDU, 3%
Additional statistics for HIV/AIDS demographics and risk categories can be found in the
HIV/AIDS Prevalence and Incidence table for Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord TGA.
Prepared by: Mecklenburg County Health Department, Epidemiology Program 02/2007
AIDS INCIDENCE, AIDS PREVALENCE AND HIV (NOT AIDS) PREVALENCE BY DEMOGRAPHIC GROUP AND EXPOSURE CATEGORY
CHARLOTTE-GASTONIA-CONCORD TGA
AIDS INCIDENCE:
AIDS PREVALENCE ESTIMATES HIV (NOT AIDS) PREVALENCE
01/01/04 TO 12/31/05
AS OF 12/31/05
AS OF 12/31/05
Demographic Group/
Exposure Category
Race/Ethnicity
White, not Hispanic
Black, not Hispanic
Hispanic
Other, not Hispanic
Not Specified/Other
Total
Gender
Male
Female
Total
Age at Diagnosis (Incidence)/
Current Age (Prevalence)
<13 years
13 – 19 years
20 – 44 years
45+ years
Not Specified/Unknown
Total
AIDS incidence is defined as the
number of new AIDS cases diagnosed
during the period specified.
Cases
134
356
15
***
***
507
#
376
131
507
% of Total*
26
70
3
>1
>1
#
0
4
347
156
0
507
AIDS Prevalence is defined as the
number of people living with AIDS
as of the date specified.
Cases
389
1038
34
7
8
1476
#
1126
350
1476
% of Total*
26
70
2
1
>1
% of Total
#
0
1
68
31
0
5
7
817
646
***
% of Total
74
26
1476
HIV Prevalence is defined as the
estimated number of diagnosed people
living with HIV (not AIDS) as of the
date specified.
Cases
670
2125
73
17
3
2888
#
1863
1025
2888
% of Total*
23
74
3
>1
>1
% of Total
#
% of Total
>1
>1
55
44
>1
9
37
1806
1033
3
>1
1
63
36
>1
% of Total
77.0
23.0
% of Total
65
35
2888
* Percents may not total 100 due to rounding *** Numbers less than three are not included in adherence to confidentiality statutes.
Data Sources:
North Carolina DHHS, HIV/STD Prevention and Care Unit, Special Data Request: HIV Disease Prevalence in Anson, Cabarrus, Gaston,
Mecklenburg and Union Counties
SC Department of Health and Environmental Control, Special Data Request: HIV Disease Prevalence in York County
Prepared by Mecklenburg County Health Department, Epidemiology Program
02/2007
AIDS INCIDENCE, AIDS PREVALENCE AND HIV (NOT AIDS) PREVALENCE BY DEMOGRAPHIC GROUP AND EXPOSURE CATEGORY
CHARLOTTE-GASTONIA-CONCORD, NC-SC MSA
CONTINUED
Demographic Group/
Exposure Category
Adult/Adolescent AIDS
Exposure Category
Men who have sex with men
Injection drug users
Men who have sex with men
and inject drugs
Heterosexuals**
Other/Hemophilia/blood
transfusion
Risk not reported or identified
Total
Pediatric AIDS Exposure
Categories
Mother with/at risk for HIV
infection
Other/Hemophilia/blood
transfusion
Risk not Reported or identified
AIDS INCIDENCE:
01/01/04 TO 12/31/05
AIDS PREVALENCE
AS OF 12/31/05
HIV (NOT AIDS) PREVALENCE
AS OF 12/31/05
AIDS incidence is defined as the
number of new AIDS cases diagnosed
during the period specified.
AIDS Prevalence is defined as the
number of people living with AIDS
as of the date specified.
HIV Prevalence is defined as the
estimated number of diagnosed people
living with HIV (not AIDS) as of the
date specified.
Cases
% of Total*
Cases
% of Total*
Cases
% of Total*
169
40
33
8
456
217
31
15
743
317
26
11
11
2
50
3
82
3
110
22
353
24
776
27
6
1
30
2
32
1
171
507
33
361
1467
25
915
2865
32
Cases
% of Total
Cases
% of Total
Cases
% of Total
0
0
9
100
23
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
23
0
Total
** Heterosexual cases include cases that meet the CDC definition for Heterosexual exposure and cases that are presumed heterosexual
based upon follow-up interviews with newly diagnosed persons.
Data Sources:
North Carolina DHHS, HIV/STD Prevention and Care Unit, Special Data Request: HIV Disease Prevalence in Anson, Cabarrus, Gaston,
Mecklenburg and Union Counties
SC Department of Health and Environmental Control, Special Data Request: HIV Disease Prevalence in York County
Prepared by Mecklenburg County Health Department, Epidemiology Program
02/2007