Issues in Cyber-Physical Systems
Architectures
P. R. Kumar
Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Texas A&M University
Email: prk.tamu@gmail.com
Web: http://cesg.tamu.edu/faculty/p-r-kumar/
CDC
Florence, Italy
Dec13, 2013
1/7
Four architectural properties
u
System development and debug time
– Architecture for proliferation
u
Safety
– Architecture for verification/validation/proof of correct
behavior
u
Performance
– Architecture for speed/precision
u
Security
– Need a theoretical foundation
2/7
Abstractions and architecture for
proliferation
Internet
Application Layer
Application Layer
Presentation Layer
Presentation Layer
Session Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Network Layer
Data Link Layer
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Serial computation
Digital Communication
Source
Coding
Software
Hardware
Channel
Coding
von Neumann Bridge
(Valiant `90)
CPS
Plant-Controller
Separation
Plant
Controller
Separation of estimation
and control
Plant
Controller
Estimator
What are the abstractions and
architecture for convergence of control
with communication and computing?
Goal is to enable rapid design and deployment
Critical Resource: Control Designer’s Time
Standardized abstractions
Minimal reconfiguration and reprogramming
Hopefully leading to proliferation
3/7
Architecture for verification/validation/proof
of correct behavior
Three challenges
In-Vehicle Networks
– Distributed nature of system
» Proof of correct interactions
– Temporal behavior
Wire harnesses are:
Costly (>$1000.00)
Complex (>4,000 parts)
Heavy (>40kg)
Warranty issues (>65 IPTV)
» Computation and
communication must interact in
the correct temporal way with
physical system
– Complexity of
interactions/verification
» Number of states is large
» Complex combinatorial
behavior
4/7
Architecture for high performance
High performance may conflict with
composable/layered architecture
– Reminiscent of cross-layer design in wireless
» “If I expose TCP parameters to MAC, then performance can be
increased by 10%”
– Tension between architecture and performance?
5/7
Architecture of security
Complexity of physical and computational and
communication systems and interactions
– Cross-layer attacks
– Need for a holistic theory of security
6/7
Thank you
7/7