ITU Workshop on the “Internet of Things Trend and Challenges in Standardization”
(Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014)
Lightweight Architecture and Protocols
for the Internet of Things
Laurent TOUTAIN,
Associate Professor,
IMT/Télécom Bretagne
Laurent.Toutain@telecom-bretagne.eu
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
National coverage
10 GRADUATE SCHOOLS : 6 MINES AND 4 TÉLÉCOM
Mines Albi-Carmaux - Albi, Saint-Dié
Mines Alès - Alès, Montpellier, Nimes, Pau
Mines Douai - Douai
Lille
Mines Nantes - Nantes
Mines ParisTech - Paris, Palaiseau-Saclay, Evry, Fontainebleau,
Douai
Sophia Antipolis
Rouen
Mines Saint-Etienne - Saint-Etienne, Gardanne
Télécom Bretagne - Brest, Rennes, Toulouse
Paris
Nancy
Palaiseau-Saclay
Brest
Rennes
Télécom Ecole de Management - Evry, Palaiseau-Saclay, Paris
Strasbourg
Télécom ParisTech - Paris, Sophia Antipolis
Evry
Fontainebleau
Télécom SudParis - Evry
Saint-Dié
2 SUBSIDIARY SCHOOLS
Nantes
Eurecom - Sophia Antipolis
Télécom Lille1 - Lille
1 STRATEGIC PARTNER SCHOOL
Mines Nancy - Nancy, Saint-Dié
Clermont-Ferrand
Saint-Etienne
11 ASSOCIATED SCHOOLS
Bordeaux
Grenoble
Alès
Albi
Pau
Nimes
Toulouse
Montpellier
Sophia Antipolis
Gardanne
Tunis
Institut Mines-Télécom
2
ENSEEIHT - Toulouse
Enseirb-Matmeca - Bordeaux
ENSG - Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy
ENSIIE - Evry
ESIGELEC - Rouen
Grenoble Ecole de Management - Grenoble
IFMA - Clermont-Ferrand
Sup’Com Tunis - Tunis
Télécom Nancy - Villers-lès-Nancy
Télécom Physique Strasbourg - Strasbourg
Télécom Saint-Etienne - Saint-Etienne
Key figures
10 schools
2 subsidiary
schools
2 strategic
partners
12,555 students
4, 800 staff members
1,725 PhD students
2 Carnot Institutes
+4000 graduates per year
Including over 2,500
engineers
8% engineering degrees
issued in France
11 associated
schools
32 % foreign students
38 % grant holders
Institut Mines-Télécom
3
€121 M researchgenerated income per
year
Near 100 business startups per year at the
schools’ incubators
Total 2012 Figures excluding associated
schools
and Mines Nancy (Université de Lorraine)
Internet Architecture Model
Very successful for almost 30 years
Connecting almost everything
Flexible
On top of many links
Low speed, high speed, variable latencies
Large variety of applications
File transfer, streaming, voip,…
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
4
Few protocols
Steve Deering
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
The Evolution of Layered Protocol Stacks Leads
to an Hourglass-Shaped Architecture
Saamer Akhshabi, Constantine Dovrolis
Sigcomm 2011
5
Internet Protocol
Interoperability,
But ossification.
Steve Deering
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
6
IP is:
IP
Packet Format
P
P4 ≠P6
- Management
- Interoperability
- Forwarding
Addresses
- Allocation
- Display
- Routing
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
A
A4 ≠A6
R
R4=R6
7
New areas for Networking
Internet of Things
Cheap
Moore’s law reduces costs, does not
increase power
Low Memory
Low Energy
Different Time cycle
Legacy devices
20 year lifetime
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
8
IPv6
IPv6 slowly introduced
P6≠P4, A6≠A4: No interoperability
Metcalfe’s law against IPv6
Forwarding is not the most difficult part
IPv6 has advantages for IoT
Auto-configuration
Simpler
Layer 2 agnostic
But difficult to make IPv6 evolve
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
9
Constraints
IoT
Deployed
IPv6
6LoWPAN
•Header Compression
•M-U capabilities
•Fragmentation
•P6LP = PIPv6
•A6LP = AIPv6
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
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ARESA2 Project
ANR Verso 2009 project
Urban Wireless Sensor Networks
AMI, Smart Grid, M2M. . .
One of the challenges: IPv6
Mesh network.
Minimize code footprint, minimize energy
consumption.
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
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Reduce 6LoWPAN impact
Toward a flexible 6LoWPAN
Simplify addresses allocation
A6LP ⊂ AIPv6
Forwarding based on 6LoWPAN
Add functionalities for WSN
P6LP ⊃ PIPv6
Maintain end to end capabilities
Need for “local” information
IPv6 remains universal format
Multi-homing
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
12
6LoWPAN in Contiki
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
13
Example
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
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Architecture
IPv6
6LoWPAN
Extension
IPv6
6LoWPAN + parameters
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
15
Conclusions and Recommendations
New constraints:
A single protocol cannot cover all needs
Introduce more flexibility
“a la IEEE”
Core protocols/Fringe protocols
Other alternatives:
REST, but less generic in term of traffic
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
16
Reasearch on IoT at Télécom Bretagne
OCIF research team:
Architecture:
Internet evolution, REST, M2M,
Access Network:
NAN, Long Range Radio, community network,…
Context Awareness:
Security, …
Models:
Game Theory, Peak Erasing,…
Application domains:
ITS, SmartGrid, Smart Clothes,…
Geneva, Switzerland, 18 February 2014
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