Direct detection of neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM David G. Cerdeño In collaboration with: C. Hugonie, D. López-Fogliani, C. Muñoz, A.M. Teixeira JHEP 12 (2004) 048 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 1/28 Neutralino dark matter Neutralino dark matter The lightest Neutralino, a particle predicted by supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, is a well motivated candidate for dark matter: it is a WIMP and can be stable in theories with R-parity. The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results If Neutralinos constitute the bulk of dark matter they would cluster with ordinary stars in galactic halos, raising the hope of their direct detection through their elastic scattering with nuclei inside a detector. Summary The recoiling energy can be detected by Ionization in scintillators (measured by emission of photons) Scattered WIMP Ionization on solids Recoiling nucleus Increase in the temperature (measured by the released phonons) Target crystal 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 2/28 Neutralino dark matter Neutralino dark matter The lightest Neutralino, a particle predicted by supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, is a well motivated candidate for dark matter: it is a WIMP and can be stable in theories with R-parity. The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results If Neutralinos constitute the bulk of dark matter they would cluster with ordinary stars in galactic halos, raising the hope of their direct detection through their elastic scattering with nuclei inside a detector. Sensitivity for WIMP detection (Spin-independent cross section) Summary Many experiments around the world Cresst, Heidelberg-Moscow, IGEX, UKDMC(NAI), DAMA, CDMS, ZEPLIN, EDELWEISS, ... 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 2/28 Neutralino dark matter Neutralino dark matter The lightest Neutralino, a particle predicted by supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, is a well motivated candidate for dark matter: it is a WIMP and can be stable in theories with R-parity. The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results If Neutralinos constitute the bulk of dark matter they would cluster with ordinary stars in galactic halos, raising the hope of their direct detection through their elastic scattering with nuclei inside a detector. Sensitivity for WIMP detection (Spin-independent cross section) Summary Many experiments around the world Cresst, Heidelberg-Moscow, IGEX, UKDMC(NAI), DAMA, CDMS, ZEPLIN, EDELWEISS, ... With increasing sensitivities and projected improvements GENIUS, CDMSII, GEDEON, ... 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 2/28 The Next-to-MSSM 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 3/28 Motivation The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model constitutes a very well motivated extension of the MSSM. Offers an elegant solution to the -problem of the MSSM Neutralino dark matter The -term in the MSSM, present in the superpotential faces a naturaleness problem: , minimisation of the scalar potential is Whereas a natural value for implies Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM NMSSM Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM Results Summary ' & #$ %% " ! 9.2.2005 Edinburgh In the NMSSM - p. 4/28 Motivation The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model constitutes a very well motivated extension of the MSSM. Less severe “Higgs-little fine tuning” problem of the MSSM Offers an elegant solution to the -problem of the MSSM Neutralino dark matter The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the In the MSSM 3 210 /. NMSSM ,+ *)( Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM and so far it has not been detected. Results Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh This problem is less severe in the NMSSM, since the upper bound for the Higgs mass is larger than in the MSSM. - p. 4/28 Motivation The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model constitutes a very well motivated extension of the MSSM. Less severe “Higgs-little fine tuning” problem of the MSSM Rich phenomenology Offers an elegant solution to the -problem of the MSSM Neutralino dark matter The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the NMSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh Very light Higgses and neutralinos are experimentally viable. Although the Higgs phenomenology has been thoroughly studied, there are only a few works on the implications for neutralino dark matter. Flores, Olive, Thomas ’91 Bednyakov, Klapdor-Kleingrothaus ’98 - p. 4/28 Motivation The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model constitutes a very well motivated extension of the MSSM. Less severe “Higgs-little fine tuning” problem of the MSSM Rich phenomenology Offers an elegant solution to the -problem of the MSSM Neutralino dark matter The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the NMSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results Very light Higgses and neutralinos are experimentally viable. Although the Higgs phenomenology has been thoroughly studied, there are only a few works on the implications for neutralino dark matter. Summary Flores, Olive, Thomas ’91 Bednyakov, Klapdor-Kleingrothaus ’98 Thorough analysis of the NMSSM parameter space, calculating the particle spectrum and the experimental constraints from LEP. 9.2.2005 Edinburgh Implications for Neutralino-nucleon cross section. - p. 4/28 Overview of the NMSSM In the NMSSM the field structure of the MSSM is modified by the addition of a new superfield , which is a singlet under the SM gauge group: 4 K K J F E D 7 J I> @ L =< M1 5 >L J I > - <@ K @K 8 6 7 67 56 Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the 67 I1 H1 F E G C A BA?@ 4 > ;1 : D 9 The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM =< Neutralino dark matter This leads to the following new terms in the superpotential and in the Lagrangian [ 8 Z F YXW V N P ( ij 8 TN 8 QU 8 SRQ g h Results O N P \ - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM NMSSM \ op? o q 8 Z [ m k n 8 l k h 8 F g Ygf e( d % `b c b F ] a`^_ - Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 5/28 Minimisation of Higgs potential After Electroweak Symmetry Breaking takes place the Higgs field takes non-vanishing VEVs: / } ( ef , in order to } ' 8 & One has to ensure vanishing VEVs for charged Higgs fields, avoid dangerous Charge and Colour-breaking minima. t u Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the ' & v s ' ! r & & + ' ! r The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM + ' & Neutralino dark matter NMSSM r } } r 8 F r r ( ef } } } } | ~ ' { dy w& x# `b a`^_ z Results z The following potential is obtained 8 Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM op? o q 8 \ Z s m k [ 8 r r s lk r r s F F [ 8 h h - } s } [ } 8} } r } } r 8} } r } s } 8} } r } s } } | } 8} 8 ( ij } s } Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 6/28 v Minimisation of Higgs potential , The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the I< > i.e., no explicit CP violation in the scalar sector. , m k lk s [ , , Neutralino dark matter Conventions: Ensuring the minimum of the tree-level potential with respect to the phases of the VEVs excludes some combinations of signs of the above parameters. Minima are possible only for the following four combinations: m k F I BAC @ lk I BAC @ s BAC @ I [ Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM / NMSSM s } 8 [ } } s lk } } l k s } 8 } } [ } r s l k l k } } m k r r I BAC @ Z r F m k I } F Z } } lk m k 9.2.2005 Edinburgh s } [ } F } s l k } } l k r r m k } I CBA@ Z } lk with m k } I CBA@ s CBA@ I [ / with m k } I BAC @ s with BAC @ I BAC @ lk I } F Summary BAC @ s BAC @ I Results - p. 6/28 Minimisation of Higgs potential Neutralino dark matter The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM The three remaining minimization conditions for the Higgs VEVs can be used to reexpress the soft breaking Higgs masses in terms of the rest of the parameters. C q C q 8 l k l k : s [ s J I< > 8 : 8 f F IC @ q 8 r 8 r s F ( ef NMSSM | - Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the : s [ J s q < 8 : J 8 C J s F ( ef | - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM s [ m k IC @ 8 : F r : IC @ r [ 8 : [ s r F 9.2.2005 Edinburgh r r and I< > z : r 8 r where r s : Summary F ( ij l k Results . - p. 6/28 Higgs Sector Neutralino dark matter After rotating away the CP-odd would-be Goldstone boson we are left with five neutral Higgs states, and two charged states. 8 8 : : s 8 r : r 8 + 8 8 + Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM NMSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results CP-even and CP-odd states do not mix, since we made the assumption of no CP-violation on the Higgs sectors. Summary + k + CP-even Higgs: CP-odd Higgs: + Thus the mass matrices are written in the corresponding basis: 9.2.2005 Edinburgh + \ 8 + 8 + + The lightest Higgs has a singlet component: - p. 7/28 The neutralino in the NMSSM ¨ ¢ ¤£ ¦£ ¦¥ ¢ ¤£ ¢ ¤¥ ¦£ ª ¡ © © © + § t ¦£ t ¦£ ¢ ¤¥ t § + ¦¥ ¢ ¤¥ ¦¥ ¢ ¤£ ¢ ¤£ ¡ t Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the + t ¦¥ ¢ ¤¥ + The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM ¢ t + ¢ Neutralino dark matter NMSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM The lightest neutralino + « ­ 8 + « \ ­ 8 « \ + ­ 8 Y®« + ­ B¬« + Results Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 8/28 The neutralino in the NMSSM ¨ + ¢ ¤£ ¦£ ¦¥ ¢ ¤£ + ¢ ¤¥ ¦£ t £ m ¯l t t + ¯l t £ + ¯l t £ t l ¦£ ¢ ¤¥ t ¦£ + ª ¡ © © © ¯l l + ¦¥ ¢ ¤¥ ¦¥ ¢ ¤£ ¢ ¤£ ¡ t Minimisation of Higgs potential Higgs Sector The neutralino in the + t ¦¥ ¢ ¤¥ + The Next-to-MSSM Motivation Overview of the NMSSM ¢ t + ¢ Neutralino dark matter NMSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM The lightest neutralino has now a singlino component ° ­ 8 « + « ­ 8 + « \ ­ 8 « \ + ­ 8 ®« + ­ ¬« + Results Summary This, together with changes in the Higgs sector, alters the neutralino direct detection properties, in particular, the Neutralino-nucleon cross section has to be re-evaluated. 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 8/28 Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 9/28 Neutralino-nucleon cross section We only concentrate on the spin-independent part of the cross-section Neutralino dark matter ¸² ± ³² ¶·µ ´³² ¶·µ Squark-exchange: ± The Next-to-MSSM Æ h  | ÄÅg ¼ Á 1À + ( a¿º g ( ¼ F . F g¹ \ »aº ¸ ½¾¼ ¼ + coupling g  ǫ B¬« formally identical to MSSM; new mixings in Ç section Constraints on the parameter space ± ± ¸ section Enhancing the cross ÂÃ| g ¼ - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Neutralino-nucleon cross Results Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 10/28 Neutralino-nucleon cross section We only concentrate on the spin-independent part of the cross-section Neutralino dark matter ÍÉ È ÊÉ Ì·Ë ´ÊÉ Ì·Ë Squark-exchange: È The Next-to-MSSM Æ h  | ÄÅg ¼ Á 1À + ( g ( ¼ F a¿º ½¾¼ . F g¹ \ »aº È Í È Í + ¼ section Constraints on the parameter space Results coupling g  ǫ B¬« formally identical to MSSM; new mixings in Ç section Enhancing the cross ÂÃ| g ¼ - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Neutralino-nucleon cross Higgs-exchange: Þ Ù Ä e 1À ÂÝ Ü g âä ­ h 8 Ù \ h à h 8 ° ­ \ \ 9.2.2005 Edinburgh h ç IC @ Ù F æ O( ç Ü Â æ z Ù ° ­ F ° ­ : : [ : h Î Î Ù ­ h \ ­ : 8 Ô Ô h ã å 8 â ­ h \F ­ Ù Ù Ù à â h ­ ­ h ) Û á I< > ­ h F à Ù + Ó Ø ½ ÙÚ\ g¹ ) Ä e z Ù Â : F ß Î Õ Ö Ñ × Î \ ÐÏ ÒÓÑ YÐÏ ÒÓÑ Summary - p. 10/28 Enhancing the cross section This is typically the most important contribution êé ìÓë è è Yêé ìÓë Neutralino dark matter ñ a¿º t + In the MSSM larger predictions for can be obtained when the Higgs-exchange diagrams are enhanced by î ï×ë Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Neutralino-nucleon cross ð The Next-to-MSSM and ) ­ \ ­ ( + and + ò)( è B¬« Decreasing the mass of the exchanged Higgses. ( ) í Increasing the Higgsino content of e( Results è section Constraints on the parameter space í + section Enhancing the cross Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 11/28 Enhancing the cross section This is typically the most important contribution õô ÷Óö ó ó Yõô ÷Óö Neutralino dark matter ñ a¿º t + In the MSSM larger predictions for can be obtained when the Higgs-exchange diagrams are enhanced by ù ú×ö Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Neutralino-nucleon cross ð The Next-to-MSSM and ) ­ \ ( ­ B¬« Decreasing the mass of the exchanged Higgses. ( ) ø Increasing the Higgsino content of + and + e( Results ò)( ó ó section Constraints on the parameter space ø + section Enhancing the cross Summary The NMSSM provides a new possibility ü ý û Very light Higgses can be obtained, considerably enhancing the -channel. 3 210 :/ 9.2.2005 Edinburgh Ç Ç The lightest Higgs cannot be pure singlino, since the ñ a¿º t + ð + ò)( Such light Higges ( ), which have a relatively large singlet composition, can induce an increase in of several orders of magnitude. coupling vanishes. - p. 11/28 Constraints on the parameter space Üi þi m k I< > [ Neutralino dark matter lk We work with the following input parameters, given at the EW scale: The Next-to-MSSM The Higgs potential is minimised numerically with the code NMHDECAY. Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Neutralino-nucleon cross Experimental constraints from LEP v ); Chargino and + ¬« + " B¬« X v t , direct production ( X Neutralino: _ Summary þÿ Absence of Landau poles below Results The NMSSM spectrum is then obtained and the following constraints applied section Constraints on the parameter space section Enhancing the cross Ellwanger, Gunion, Hugonie ’04 9.2.2005 Edinburgh + Þ I@ H C 1 < t " : Þ s s s " . . + + Ý (APM) + (DHDM) + Ý + v (IHDM) + " " X v t X v t " X v t X X X Neutral Higgs: Constraints on production rates The constraint on the neutralino relic density is not imposed. - p. 12/28 Results 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 13/28 , (i) [ , , we analyse the constraints on the , , m k I< > For fixed values of l k Results plane: Z I< > Neutralino dark matter Results Results / / GeV :/ :/ / F - - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM m k l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Masses and compositions Cross section Overview Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 14/28 , (i) [ , , we analyse the constraints on the , , m k I< > For fixed values of l k Results plane: Z I< > Neutralino dark matter Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview / / GeV :/ :/ / F - - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM m k l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Landau Pole Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 14/28 , (i) [ , , we analyse the constraints on the , , m k I< > For fixed values of l k Results plane: Z I< > Neutralino dark matter / / Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview GeV :/ :/ / F - - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM m k l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Landau Pole Summary Higgs tachyons 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 14/28 , (i) [ , , we analyse the constraints on the , , m k I< > For fixed values of l k Results plane: Z I< > Neutralino dark matter / / / F - Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview GeV :/ m k Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM :/ l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Landau Pole Summary Higgs tachyons False minima 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 14/28 , (i) [ , , we analyse the constraints on the , , m k I< > For fixed values of l k Results plane: Z I< > Neutralino dark matter / / / F - Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview Summary GeV :/ m k Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM :/ l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Landau Pole LEP constraints Higgs tachyons False minima 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 14/28 , (i) [ , , we analyse the constraints on the , m k , I< > For fixed values of l k Results plane: Z I< > Neutralino dark matter / / Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview GeV :/ / - Higgsino F m k Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM :/ l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Neutralino sector: The Singlino composition increases for small and , and the mass decreases. [ Summary Singlino 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 15/28 , (i) [ , , we analyse the constraints on the , m k , I< > For fixed values of l k Results plane: Z I< > Neutralino dark matter / / / F - - Doublet Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview GeV :/ m k Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM :/ l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Neutralino sector: The Singlino composition increases for small and , and the mass decreases. [ Summary Singlet Higgs sector: [ Light Higgses which are mainly Singlets are found for small and . 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 15/28 Results The corresponding neutralino-nucleon cross section as a function of the neutralino mass Z I< > Neutralino dark matter Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview / / GeV :/ :/ / F - - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM m k l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Black dots fulfil all the constraints. Summary Grey dots are excluded by LEP. 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 16/28 Results The corresponding neutralino-nucleon cross section as a function of the neutralino mass Z I< > Neutralino dark matter / / / F - Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview GeV :/ m k Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM :/ l k The Next-to-MSSM GeV GeV Black dots fulfil all the constraints. Summary Grey dots are excluded by LEP. ñ ¿º t + ð üý- / t Large values for the cross section pb are obtained for \ ü üf / / ü + ) ( :/ GeV with 9.2.2005 Edinburgh / ü 8 ­ \ and ­ / Z ü Lightest Neutralino: ° ­ Lightest Higgs: very light singlet-like Higgses. - p. 16/28 / - - GeV, with / / The GUT relation is fixed Overview GeV / . Z : GeV , I< > / /. m k / /. F / / l k / GeV , F / Neutralino dark matter The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results Results Masses and compositions Cross section Overview ü ü + I< > GeV), , and neutralinos which are 9.2.2005 Edinburgh . / ü Higgsino-singlino with ° ­ Very light singlet-like Higgses ( - correspond to: *)( ñ ð Large values for a¿º t + Summary - p. 17/28 Summary 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 18/28 Analysis of the direct detection of neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Neutralino dark matter Systematic analysis of the low-energy NMSSM parameter space. Summary Included experimental constraints from LEP data. The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results / + diagrams, because of the presence of very light Higgses ( ü f is due to an enhancement of Higgs-exchanging *)( ñ The increase in ð are attainable, within the reach of future dark matter experiments a¿º t + ñ ð a¿º t + Large values of Summary Homework (in progress) Summary GeV) with a significant singlet composition. 9.2.2005 Edinburgh üý- / / ¿º ü + ( / The lightest neutralino is a mixed singlino-Higgsino state within the mass range GeV - p. 19/28 Homework (in progress) Calculation of the neutralino relic density. In order for neutralinos to be a (complete) solution to the problem of dakr matter, their relic density has to be in agreement with observations (WMAP). The Next-to-MSSM Constraints on low energy observables, such as the muon anomalous magnetic moment, BR , BR , have to be included for experimental compatibility. Results t " £ s " ® v Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Neutralino dark matter Summary Detectability in colliders. In those regions with large neutralino-nucleon cross sections, it is interesting to analyse what are the signatures that one may expect from collider experiments. Summary Homework (in progress) Perform the full analysis from the GUT scale using the RGE equations. This allows for the inclusion of Charge and Colour Breaking and Unbounded from below constraints, as well as the study of possible correlations of soft terms at the GUT scale. 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 20/28 Extra Slides 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 21/28 9.2.2005 Edinburgh 8 \ 8 + + s [ 8 : s [ 8 : l k : : F IC @ s [ 8 l k s r : F s 8 8 r r l k s J q < s [ 8 l k s 8 IC @ s s [ 8 l k I< > s 8 C J q j i j i [ . [ m k \ \ j i g g + + £ The Next-to-MSSM + l k r r Fs Fs + : \ r \ r ! + Case (iii) Case (iv) j i Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) j i j i Extra Slides Ù Ù + 8 : : Z : F IC @ [ s [ s [ m k F l k r l Neutralino dark matter | F 8 s [ : l k r l k s [ _ l ¦ £ b Higgs Sector CP-odd Higgs: Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results Summary CP-even Higgs: - p. 22/28 , (i) : Despite the decrease in the tachyonic region, the region excluded experimentally by (IHDM and DHDM) is much larger and imply pb. üf- / t + ñ a¿º t + ð " X v t X ! Neutralino dark matter Decrease m k Variations of the parameters Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM / - - GeV , / F GeV , mnk / :/ , l k Z I< > The Next-to-MSSM GeV Results Summary Extra Slides Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) { / ü \ GeV with 9.2.2005 Edinburgh ü ¿º + ( Mixed singlino-Higgsino neutralinos with / ü + ) ( Case (iii) Case (iv) GeV - p. 23/28 , (i) : Variations in I< > Variations of the parameters Low values of are more experimentally constrained, but allow for lighter Higgses with a large singlet component and thus large ñ a¿º t + ð I< > Neutralino dark matter Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM / - - GeV , / :/ F GeV , m k / :/ , lk : I< > The Next-to-MSSM GeV Results Summary Extra Slides Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Case (iii) Case (iv) I< > For large tachyonic regions are larger, the Higgs is mainly a doublet and the Neutralino is Higgsino-like. Similar results to those in the MSSM are obtained. 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 23/28 , (i) Variations in l k Variations of the parameters : There is a range of “optimal” values for outside of which tachyons appear more easily in the Higgs sector and experimental constraints are more important. large ñ a¿º t + ð l k Neutralino dark matter Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM / - - GeV , / F GeV , mnk / . / , l k Z I< > The Next-to-MSSM GeV Results Summary Extra Slides Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Case (iii) Case (iv) 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 23/28 , (i) . Let us now address variations in the So far we have analysed the case gaugino mass parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Preserving the GUT relation The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter / - GeV - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results Summary / / GeV GeV GeV / F :/ / :/ Z / m k l k I< > Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Extra Slides 9.2.2005 Edinburgh / ü 8 ­ \ ! ­ / Z ü is singlino-Higgsino like ° ­ ¬« For low , + Case (iii) Case (iv) - p. 24/28 , (i) . Let us now address variations in the So far we have analysed the case gaugino mass parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Preserving the GUT relation The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter / :/ / - GeV, - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM GeV Results Summary / / GeV GeV GeV / F :/ / :/ Z / m k l k I< > Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Extra Slides / ñ ð become more important and a¿º t + increases, the gaugino components of ¬« + ü 8 ­ \ ! ­ / Z ü is singlino-Higgsino like ° ­ ¬« When For low , + Case (iii) Case (iv) decreases. 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 24/28 , (i) . Let us now address variations in the So far we have analysed the case gaugino mass parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Preserving the GUT relation The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter / / GeV, / :/ / - GeV, - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM GeV Results Summary / / GeV GeV GeV / F :/ / :/ Z / m k l k I< > Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Extra Slides / ñ ð become more important and a¿º t + increases, the gaugino components of ¬« + ü 8 ­ \ ! ­ / Z ü is singlino-Higgsino like ° ­ ¬« When For low , + Case (iii) Case (iv) 9.2.2005 Edinburgh ñ ð is bino-like and a¿º t + ¬« For large + decreases. is beyond experimental sensitivity. - p. 24/28 , (i) . Let us now address variations in the So far we have analysed the case gaugino mass parameters Variations in the gaugino masses : Relaxing the GUT relation The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter / - GeV - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results Summary / / GeV GeV GeV / F :/ / :/ Z / m k l k I< > Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Extra Slides The Wino composition becomes more important as , is larger than in the Bino case. increases. The cross section, 9.2.2005 Edinburgh ñ a¿º t + ð Case (iii) Case (iv) - p. 25/28 , (i) . Let us now address variations in the So far we have analysed the case gaugino mass parameters Variations in the gaugino masses : Relaxing the GUT relation The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter / :/ / - GeV, - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM GeV Results Summary / / GeV GeV GeV / F :/ / :/ Z / m k l k I< > Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Extra Slides The Wino composition becomes more important as , is larger than in the Bino case. increases. The cross section, 9.2.2005 Edinburgh ñ a¿º t + ð Case (iii) Case (iv) - p. 25/28 , (i) . Let us now address variations in the So far we have analysed the case gaugino mass parameters Variations in the gaugino masses : Relaxing the GUT relation The Next-to-MSSM Neutralino dark matter / / GeV, / :/ / - GeV, - Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM GeV Results Summary / / GeV GeV GeV / F :/ / :/ Z / m k l k I< > Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Extra Slides The Wino composition becomes more important as , is larger than in the Bino case. increases. The cross section, ñ a¿º t + ð Case (iii) Case (iv) / / a¿º + ( - Because of the experimental bound on the chargino mass, Wino-like neutralinos cannot be obtained below GeV. 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - p. 25/28 , (ii) Case (ii) $ " ! # ,- Neutralino dark matter ñ a¿º t + ð t / [ / In contrast with the previous examples, in case (ii), for , the Neutralino is Higgsino-like in all the parameter space and the cross section is bounded by . The lightest Higgs is doublet-like. / - - GeV , / F / :/ F GeV , m k , l k Z Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM I< > The Next-to-MSSM GeV Results Summary Extra Slides Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) Case (iii) Case (iv) 9.2.2005 Edinburgh - / ü ° ­ / ü \ - Most of the parameter space is excluded due to tachyons in both the CP-odd and CP-even Higgs sectors. and - p. 26/28 , (iii) Case (iii) ñ a¿º t + ð [ / In case (iii), for , the parameter space is again plagued with tachyons in the Higgs sector. Despite this, large can be found when the Higgs is light and singlet-like. / ° ­ - / GeV , GeV , m k / / Z , l k Z The Next-to-MSSM I< > Neutralino dark matter GeV Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results Summary Extra Slides Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) üý / . 9.2.2005 Edinburgh F / / + and ) ( GeV GeV ü a¿º + ( /. ü / The Neutralino is a mixed singlino-Higgsino state with - Case (iii) Case (iv) - p. 27/28 , (iv) % Case (iv) [ / The results for case (iv), with , are qualitatively similar to those of case (ii). The Neutralino is Higgsino-like and a doublet-like lightest Higgs is obtained. / :/ GeV , / / . GeV , mk , l k The Next-to-MSSM I< > Neutralino dark matter GeV Neutralino dark matter in the NMSSM Results Summary Extra Slides Higgs Sector Variations of the parameters Variations in the gaugino masses Variations in the gaugino masses Case (ii) / t - &: ñ ð a¿º t + The neutralino-nucleon cross-section is bounded by ü f ! Case (iii) Case (iv) pb by 9.2.2005 Edinburgh : ü - - + ) ( and GeV a¿º + ( experimental constraints. - p. 28/28