Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
Strategy Development for Recognition of Domestic
Worker’ Rights in India
Rumeysa Bayar
Due to high number of domestic workers, especially women workers,
in India, it is essential to debate about their rights. This paper,
therefore, provides a strategy development for gender mainstreaming
based on Levy’s (1998) ‘web of institutionalisation’ by creating two
main strategic routes. Main body starts with explaining the key spheres
mentioned in Levy’s methodology and continues with explaining
strategies. The paper stands on raising awareness of authority in order
to make visible domestic workers and strength their social status.
Field of research: Economics, poverty and human development
Domestic work is one of the largest work sector related with informal economy in India
(Final report of Task Force, 2011). According to International Labour Organisation
(ILO) domestic work is ‘any type of work performed in for a household’ and domestic
worker is ‘any person engaged in domestic work within an employment relationship’
(Convention No. 189 2011, p.3). Additionally, this sector is defined as ‘a person who
is employed for remuneration, whether in cash or kind, in any household through any
agency or directly, either on the temporary basis or permanent, part time or full time,
to do the household work or allied work, but does not include any member of the family
of the employer’ in Final Report of the Task Force on Domestic workers (2011, p.12).
In India, due to limited data, there are contradictions in number of domestic works but
ILO estimates as 4.5 million domestic workers and highly dominated by women
workers.
In order to strength the gender mainstreaming domestic rights, a strategy mechanism
should be conducted using Levy’s (1998) ‘web of institutionalisation’. This paper aims
to specify two strategic routes yet at first, it is essential to describe the key spheres
which are influenced to be used for implementation of strategies and specify their
strongest potential and weaknesses. There are three main spheres of the web of
institutionalisation yet these spheres are not just related with one sphere it also has
influence from other spheres. For more detailed problems and potentials please refer
to Appendix 1.
Citizen sphere: Nongovernment Organisations (NGOs) and Civil Organisation
Societies (CSOs) are the strongest corporations to raise awareness and capacity
building, public participation; moreover, some NGOs have been engaged in policy
making and legislation process.
For instance, National Domestic Workers Movement (NDWM) organise participation
activities such as crises intervention and awareness-building among domestic workers
and the public and they also participate with Self Employed Women’s Association
(SEWA) to production of Task Force on Domestic Workers and Draft National Policy.
Also NGOs has control over rural communities to disseminate information about
___________________________________________________________
Rumeysa Bayar, City and Regional Planning Department, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
rumeysabayar@gmail.com
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
domestic work and workers. These strong potentials can be used to integrate gender
to the mainstreaming activities.
Policy Sphere: ILO has published Domestic Workers Convention (No.189) which is
emphasis on basic rights and principles about domestic workers and define it as
‘strong recognition of the economic and social value of domestic work and call for
action to address the existing exclusions of domestic workers from labour and social
protection’ (Convention No. 189 2011, p.1) and this has been sported by the
Government of India and all South Asian governments. The Indian Government has
committed explicitly to legislative and administrative processes regarding the
protection of domestic workers; moreover, the cabinet replaced the Child Labour Act
1986 with the Child and Adolescent Labour Prohibition act (CALPA) in August 2011.
These strong potentials can lead us to organisational sphere and used effectively.
Organisational sphere:
The Indian Governmental organisations have strong
connection with administrative process. Ministry of Labour and Employment (MoLE)
published a task force about domestic workers, as mention above, and produced a
Final report, included policy recommendations. Also, domestic workers recognition is
already considered by some excising laws. These are strong potentials which can be
used through the process legislation of domestic workers’ rights. Additively, there is
already existing training programme such as in 2007 ‘Gender Budgeting Handbook for
Government if India Ministries and Departments’ was provided by the Ministry of
Women and Child Development.
All these potentials, indicated above, can be used as a guide line for a new strategy
development of domestic workers’ rights; however, there are some loopholes and
weaknesses, need to be enhanced. Before determining strategic routes, it is essential
to specify key obstacles to generate strategies.
To begin with, overall data about domestic workers is very limited and inaccurate. Due
to the contradiction about statistical data estimation of number of female, male and
child domestic workers, the gender mainstreaming development process is
aggravated. Consequently, it is difficult to situate workers in policy recommendations
and distinct category. Also lack of comparable information makes domestic workers
‘invisible workforce’ within the formal economy; therefore, they are working under poor
work conditions such as no defined work hours and day offs or no access to decent
wages or even not be paid by employers. These issues can be linked another main
problem which is legal recognition. Domestic workers have no specific category within
the context of workforce. This frequently results in social and economic exclusion. For
instance, they cannot claim same rights as other workers have e.g. health insurance,
maternity protection, minimum wages or security. Another key problem caused by lack
of legal recognition that domestic workers cannot access to an identity; whence, they
are not able to open a bank account, access to legal process yet the most important
issue is that they lose connection with their family so become more depended on their
employers or agencies.
In terms of authority level, NGOs and CSOs play a strong role developing domestic
rights; yet, the membership and connection with domestic workers is limited-this lead
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
us to lack of information-. Hence, the question of who they represent is still unclear.
Also, there is little/no information about how these organisations engage with
community and whether or not there are available well-trained staffs, both in
organisations and government level, to be negotiator between domestic workers and
authority. On the other hand, some political parties has started to take domestic
workers rights into account but clarifying who is responsible for incorporating this issue
into their political agenda.
Strategic Routes
Next step of this paper is to constitute strategic routes in order to develop and enhance
domestic workers’ rights regarding all genders and child workers. In order to find
detailed outline of working objectives please refer to Appendix 2.
Strategic Route 1
Political
Commitment
Pressure of
Political
constituencies
Women and
men's experience
and interpretion
of reality
Strategic Aim: Legitimisation of domestic work/workers’ rights will be initiated
through participatory gender mainstreaming process in order to generate decent work
conditions and have an identity. This legislation will be related with labour legislation,
Minimum Wages act 1948, Maternity Benefit Act 1961 and other relevant acts.
Activities:
1. To be able to legitimise the situation, it is crucial to address lack of information
about domestic workers. First of all, a statement of condition regarding gender
roles and expectations about legal process will be established with participation
of community. Additionally, statistical data about existing male, female and
child domestic workers will be assessed. This information will help us to
understand the current problems and provide accurate data to legal categories.
As a first place, ILO and NGOs will conduct a numeration system to understand
how/which/how many gender is dominant and address in current situation and
then organise meetings and create forums including all groups of society in
order to clarify existing problems not only statistical also social
problems/exclusion. Data collection is the key activities since the legitimisation
need to be based on solid knowledge.
o Actors to be involved: ILO, MoLE, NGOs, CSOs, Implementation
Committee
2. In order to procure legal recognition of domestic workers’ rights, a regulation
of domestic work will be enacted. This regulating will clarify definition and rules
about individual employers, domestic work agencies and domestic workers
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
rights and it will be supervised by the Labour Inspectorate which is the one of
key actors in terms of regulation. Also this will be covered under relevant acts
which are applicable such as Equal Remuneration Act 1976, Inter State
Migrant Workers Act 1976 and Employee’s State Insurance Act. First step is to
ILO and Law department heads will league together and point out which
existing laws is referring domestic work/workers regarding gender and child
labour. Afterwards, they will be to organise same meetings, as mentioned
above, and engage with community with the purpose of understanding
expectations and determining what kind of clauses should be on the regulation.
o Actors to be involved: ILO, Ministry of Law and Justice, NGOs, MoLE,
The Labour Inspectorate
3. In terms of creating visibility of domestic work and workers, gendered
participation process such as meetings will be conducted. In this process,
NGOs and CSOs representatives will explain the legalisation and the
procedures; thereby, individuals will be able to seek their rights and reach
relevant authorities when they are abused or not be paid. In these meetings, a
dialogue forum will be created among society. This will be an opportunity for
rural men and women who lost their connection with their relatives/ children/
community members who have gone to work as a domestic worker in the city.
Also this information leads us to workers identity and helps to numeration
process.
o Actors to be involved: ILO, NGOs, CSOs
Strategic Route 2
Mainstream
responsibility
for gender
issues
Policy/Planing
Staff
development
Strategic aim:
In order to implement strategic route 1 and provide clear
responsibilities of which actors will be involve in the decision making process in terms
of legislation and regulation, an institutional mechanism will be constituted.
Activities
1. To organise meetings/forums and legitimise the situation and create reliable
information exchange between workers and all level of organisations, staff
development and training will be performed. This programme also will involve
building well-trained and educated staff in gender and domestic works theories.
Training will use the existing training programmes and receive professional
support from local NGOs and CSOs and also MoLE and WIEGO in order to
increase both public and politic awareness. Also, in this training programme a
skill development for domestic workers, who have no experience on domestic
works, will be also organised in order to prevent workers to be humiliated by
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
employee and consider this work as a real work. These processes will
emphasis on gendered participation and be engorged through provision of
gender aware publications. These trained staff will works not only as consultant
but also as negotiator in terms of meeting the expectations of workers.
 Actors to be involved: NGOs, CSOs, local training communities, ILO
2. To generate a public awareness in terms of domestic work/workers,
publications, leaflets and newspapers will be produced and delivered. Also
events will be created in social media-facebook/twitter- to draw attention
globally. These publications will display rural men’ and women’ low social
status, abuse problems, their loneliness and the most important point is that
community will be awaken existence of domestic workers. This process will help
us to reach hidden workers who are afraid of their employers and corporate
with them. This process will influence by local NGOs and CSO but also consult
International NGOs’ experience such as UNESCO and World Association of
Newspapers and news publishers and ask for financial support.
 Actors to be involved: Ministry of Information and Broadcasting,
NGOs, CSO, Local newspapers
3. Although NGOs and CSOs have important position in terms of developing
domestic workers’ rights, the membership and whose representative they are
is still an issue. To address this problem, all organisations will approach
domestic workers equally and the nature of organisations-religious or one
gender dominant- will be made more transparent; therefore, inclusion of all
domestic workers regardless of gender and religion also this will help increasing
membership of organisations. As mention in other activities, participation
meeting and forums will play key role to communicate with domestic workers.
Same exercise will be carried out in this process.
 Actors to be involved: NGOs, CSOs, ILO
Conclusion
To conclude, it should be clarified that these two routs have influence from other
spheres of web of institutionalisation. But the citizen sphere plays the key role in this
process because the strongest potentials are in the under title of pressure of political
constituencies. Yet all routes have explicit connection with others and will serve equal
work and cannot be either separated or prioritised over another. Also , these routes
are linked with both their weaknesses and potentials to correct one’s deficiencies .It is
expected that through building participatory and gendered process, legitimisation and
recognition of domestic workers’ rights regarding social status of workers will be
carried out with help of authority.
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
BIBLIOGRAPGH
Final report of Task Force on Domestic Workers: Realising Decent Work 2011,
Director General Labour Welfare, Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of
India.
International Labour Office (ILO) 2011, Convention No.189: Decent work for Domestic
Workers, Geneva
Levy, C 1998, ‘Institutionalisation of gender through participatory practice’ in Guijt,
Irene and Shah, Meera Kaul, The Myth of Community: gender issues in participatory
development, pp 254-267, London, Intermediate Technology Publications
APPENDICIES
APPENDIX 1: Gender diagnosis of problems and potentials, Domestic Workers
in India
a. Citizen Sphere
 Women and Men’s experience and their reflexive interpretation of reality
Problems
Potentials
 Domestic workers are considered
 In rural area, some poor families
as “invisible workers”.
can receive some extra money
from their family members who
 There is very little legal
are domestic workers in the city.
recognition of domestic workers.

Because of the reproductive role
 Female domestic workers can be
of domestic workers in the
suffered from sexual, physical,
household,
their
female
psychological and financial abuse
employers
can
undertake
by employers and placement
professional jobs.
agencies
 Due to lack of education,
 In terms of forcing and trafficking
domestic works are a good job
people to work as a domestic
opportunities for rural women.
worker is a significant problem.
 In some rural areas, due to the
extreme poverty, some families
send their children to work as
domestic workers.
 The number of children domestic
workers are widespread in India
 There is limited information about
male domestic workers.
 Domestic workers have limited
access to legal process due to
lack of education.
 Domestic workers have no skill
training
and
development
facilities.
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
 Pressure of political Constituencies
Problems
Potentials
 There are some issues about
 NGOs and CSOs are the key
representation and inclusion of
factors in capacity building and
NGOs and CSOs. Because of
raising awareness. For example,
religious issues some NGOs
NDWM
provides
some
represent Christians predominantly
programmes such as capacity
and this cause exclusion of other
building
programmes
and
domestic workers who are not
workshops, crisis intervention,
Christians.
awareness-building
among
domestic
workers
and
the
public.
 NGOs/CSOs
have
limited
membership owing to the both
 NGOs play significant role in
invisibility and isolation of domestic
terms of lobbying and advocacy,
workers.
and legislation process. For
instance, NDWM and SEWA both
 Some CSOs and trade unions are
play role in the process of Draft
acting as a placement agencies and
National Policy.
therefore there are two kind of
services for domestic workers Some NGOs have organised local
referrals and lobbying. This causes
vigilance
in
some
rural
conflicts and contradictions.
communities. Dissemination of
information
about
domestic
workers
problems,
opening
networks
and
addressing
stereotypes which are believed by
domestic workers families.
 Representative Political Structures
Problems
Potentials
 At federal level some parties have
 The Domestic Workers Task force
already begun to take into account
incorporated the Director General
domestic workers as a political
Labour Welfare,
MoLE
and
agenda; however, it is not explicit
representatives from the Ministry of
that who provide this process and
Women and Child Development
how is going to be.
and Ministry of Social Justice.
 It is still not clear that how
 Due to the reservation quota of %30
representative/inclusive
each
women in national, state and local
political party/government body is.
government, it can be said that this
is an opportunity to gain political
 Some state governments have
support for domestic workers
provided some legal act in terms of
legislation; however, it can be also
addressing minimum wages. Yet
a negative effect in terms of drawing
this political support changes from
attention of female domestic
state to state considerably.
workers problem because women
in parliament may tend not to see
this issue as a problem.
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
b. Policy Sphere
 Policy and Planning
Problems
Potentials
 Because of the lack of statistical
 The MoLE enacted a task force on
data about domestic workers, the
domestic workers, which provided a
policy strategies may not be
First Report and Final Report that
established using solid knowledge.
included recommendations and a
Draft National Policy to offer the
 All labour legislation process is
Government.
based
on
formal
sector
employment; however, it becomes
 Some policy recommendations
problematic when applied to
have already been practiced in
informal work sector such as
some levels. For example minimum
domestic works.
wage settings
 The Draft National Policy has not
 Some exiting labour laws recognise
been officially adopted by the
domestic workers legally.
central government.
 Political Commitment
Problems
Potentials
 Convention No.189, No.182 and
 ILO
established
Convention
No.138 have not been approved.
No.189 which is addressing
decent work conditions, rights and
 There is a strong resistance to
recognition of domestic workers.
domestic workers legislation
And this is supported by the
especially in relation to child
Government of India.
domestic labour.
 In terms of addressing chid labour
situation in India, ILO provided
Convention No.138 on minimum
age to employment and work and
Convention No.182 which against
the worst forms of child labour.
 The Indian Government has
committed explicitly to provide
legislative and administrative
measures for the protection of
domestic workers.
 In August 2012, the cabinet
replaced the Child Labour Act
1986 with the child and
Adolescent Labour Prohibition
Act.
 Resources
Problems
Potentials
 The amount of funding and the
 Funding of policy
exact allocation of resources are
recommendations has been
not clear.
promised to provide.
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
c. Organisational Sphere
 Mainstream Location of responsibility for gender issues
Problems
Potentials
 Due to being only a project, Task
 The task force was set up by
force does not provide an
MoLE under the office of Director
assurance of permanent internal
General Labour Welfare.
bodies with the responsibility of
seeing through and policy
recommendations.
 Although the Labour Inspectorate
is one of the key actors to
supervise the implementation of
labour
laws,
due
to
not
considering private household as
a work place, the domestic work is
not often taken into account in the
process of legislation.
 Because of the funding Task force
by ILO it is external.
 There should be an organisation
in terms of data collection. It is still
unclear that which level of
organisation and who has the
main responsibility to gather solid
data.
 Procedures
Problems
Potentials
 It is not clear that what kind of
 As draft policy suggests, in some
procedure needs to be followed
states some strategies about
during the inspection in the
domestic workers has been
workplace of a domestic worker
begun to implement. However,
while undertaking by the Labour
these
policies
require
a
Inspectorate.
registration or a certificate from
domestic workers. This procedure
 It is also unclear that how the
is not also clear.
Labour Inspectorate deals with
any breaches.
 The Draft policy explicitly provide
recommendations for domestic
 The information about registration
workers; yet, the procedure of this
of which domestic workers; union
process does not explain that
and which domestic workers are
which domestic workers would
allowed to join them is not made
have right to make a labour
explicitly.
complaint.
 Domestic workers are not
disseminated information about
procedures clearly and regularly.
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
 Staff development
Problems
Potentials
 It is a significant problem that
 some existing training guidelines
there is no or little information
and recommendations for raising
about how and who organisations
gender awareness is a strong
can address the question if
potential; however; which of them
gender into all level of and
are utilised and incorporated is
corporate
with
other
not clear
organisations.
This
problem
involves both NGOs/CSOs and
government
d. Delivery Sphere
 Methodology
Problems
Potentials
 Some methodologies used by
 The main tool is used generally is
NGOs and government are
awareness raising and advocacy
gender-blind.
at any local or national level
 NGOs were not present at task
 The Draft National Policy and
force meeting as provided in the
Task Force provided some
Final Task Force
methodologies in terms of
addressing domestic workers
 All level of organisations has
issue.
Such as providing a
inputs but has limited influence
certificate, registration camps of
over government decision making
domestic workers, free access to
at local and national levels.
identification and dissemination of
information
 Registration
of
placement
agencies is a recommendation
made by the Draft National Policy
 Theory Building
Problems
Potentials
 It is difficult to address caste,
 The Decent Work for Domestic
gender,
ethnicity
due
to
Workers campaign provided by
implication
of
the
current
ILO is made an explicitly a theory
traditional
understanding
of
building strategy.
domestic workers.
 NGOs/CSOs are also providing a
new cultural conceptualisations of
domestic work and those who
undertake it.
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
 Applied Research
Problems
Potentials
 There is limited information about
 NGOs/CSOs can easily access to
numbers of domestic workers,
domestic workers this makes
their problems, wage amount and
more easier to collect information
their living conditions.
about domestic workers living
conditions.
 Due to being invisible work force
data collection becomes more
 Quantitative data about domestic
difficult.
workers can be found in the NSS
resources.
 The problems regarding private
and public places/boundaries
 The Draft National Policy also
cause difficulty in accessing
provides some information about
domestic workers
accurate data collection.
 Delivery of Programmes and projects
Problems
Potentials
 The government’s project is still
 The Draft National Policy includes
within the small scale. The other
some extended strategies such
projects are conducted by NGOs
as registration of domestic
and CSOs
workers and placement agencies,
skill development training.
 There is a lack of regulation of
framework.
The placement
 NGOs and CSOs are playing key
agencies operate and delivery
roles
in
awareness-raising
system is problematic.
activities.

The programmes and projects
regarding child labour have been
started to implement by MoLE.
For example, the National Child
Labour Project (NCLP) has been
active for 24 years.
 Some policies such as social
security programmes are carried
out in some states but not
nationally.
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
APPENDIX 2: Working objective outlines
ROUTE 1.
Political commitment
Pressure of political Constituencies
men’s experience and interpretation of reality
Women and
Strategic aim: To legitimise the current situation of domestic work/workers right
Working Objective 1.
To gather accurate statistical/qualitative and quantitative data about domestic
workers
CONSTRAINTS
ASSETS
 There is not enough trained staff
 There is some information
to collect data
conducted by the NSS
 Lack of identity of domestic works
 Drat National Policy has some
make difficult to access them
programmes
in
terms
of
addressing missing data about
 Who I am worked with and
domestic workers
responsible to whom is not clear
 Registration process will help to
 Funding of this project is not clear
find accurate data
 Not enough information about
 NGOs and CSOs can help me to
domestic workers so for
access domestic workers
 Some methodology is already
exist used by NGOs and the
government
 I am an urban planner and have
enough skills to conduct a
research and can be a team
leader
ENTRY STRATEGIES
 A stakeholder analysis will be done
 A research to fund this project will be done
 The staff I will work with will be clarified
 Indentify what kind of information needs to be found in order to legitimise
domestic workers
 Prepare and develop a methodology to gather missing information. This can
be survey, questionnaire or interview door to door.
 Compare existing methodology with new version and eliminate weaknesses.
 Provide a technical support team
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
Working Objective 2.
To Enact the regulation of domestic work
CONSTRAINTS
ASSETS
 It is a question that how I can
 There is some exit act regarding
reach government level and talk
domestic workers and child labour
someone
 The government supports this
 Some acts are not affiliated
policy
 Which specific organisation I do
 The ILO and some NGOs fund
need to engage
this policies
 Not enough data to put and
address in regulation act.
 It is unclear that where I can work
and whether or not my work
timeline is limited
ENTRY STRATEGIES
 Find the key organisation and staff at local and national level
 Do some research how to regulate domestic workers
 Gather enough information about domestic workers
 Provide a legal expert team
 Have meetings with domestic workers and some families from rural areas
 Find a place to work and have meeting with stakeholders and domestic
workers
Working Objective 3.
Creating visibility of domestic workers, participation process will be carried out
CONSTRAINTS
ASSETS
 Domestic
workers
hide
 NGOs and CSOs can access
themselves
domestic workers easily
 I am not clear about whether or
 Procedure is not clear
not domestic workers are willing
 ILO and NGOs can support me
to corporate with me







ENTRY STRATEGIES
Book a place/room
Prepare workshops, meeting and conference at all level
Invite all level of representatives of stakeholders
Access to domestic workers and families who have family members working
as a domestic worker
Prepare comprehensible information for domestic workers in terms of
explaining legal process of legitimisation of their situation
Prepare key questions to understand their expectations
Engage with placement agencies and domestic workers’ employers
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
ROUTE 2.
Mainstream responsibility for gender issues
Development
Policy/Planning
Staff
Strategic Aim: To provide an institutional mechanism in order to set up
responsibilities for decision making process
Working Objective 1.
Well qualified staff development in order to carry out process of legitimisation of
domestic workers
CONSTRAINTS
ASSETS
 There is limited information about
 There is some exiting training
existing staff governmental
programmes
departments and NGOs
 The
Draft
National
Policy
 Who I can work with in this
supports staff training
process is not clear
 Local Training Communities is the
 Lack/limited resources
strongest stakeholder
 Time line is unclear
 I do not know how many staff are
need to be trained
 I do not know the cost








ENTRY STRATEGIES
Identify the key stakeholder to train staff with me
Find a place or book a room to carry out training programme
Select a technical support team
Draw a timeline
Read some articles and relevant papers in order to decide how many staff I
need and how they will be trained in the way of gendered methodology
Meet some representatives and discuss with them content of training
programme
Use accurate data and prepare a report which explains men and women
roles in society and current situation in India
Engage with existing training programme
Proceedings of 33rd International Business Research Conference
4 - 5 January 2016, Flora Grand Hotel, Dubai, UAE, ISBN: 978-1-922069-94-8
Working Objective 2.
Raising awareness of domestic workers situation
CONSTRAINTS
ASSETS
 I am not sure whether or not
 I have ability to access social
community is conservative
media and create web pages and
groups
 I do not know whether or not I can
engage with the media
 It is free
 I have design ability to prepare a
leaflet and newspaper pages and
technical knowledge to design a
website






ENTRY STRATEGIES
Prepare a group in social media
Design a website
Find some stakeholders
Design leaflet and one page newspaper advertisement
Find some newspaper agencies and talk with them in terms of publishing
leaflets and advertisements for free or low price
Find some domestic workers and their families and write/record/film their
story
Working Objective 3.
Increase membership of NGOs and CSOs and provide participatory meetings
CONSTRAINTS
ASSETS
 Lack of
information about
 I am an urban planner so I can
membership
bring representatives of each
level of organisations and explain
 It is difficult to explain domestic
them the process
workers why they should become
a member
 Religious problems
 Lack of staff
 Who
represents
domestic
workers?




ENTRY STRATEGIES
Book a room or find a place for meeting
Train some staff for meetings
Prepare information for dissemination
Prepare a report which explains the process and aim of meetings