Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 4(21): 4200-4205, 2012 ISSN: 2040-7467 © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2012 Submitted: December 18, 2011 Accepted: April 23, 2012 Published: November 01, 2012 Intuitionisitic Fuzzy B-algebras Jiayin Peng School of Mathematics and Information Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, CO 641112 China Abstract: The notion of intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebras is introduced and their some properties are investigated. How to deal with the homomorphic image and inverse image of intuitionsitic fuzzy ideals are B-algebras. The relations between a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra and a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra in the product B-algebras are given. Keywords: B-algebra, homomorphism, intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra, product B-algebra INTRODUCTION In 1966, (Imai and Iseki, 1966) defined a class of algebras of type (2, 0) named BCK-algebras. At the same time, (Iseki, 1966) generalized another class of algebras of type (2, 0) called BCI-algebras. Hu and Li (1983) introduced the concept of BCH-algebras and gave examples of proper BCH-algebras (Hu and Li, 1985). Neggers and Kim (2001) introduced and investigated a class of algebras, viz., the class of B-algebras, which is related to several classes of algebras of interest such as BCH/BCI/BCK- algebras and which seems to have rather nice properties without being excessively complicated otherwise. Xi (1991) applied the notion of fuzzy sets (Zadeh, 1966) to BCK/BCI-algebras. Jun (1993), Meng, (1994) and Jun and Roh (1994) investigated fuzzy ideals of BCK/BCI-algebras. Young et al. (2002) introduced notions of fuzzy B-algebras and investigated its properties. In 1986, (Atanassov, 1986) introduced the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, which is a significant extension of fuzzy set theory by Zadeh (1966).Li and Wang (2000) studied intuitionistic fuzzy group and its homomorphisic image and subsequently discussed the product and extension principle of the intuitionistic fuzzy sets (Li and Wang, 2002). In this study, we introduce notion of intuitionistic fuzzy B-algebras and discuss their properties. Some properties of the homomorphic (isomorphic) image and inverse image of intuitionistic fuzzy B-algebras will be studied, the notions of intuitionistic fuzzy relation, strongest intuitionistic fuzzy relation and Cartesian product of intuitionisitic fuzzy sets will be given, some relations between intuitionistic fuzzy B-algebras and its product B-algebras are exposed. A collection of intuitionsitic fuzzy sets of X is denoted by IFS(X). Let A, B, IFS(X). A = {< x, :A(x) <A(x)>| x , X } and B = {< x, :B(x) <B(x)>| x , X }.Consider the relation between A and B as follow: C C AfB if and only if :A (x) < :B (x) and <A (x) $ <B (x) for all x , X. A = B if and only if :A (x) = :B (x) and <A (x) = <B(x) for all x , X . C A ∩ B = {< x , µ A ( x ) ∧ µ B ( x )v A ( x ) > | x ∈ X } C A ∪ B = {< x , µ A ( x ) ∨ µ B ( x ), v A ( x ) ∧ v B ( x ) > | x ∈ X } Otherwise, C IA ⎧ ⎫ = ⎨ x , ∧ µ A j ( x ), ∨ v A j ( x ) x ∈ X ⎬ j ∈J j ∈J ⎩ ⎭ IA ⎫ ⎧ = ⎨ x , ∨ µ A j ( x ), ∧ v A j ( x ) x ∈ X ⎬ j ∈J j ∈J ⎭ ⎩ j ∈J C j ∈J i i C ~A = {< x, :A(x) 1! :A(x) >| x , X } C A = {< x, 1! <A(x), <A(x)>| x , X } Definition 2: (Li and Wang, 2000) Let f be a mapping from the set X to the set Y and B = {< x, :B(x), >*x , X }. a intuitionsitic fuzzy set of Y. The inverse image of B, denoted by f!1(B), is the intuitionsitic fuzzy set of X defined by: f!1(B)×{+x, :B(f(x)), vB(f(x)),|x0X} PRELIMINARIES Definition 1: Atanassov (1986) Let X be a nonempty set. A set A = {< x, :A(x) <A(x)>| x , X } is said to a intuitionsitic fuzzy set of X if mapping :A: ÷ [0, 1] and <A : X÷ [0, 1] satisfy 0 # :A (x) + <A (x) # 1 for all x , X. Conversely, let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x), >| x , X }. be a intuitionsitic fuzzy set of X. Then the image of A, denoted by f (A), is the intuitionsitic fuzzy set of Y given by: 4200 Res. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol., 4(21): 4200-4205, 2012 µ A (∏ x * x ) = µ A ( x ) and f(A)×{+y, f(:A)(y), f$ (vA)(y) ,|y0Y} n where, ν A (∏ x * x ) = ν A ( x ) Whenever n is even. ⎧⎪ f∨−1 µ A ( x ), f ( y ) ≠ ∅ f ( µ A )( y ) = ⎨ x ∈ ( y ) ⎪⎩ 0, f −1 ( y ) ≠ ∅ −1 n Proof: Let x , X and assume that n is odd. Then n = 2k!1 for some positive interger k . Observe that :A(x*x) = :A (0) $ :A (x) and <A (x*x) = <A (0) # <A(x). Suppose that µ A ( ∏ x * x) ≥ µ A ( x) and ν A (∏ x * x) ≤ ν A ( x) for a positive ⎧⎪ f∨−1 ν A ( x ), f −1 ( y ) ≠ ∅ f (ν A )( y ) = ⎨ x ∈ ( y ) ⎪⎩ 1, f −1 ( y ) ≠ ∅ 2 k −1 n integer k . Then: µ A ( ∏ x * x ) = µ A ( ∏ x * x )µ A ( ∏ x * ( x * ( x * x ))) 2 ( k + 1) Definition 3: Neggers and Kim (2001) An algebra of type (X;*,0) is called a B-algebra if it satisfies the following axioms: 2 k +1 2 k −1 = µ A (∏ x * x) ≥ µ A ( x) 2 k −1 ν A ( ∏ x * x ) = ν A ( ∏ x * x ) = ν A ( ∏ x * ( x * ( x * x ))) (B1) x * x = 0 2 ( k + 1) 2 k +1 2 k −1 = ν A (∏ x * x) ≤ ν A ( x) (B2) x * 0 = x 2 k −1 which proves (1). Similarly we obtain the second part. (BCH3) (x* y)* z = x* (z* (0 * y)) for all x ,y, z , X . In Young et al. (2002), the concept of fuzzy Balgebras is introduced. A fuzzy set : in B-algebra X is said to be an anti-fuzzy B-algebra of X if for all x, y , X , :(x*y) # :(x) ∨ :(y). Proposition 3: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x), >| x , X } be a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra, then for all x, y , X: (IFB1) :A (0*x) $ :A(x) and) <A (0*x) # <A(x), (IFB2) :A (x*(0*y)) $ :A(x) ∧ :A(y) and <A (x*(0*y)) # <A(x) ∨ <A(y) INTUITIONSITIC FUZZY B-ALGEBRAS Definition 1: Let (X; *, 0) be a B-algebra. A intuitionsitic fuzzy set A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x), >| x , X } of X is said to be a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra if it satisfies :A(x*y) v :A(x) :A(y) ∧ and <A(x*y) # <A(x)w<A(y) for all x, y , X: Proof: For any x, y , X, we have :A (0*x) $ :A(0) ∧ :A(x), = :A(x) and :A (x*(0*y)) $ :A(x) ∧ :A(x) (0*y) $ :A(x) ∧ :A(y) . Similarly we have that <A (0*x) # <A (x) and <A (x* (0*y))# <A (x) ∨ <A (y). Proposition 1: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x), >| x , X } be a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra. Then , :A(0) $, :A(x) and <A (0) # <A (x) ≤ , for all x , X. Corollary 4: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x), >| x , X }be a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra, then for all x , X, :A(0*x) = :A(x) and <A(0*x) = <A(x). Proof: Since x*x = 0 for all x , X , we havet hat :A(0) = :A(x*x) $ :A(x)v:A(x) = :A(x) and <A (0) # <A (x)w<A (x) = <A (x) <A(0) # .This completes the proof. For any elements x and y of X, let us write ∏ x * y for Proof: Since x = 0* (0*x), if A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra, then <A(x) = <A(0*(0*x)) # <A(0) ∨ <A(0*x) = <(0*x), i.e., <A(0*x) = <A (x). Similarly we can prove that :A(0*x) = :A (x). for all x , X. n x*(…*(x*(x*y))) where, x occurs n times. Proposition 2: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x), >| x , X } be a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra and let n , N. Then for all: µ A (∏ x * x ) ≥ µ A ( x ) and n Theorem 5: If a intuitionsitic fuzzy set A of X satisfies (IFB1) and (IFB2), then A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra. Proof: Suppose that A satisfies (IFB1) and (IFB2) and let x, y , X. Then, ν A (∏ x * x ) ≤ ν A ( x ) Whenever n is odd <A (x * y) = <A (x * (0 * (0 * y))) n 4201 Res. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol., 4(21): 4200-4205, 2012 # <A (x) ∨ <A (0*y) Case (2): If f!1(y1) = Ø and f!1(y2) = Ø, then let x10, x20 , X such that :A(x10) = zefinf( y ) µ A ( z) , :A(x20) = zefinf( y ) µ( z) and: −1 = <A (x)w<A (y) −1 2 1 Similarly we have that :A(x * y) $ :A (x) v :A (y) Hence A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra. µ ( z) : A ( x 1 0 * x 2 0 ) zef inf . Then f(:A)(y1*y2) ( y *y ) = sup µ A ( z) = µ A ( x10 * x20 ) ≥ µ A ( x10 ) ∧ µ A ( x20 ) −1 1 z∈ f Theorem 6: If A and B are intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X, then so is A 1B. Proof: For all x, y , X, we get: ( y1 * y2 ) = ( inf µ A ( z)) ∧ ( inf −1 −1 z∈ f ( y1 ) z∈ f ( y2 ) µ A ( z)) = f ( µ A )( y1 ) ∧ f ( µ A )( y2 ) . Similarly, we have that: µ A∩ B ( x * y ) = µ A ( x * y ) ∧ µ B ( x * y ) ≥ [ µ A ( x ) ∧ µ A ( y )] ∧ [ µ B ( x ) ∧ µ B ( y )] f$ (ν A )( y1 * y2 ) ≤ f$ (v )( y ) ∨ f$ (v )( y ) A 1 A 2 Therefore, f(A) is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of Y. = [ µ A ( x ) ∧ µ B ( x )] ∧ [ µ A ( y ) ∧ µ B ( y )] = µ A∩ B ( x ) ∧ µ A ∩ B ( y ) Theorem 10: Let f be a homomorphism from a B-algebra X onto a B-algebra Y and A a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra of Y. Then the preimage f!1(A) of A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X. similarly, we have that: ν A ∩ B ( x * y ) ≤ v A∩ B ( x ) ∨ v A∩ B ( y ) Proof: Let x,y , X. Since A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra of Y , we have that: and hence A1B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra. µf Corollary 7: Let Ai be intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X for all i , J. Then I A is also a intuitionsitic fuzzy Bi∈ j −1 2 −1 ( A) ( x * y ) = µ A ( f ( x * y )) = µ A ( f ( x ) * f ( y )) i algebra of X. Similarly, we have: ≥ µ A ( f ( x )) ∧ µ A ( f ( y )) Theorem 8: Let A and B are intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebras of X . Then ~ A and A are intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebras of X. Definition 2: A intuitionsitic fuzzy set A of X has sup-inf property if, for any TfX, there exist x0, y0, , T such that :A(x0) = SUPz,T :A (z) and <A(y0) = inf z,T <A (z). Theorem 9: Let f be a homomorphism from a B-algebra X into a B-algebra Y and A a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X with sup-inf property. Then the image f(A ) of A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of Y. Proof: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x), >| x , X } and let y1, y2 , Y. we consider the following two cases: !1 !1 = µ f −1( A ) ( x ) ∧ µ f −1( A ) ( y ) Similarly, ν f −1( A) ( x * y ) ≤ ν f −1( A) ( x ) ∨ ν f −1 ( A) ( y ) Hence f!1(A) is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X . Corollary 11: Let f be a homomorphism from a B-algebra X onto a B-algebra Y. Then the following conclusions hold: C Case (1): If f (y1) = Ø or f (y2) = Ø, then f (y1* y2) = Ø. And so f(:A)(y1* y2) = 0 and f$ (<A)(y1* y2) = 1. Thus f(:A)(y1* y2) = 0 = f(:A)(y2) ∧ and: If for all j , J, Aj, are intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebras A j ) is intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X , then f ( I j ∈J !1 C of Y. If for all t , T, Bt are intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebras Bt ) is intuitionsitic fuzzy Bof Y, then f − 1(I t ∈T f$ (ν A )( y1 * y2 ) = 1 = f$ (ν A )( y1 ) ∨ f$ (ν A )( y2 ) algebras of X. 4202 Res. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol., 4(21): 4200-4205, 2012 C C If A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X, then f(A) and f(A) are intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of Y. If B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of Y, then f!1(B) and f!1(B) are intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebras of X. Theorem 12: Let f be an isomorphism from a B-algebra X onto a B-algebra Y. If A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra of X, then f!1( f(A)) = A. where, :A×B = :A(x)v:B(y), <A×B = <A(x)w<B(y). Then A×B is a binary intuitionsitic fuzzy relation on X . Theorem 16: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x),>|x , X } and B = {< x, :B(x), <B (x),>|x , X } be intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra of X . Then A×B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra of X ×X. Proof: Since A, B are intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebras of X, we have: Proof: For any x , X , let f(x) = y, since f is an isomorphism, f!1(y) = {x}. Thus = f(:A)(f(x)) = f(:A)(x)) = f(:A)(y)= ∨−1 µ A ( x ) = µ A ( x ) and: x∈ f f −1 µ A× B (( x , y ) *( x ', y ')) = µ A× B ( x * x ' , y * y ' ) ( y) = µ A ( x * x ') ∧ µ B ( y * y ' ) ( f$ (ν A ))( x ) f$ (ν A )( f ( x )) = f$ (ν A )( y ) ∧ ν A ( x) = ν A ( x) ≥ [ µ A ( x ) ∧ µ A ( x ')] ∧ [ µ B ( y ) ∧ µ B ( y ')] = x ∈ f −1 = [ µ A ( x ) ∧ µ B ( y )] ∧ [ µ A ( x ' ) ∧ µ B ( y ' )] therefore f!1(f(A)) = (A). Corollary 13: Let f be an isomorphism from a B-algebra X onto a B-algebraY. If B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra of Y, then f!1(f(B)) = (B). = µ A× B ( x , y ) ∧ µ A× B ( x ' , y ' ) for all: ( x , y ),( x ' , y ' ) ∈ X × X Corollary 14: Let f : X ÷ X be an automorphism. If A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X, then: Similarly, f ( A) = A ⇔ f −1 ( A) = A ν A× B (( x , y ) * ( x ' , y ' )) ≤ ν A× B ( x , y ) ∨ ν A× B ( x ' , y ' ) A intuitionsitic fuzzy set: R = {+(x, y), :R (x, y), vR (x, y),}|x0X, y0Y}0 IFS(X×Y) is called a binary intuitionsitic fuzzy relation (Lei et al., 2005) from X into Y. A binary intuitionsitic fuzzy relation from X into Y is said to be a binary intuitionsitic fuzzy relation on X if X = Y. Definition 3: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x),>|x , X } IFS[X] A binary intuitionsitic fuzzy relation: R= { ( x , y ), µ R ( x , y ), ν R ( x , y ) x , y ∈ X } on X is called a intuitionsitic fuzzy relation on A if :R (x, y) # :A (x) v:A(y) and <R(x,y) $ <A(x)w<A(y) for all x, y , X. Lemma 15: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x),>|x , X } and B = {< x, :B(x), <B (x),>|x , X } be intuitionsitic fuzzy sets of X. A Cartesian product of A and B defined by: { A × B ( x , y ), µ A× B ( x , y ), ν A× B ( x , y ) x , y ∈ X } for all (x, y), ( x ' , y ' ) X×X. Hence A×B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X×X. Theorem 17: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x),>|x , X }and B = {< x, :B(x), <B (x),>|x , X } be intuitionsitic fuzzy sets of a B-algebra X such that A×B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra of X×X . Then, C C C C C C C C 4203 Either :A(x) # :A(0) or :B(x) # :B(0) for all x , X. Either <A(x) # <A(0) or <B(x) $<B (0) for all x , X. If :A(x) # :A(0) for all x , X, then :A (x) # :B(0) or :B(x) :B(0) . If <A(x) # <A(0) for all x , X, then <A(x) $ <B(0) or <B(x) $ <B(0). If :B(x) # :B(0) for all x , X, then :A (x) # :A(0) or :B (x) # :A(0). If <B(x) # <B (0) for all x , X, then <A(x) $ <A(0) or <B(x) $ <A(0). Either :A or :B is a fuzzy B-algebra (Young et al., 2002) of X. Either <A or <B is an anti-fuzzy B-algebra of X.’ Res. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol., 4(21): 4200-4205, 2012 Proof: (i) Suppose that :A (x) # :A(0) and :B (y) > :B(0) for some x, y , X. Then: µ A× B ( x , y ) = µ A ( x ) ∧ µ B ( y )) > µ A (0) ∧ µ B (0) = µ A× B (0,0). This is a contradiction. Hence (i) holds. (ii) is by similar method to part (i). (iii) Assume that there exist x, y , X. such that :A(x) >:B(0) and :A(y)>:B(0). Then µ A× B ( x , y ) = µ A ( x ) ∧ µ B ( y ) > µ B (0) = µ B (0)) = µ A× B (0,0) , which is a contradiction. Hence (iii) holds. (vi), (v) and (vi) are by similar method to part (iii). (vii) Since by (i) either :A(x) # :A(0) or :B(x) > :B(0) for all x , X , without loss of generality we may assume that :B(x) # :B(0) for all x , X . From (v), it follows that :A(x) # :A(0) or :B(x) > :A(0). If :B(x) > :A(0), then :A×B(0, x) = :A(0)v:B(x) = :B(x). Let (x1, x2), (y1, y2), , X×X . Since A×B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of , X×X we have: From the proof of Theorem 17 (vii) and Theorem 17 (viii), the following results hold up. Theorem 18: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x),>|x , X } and B = {< x, :B(x), <B (x),>|x , X }be intuitionsitic fuzzy sets of a B-algebra X such that A×B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy Balgebra of X ×X. Then: C C If :A(x) # :B(0) v:B(0) and <A(x) # <B(0)w<B(0) for all x , X, then A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X. If :B(x) # :A(0) v:B(0) and wfor all x , X, then B is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X. Definition 4: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x),>|x , X } , IFS(X). A intuitionsitic fuzzy relation: R= { ( x, y), µ ( x, y),ν R R ( x, y) x, y ∈ X } on X is called a strongest intuitionsitic fuzzy relation on A if: µ A × B (( x1 , x2 ) * ( y1 , y2 )) ≥ µ A × B (IFB3) (( x , x ) ∧ µ 1 2 A × B ( y1 , y2 )) :B(x ,y) = :A(x)v:A(y) and <R(x, y) = <A(x)w<A(y) = [ µ A ( x1 ) ∧ µ B ( x 2 )] ∧ [ µ A ( y1 ) ∧ µ B ( y 2 )] for all x, y , X. If we take x1 = y2 = 0, then Proposition 19: For a given intuitionsitic fuzzy set A = {< x, :A(x), <A(x),>|x , X } of a B-algebra X, let R be a :B(x2* y2) = :A×B (0, x2* y2) strongest intuitionsitic fuzzy relation on A . If R is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X × X , then :A(x) $ :A(0) and <A(x) $ <A(0) for all x , X. $[ :A(0)v:B(x2)]v[ :A(0)v:B(y2)] = :B (x2)v:B(y2) This proves that :B is a fuzzy B-algebra of X. Now we consider the case :A(y) # :A(0) for all x , X. Suppose that :B(y) > :A(0) for some y , X. Then :A(0) < :B(y) # :B(0). Since :A(x) # :A (0) for all x , X , we have :B(0) > :A(x). for all x , X. Hence :A×B(x,0) = :A(x)v:B(0) = :A(x). Taking x2 , y2 = 0 in (IFB3), then: Proof: Since R is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra, we have :R(x, x) # :R(0,0) and <R (x ,x) $ <R (0,0) for all x , X, that is, v and <A(x) v<A(x) $ <A(0 w<A(0) . So :A(x) # :A(0) and <A(x) $ <A (0) for all x , X. Theorem 20: Let A = {< x, :A(x), <A (x),>|x , X } Let be a intuitionsitic fuzzy set of B-algebra X and: R= :A×B(x1*y1) = :A×B (x1*y1, 0) :A×B ((x1,0)*( y1,0)) { ( x, y), µ ( x, y),ν R R ( x, y) x, y ∈ X } strongest intuitionsitic fuzzy relation on A. Then A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X if and only if R is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X × X. ≥ [ µ A ( x1 ) ∧ µ B (0)] ∧ [ µ A ( y1 ) ∧ µ B (0)] = µ A ( x1 ) ∧ µ A ( y1 )) Therefore :A is a fuzzy B-algebra of X. (viii) is by similar method to part (vii) and the proof is completed. Proof: Assume that A is a intuitionsitic fuzzy B-algebra of X. Then: 4204 µ R (( x1 , x2 ) * ( y1 , y2 )) = µ R ( x1 * y1, x2 * y2 ) Res. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol., 4(21): 4200-4205, 2012 = µ A ( x1 * y1 ) ∧ µ A ( x 2 * y 2 ) ≥ [ µ A ( x1 ) ∧ µ A ( y1 )] ∧ [ µ A ( x 2 ) ∧ µ A ( y 2 )] = [ µ A ( x1 ) ∧ µ A ( x 2 )] ∧ [ µ A ( y1 ) ∧ µ A ( y 2 )] = µ R ( x1 , x 2 ) ∧ µ R ( y1 , y 2 ) for all (x1, x2), (y1, y2) , X × X. 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