“ITU-T Standardization and other key ITU Activities”
Havana, Cuba 8 - 9 February 2011.
“Decrease the impact of the development of the TIC in the
Climatic Change.”
Eng. Luis Enrique Conde del Oso.
luis.conde@etecsa.cu
Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011
•Introduction.
The increment of the services of Telecommunications implies new
energy requirements, that which the impact increases on the
climate change.
In this work it is shown the strategic studies of novel energy
technologies that are sought to introduce in ETECSA in near future
to decrease this environmental impact with an increment of the
services and an important economic saving.
In carried out studies it is observed that of the total electric
consumption of a telecommunications center, 50% is consumed by
the system of cooling of air, for what to find methods that can
diminish this consumption without affecting the technical
characteristics of the technological equipment, will bear to an
important economic contribution.
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•Electric Energy consumption in Telecommunications Centers.
Assisted places 25° C.
No assisted places 24° C.
Source: VPDT. ETECSA
Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011
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As example this consumption is observed that in the year 2010,
1140 GWh wasted away in the equipment of the National
Backbone, in Telecom Italy, of which 570 GWh was devoted to
the cooling of the air, and in illumination systems of rooms .
• Different
Source: Telecom Italia
actions to decrease the energy consumption in
Telecommunications Centers.
- Increase the temperature of the technological rooms, according
to the acceptable technical thresholds for the correct operation of
the equipment of telecommunications.
- To use alternative technologies for the cooling of the air of the
room, decreasing the times of use of the air conditioning
equipments
- To use systems of illumination that have a high efficiency,
decreasing the electric consumption for this activity.
- To avoid the employment of multiple energy transformations,
CD-AC and employment of alternative energy systems.
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•Increase the temperature of the technological rooms.
The interval of ambient temperature in the one that, according
to the standard ETSI IN 300 019-1-3, it can operate the
equipments they are represented in the diagram, Figures 1. In
the diagram three areas are shown, green, rose and blue that
represents the values of temperature and humidity to which the
equipments should be able to operate.
Source: Telecom Italia
Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011
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• Free Cooling System.
Source: Telecom Italia
When an air conditioning system is to the service of the
technological systems or industrial processes that operate during
the whole year, and therefore also with low external temperatures,
it is energetically very comfortable of using the systems designed to
take advantage of these conditions: typical solution is a device of
Free Cooling.
In general the Free Cooling (natural refrigeration) it is a cooling
system that uses the only difference of temperature with the
external atmosphere: the external air is used to low temperature
like source of cooling energy in alternative or like complement of
the traditional one.
They are systems that simply force the flow of external air so that it
enters in contact with the parts that it is necessary to cool without
the necessity of the traditional systems of air conditioning.
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• Free Direct Cooling and Free Indirect Cooling.
Free Direct Cooling in the case of use of external air to cool the
atmosphere to sufficiently low temperatures to guarantee the
room conditions that are wanted: when growing of the internal
temperature the superior limit of the temperatures useful exterior
of the free cooling increases.
Free Indirect Cooling uses the external air to cool or pre cooling
completely the refrigerated water of the hydraulic system before
this its enters in the evaporator, to make a partial or total cooling.
Commutation 31 -34° C.
Data 28° C.
Source: Telecom Italia
Source: Telecom Italia
Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011
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•Modality of the Direct Free Cooling.
Source: Telecom Italia
•Free Cooling with circulation of the internal air.
If the external temperature is inferior to the 10-12° C it is not
possible to use the cold air of the exterior directly. For what the
partial recirculation of the air of the room is used mixed with the
external air.
•Free Cooling Total.
It is when the temperature of the external air is of for if alone able
to give the refrigerating capacity required to obtain the maximum
temperature that requires the equipment of telecommunications at
least.
•Free Cooling Parcial.
when the temperature of the external air is at least 2°C a mixture of
the internal air can be used with the external air with the objective
of obtaining a temperature that doesn't overcome a threshold given
by the norm. ETSI IN 300 019-1-3.
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• Adiabatic Free Cooling.
By means of the spray of water the exchange of heat takes place
this way with the external air and its humidity is increased and at
the same time decrease of its temperature.
The adiabatic humidification brings
the advantage of decrease the
quantity of air exchanged for oneself
value of ∆T.
Source: Telecom Italia
Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011
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•Punctual refrigeration with tubes Vortex. (-46 °C - 127 °C ).
Used in rooms of data like emergency refrigeration or like
refrigeration located in racks for the administration of hot points.
Compressed air
Valve of Control
Cold air
Requirement of availability of
compressed air. The cost of the
tube Vortex is of around 250€
Hot air
Camera of vortex formation
Source: EXAIR
• Characteristic.
- Without waste, absence of parts in movement
- Slight and compact, it doesn't require maintenance.
- Resistant to the oil, to the water and the humidity.
- It requires readiness of compressed air.
- It requires silencer.
- Control of the cold air by means of the valve.
Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011
Source: Telecom Italia
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• LED Technology
The LED (acronym of Light Emitting Diode) it is the device that
exploits the optic ownerships of some material semiconductors to
produce light.
The LEDs in these years have spread in all the applications in which
it serves:
-
raised reliability
long duration
raised efficiency
low consumption
Source: Telecom Italia
Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011
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• Energetic saving:
To parity of illumination, with the technology LED has been had an
energetic saving since 50 to 80%.
• Quality of the light:
The light sent forth by the lamps to the sodium and yellow, not
correspondent to the peak of the sensibility dell human eye: the
colors are not faithfully reproduced and therefore necessary more
light to guarantee a sure vision.
The LEDs send forth cold white light, that allows to reach a sure
illumination for the consumers of the road instead, (it lowers the
times of reaction to the unforeseen event), with smaller energy
consumption.
Havana, Cuba, 8-9 February 2011
Source: Telecom Italia
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• Conclusions
The optimization of the use of the air conditioning
systems in the TIC, agreement to the norm ETSI IN
300 019-1-3, will have a strong repercussion in the
energy saving at world level and therefore its effect
about the climatic change.
The realization of experimental tests and the valuation
of the climatic data in each place are the base of the
success of the application of the Free Cooling system.
The introduction of other energy alternatives as the
photovoltaic is also of great interest for the radio bases
of the mobile service.
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