Design Qualities
Institutionen för datavetenskap
1
First Some Definitions
2
•
Design Values
Values that stakeholders have that guide
prioritization and selection.
•
Design Qualities
Characteristics of the design solution, in
interaction design often referred to as
experiential qualities or use-qualities. E.g.
Togetherness, Surprise, Confusion, Flow,
Effectiveness, Transparency.
•
Design Quality
An overall value judgement of a stakeholder in
relation to an object, accompanied by an
affective response and an assessment of level
of quality or value.
•
» Only by clarifying the relationship between
an artefact and the person who is going to
use it, it is possible for me to form an
understanding for the value of the artefact. »
• Paulsson & Paulsson 1957
SEEING AND PERSPECTIVES
4
Apprehension and
Appreciation of Qualities
•
5
Seeing is not only individual and subjective,
but also socially and materially constituted
(Schutz, Goodwin)
6
•
In the object
•
In the senses of the experiencing subject
•
From the use of/interaction with the object
•
From the interaction with others through the
object
Rationale 1
•
7
An awareness of different perspectives on
interaction design productions allows:
•
Teachers to show students different aspects of a
product or service
•
Creatives to change perspective on their
production and by that think through different
aspects
•
Critics to change perspective on interaction
design productions and by that give insightful
critique
•
Project managers to staff projects and map
competencies
Rationale 2
8
•
Perspectives on quality are assumptions that
act as frames of reference, which can hinder
people from taking advantage of available
opportunities
•
Alternative reasoning provides a basis for
reflection, which is a starting point for learning
•
Critical reflection can make you stop taking
your assumptions as objective truth
Professional vision
•
9
Professional vision is constructed and
challenged by people in a community as they
apply the following practices on an object of
scrutiny:
•
Coding schemes
•
Highlighting strategies
•
Production and articulation of material
representations
DESIGN QUALITY
FRAMEWORKS
11
Design Quality in
Architecture
•
•
12
Vitruvius:
•
strength (firmatatis)
•
utility (utalitatis)
•
grace (venustasis)
Design Quality Indicator:
•
build quality
•
function
•
impact
Design Quality in Industrial
Design
•
Paulsson &
Paulsson:
•
•
Practical
Product Language
(Gros; Warell &
Nåbo)
•
Social
•
•
Aesthetical
•
13
Practical
•
Transforming
•
Structural
•
Usability
Product language
•
Formal aesthetic
•
Semantic
•
Indicating
•
Symbol
•
Krippendorff’s Design
Semantics
Meaning of artifacts in use:
identities, qualities, orientation, location, affordances, motivations,
states, dispositions & logic, redundancies
14
•
Meaning of artifacts in language:
user identities, signs of social differentiation and intergration, content
of communication, material support for social relationships
•
Meaning in the lives of artifacts: All stakeholders in the productionconsumption cyckle, designer’s skill in creating patterns and models,
designer’s skill in convincing others, addressing the network,
comprehensibility, resource availability, costs and benefits,
adaptability, and entropy and pollution.
•
Meaning in an ecology of artifacts: Competition, cultural
complexes, autopoesis.
Design Quality in Interaction
Design
•
•
15
Löwgren & Stolterman:
•
Structure
•
Functional
•
Ethics
•
Aesthetical
Dahlbom & Mathiassen:
•
Functionality
•
Aesthetics
•
Symbolism
•
Ethics
•
Politics
Synthesis:
The Interaction Design Quality
Prism
Technical
Practical
Communicational
Organizational
Aesthetic
Ethical
Arvola (2010 a)
16
Activity Theory
18
Technical Perspective
19
Practical Perspective
20
Communicational
Perspective
21
Organizational Perspective
22
Aesthetic Perspective
23
Ethical Perspective
24
Lessons Learned
from Testing the IxDQ Framework in Practice
25
•
The framework can be used to facilitate a
clarified view of interaction design qualities
you have designed for and not designed for
•
They need to be articulated in close
cooperation with users.
•
Qualities, like Togetherness, Surprise,
Confusion, Flow, Effectiveness, or
Transparency, are multi-dimensional and the
perspectives are sensitizing concepts rather
than categories.
Arvola, Karsvall &
Tholander (2011)
How Interaction Designers Defined
Design Qualities to Design for
26
•
Top-Down
Pre-established, but not yet understood,
values like correctness, efficient organisation,
and openness were concretized from general
conceptions and the design brief.
•
Bottom-Up
The meaning of pre-established values were
also explored in relation to the specific design
situation.
•
Mixed approach
Top-down preconceived values and qualities
met the bottom-up conversation between
designers and clients.
How Practicing
Interaction Designers
Think of Design Quality
Arvola (2010 b
27
28
29
30
31
32
WORK IN PROGRESS
THE INTERACTION
DESIGN QUALITY
INDICATOR
33
34
www.liu.se
35