A case study on the assessment of environmental impact of ICT services in Korea Hyosik Min Environmental Strategy Manager CSR Office SK Telecom May 2012 Contents I. SK Telecom Overview II. Background and introduction III. Approach and methodology IV. A case study: Real-time Navigation (RTN) V. ICT GHG potential abatement in Korea VI. Introduction to Further Study 1 Section 1 SK Telecom Overview SK Telecom Overview SK Telecom is the leading telecommunication company in Korea and has launched a lot of innovative services Cutting edge Tech. and Servces ’84 ’96 AMPS CDMA CDMA 2000 1X ’02 EVDO ’06 HSDPA TD-SCDMA Test-bed HSUPA ‘11 LTE World’s Most Innovative Companies Ranked 91st One of two Telco companies selected (April 2005) Real Time Navigation e-Commerce Together Movie & With Video ShareholdersMusic Game WiMax ’07 Award & Recognition Mobile Money OnlinePortal Mobile Portal Mobile SNS Cloud Service Winner of “National Customer Satisfaction Index” 1st Place for 14 consecutive years (October 2011) “Best Asia Telecom Carrier” Awarded two consecutive years (Telecom Asia & IDC, April 2007) DJSI world Sector leader in Mobile Telecommunications Telecommunication Market in Korea Korea has fast growing mobile communication market and SK Telecom has continued its sustainable growth Mobile subscriber Selected key figures of SK Telecom (As of Dec. 2011) Revenue Operating gain Net income EBITDA Number of subscribers Market Share $ 13,783M $ 1,837M $ 1,363M $ 3,895M 26.6 million 50.6% SK Telecom’s Environmental Management Strategy SK Telecom established companywide strategy for environmental management to actively respond to environmental issues Response to Climate Change Reduction of Social GHG Emissions(SE) Establishment of an Eco-Friendly Corporate Culture Comply with all demestic requlations related to GHG reductions Recognize the effects of the country’s GHG reductions through ICT Stabilize the company’s environmental management system and reach a consensus among employees Section 2 Background and Introduction Background Importance of ICT toward GHG emission abatement has been studied globally Gartner report, 2007 “ ICT Industry is responsible for 2% of global carbon emissions ” GeSI: <SMART 2020>, 2008 “ Identified global emissions abatements in 2020 is five times of its own footprint ” 7 Introduction “A study on social GHG abatement by the use of ICT” The purpose of the study was to; Demonstrate the potential GHG abatement of “Green by ICT” solutions in Korea between 2011 and 2020. The scope of the study included; Role of ICT in climate change mitigation in national level; Contribution of ICT services to abate GHG emission; Development of methodology to calculate GHG emission abatement; and Quantification of potential GHG abatement in Korea. 8 Section 3 Approach and methodology Approach: ITU-T L.1410 Part 2 According to Part 2, we have applied Gap Analysis between Reference Product System and Target ICT service. First Order Effects The impacts created by the physical existence of ICT and the involved processes Second Order Effects The impacts created by the use of ICT service. This effects include the immediate abatement or increase in GHG emission after adopting ICT services Other Effects As ‘rebound effects’, the impacts created by the aggregated effects that consider time gained for end-user phase as well Reference Product System (Baseline scenario) • Energy • Fuel Transport Target ICT service (Project scenario) • Energy • Fuel GHG (CO2e) Transport Less GHG (CO2e) ICT service Comparisons between the systems on the basis of achieving the same functional units 10 Approach: ITU-T L.1410 Part 2 We have applied quantification formulas by categories and secondary effects based on Part 2. Sector Categories Quantification Movement of people Energy abatement = Unit energy consumption for each type of fuel × Fuel consumption r educed Movement of goods Energy abatement = Unit energy consumption for each type of fuel × Fuel consumption reduced Improved efficiency of office space Energy abatement = Unit energy consumption × Amount reduced Power consumption & Energy consumption Energy abatement = Unit energy consumption for each type of fuel × Fuel consumption reduced Storage of goods Energy abatement = Unit energy consumption × Amount reduced Improved work efficiency Energy abatement = Energy consumption per m2 × Area used per person (m2) × Workload improved (person-year) Consumption of goods Energy abatement = Energy consumption to produce one unit of the product × Amount reduced Waste Energy abatement = Unit energy consumption for each type of waste × Amount reduced Transport Buildings Industry 11 Scope Boundary: Analyzed 14 ICT services 3 selection criteria 1. Current offering from ICT industry players 3. Government’s ICT strategy and plans 2. Global Benchmarking 14 ICT services for analysis Transportation 1. Real-time Navigation (RTN) 2. Bus Information System (BIS) Buildings Commerce 7. Home Energy Management System (HEMS) 4. Telepresence 9. e-Commerce 10. e-Government 11. e-Municipality 3. e-Logistics 12. e-Health 8. Smart Grid 5. e-Learning 13. e-Publication 6. Smart Work 12 Production 14.Smart Motor Methodology: 6 Steps of workflow 1 Identify the functional unit and expected second order effects 2 Define scope and boundary 3 Develop two different scenarios for comparative analysis 4 Estimate second order effects and GHG emission abatement 5 Project GHG emission abatement by year 2020 6 Aggregate GHG emission abatement 13 Section 4 A case study: Real-time Navigation Real-time Navigation (RTN) 1t 2 3 4 5 6 1 Identify the functional unit and effects Definition: A GPS-based service that provides real-time information of optimal routes and traffic condition to the destination. Functional unit: Movement of people from A to B in certain conditions such as time and cost. Types of Effects Positive effects First Order Effects Second Order Effects As driving time and distance decreases, fuel consumption decreases Other Effects As life span of vehicles increases, production for vehicles decreases Negative effects Impact on GHG emission As usage of RTN increase, production and network usage for RTN increases (+) Increase (-) Decrease As users’ spare time increases, energy consumption from other industry increases 15 (+) and (-) Ambiguous Real-time Navigation (RTN) t1 2 3 4 5 6 2 Define scope and boundary Boundary for transport Boundary for population/consumer Applicable vehicles for installing RTN Possible consumers for using RTN Non-business cars, vans, trucks and business cars (assumed as taxis) The LBS users among mobile internet service subscribers No. of vehicles that are able to install RTN (assumed that every possible consumer possesses his own vehicle) 9,280,405 vehicles Average annual travel distance per vehicle* 14,987km Mobile internet service subscribers** % of internet service subscribers using LBS service** 19.3% People who are able to use RTN 9,280,405 people * 2008, Korea Transportation Safety Authority ** 2010, Korea Internet & Security Agency 16 48,085,000 subscribers Real-time Navigation (RTN) t1 2 3 4 5 6 3 Develop two different scenarios Reference product system (baseline) ICT service (project) Impacts on travel distance and fuel consumption while “possible consumers” don’t use RTN Impacts on travel distance and fuel consumption while “possible consumers” install and use RTN No. of vehicles that are able to install RTN 9,280,405 drivers (or vehicles) Average annual travel distance per vehicle 14,987km Total distance travelled before adopting RTN % of travel distance navigated by RTN* 16% % of fuel reduced** 8.7% Travel distance reduction after adopting RTN 139billion km * <T-map user statistics>, SK telecom ** <Nissan SKY Project> , Nissan Motor 17 2billion km Real-time Navigation (RTN) t1 2 3 4 5 4 Estimate the GHG abatement in base year By adopting ITU-T quantification category “Movement of people”, reduced travel time in 2011 after implementing RTN is; Reduced distance by RTN 2 billion km Actual Average Mileage 8.32km/l Fuel saved by the reduced distance travelled 239,886.66kl Emission factor of fuel 2.47 tCO2e/l Emission abatement by RTN in base year 592,520 tCO2e 18 6 Real-time Navigation (RTN) t1 2 3 4 5 6 5 Project the GHG abatement by 2020 Considering about, Potential GHG abatement by RTN by 2020 (unit: tCO2e) RTN service users Travel distance navigated by RTN` 2011 2020 4,000,000 16% 70% 3,500,000 3.5 million tCO2e in 2020 3,000,000 The number of usage per user 2,500,000 Internet service subscribers using LBS service 2011 2020 19.3% 90% 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 Growth in automobile industry 500,000 CAGR Growth rate of car registered - 3.28% 19 CAGR 22% Section 5 Potential domestic GHG abatement Conclusion Potential GHG abatements by adopting ICT services is expected to be more than 5 times of its direct footprint. 2011 610 2020 BAU 793 Potential GHG abatements of ICT services is 5.8 times of ICT’s direct footprint. Expected GHG abatement of each ICT services in 2020. 20 100,000,000 10,000,000 1,000,000 100,000 10,000 1,000 100 10 1 118.4 Abatements 695 Total emissions ICT direct footprint Abatements 14.57% Abatement potential (Units: tCO2e) Financial value via ICT services in 2020 is expected to be about USD 72 billion in terms of energy savings. 21 Implication The significance of the study was; The first case study which fully applied ITU-T L.1410 Recommendation: and The first study on assessing GHG abatements by the use of ICT in Korea (of Republic). The limitation of the study was; Absence of LCA approach for first order effect. The recommendation for further study is; Prioritization of 14 ICT services in terms of possibility of standardization; Applying LCA approach for first order effect; and Planning for developing CDM methodology. 22 Section 6 Introduction to further study Introduction of Phase II The scope and work streams of phase II : Work Stream 1 Work Stream 2 Work Stream 3 Work Stream 4 Discover target ICT services by prioritization Supplement target ICT services Cooperate with major global organizations Recommend utilizing GHG abatement via ICT Possibility for global standardization Corresponding to ICT services of SK telecom Potential GHG abatement 2 target ICT services based on prioritization Supplementing with qualitative and quantitative methods (e.g. user surveys, experiments) Analyzing direct impact with LCA approach Contributing a case study and submethodology to ITU-T Collaborating with global organizations of standardization/ telecommunication companies Promoting global standardization of Green by ICT Enhancement of the limitation in phase I 24 Suggesting development of CDM for ICT services overseas Suggesting utilizing GHG abatement under domestic GHG abatement plans Reviewing the ways to approve GHG abatement Thank you Hyosik Min +82-2-6100-2253 hmin@sk.com 25