C
SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
The Rapid-Sampling
Vertical Profiler
Test Cruise, July 1982
"FRONTS 82"
by
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Priscilla A. Newberger
Herve H. Dannelongue
Douglas R. Caldwell
Thomas M. Dillon
Stephen D. Wilcox
James L. Cantey
Reference 83-9
May 1983
I
The Rapid-Sampling Vertical Profiler
Test Cruise July 1982
Priscilla A. Newberger
Herve H. Dannelongue
Douglas R. Caldwell
Thomas M. Dillon
Stephen D. Wilcox
James L. Cantey
School of Oceanography
Oregon State University
Corvallis OR 97331
Page
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Introduction . . . . .
I I . Cruise report . . . .
III. FRONTS 82 data plots
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a) Temperature, salinity and density profiles
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b) Plots of isotherms vs depth
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d) Cable and terminations
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e ) Winch
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f) Onboard analog electronics
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IV. The RAPID SAMPLING VERTICAL PROFILER
a) Electronics
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b) Sensors . . . . . . .
c) Probe mechanical design
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V. The analog to digital system
a) Hardware . . . . . . . . .
b) The data acquisition program . .
VI. Processing the data . . . . . . .
VII. Equipment and software performance
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c) Probe mechanical design
d) Cable and termination .
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e) Winch
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a) Electronics
b) Sensors
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f) Onboard analog electronics
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g) Analog to digital system
VIII. References . . . . . . .
371
373
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Assistance with this cruise was provided by Michael Brown and David
Strehlow. Funding for the development of the RSVP , for our
participation in this cruise, and for the preparation of this report
has been furnished by the Oceanic Processes Division of the National
Aeronautical and Space Administration. We especially thank W.
Stanley Wilson for his encouragement.
I. Introduction
In this report we describe a preliminary version of a
temperature/conductivity profiler that combines the
calibration accuracy of a CTD with the vertical resolution
of a microstructure instrument and the ease of deployment of
an XBT. We also describe the results of a test of this
version on a month-long cruise from Honolulu to 42 N and
back in July 1982. This instrument system, which we call the
Rapid-Sampling Vertical Profiler, has two versions. One uses
a Neil Brown conductivity transducer and a fast-tip
thermistor as sensors, and has a vertical resolution of 3 cm
in salinity and temperature. The other has a micro-scale
conductivity sensor, with a fast-tip thermistor. It has a
resolution of less than one millimeter in conductivity,'but
only 3 cm in the thermistor signal so that density
information can still only be acquired on the 3-cm scale.
The system used for this test and described in this
document is only a trial version, definitely not the final
version which is under construction in 1983. We will issue a
report in 1984 which will describe the final version and the
results of a test of it to be conducted as part of the
"Mildex" experiment in October/November 1983.
The probe is designed to be deployed from a ship moving at
speeds to 8 knots, but on this cruise considerations
involved with the other instruments in use kept the ship's
speed at 4.2 knots. The other instruments were the Towed
Thermistor/Conductivity Chain (Clayton Paulson, Oregon State
University) and an Acoustic Doppler Log (Lloyd Regier,
Scripps Institution of Oceanography). The RSVP has been
designed to complement these instruments in producing a
3-dimensional picture of the temperature, salinity, density
and shear fields in the upper ocean, and especially the
spatial distributions of the gradients of these fields. The
same suite of instruments will be used in the "MILDEX"
experiment and in the "TROPIC HEAT" cruises of 1984 and
1986.
2
II. Cruise report
The FRONTS 82 cruise lasted for 23 days from 4 July 1982 to
25 July 1982. During this period the towed thermistor/
conductivity chain (Clayton Paulson, OSU) and the acoustic
doppler log (Lloyd Regier, SIO) were kept in operation
around the clock, but the RSVP was deployed only between
lunch and sunset (7 hours a day), mostly because we were
allotted only three berths. During the cruise the weather was
nice to fair with winds of 0 - 2 knots and swell 0 - 5 feet.
II-1) were tried in order
to determine the effect of design variation and possible
Five versions of the RSVP (Table
interaction among elements. The temperature-measurement
system was the same for all units as was the conductivity
circuitry. Each of
these measurement systems is discussed in
detail in section IV of this report.
In addition to the vertically profiling RSVP, a similar unit
equipped with a microconductivity sensor was modified to
attach to Paulson's towed chain. It was hoped that the
extremely fast response time of this sensor would enable us
to calculate horizontal towed spectra of the temperature
fluctuations. The unit did not work due to electronic and
connector difficulties, but the technique shows great
promise and will be used again.
The RSVP units were deployed during 14 seven hour working
periods. A profile was recorded every 6 minutes, so that
about 65 profiles were recorded each day for a total of 890
profiles. This includes 662 profiles with Neil Brown
conductivity sensor units and 228 with the Michael Head
microconductivity sensor (Table 11-2).
At the
beginning of each working period (and more frequently
if there was any question of the conductivity signal
drifting), a file was recorded with the instrument in a
bucket on deck and a water sample was taken to be analysed
on shore. Additional surface water samples were taken every
two hours throughout the cruise. Thus we are able to monitor
any changes in conductivity calibration.
3
Table II-1. Description of RSVP units
-------------------------------------------------------------------Unit #
1
2
3
4
5
6
CHAIN
-----------------------------------------------------------------9V
POWER
DC/DC
DC/DC
#2
# 3
9V
DC/DC
DC/DC
#3
#1
--------- -------------------------------------------------------BATTERY
PRESSURE
BATTERY
FM
FM
DC
DC
DC
#3
#7
# 10
# 20
# 20
CHAIN
TEMPERATURE
MODULE
# 12
# 13
# 14
# 15
# 15
# 16
SENSOR
FP07
FP07
FP07
FP07
# 73
FP07
# 75
FP14
# 72
FROM
------------------------------------------------------------------
# 77
REPLACED
# 75
# 143
FP14
# 147
-----------------------------------------------------------------CONDUCTIVITY
MODULE
#2
#5
SENSOR
NBIS
NBIS
# 479
# 844
#4
#6
#6
#3
NBIS
MICRO
MICRO
MICRO
# 743
#6
#6
#3
REPLACED
MICRO
#1
-----------------------------------------------------------------VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
#
10
# 11
# 12
# 17
# 17
# 15
REPLACED
# 12
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit # 5 was used for one day only to test microconductivity
powered by a dc/dc converter. Unit # 3 was not used after July 18.
4
Table 11-2. RSVP cast summary
Number of casts
----------------------------------------------------------------DATE
START
END
UNIT
UNIT
UNIT
UNIT
UNIT
LOCAL
LATITUDE
LATITUDE
# 4
# 5
# 3
# 1
# 2
----------------------------------------------------------------27 08' N
27 14' N
2
5
----------------------------------------------------------------7
MOORING
----------------------------------------------------------------8
28 20'
28 44' N
52
----------------------------------------------------------------6
N
9
30 02' N
30 36' N
60
----------------------------------------------------------------10
31 57' N
32 23' N
41
15
-----------------------------------------------------------------
48' N
34 23' N
11
33
12
35 51' N
36 19'
13
37 42' N
38 13' N
N
59
68
73
----------------------------------------------------------------14
39 35'
N
40 05' N
71
----------------------------------------------------------------15
41 30' N
41 59' N
44
25
----------------------------------------------------------------16
42 45' N
42 26' N
11
58
----------------------------------------------------------------17
MOORING
----------------------------------------------------------------18
39 38' N
SURVEY
41
12
----------------------------------------------------------------19
38 09' N
37 43' N
60
----------------------------------------------------------------20
36 13' N
35 39' N
71
----------------------------------------------------------------21
34 01' N
33 41' N
41
----------------------------------------------------------------22
32 18' N
31 44' N
69
----------------------------------------------------------------23
30 21' N
30 15' N
13
-------------------------------------------------------------------
6
III. FRONTS 82 data plots
a) Temperature, salinity and density profiles
The data collected were divided into sequences of
consecutive profiles, one sequence per day unless there was
an extended period with no data taken. There are a total of
19 sequences. An average sequence consists of 60 profiles.
As a rule, profiles are 6 minutes apart. The data were
processed as described in section VI. Twenty centimeter
averages are plotted.
For each sequence, two series of plots are presented:
left-hand
versus depth (in
On the
page, temperature (in degrees Celsius)
meters). Profiles separated by 6 minutes
in
time are offset 3 degrees Celsius. If a profile is missing,
consecutive profiles are 12 minutes apart in time, and
correspondingly separated by 6 degrees Celsius on the plot.
If there
is a 12 minute gap at the end of a page within a
sequence, the first profile on the next page is offset by 3
degrees.
page, a plot of 5 variables versus depth
for a chosen profile of the left hand page. The 3-lines in
On the right hand
the main panel are temperature (T, in degrees Celsius),.
salinity (S, in parts per
thousands) and density (unmarked,
in grams per centimeter cubed). The mark plot in the main
panel is the Brunt-Vaisala frequency, or buoyancy
frequency (in cyles per hour). This frequency is computed
from the potential density on a length scale of 2 meters.
The right-hand panel shows the arc tangent of the stability
ratio versus depth. The stability ratio (Turner,1973) is the
most important external parameter indicating the relative
strength of double-diffusive processes. Ruddick(1981)
suggests that the (four quadrant) arc tangent of this
quantity is a practical indicator of whether these processes
can be important in a region. For values between minus PI/4
and zero double diffusion can occur. The water column is
stable for values between zero and PI/2 while salt fingering
may occur for values between PI/2 and 3PI/4. This parameter
is computed over a 2 meter scale.
The profiles are identified by tape name and tape file
number. The tape name is a string of 8 characteres, 6 for
the GMT date, one for the tape identification (A,B,C...),
and one for the instrument type (N for NBIS conductivity
sensor, M for microconductivity). For the left page, the
tape name(s) is printed above the plot, and the file number
is printed at the top of each profile. Location, wind and
time of the sequence are shown at the bottom of the plot.
7
Following is a list of some of the profiles in which the
problems discussed in section VII can be observed:
-failing conductivity data line (1OJLA file 7, 10JLB file 1,
1OJLB file 10, 1OJLC file 1).
-broken wire in winch connector
(11JLC file 9).
-x 5 on-board gain was too great for the temperature range
observed at the southern stations so that the temperature
profiles are not on scale to the end of the drop (sequences
6, 18).
In addition the data from units 2 and 3 tend to be noisier
because of the voltage regulator oscillation associated with
the dc/dc power.
For unit 4 (microconductivity), right hand page plots have
been replaced by blank pages when the conductivity signal
was unreliable (sequences 6, 11) and all sequences after the
microconductivity sensor was replaced (Table 11-2, section
VII).
9JL82AN
0.
100.
150.
200.
10.
5.
30.
15.
35.
45.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
SEQUENCE 1
START
TIME
LOCATION.
Profi)e spacing
00:13
28°20'N
800m
PAGE 1
GMT
07/09/82
151 °40'W
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
100°
Ship's heading
0°
09JLA FILE 05
11
RRCWN (R)
200
.5
a
'
10.
T °C
32.
S °/O0
20.
1S.
25. -TT
34.
36.
1.025
1.028
I
L. 022 DENSITY
1
1
0.
BV CPH
15.
1
30.
TT
9JL92AN
,
9JL92BN
0.
50.
100.
150.
I
200.
.
i0.
5.
11
I
/. A
15.
20.
SEQUENCE 1
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
01:09 GMT
28°29-N
800m
/i
-
I
/1
25.
/30.
1
11
lI
35
L
i
151 °40-W
I
40.
111
45.
I
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 2
07/09/82
1
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ship's heading
6. m/s
1000
00
09JLA FILE 15
13
ARCTAN (R)
,
ops
I
ti
40
I I
6.
AN
r
ON
e a
1
w
120
S
160
%
0
200"
10.
T °C
I
32.
25.-1T
I
S °/°0
1.022 DENSITY
I
0.
20.
15.
BV CPH
34.
36.
1.025
1.028
1
1
15.
30.
n
9JL92BN
0.
5o.
100.
i50.
111
200.
10.
5.
SEQUENCE 1
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
30.
15.
07/09/82
28°30-N
151 °40-W
45.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 3
02:03 GMT
800m
35.
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
1000
Ships heading
0°
09JLB FILE 07
15
ARCTAN
(R)
! !
f
r
40
80
!
120
ti
160
1
200
10.
32.
f
T °C
20.
15.
S °ioo
34.
25 .-TT
36.
r
1.022 DENSITY
I
0.
BV CPH
1.025
1.028
I
I
15.
30.
1
1
Tt
9JL82BN
,
9JL82CN
35.
SEQUENCE 1
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:58 GMT
28°35'N
800m
151 °40'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
07/09/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ship's heading
6. m/s
1000
00
09JLC FILE 01
17
ARCTAN
(R)
f
40
f
f f
.
120
160
200
10.
T °C
S °/00
1.022 DENSITY
0.
25.-IT
I
I
32.
20.
15.
BV CPH
34.
36.
1.025
1.028
15.
30.
ri
9JL82CN
200.
10.
5.
15.
20.
SEQUENCE 1
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:53 GMT
28°35-N
Boom
5.
30.
35.
151 °40-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
07/09/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ships heading
6. m/s
1000
00
09JLC FILE 10
19
ARCTAN (R)
r
r1
s
r
r r
s
r
200
10.
32.
T °C
15.
S °/pp
1.022 DENSITY
25.-IT
34.
36.
1.025
1.028
I
1
0.
20.
BV CPH
15.
30.
0.
9JLe2CN
0.
T--T --- T--1
,
9JLe2DN
TI I
i
n
T
II
1
50.
100
150.
200.
5.
10.
15.
20.
SEQUENCE 1
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
04:49 GMT
28°40'N
800m
4-
.
30.
35.
151 °40'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 6
07/09/82
45.
40.
WIND
6. m/s
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ship's heading
00
1000
09JLD FILE 02
21
ARCTAN (R)
,
40
i
80
It
s
120
160
200 L-W-m
10.
T °C
20.
15.
1
32.
S °/pp
1.022 DENSITY
I
0.
25. -IT
1
34.
36.
1.025
1.028
I
BV CPH
15.
30.
0.
TT
9JL82EN
50.
100.
150.
I,
200.
10.
15.
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
22:24 GMT
30°03-N
800m
J
20.
SEQUENCE 2
START
i
I
t
IJ
25.
i/
I
30.
35.
151046-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
07/09/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ship's heading
2. m/s
1000
00
09JLE FILE 05
23
ARCTAN
(R)
!
'
I
40
I
IT
32.
S °/pp
1.022 DENSITY
0.
BV CPH
34.
36.
1.025
1.028
15.
30.
9JL82EN ,9JLe2FN ,1OJLB2AN
0
50.
i00.
150.
200.
10.
5.
15.
20.
SEQUENCE 2
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
23:19 GMT
30°07N
800m
25.
30.
35.
151 °46-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 2
07/09/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
2. m/s
DIRECTION
100°
Ships heading
0°
10JLA FILE 01
25
ARCTAN (R)
40
a
120
160
200 40
10.
T °C
I
32.
20.
15.
I
S °io
34.
1
36.
1
1
1.022 DENSITY
1.025
1.028
1
1
0.
25.-IT
BV CPH
15.
30.
0.
n
10JL82AN
0.
N
c1
50.
100.
150.
I
200.
I
1
1
I
I
1
I/
i0.
5.
1
I
1/
1
I
15.
I/ I
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
00:14 GMT
30°11-N
800m
11 I
20..
SEQUENCE 2
START'
1
1
It
I
25.
1
1 /1
I
30.
I
11
1
1
11
35.
I
I
/1
I
1
151 °47-W
1
1
1
1
45.
40.
1
1
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 3
07/10/82
1
WIND
SPEED
2. m/s
DIRECTION
100°
Ship's heading
00
1OJLA FILE 07
ARCTAN
(R)
27
r
40
120
160
r
200
10.
32.
T °C
15.
S °io,
1.022 DENSITY
20.
25 . -TT
34.
36.
1.025
1.028
15.
30.
L
0.
BV CPH
0.
TT
iPJL82AN ,1PJL82BN
SEQUENCE 2
START
TIME
01:09 GMT
LOCATION
30015-N
Profile spacing
800m
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
07/10/82
151045-W
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ships heading
2. m/s
1000
00
10JLB FILE 01
ARCTAN (R)
nn
29
qF'
r
r
25.-1T
32.
S 0/pp
34.
36.
I
1. 022 DENSITY
0.
BV CPH
1.025
1.028
15.
30.
0.
1OJL82BN
l l l
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:10
GMT
30°19N
800m
30.
35.
07/10/82
151045'W
45.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
SEQUENCE 2
START
25.
20.
15.
WIND
SPEED
2. m/s
DIRECTION
1000
Ships heading
0°
IOJLB FILE 1 1
31
ARCTAN (R)
nn
T CZ
czp--
40
80
120
160
200
10.
T °C
32.
S °/pp
20.
1S.
34.
25 .-TT
36.
I
1.022 DENSITY
1.025
1.028
is.
30.
l
0.
BV CPH
TT
1OJLB2CN
0.
I
T--T---F--l
T
r--F---T -T
T
T
r1
m
II
I
I
I
I
I
T-7- r-1
i
1--F--T--T
50.
100.
150.
200.
10.
5.
i5.
20.
SEQUENCE 2
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:05 GMT
30°23--N
BOOM,
25.
30.
35.
151 °45-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 6
07/10/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
2. m/s
DIRECTION
1000
Ships heading
00
33
1OJLC FILE 01
ARCTAN (R)
.,
40
ti
ti
120
160
200
10.
T °C
32.
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
04:07 GMT
30°27-N
800m
25.
30.
35.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
07/10/82
45.
WIND
SPEED
151 °45-W
Ships heading
0. m/s
1OJLC FILE 07
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22:35
GMT
31 °55-N
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07/10/82
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PAGE 1
SEQUENCE 4
START
I
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
280°
Ships heading
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23:30 GMT
31 °59-N
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1
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START
1
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1
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PAGE 2
07/10/82
1
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
2800
Ships heading
0°
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39
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
00:24 GMT
32°03-N
800rn
25.
30.
35.
I
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i
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PAGE 3
07/11/82
1
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
280°
Ship's heading
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41
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
01:18 GMT
32°07'N
800m ,
25.
30.
35.
40.
151 °44-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
07/11/82
45.
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ships heading
6. m/s
2800
00
11JLA FILE 15
43
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:14 GMT
32011'N
800m
25.
30.
35.
151044'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
07/11/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
280°
Ships heading
00
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:48 GMT
32°17N
800m
40.
151 °45-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
07/11/82
45.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
2500
Ships heading
0°
11JLC FILE 05
47
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
04:43 GMT
32021-N
800m
151 °46-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 2
07/11/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
2500
Ships heading
0°
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
00:06 GMT
33°57'N
800m
TEMPERATURE (°C)
PAGE 1
07/12/82
151 °50-W
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
2500
Ships heading
0°
51
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SEQUENCE 6
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
01:01 GMT
34°01-N
900m
TEMPERATURE (°C)
PAGE 2
07/12/82
151 °50-W
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ships heading
6. rn/s
2500
00
53
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START
TIME
LOCATION
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02:00 GMT
34°05-N
900tH
TEMPERATURE (°C)
PAGE 3
07/12/82
151 °50-W
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
250°
Ship's heading
0°
55
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SEQUENCE 6
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:54 GMT
34°091N
900M
PAGE 4
07/12/82
151 °50-W
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
2500
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00
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TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:48 GMT
34°13-N
900m-
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
07/12/82
151050-W
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
2500
Ships heading
00
59
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0
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200.
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START
TIME
LOCATION
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22:54 GIFT
35°534N
900m
25.
30.
35.
151°52-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
07/12/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
2800
Ships heading
0°
61
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START
TIME
LOCATION
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00:00 GMT
35°57N
900m
1
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PAGE 2
07/13/82
.
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
280°
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0°
13JLA FILE 05
63
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START
TIME
LOCATION
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01:06 GUT
36°01-N
900m,
1
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1
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PAGE 3
07/13/82
1
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ship's heading
6. m/s
2800
00
13JLB FILE 02
65
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:12 GIFT
36°05-N
900m
25.
30.
35.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
07/13/82
151 °49-W
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
2800
Ships heading
0°
13JLB FILE 12
67
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:12 GMT
36009-N
900m.
25.
11
1
1
111
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1
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151 °49-W
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TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
07/13/82
1
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
280°
Ships heading
0°
13JLC
FILE 07
69
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
04:13 GMT
36013'N
900m
40.
25.
TEMPERATURE
PAGE 6
07/13/82
151 °49-W
45.
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
2800
Ship's heading
00
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13JLD FILE 02
71
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
05:19 GMT
36017'N
900m
,
I
25..
30.
35.
40.
PAGE 7
07/13/82
151 °48-W
WIND
I
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50.
45.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
2800
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73
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
P5.
15.
22:35 GMT
37°43-N
900m
30.
35.
151049'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
07/13/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ships heading
9. m/s
3400
0°
13JLE FILE 06
75
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SEQUENCE 08
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
23:42 GMT
37048N
900M
25.
30.
35.
151 °49-W
I
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40.
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45.
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PAGE 2
07/13/82
I
WIND
SPEED
9. m/s
DIRECTION
3400
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0°
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SEQUENCE 08
START
TIME
o0o.48 GMT
37°52,'N
LOCATION,
Profile spacing
9O0rn
25.
40.
30.
151 °49'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 3
07/14/82
45.
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ships heading
9. rn/s
3400
00
14JLB FILE 01
79
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spocing
oZ. oo GMT
37°561N
900m
PAGE 4
07/14/82
151 °49'W
45.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
WIND
SPEED
9. m/s
DIRECTION
3400
Ships heading
0°
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81
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SEQUENCE 08
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:06 GUT
38°oO-N
900rn
25.
30.
35.
40.
151 °49,,W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
07/14/82
45.
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ship's heading
9. m/s
3400
00
14JLC FILE 06
83
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nn
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(R)
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40
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120
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160
200
5.
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TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
04.:43 GMT
38°o4.N
900m
I
20.
SEQUENCE 08
START
1I
I
1
11
1
1
25.
11
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i
30.
1
1
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35.
1
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1
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151°49-W
I
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45.
40.
I
I
1
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50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE :6
07/11/82
1
WIND
SPEED
9. m/s
DIRECTION
3400
Ships heading
00
14JLD
FILE 02
85
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30.
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10.
5.
15.
SEQUENCE 08
START
TIME
LOCATION.
Profile spacing
05:119 GMT
38°06"'N
900m
20.
25.
30.
35.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 7
07/14/82
45.
40.
WIND
151 °49-W
Ship,
SPEED
9. m/s
DIRECTION
3400
heading
00
14JLD FILE 10
87
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4
40
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160
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1
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10.
15.
SEQUENCE 9
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
22:46
39°36'N
800m
20.
25.
11
a0.
r.
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1
35.
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.
07/14/82
1,510521W
I
I
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45.
40.
I
I
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °°C)
PAGE 1
GMT
l
111
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
340°
Ships heading
00
14JLE FILE 06
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00:00
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PAGE 2
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1
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01:07
40°06'N
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PAGE 3
GMT
1
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START
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02:06
40°10'N
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:12
40014'N
800rn
20.
25.
30.
35.
07/15/82
151 °52'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
GMT
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
3400
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
04:19
40°18-N
800m
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 6
GMT
07/15/82
151°53-W
50.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
340°
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00
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START
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LOCATION
Profile spacing
05:25
40°22N
800m
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PAGE 7
GMT
I
WIND
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PAGE 1
SEQUENCE 10
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
22:42
41030-M
800m
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
GMT
07/15/82
151 °59'W
WIND
SPEED
3. m/s
DIRECTION
0400
Ship's heading
00
103
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
23:54
41 °34'N
800m
25.
20.
30.
35.
07/15/82
152°00'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 2
GMT
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
3. m/s
DIRECTION
0400
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00
105
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01:06
41041,'N
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40.
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07/16/82
152°00'W
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TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 3
SEQUENCE 10
START
I
WIND
SPEED
3. rn/s
DIRECTION
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0°
107
16JLB FILE 04
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PAGE 4
SEQUENCE 10
START
1/
I
WIND
SPEED
3. m/s
DIRECTION
0400
Ship's heading
00
16JLB FILE 17
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109
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03:42
41052-N
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SEQUENCE 10
START
1
i
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30.
1
I
I
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40.
45.
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35.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
GMT
07/16/82
152°00'W
50.
WIND
SPEED
3. m/s
DIRECTION
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04:54
41 °57'N
800m
I
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I
1
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1
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07/16/82
152°00'W
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1
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I
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1
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 6
SEQUENCE 10
START
1
WIND
SPEED
3. m/s
DIRECTION
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00
18JLD FILE 03
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22:36
42°45'N
Boom,
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
SEQUENCE 11
GMT
07/16/82
WIND
SPEED
0. m/s
152°01-W
Ship's heading
0°
115
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23:48
42°49'N
800m
GMT
07/16/82
(71
..
TEMPERATURE ( 0C)
PAGE 2
SEQUENCE 11
START
40
WIND
SPEED
0. m/s
152°01'W
Ship's heading
00
117
i 7TL_R11`fM
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PAGE 3
SEQUENCE 11
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
01:00
42°44'N
800m
GMT
07/17/82
WIND
SPEED
0. m/s
152°02'W
Ship's heading
1900
119
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girl
SEQUENCE 11
START
TIME
LOCATION
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02:12
42°39-N
800m
,
`
07/17/82
..J'_I
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
GMT
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SPEED
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152°02-W
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190°
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121
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22
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PAGE 5
SEQUENCE 11
START
TIME
LOCATION
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03:24
42°34'N
800m
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GMT
07/17/82
WIND
SPEED
0. m/s
152°02-W
Ship's heading
1900
123
17JL82DN
0
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100.
150.
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25.
10.
SEQUENCE 12
START
TIME
LOCATION.
Profile spacing
04:42
42°30'N
800m
30.
35.
40.
07/17/82
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
GMT
45.
WIND
SPEED
0. m/s
152°04'W
Ship's heading
1900
17JLD FILE 06
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125
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23:00
39°35'N
900m,
25.
20.
SEQUENCE 13
START
I
I
30.
II
.
I
35.
II
.
I
.r
07/18/82
152°34-W
I
I
I.
i
45.
40.
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50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
GMT
I
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
030°
18JLG FILE 06
127
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(R)
0
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10.
15.
SEQUENCE 13
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
00:06
39°36'N
900m
20.
25.
30.
35.
152°31'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 2
GMT 07/19/82
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
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19JLA FILE 06
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129
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01:12
39°37-N
900m
30.
35.
40.
GMT
07/19/82
152°33'W
45.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 3
SEQUENCE 13
START
25.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
030°
19JLB FILE 02
131
ARCTAN
(R)
0
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START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:18
39°35-N
900m,
25.
30.
35.
40.
07/19/82
152°35-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
GMT
45.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
0300
133
19JLB FILE 11
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04:15
39°36'N
900m
1
1' 1
25.
1
1
11
30.
1
1'1
I
35.
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1
I
I
GMT
07/19/82
152°34-W
1
1
I
I
I
45.
40.
1
I
1
I
50.
TEMPERATURE (°C)
PAGE 1
SEQUENCE 14
START
111
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
030°
Ship's heading
1900
135
19JL92DN
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0.
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11/11/11
15.
SEQUENCE 15
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
23:12
38°08'N
900m
11111h
25.
20.
I
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I
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30.
I
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152°02-W
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45.
40.
I
I
I
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
GMT 07/19/82
I
WIND
SPEED
7. m/s
DIRECTION
070°
Ship's heading
1900
19JLD FILE 08
137
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100.
150.
200.
35.
SEQUENCE 15
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
00:00
38°03'N
900m
07/20/82
153°05'W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 2
GMT
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
7. m/s
DIRECTION
070°
Ship's heading
190.°
139
20JLA FILE 05
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1
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START
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LOCATION
37°58'N
Profile spacing
'900m,
30.
35.
40.
GMT
07/20/82
153°06'W
45.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 3
15
TIME
25.
_
WIND
SPEED
7. m/s
DIRECTION
070°
Ship's heading
190°
141
20JLA FILE 15
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0
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40
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02:00
37°53'N
900m
GMT
07/20/82
153°07-W
45.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
SEQUENCE 15
START
40.
WIND
SPEED
7. m/s
DIRECTION
070°
Ship's heading
1900
143
20JLB FILE 11
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nn
(R)
SF
40
80
120
160
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s
200
5.
32,
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1.025
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17
20JL82CN
0.
50.
100.
150.
200.
10.
5.
15.
20.
TIME
03:00
LOCATION
37°48'N
Profile spacing
900m
30.
35.
GMT
07/20/82
153°07'W
45.
40.
50.
-TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
SEQUENCE 15
START
25.
WIND
SPEED
7. m/s
DIRECTION
070°
Ship's heading
190°
2OJLC FILE 06
145
ARCTAN
z
0
41
1
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40
80
120
160
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1
1.025
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is.
30.
(R)
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200.
5.
10.
20.
15.
SEQUENCE 15
START
TIME
04:00
LOCATION. 37°43-N
Profile spacing
900m
25.
30.
35.
07/20/82
153008-W
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 6
GMT
45.
40.
WIND
SPEED
7. m/s
DIRECTION
070°
.
Ship's heading
1900
20JLC FILE 13
147
(R)
ARCTAN
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S
0
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m
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I
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1
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1
1
II
10.
1
1
15.
20.
TIME
LOCATION.
Profile spacing
22:30
36°09-N
900m
30.
35.
GMT
07/20/82
153°35-W
45.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
SEQUENCE 16
START
25.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
055°
Ships heading
2000
2Z,; -D FILE 06
ARCTAN (R)
Sp
22
r
m
u
m
IN
I
25 AT
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32.
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36.
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149
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a
0
Il
A
11
5
T
50.
100.
150.
200. ''1
5.
20.
10.
SEQUENCE 16
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
23:30
36°06'N
900m
PAGE
GMT
30.
25.
07/20/82
153038-W
35.
45.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
2,
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
055°
Ship's heading
2000
151
20 LD FILE 15
ARCTAN
SF
DD
0
(R)
IN
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40
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90
120
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5.
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20.
TIME
00:30
LOCATION
36°03'N
Profile spacing
900m
30.
35.
GMT
07/21/82
153039-W
45.
40.
TEMPERATURE (
PAGE 3
SEQUENCE 16
START
25.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
0554
Ship's heading
2000
50.
°C)
21 JLA
FILE 10
153
ARCTAN (R)
Dn
0
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to
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120
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30.
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21JL82BN
45.
40.
PAGE 4
SEQUENCE 16
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
01:30
35°59N
900m
TEMPERATURE
GMT
07/21/82
153°40-W
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
0550
Ship's heading
200°
50.
°C)
155
21JLB FILE 05
ARCTAN
(R)
SE
,on
N
40
80
0
to
120
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IN
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N
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160
of
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15.
LA
20.
SEQUENCE 16
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:30
35°54'N
900m.
I
25.
30.
11
I
1
I
J
I
1
35.
1 11
1
I
07/21/82
153°41 'W
1.
t
I
I
45.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
GMT
I
1
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
055°
Ship's heading
200°
21JLB FILE 15
ARCTAN
M
157
(R)
SE
N
w
Is
25 .-TT
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10.
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20.
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:30
35°49-N
900m
25.
30.
Il
I
I
if
I
35.
I
I
I
GMT
07/21/82
153041-W
1
1
I
I
I
1
I
45.
40.
TEMPERATURE (
PAGE 6
SEQUENCE 16
START
I
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ship's heading
5. m/s
055°
200°
50.
°C)
159
21JLC rTL.E 10
ARCTAN
(R)
SE
!fin
Im
w
m
w
w
m
w
w
IV
IN
w
25 .
--TT
t
32.
S °ic
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Z,
BV CFH
34,
1, 025
15,
36.
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0
0.
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10.
15.
20.
TIME
'LOCATION
Profile spacing
04:30
35°44'N
900m
30.
35.
GMT
07/21/82
153°42'W
45.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 7
SEQUENCE 16
START
25.
WIND
SPEED
5. m/s
DIRECTION
055°
Ship's heading
2000
21JLD FILE 08
ARCTAN
0
161
(R)
I
m
40
II
80
,
120
1.
180
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ti
200
5.
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10.
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10.
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1
1
J
1
15.
1
1
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
01:42
34°00'N
900m
1
1
1
I
1
1
25.
20.
SEQUENCE 17
START
1
1
11
1
1
30.
If
I
I
11
35.
1
1
I
I
I
07/22/82
154°12'W
I
I
I
I
45.
40.
I
I
I
I
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
GMT
I
WIND
SPEED
8. m/s
DIRECTION
050°
Ship's heading
1900
22JLA FILE OG
163
ARCTAN (R)
SF
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w
N
N
N
w
N
N
M
25 . -IT
I
I
32.
S O/
34,
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3
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,
22JL82BN
-T-T-,--1
0.
50.
100.
150.
200. u
5.
I
10.
15.
20.
SEQUENCE 17
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:36
33°55-N
900m.
I
I.
25.
If
I
30.
I
If
III
35.
i
I
I
I
07/22/82
154°13-W
I
I
I
40.
I
45.
i
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 2
GMT
I
WIND
SPEED
B. m/s
DIRECTION
050°
Ship's heading
1900
22JLA F TLE 14
ARCTAN (R)
0
IV
0
40
60
miff
120
160
200
10,
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.
1.
1
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15.
30.
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165
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,
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50.
100.
150.
200.
1
1
I
1
10.
5.
15.
TIME
03:30
LOCATION
33°50-N
Profile spacing
900m
30.
35.
GMT
07/22/82
154013W
45.
40.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 3
SEQUENCE 17
START
25.
20.
WIND
SPEED
8. m/s
DIRECTION
050°
Ship's heading
1900
22JLB FILE 10
ARCTAN
DO
0
167
(R)
SF
40
80
120
i60
200
10.
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15.
I
32.
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i
0.
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20,
25 . -TT
I
I
34.
36.
I
I
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4.028
I
1
15,
30.
TT
22JL82CN
0
50.
100.
150.
200.
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spocing
04:24
33045-N
900m
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
SEQUENCE 17
GMT
07/22/82
154° 14'W
WIND
SPEED
8. m/s
DIRECTION
0500
Ship's heading
1900
22JLC FILE OG
169
ARCTAN (R)
qF
9
IN
IN
w
w
0
w
Im
w
w
N
w
OF
0
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IV
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1
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I
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1
50.
100.
150.
200.
I
I
1
5.
I
1
11
1
1
10.
it
1
1
I
15.
I
I
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
05:18
33°40-N
900m
1
d
1
20.
I
1
1
I 1-i
25.
30.
LJ
I
35.
I
I
GMT
07/22/82
154°14-W
I
40.
I
I
1
I
45.
i
1
1
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 5
SEQUENCE 17
START
,
WIND
SPEED
8. m/s
DIRECTION
0500
Ship's heading
1900
22JLC FILE 12
171
ARCTAN (R)
rn
_F
r
0
x
w
w
0
w
w
N
40
tm
80
El
120
w
160
200
10.
T °C
20.
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1
32.
S
34.
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1
36.
f
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0.
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1.025
i . 028
15,
30 .
0.
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1, 1-1-1 _
17 r
I
.-
I
I
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
22:30
32°18'N
900m
GMT
07/22/82
154°44-W
1-.-1---.I -. I._ .1 ..1
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
SEQUENCE 18
START
-..1 __..I .- ._1--.1_
WIND
SPEED
9. m/s
DIRECTION
0600
Ship's heading
1900
22JLD FILE 05
173
ARCTAN
(R)
qp,
Jn
1
0
O
40
i
20
K
N
120
1B
I
160
200
I
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10.
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32.
S
20.
15.
0/00
34.
i
36.
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1.022 DENSITY
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25.-17
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30.
TT
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r t'
i,90
1 .5 0 .
)__i._._1-__1__-_L_i_>_l-i__._I__t___)___l___1_.J.
IJ
40..
_Jo
SEQUENCE 18
START
TIME
23:24
LOCATION
32°13'N
Profile spacing
900m
TEMPERATURE (°C)
PAGE 2
GMT
07/22/82
154°44-W
4i)*,
WIND
SPEED
9. m/s
DIRECTION
0600
Ships heading
1900
175
22JLD FILE 15
ARCTAN
(R)
m
0
as
a
0
ti
40
0
80
I
0
120
m
160
a
200
10.
32.
1
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S
15.
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0.
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20.
25,-Ti
34.
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1.025
1.028
i
I
15.
30.
0.
Tr
.-J__j
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
00:18
32°08-N
900m
GMT
07/23/82
154°46-W
1.__1 ._....I
-TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 3
SEQUENCE 18
START
j
J-1 --- A.- JJ.- A
WIND
SPEED
9. M/s
DIRECTION
0600
Ship's heading
190.0
177
23JLA FILE 08
ARCTAN
SE
nn
2
(R)
M
rl
m
2
.,
OF
i ti
I
32.
S 0/pp
I
I
34.
36.
1
I
1.022 DENSITY
1.025
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0.
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-r ,
r
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r
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r-- r--r- - r--T-- r--T- r r
T-
J---1- r- r- r
i
I
C
r
i 51
1I--j
A- -1 --1 --- d--_
.fir
SEQUENCE 18
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
01:12
32003'N
900m
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 4
GMT
07/23/82
154°47'W
WIND
SPEED
9. m/s
DIRECTION
0600
Ship's heading
1900
23JLB FILE 02
179
ARCTAN
(R)
SF
F)fl
IN
El
N
0
i
200
10.
T °C
I
32.
S °/00
25. -TT
I
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34.
36.
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1.022 DENSITY
0.
20.
15.
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1,025
1.028
15.
30,
0.
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TF r
4
lei,.
i.],
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
02:06
31058-N
900m
f
fJ
./t r
TEMPERATURE
PAGE 5
SEQUENCE 18
START
--t-- r-L _ r-- T
---r
T
1
1
?,
T -r1'T
GMT
07/23/82
154049'W
WIND
SPEED
DIRECTION
Ships heading
9. m/s
060°
190°
°C)
23JLB FILE 11
nn
0
181
(R)
ARC T AN
p.
0 if
N
m
N
N
40
N
N
80
0
c
120
I
160
z
1
91 im
200 1
10.
T °C
I
32,
S
°/00
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1.022 DENSITY
i
0.
20.
15.
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I
34.
36.
1.025
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1
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30.
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-
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r
r r -1-
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117 -.
--1--L_-J. _J..--L_-1 __- ------ _ _-i--_ .-1._-1-j-IL--1_1--11____L
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:06
31 °53-N
900M
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 6
SEQUENCE 18
START
---Al_l --j---IL--1--j,--- ,
GMT
07/23/82
154050-W
WIND
SPEED
9. rn/s
DIRECTION
060°
Shipos heading
1900
23JLC FILE 05
183
ARCTAN
(R)
M0
2
9
I
In
I
0
40
1
m
r
80
m
120
6
11;
160
I
1
m
200
10.
T °C
20.
1s.
I
32.
1
S
°/00
34,
1
1
1 .022 DENSITY
i
0.
0
BV CPH
1
,
025
25.-TT
1
36.
1
1.02e
t
I
15.
30.
0.
5
TT
..f I_...
r--- r-- r--r-
T
-1-- J .1 _J _J -J_J._
__T
1,
i1
SEQUENCE 18
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
03:54
31 °49-N
900m
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 7
GMT
07/23/82
154°51'W
C_1L1..
WIND
SPEED
9. m/s
DIRECTION
060°
Ships heading
190°
23JLC FILE 13
ARCTAN
185
(R)
40
OF
91
80
120
160
200
10.
T °C
15.
I
32.
S
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,
1.022 DENSITY
0.
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20.
25--17
I
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34.
36.
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1.025
1.028
15.
30.
0.
U.
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F
SEQUENCE 18
START
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
04:48
31 °45'N
900m
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 8
GMT
07/23/82
154°52'W
WIND
SPEED
9. M/s
DIRECTION
0600
Ships heading
1900
23JLD FILE 07
187
ARC T AN
(R)
SE
Dn
x
0 a
a
a
0
5 5 Y
11
N
i
0
25.-17
32.
S
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1
34.
36.
1
1
1.022 DENSITY
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0.
1
1.025
1
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15.
1
1.028
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30.
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23JL82EN
0
50.
100.
150.
200.
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25.
TIME
LOCATION
Profile spacing
22:24
30°21 1N
900rn
35.
i
1
1
I
GUT
07/23/82
155°14'W
I
40.
1
I
45.
50.
TEMPERATURE ( °C)
PAGE 1
SEQUENCE 19
START
30.
1
WIND
SPEED
6. m/s
DIRECTION
070°
Ship's heading
200°
189
23JLE FILE O8
ARCTAN (R)
1n
SE
I
32.
I
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S 0,,
34.
36.
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1.025
1.028
f
(
0.
DV CPH
i5.
30.
190
191
192
b) Plots of isotherms vs. depth
Two additional plots are presented for each sequence of
profiles. Each plot is a representation of isotherms for the
whole sequence. The spacing between isotherms is 0.25 or
0.50 degree Celsius, as indicated in the bottom right hand
corner of the plot.
The first
plot is two dimensional, depth (in meters, 50
versus profile number (10 profiles per
meters per inch
inch).
)
The second plot is a different representation of the same
information, and the scales along the axis are the same. The
"profile number" axis is directed 45 degrees below the
horizontal, and thus the profiles underlying the isotherms
are staggered and can be shown. The vertical axis is depth
(in meters), the horizontal axis is temperature (in degrees
Celsius, 5 degree Celsius per inch). This plot is not in
true perspective since distances are preserved along each
axis. This presentation has the advantage that distances
measured from the plot are proportional to the quantities
represented.
193
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1.
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20
40
3.9.
50.
60,
PROFILE #"
70
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21.5
1 0 0X ,
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L
T
Lrl
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T
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(W)
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203
temperature
L
Q)
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204
(N) HIdBQ
205
N
CD
U7
206
1-4
(W) HldG
207
temperature
Im
208
Q
Q
(W)
h1_d -- G
209
U
U
z
I
Ui
tri
CJ
Ito
210
I
I
1
I
:-y
(W)
HJd3
211
ZTe
tQ
(M)
DEPTH
213
214
b
u1
(W)
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215
216
a
(W)
Hld3G
217
kempercrture
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IL
218
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(W)
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z
220
ts
co
I
I
i-e
221
222
223
224
225
226
IV. The RAPID SAMPLING VERTICAL PROFILER
a) Electronics
The RSVP circuitry is mounted on a "motherboard" (Figures
IV-a-1 - IV-a-3) which makes it possible to remove or
replace individual modules easily. These modules may be
potted in epoxy resin to protect the electronics. Unpotted
modules were used successfully to depths of 240 m on the
FRONTS 82 cruise. In the form used, the motherboard provides
space for two dual thermistor modules or one dual thermistor
module and a signal isolation module, a conductivity module,
voltage regulator, pressure module and either batteries or a
DC/DC converter. All of the units on FRONTS 82 were
configured with one thermistor module, conductivity,
pressure and a module to provide isolation for the
conductivity signal (Figure IV-a-4).
Besides providing a backbone for the electronics of the
RSVP,
the motherboard provides
for the direction
of power
(Figure IV-a-5) and signal (Figure IV-a-6) through the unit.
Connectors at the top of the board provide an interface
between the probe electronics and the data link (Figure
IV-a-7, Table IV-a-1). Additional signals such as battery and
regulator voltage are brought out through these connectors.
These are used for onboard instrument
used with the data link.
check out
and are not
POWER:
Two methods of providing power to the units were used on
FRONTS 82. The first (that used in the past) is four 9 v
alkaline "transistor" batteries mounted within the
instrument case just in front of the motherboard (Figure
IV-a-8). These batteries work well under pressures as great
as 2000 PSI. They
will last for at least 10 hours of
continuous use at the temperatures of the subarctic oceans.
Since power to the unit is turned off whenever the data link
is
unplugged,
longer.
the time between
battery changes is much
The development of data link/retrieval line with 16 or more
conductors has made it possible to power the units with DC
power from the
surface.
With this improvement it has become
possible to use an instrument throughout a cruise without
opening it. In this mode a high isolation DC to DC converter
(Figure IV-a-9) replaces the batteries. This unit provides
two isolated DC power sources (Figures IV-a-10, IV-a-11),
one used to power the conductivity, the other the
temperature, pressure and signal isolation module.
227
In either mode the conductivity module is powered separately
to prevent interference between it and the other modules.
The temperature circuitry is supplied by a voltage regulator
module (Figures IV-a-12, IV-a-13). The conductivity uses
unregulated power.
TEMPERATURE:
The temperature circuit used in this instrument has been
discussed in detail (Caldwell and Dillon,1981). It is a
simple DC bridge (Figure IV-a-14) with the variation in
resistance of a thermistor used to measure temperature. Each
temperature module (Figure IV-a-15) comprises two identical
bridge circuits. On the FRONTS 82 cruise the module was used
in the redundant mode, one thermistor used with two
independent circuits. A jumper on the motherboard (Figure
IV-a-16) allows the selection of this mode or the use of two
thermistors. Redundant recording of the signal has been used
in the past to remove the incoherent noise, originating
primarily in the first stage operational amplifiers, from
the temperature signal. For FRONTS 82 one temperature
channel was contaminated by 60 cycle noise on board the ship
and this technique has not been used.
Details of the design requirements leading to the selection
of components are discussed by Caldwell and Dillon (1981).
Briefly, low-noise and low-drift OP-7 operational amplifiers
from Precision Monolithics and low-drift Vishay resistors
are used to keep electronic noise as low as possible.
CONDUCTIVITY:
The conductivity circuit (Figures IV-a-17, IV-a-18) of the
RSVP is identical with that discussed by Caldwell and Dillon
(1981). In principle this circuit is similar to others used
to drive four electrode conductivity cells in that a
feedback loop keeps the voltage across the receiver
electrodes constant, the driver electrodes supplying
whatever current is required. Additional requirements for
use in the RSVP include small size, low power consumption
and the ability to operate under pressures to at least 300
decibars and yet have small temperature sensitivity.
The cell is driven by a 3 kHz oscillator passing from
electrode A to electrode D (Figure IV-a-19). Direct current
is prevented from degrading the electrodes by capacitors in
series with each. After passing through electrode D. the
current is sensed by an operational amplifier in a currentsensing mode. The output of this current-to-voltage circuit
is rectified, amplified, and offset to yield a DC output
centered about zero in ocean waters. A voltage change of 0.2
volts corresponds roughly to a salinity change of 1 ppt or a
temperature change of 1 degree C.
228
The heart of this circuit is the feedback control loop. The
voltage across the receiver electrodes (B and C of Figure
IV-a-19) is
amplifier,
amplified by a high impedance differential
rectified and compared to a reference voltage.
The output of this rectifier-integrator controls the
amplitude of the oscillator through an FET current sink.
Thus the oscillator supplies whatever current is required to
maintain the amplified output of the receiver electrodes at
a level determined by the reference.
Component selection is discussed
Important
by Caldwell (1981).
considerations include avoidance of or
compensation for changes in components with temperature and
pressure. The capacitors used to protect the receiver
(C1 and C2) and the blocking capacitor C3 are
critical. Electrocube series 652A capacitors are used
wherever the value of capacitance is important. Low-drift
Vishay resistors must be used in the differential amplifier
and rectifier preceding the comparison of voltage level with
the reference. The diodes in the rectifier are a serious
source of temperature sensitivity. This effect is minimized
by the configuration and choice of component values.
Additionally the use of an identical rectifier in the output
circuit tends to balance this effect. Residual temperature
sensitivity is compensated for by a thermistor (Ti) mounted
on the circuit board. Op-7 operational amplifiers are used
wherever dc drifts are damaging, that is in the rectifiers
and output amplifiers. OP-12 operational amplifiers, also
electrodes
from Precision Monolithics are used otherwise as they
consume much less current.
PRESSURE:
Because the case is fluid filled and this fluid transmits
the pressure from the water outside, the pressure transducer
can be mounted directly on the circuit board. Two different
pressure circuits were used on the FRONTS 82 cruise. The
first (Figures IV-a-20, IV-a-22a) converts the voltage
output of the transducer to an oscillating output with
pressure. The frequency varies
from 500 Hz at atmospheric pressure to 1300 Hz at full
frequency dependent upon the
range. This signal is added to the thermistor signal in the
probe and is extracted from it again in the shipboard
system.
The frequency modulated system was required when the
limiting factor was the number of conductors in the data
link. The development of the new line with 16 or more
conductors has allowed us to test a DC pressure module
(Figures IV-a-21, IV-a-22b). This circuit amplifies the
pressure signal and transmits it to the surface on a
separate channel.
229
SIGNAL ISOLATION:
It is necessary to isolate the conductivity circuit
electronically from the other modules to prevent
contamination of the signal via a capacitive path from the
data link to the sensor. In addition to using isolated
power, the output of the conductivity module is isolated and
related to the signal common by a simple differential
amplifier circuit (Figures IV-a-23, IV-a-24).
230
PICTORIAL VIEW
RSVP
Gomm SOW
Figure IV-a-1.
Io)U
MB
e:-z.
--33 1
Pictorial view of the RS VP probe showing the
motherboard, potted modu les and the location
of sensors (dwg no. 82-2 1501).
'No'
2-21So1 A
mm I OTI
Avo
l
I
4
Figure IV-a-2.
Photographs of the open RSVP unit.
232
u-1
0
0
O
0
O
00
O
-U
00 . o
O
0
0
O
-o
O
O
O
O
O
0
o
0
o
o
6
0
O
o
0
0
0
g1a1WIiM
13.0 -MrKS
IS3 IRONS
DC/CCLrJ fOnM[C TAB
- - (36.0 CM)
ex a Cl?)
-al
20.3 I"C"S
(7/. B C11)
Oµ
0
OO
O
0
C B.N
T
SIDE B (Toe
NOTES :
h.
015 (ITEM 5).
SLIGHTLY BOUND CORNERS. P116 SH00TM ALL
BRILL. f PUCKS, .104 INCR D1A (BIT 037)n FOR RAIL
MOUNTING CM FIB.
3.
DRILL, 33 PULLS, .063 INC. !A("'
652) POW STAWD-
5.
OPT TERMINAL (1111 1) MOUNTIIO ON PMP.
DRILL. 53 PULES, .061 INCA CIA (BIT 946) QI SOCLIT
PIN (ITEI 5) 1100117ING on TWO.
MOUNT, RITIT AND SOLDER STANDOFF TERMINALS (no 4)
6.
MOUNT AND 90LDER SECRET PINS (ITEM 5) 35 PULLS,
7.
MOUNT AND SOLDER 5OCt6T PINS (IT121 5).18 P1.0603.
OR WD SIDE LABELED -A- (BOTTEM).
4.
6.
0.
11.
12.
5166 UStIJCD -B- ON WB. 33 PLACES.
L?
THIN TAILS OF 50CIET PINS (ITEM 5). TO WITHIN .090
MOWN? BATTERY S P= 82-21742,
ITEMS 12 AND 13.
R. MOON? CLINT 0357 (ITEM II) PER 82-24940.
IF SSLECTED7 MOUNT AND SOLDER DC/OC POWER 063?
(ITEM 10) PEE 2-21777.
CUT A DUAL SOCKET CONNECTOR PROM STRIP (ITEM 6).
AND SOLDER TO DC/OC OUTPUT COWLS RINGS. COAT GOLDEN
JOINTS WITH EPOXY (1TEM 7).
CUT A SINGLE SOCKET CONNECTOR FROM STRIP (ITEM B)
AND SOLDER TO or PRESSURE OUTPUT CARLE WIRE. COAT
SOLDER JOINT WITH EPOXY (19171 7).
501JMM WIRES FROM ISOLATION 60601.0 CREEK AND BUCK,
TO 110TIIER BOARD TERMINALS (5) AND 1T).
PAC OUTPUT AND JUMPER WIRES DOWN TO MOTHER BOARD
1IT1' DABS OF QUICK SET EPOXY (ITEM 7). BE CAREFUL
AROUND SOCKETS AND TERMINALS.
WIRE TABLE
al.
Ne.
1
2
2129
9-B.I. -it
D
27-
28'
DRTTER,1' CPCLE R`: P
NYr =IF'!'
STRIP C.Gw/ECTOI',
EP2XY, QU1CV, :.LT
CT
C
S0CkF7 PINS
50
- 29
25
26
16
37
I
2
1
STANDOFF TERMINALS
Pv06', BOTHER EC i 1'.D
CUT r'uT CHOLE WuINS.I)ZS)'
2-<,S1.3
_f_n
NT`- E
114221
S I . Ore..
T ' Ble06
MOTHERBOARD ASSY
ero
SDW 10162
Figure IV-a-3.
LEE
7D
y.1RE, TEtL')N INSUL
tl 20 Pv.'G
Ne.- 1R
A
#01 SICV+1
CLAMP ASSV
DC/ DC POWER LIN IT
2-21769
MOUNT NOSE ASSEMBLE (ITEM 1), ATTACH WIRES FROM
B05L ASST TO MOTHER BOARD.
MUTT AND 50IALR OUTPUT CABLE ROWING ASSEMBLE ITEM 2).
IE S511.63 DT "01111? AND SOLDER BATTERY CABLES (ITEM 9
IRK
UTTEPY CLIP.,
BATTERY, qV
71
02.2'7Y6
INCH OF WD. FILE SHOO H.
MOUNT ALL JUMFER WIRES PER HIRE LIST, ON SIDE D.
A.
13.
RE TIES
3
OR IYB SIDE LIBELED -B- (TOT).
C B%x. seo
Motherboard assembly diagram (dwg no. 82-21561).
82-2/561
T- I
sF
233
7
t3
rtM
DUDC
POWER 8V
28v
VOl.T.
BATT.
5 TT
RE6
=Sv
±RV
*qV
(Cons)
DC
PWR
PWR
COND.
C ON Lt
1
COND
RF 6.
CTErIPJ
MODULE
5v
/7777
SEA
wRTtR
T'CMP
GND
VOLT
("MR)
ISOLATION
DC PWR
MODULE
TEMP.
MODULE.
PRESSURE r
L
MODULE
I
Fr
L
IDc
I
NC
L'
1
2
3
S
6ND
DC/DC
OuT
CHECKOUT
Bcx
BLOCK DIAGRAM
RSVP OVERBOARD UNIT
SDw Io/81
8 Z_
WALE -
owaro.
82 -2/SO8
E11tT
+w eo owo me
Figure IV-a-4.
Block diagram of the RSVP overboard unit
no. 82-21508).
(dwg
1
of t
A
234
+T BoN.,.
DC
POWER
T GNP
(TV)
5
t7
I1
7 GnD
F
-r s.
-T 6.11+..
-v
WN OW -IN
vo 1-T
RE6.
v
fop
TEMP.
PRESSURE
Mf
I
.s,
4-1
I2},
+v
/3 >J
C 6ND
C OtD
14(CC0P)
POWER
R
-a
}'
Wks
-{v-----IYY
DC/
18
DC/DC
'9
POWER FLOW,
MCTMEReDARD WIRING
5Dw ro/91
0 e3-siseo
82-21.14
sms
savor asu.,..cs..uc.
® iisen
o..sso
Figure IV-a-5.
Motherboard power flow diagram (dwg no.
82-21514).
S1
OF 1
J 'A
235
ONTPuT
CO MroECT3XOWN M
T GND
T
SAID
CTcMP)
Dc
POWER
6 T Gn0
M
+T t"
VOLT
REG. -5-
-Tbal.
7 9to
r oND.-+
*5
TEMP.
IA
TEMP.
V `p/
1bt-t1O
'
2
TEMP,
/7 m
_ - 3. SPIN
1i>m wt1
+
2A
- '--.
2E
L! _ _ _ ZAC_wme
(COND.)
DC
C
AND
CG
+c s.tl.i
POWER
!
C GND
-C a.+
SIGNAL FLOW,
MOTHER BOARD WIRING
Figure IV-a-6.
Motherboard signal flow diagram (dwg no.
82-21513).
ar
3 I sol
*c NDl/CT1yITr
236
NOT(= : CONNECTOR , AM PHENOL (MALE) 222. - I I N 19
220 -831 -02-
SOCKET PIN
S-MAIN RELIEF 2Z2.-518
BACK SIDE
(WIRING SIDE)
PIN
I
FACE V1EW
OUTPUT CABLE WIRING ASSY.,
MOTHER BOARD
DRAWN SDW 10/82ISSUED
Figure IV-a-7.
SIZE FSCM NO.
A
SCALE
82.-2.1500
I
DWG. NO.
82.-21563
SHEET I OF- 2_
Output cable wiring assembly, motherboard (dwg
no. 82-21563).
237
lO TERMINAL POST
D WIRE HOLE
BACK OF SOCKET
i 6 TEMP. JUMPER
Oo SOCKET
0
4B
OO
0
O
®
Q®8 1
5
n
13
'0
%
®to 14
O
0,
.o
H
Ic
E
OO
SHORT CABLE
(+9V)
TERMINAL4k
RED WIRE -
9
BLACK WIRE -
5
RED WIRE BLACK WIRE I.
®
®
o®
o
(COND) DC POWER
TERMINAL*
LONG CABLE
(+9V)
SHORT CABLE
(-9 V)
0
IA
OA
(TEMP.) DC POWER
NOTE:
O
160
0
0
E
II
RED WIRE -
10
BLACK WIRE -
6
LONG CABLE
7
3
(-9
\ V)
RED WIRE -
8
BLACK WIRE -
4-
SEE 82.-21745, BATTERY CONNECTOR A55Y
FOR SHORT CABLE LONG CABLE DETAILS
BATTERY POWER WIRING,
TO MOTHER BOARD
DRAWN SDW IO/BL
ISSUED
Figure IV-a-8.
SIZE
A
FSCM NO.
$2-'2-1500
SCALE -
DWG. NO.
82.-2174.1
SHEET
Battery power wiring to motherboard (dwg no.
82-21741.
I OF I
REV.
A
Ik
i
t-
0
wN'
u h
a
cb
Hs
I
u a s
w
at
e
c-aV
o
lO.+I
913
-
ti
y1l`
L1J.
-444L
I
IL
1.
4
9
'
p c_ w
a u
a
Pkani
1.11wOW,
IIIIn:M1 IPlI
cJ
i
'ro
IlhnMI
ma
y.
ai..s
I
IMN
^I
cF
til'
et
i
cstat y
m it
I
^
I
--r
c 4s
I
1"
az
11
OF
11
a
tie
IT4
-C
Ilk
Figure IV-a-9.
Photographs of DC/DC converter mounted on
motherboard.
°t tt, a re
w ulw r ,ulyil
1I
"
w
239
R3--IC 2
Be 722
Al
INPUT
a6 v
20
1Nhilhkl t V
"RR-BROWN 722
Vj
0
IC 1
vr1oa
RECT.
402
FIOr
CM2
V+
RS
C2
33
Si'
-VA
20
B.zV
Z"1
10
E
SJ
OSC,
a
MC 781O5C6
Vs
DRIVER
+8 2Y
Ira
a
3
1
RECT cane
.6
MT.
R2
20
Cr.
z
V-
a
3
-&zy
(-'I. 3v -bl)
IC 't
LM 3209-5
Figure IV-a-10. DC/DC power unit schematic (dwg no. 82-21761).
a..
M, M ..gin
6
,'
te
mm icm 2
.'
4
5
7
6
10 11
12
13 14
hmualunnulununlnutudunmilnullmilnlunhluuuitluuuiuulunbNl6n!u!heaint16:uluafm
v
'Ic
I'FT2ITrr
I 111
I
13f
I
,rra
41
1em 2
4
5
7
8
10
i1
12
13
14
i.Iuulnnluuliiulll:l nuhmuulu!!nulununlunnninnludmi+iul:Itaiuuuneuuundmunuun:un:b
me,
Figure IV-a-11. Close-up of DC/DC converter module.
241
NEVIStON
Lift I
R1
R2
3t6K
IGOK
+V
Irywjr
DOTE
OESCRW11ON
I
PNOYIIL
laIii6I8I 16D'-'
14
NNr--
i-
esq. os±
I
+ S.Sv
1-1 1y.
]._
+5.1'I
o1 -r
*.IV
1rjrE-- .
i P,EF PART5 LIST 8 -2053/KI.V/i.
- C1
2.
L2J
+1.23v
IC2
-
3+%
+.Slv
1
0.1
,..
Of- ar lv .I'c,WF-P, PlrvP IS +V, 1"N y I- -V,
kl. :CTS C1u-r PUI V"L1 f1?F.
RE eIST01:
2N:2ZZA
(x) ICI.
R3
71LO22CP
ICL
100
9,*1 D
-,
T GND --<
R7
R11
100
look
>- T GND
rc2
03
OV
Ov S +-..``
fir,) )Cl
A12
2N210GA
-.33v
-g.4ty
lOOK
49
R9
tL C4
.l.
10
V.4y
RB
11tPuT
RIO
took
-V
- 1. 06,1
- S.1 V
)- OUT
Q4
2N Z2222A
t. lSv
Si NLr-I R T IC
VoLTRGE REGULATOR - TEMP.
SOW 6/Bo
SIZE
Sc. NO
SCL
Figure IV-a-12. Voltage regulator schematic (dwa no. RO-205(1).
ONO NO.
80-2030
L
El
36
3
Figure IV-a-13. Photograph of voltage regulator.
243
C1
REVISION
RA
yl2K
R3
took
+1.230
R+
100K
I.I K
{
C1
1
CISC.
.0:71
IN
LV
r-
'V'
ICS
A
16/26/8tl SD W
UPDATE
r
I!1-.I
NOTES'
ICI. `1
eowc v
A
QI zT
3.ov
1.
(JSTALL 7Vr1°FR WIRE. HOLE I TO HOLE 2.
2.
SLE PARTS LIST SO- 2043 /RE, h
3.
ALL
CAPS.
12'
0 TO3oc
0.2.V/'cLI.
±.37V
012 V/or
1N
DATE
DESCMWIMM
LTR
C4
n Ta wr_
RI I
I4-,k
1N
N12
look
R13
Ptry
12.1k
SK
----- ', Fit
L
IS
+5V,
S
AD30ST OFFSET pb'S UNTIL OD-TPUT
ISTERO VOLTS, WIIN SELECTED
TEMPERhTURE(RESESTANCE) AT INPUT.
L.
AD7U5T CAL PDIS uNT11 CJTVUT HAS
PROPEF V0t.TA6E STOP WITH TWO
SELEC7EO RESISTIVE INPUTS.
7
PRo6RAMMIN6 7UNPERS 1 AID2 ARE
C3001
-v- --A4
OP- A'MP POW6P - FIN 7
PIN U. l5 -6V.
.01
IC 1
+.60
RESISTOR VALuES INOMMS. ALL
IN MICRO FARADS .
CAL
H
LOCATED OHF MOTHEPBOARD SEE.
E
OL T
YFOTMEPSOARD A55Y DRAWIII6 92-115(-,Z
FOF DE`-{RIPTION.
IC4
18
IV
-- >--+Sv
CS
Io
SC 11E1.1FITIC
-
T 64D
TEMPERATURE CIRCUIT
IM...
SSVED
SPW
SizE TIC.. NO
060
5
SCKE -
owc
Figure IV-a-14. Temperature circuit schematic (dwg no. 80-2040).
60 - 2 0,f 0
S..EET
I
.F 1
.e+
244
'1
P>.-8 9113i A,i64f2
s
to THS
100 TUB
2 U17
._____
-J
t9 its.i
3
245
JUMPER I - REDUNDANT MODULE. OUTPUTS,
(WIRE, C-+A)
SINGLE THERMISTOR. USED
IN POSITION A, SEE SENSOR
WIRING 52. JUMPER Z - SEPARATE OUTPUTS,TWO
(wIRE,C-B) THERMISTORS REQUIRED
THERE ARE TWO TEMPERATURE MODULE
SOCKET AREAS ON THE MOTHER5OARD. WHEN
USING BOTH TEMP. MODULES, A SECOND JUMPER
MUST BE SELECTED FOR THE SECOND AREA.
Figure IV-a-16. Jumper selection of one or two thermistor mode
(dwg no. 82-21562).
246
C5
.001rS-'
FIT
REVISION
I'I:fk
3
R24
R2,-
F.kt
WE
'-kMa
REDRAWN, UPDATED
APPAwµ
101,21/e2-l
I
NOTES n
SELECT R24,RIS, R34 J111 IPER1
AND 7Ur1PEIr L putIN.TEST. SEE PSSY DAF+WING
74 - Son G.
2. OP-AMP POWER.- F'1N7 15 +VI
PINT IS -V.
'.
COND. Pov)CR 15 FULLY
ISOLATED FROM
TLMf-t Rr1uIP.L PO'
1P\,
SEE
POWs P, TLUVJ, MOTHERBOARD
DRpvJ18'IG 82-2151'4.
4.
EEC PART51-f51. 90-
/P..L.1 A.
RF515'rOP R37 SETS
O!.rTrNT CFFSE T.
1
COND.
SENSOR
COND.
.POWER
+v
?.- +v.8.ln+ 9.1.
(IIr4A)
ISOLATED
-v nl+d
CONDUCTIVITY
OUTPUT
OVT p 133.n StNS1Y.)
>-CGtr
oA*WN
(11 ,.Ut
IV-a-17.
CONDUCTIVITY CIRCUIT
-4.8v TO
T GND
Figure
S:01, T1aTIC
SOW 7 174
SRE f{CYIIC.
B
"Wo
Conductivity circuit schematic (dwg no.
79-5002).
owawo. -79- soon
sllEn
1
jr e1
pv
L1Z
n
lea
-9C '
4
s
w
C_
I
1
r
id
_
=
l
,.w
Z
)t,tEie.F?1.;ffrf#ik:'fQti3
,
248
H
AMPL.
OSC
CONTR.
J8C7
I-
IK
lN
Al
B
DIFF.
AMP.
RECT.
F
RI.
I
Cell
Ra
R16 X40.2 k
REF
R38
R39
R37
RECT.
OUT
J
CURRENT TO
VOLTAGE
Figure IV-a-19. Block diagram of the conductivity circuit.
249
RE VISION
pit
I/IIOY
.
I
A I UPDATE
R6
IO
RS
(+,1.8v ... n )
}-- T 5ND
took
look
+-5V TEMP. RE0UI. TCP
>_
t v CII V.
y- -SV TEMP REGULR1
t
+1%1
v
PRESS'JRE
SEN'iOR
I
F.
1C3
IC1
R7
.10.2k
FM
K
I
ZIC
-
0rA7
3
4 1I
+
I VOLT P-Y
C3
Soo- 1300 Hr
suUARE uIRVG
.001
At,
537K
IOK
7
:k
?- OUT
CL
C2
1
IC 2
-j
5F
R1
OFFSET
1_,
>-- T GNU
CAL
IJUTE S
1.
SELECT R1 PT PRE-CAL TEST, 500 ORIKOHM, FOR 500 Ht OUT AT SEA LEVLL.
^.
SELECT R3 AT PRE-CAL TEST, 1K TO 5k, FOR FULL RAIIGE GAL. (SOOTO 1300NL).
SCNEMw71C
3. OPRMP f'oWER,IC2,3, PIN 7 is +\/, FIN 4 IS -V.
II.
SEX PAPTS LIST
FM
So- 3033.
os.w. SOW
SIZE
7/80
13
seat
O
-
PRESSURE
KM MO.
Figure IV-a-20. Frequency modulated pressure circuit schematic
(dwg no. 80-2030).
MO 80-2030
theft
I
.r I
A
250
REVIS?ON
LTR
DESCRIPTION
DATE
APPROVAL
A
+5v
L
+Z.Sv
s
IC 3
I
CZ
.s
ADS80
a
PR Z' 55'j,R .
SEr;SC R
r---+f---i
F,2--
2k
;4
IK
7.C1
PSSu.^F
CAL
=
i
Iy
0 7o-1-v f. S.
O7C+120M(
IC
IC 1
2k
l
+Sv
R G.
?- T G-'\. D
O FF5 cT
-,5'v
C7
NOTE:...
1. SELECT RI rT PRE- C= _ TEST S_ .%n _
CHt-
2.
=ii, S
° =5 S L- I'. T -52
Univveersity
ISSUED
REC.
y. i!J
15
V.
-
E;Z PRESSURE
School of
Oceanography
DRAWN
TEI"(P
OUT RT SEF LEVE:.
`.'P-Amp POW=R, PIN 7 15 -V Plrl
Oe on
Tom.
SIZE FSCM NO.
i 14".
A
-
SCALE
DWG. NO.
-.-
SHEET
bISN(P 4RAP.ICS INC.
REORDER NO 20500
Figure IV-a-21. Direct current pressure circuit schematic (dwg
no. 82).
REV.
(p
A
I
.R
r111)11111!1111E1169
1.1311 4 t
2
USA
100 TNS
1
1
1
,
1
1
?
tt t? 6 7 6 0
3
I
23
l4
II
F'
I
I I J 041
10 TNS
100 TNS
.IJhII ,I IlhII,,
Ij
111I111,s+-1 11
PICKETT
USA
I-t 1111 ¢,1.14
?
I
Figure IV-a-22. Photographs of a) FM pressure module and
b) DC pressure module.
u
252
REVISION
LTR
DESCRIPTION
SE
DATE
I
IE;:`/5:I
N
F.,
APPROVAL
'Dt,
-}.
'-..TENT
_-
r;EC:t1-taTO:R
C-39
49
GNDC
T.
ISOL"fiTED-
ZLh: K
w RE
ouT PuT
2K
^Hk
C
-
SIGNAL O
TEMP
REV, _S`QR
UCTES;
M =,T
R3- F-4
rr-ND
TO 1,1H;INI _
2, T HI5 MCDU.S_
3c CHM5
P' G
INTO '=,
- :.
cN THE !"!GrL=
_= M PV
_U FC
SCCItET-
)C1
r1
OTY
REDO
CODE
IDENT
PART OR
IDENTIFYING NO.
NOMENCLATURE
OR DESCRIPTI0N
I
PARTS LIST
!:u on
Mate
University
^
b15-GP (PninICS M c
.YJ PFORDER NO 20500
School of
Oceanography
J50LRT )N :!RzJ
SIZE FSCM NO.
DRAWN
ISSUED
1.
DWG. NO.
CV')
SCALE
A
Figure IV-a-23. Signal isolation circuit schematic (dwg no.
).
82-
NOTE
SHEET
,,,,,,
1«s 2
3
a
Is
hlll!#1'Iu''
Figure IV-a-24. Photograph of signal isolation module.
254
b) Sensors
Except for the pressure transducer, which is mounted on the
pressure module circuit board, all RSVP transducers are
mounted in the nose cone at the front of the instrument
body.
THERMISTORS:
Thermistors used on FRONTS 82 were FASTIP THERMOPROBE, Model
no. FP07DA103N-A made by Thermometrics of
Edison, NJ (Figure
IV-b-1). These thermistors are made so that the temperature
sensitive bead lies in a 0.007" diameter protrusion which
sticks out perhaps 0.020" from the end of an at most 0.085"
diameter glass cylinder (Table IV-b-1). The variation of the
resistance of this thermistor with temperature is calibrated
at OSU using a minimum of 10 temperature calibration points
nominally distributed over the calibration range at 2 degree
intervals. Resistance vs temperature characteristics over a
narrow range are given by an exponential relationship
between resistance and the reciprocal of temperature (Table
IV-b-2).
The thermistor must be mounted in such a way as to prevent
salt water from reaching the leads and entering the probe.
Assembly of the thermistor unit must include installation of
an o-ring seal and insulating sleeves (Figure IV-b-2).
CONDUCTIVITY CELLS:
Two conductivity transducers were used
on FRONTS 82. The
is the Neil Brown Instrument System conductivity cell
(Figure IV-b-3). The response and flow characteristics of
this cell have been examined in detail (Gregg et al, 1982).
In our application this cell must have wires soldered to the
cell connector area and the solder joints encapsulated in
first
epoxy (Figure IV-b-4). The connections must be made in such
a way as to identify the pairs of electrodes, one inside and
one outside for each pair, so that the proper connections to
the electronics can be made (Figure IV-b-5). The sensor is
purchased from NBIS to meet these requirements. The sensor
is mounted to the probe with an o-ring seal.
The second transducer is the microconductivity cell
manufactured by Michael Head Systems (Figure IV-b-6). This
extremely small cell has separation
of approximately 0.005"
between electrodes and a total width of only 0.03". The
transducer as purchased is attached to a stainless steel
tube and is mounted on the nose cone with an o-ring seal
(Figure IV-b-7).
255
PRESSURE:
Kulite Model
PTQH-360-15OSG (250 PSI) pressure transducers
(Figure IV-b-8, Table IV-b-3) were used on the FRONTS 82
cruise. These were mounted directly on the pressure module
circuit board (see Figure IV-a-22). These sensors have an
output of approximately 100 mvolts per full scale rated
pressure and are used in both the frequency modulated and
direct current pressure modules. Since these are mounted
within the probe no special mounting is necessary. Care must
be taken however to remove the parylene-c insulation from
the pins before the unit is plugged in or soldered.
256
Table IV-b-1. Thermistor specifications
1.
FASTIP THERMOPROBE, model no. FP07DA103N-A
Thermometrics, Edison, NJ.
2.
1OK ohm +- 25%,
Resistance:
nominal
3.
4.
5.
29K at 0 °C
8K at 30 °C.
Dissipation
constant:
Maximum power:
Time constant:
0.25 mW/
°C, in still water.
0.006 watt.
5-10 mS, plunge test in water
to 63.2% change per
MIL-T-23648.
6.
Probe body material:
7.
Probe dimensions:
Glass, bora-silicate,
Corning 012.
nominal body
diameter
0.085" maximum diameter at
0.055-0.060"
tip
0.5" length.
8.
Leads:
0.012" diameter x7/8" minimum
9.
Bead material:
length, tinned dumet.
Type "A", per material
10.
11.
12.
Bead dimension:
system code MIL-T-23648.
Sensitivity:
Pressure test
specifications:
0.007".
see Table IV-b-2.
Thermistors must pass
salt water meg-ohm tests:
Minimum resistance 100 megohms, after 24 hour pressure
test at 500 PSI in 3% salt
13.
OSU
calibration:
water solution. This test is
conducted by Thermometrics.
Minimum of 10 temperature
points over the selected
temperature range. Ohmmeter
power loading approximately
0.000015 W at 15 °C.
14.
Thermometrics
calibration:
Single point calibration at
a selected temperature. Cost
is based on lot setup charge
and unit cost per each
calibration temperature point.
Calibration accuracy is
approximately 10 millidegrees.
Specification
reference:
Catalog No. 181-A.
Harold Broitman, Thermometrics, and
257
Table IV-b-2. Resistance vs temperature, narrow range calibration
R(T) = R(T0)
exp[ B x
[1/(273.15 + T) - 1/(273.15 + To)]
R(T) = resistance at temperature T,
T = the calibration temperature,
°= 25 °C for Thermometrics calibration
= 15 °C for middle of in house calibration.
B is approximately equal to 3420 (the mean over the
1982 units), typically, 3540+- 15%.
Example: Calculate
and 30 °C.
R(T) for
a typical thermistor at 0, 15
= 28.57 K ohm
R(15) = 14.89 K ohm
R(30) = 8.28 K ohm
R(0)
Table IV-b-3. Pressure sensor specifications
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Kulite, Model no. P QH-360-10OSG
(100 PSI)
(250 PSI)
PTQH-360-25OSG
PTQH-360-50OSG
(500 PSI)
(1000 PSI)
PTQH-360-1000SG
The PTQH-360-25OSG was used on FRONTS 82.
Special conditions:
a) Basic unit, without nulling and
compensation network.
b) Screen over the vent.
c) Coated with parylene-c insulation.
d) Sealed gauge pressure unit.
Input-output resistance - approximately 2000 ohms.
Full scale output - approximately 100 millivolts per
full scale rated pressure.
Zero balance +- 50 mV at 5V excitation.
Combined error (linearity & hysteresis) - not given.
Zero shift vs temperature - not given.
Sensitivity shift vs temperature - not given.
Maximum pressure - two times rated pressure.
Basic unit - 5 wire open bridge version.
Suggested operating temperature - 0 to 25 °C.
THS
THS
U.! It
11_1_
it.1
I1.1
Ii.i 3
1
Figure IV-b-1.
Photograph of unmounted thermistor.
259
MEVISION
6-7
ATE
OESL7DIf1DN
APPROVAL
_,A 1j
/c,/92
O
a. REP THEMISTOR SPECIFICATION, 62.21723.
9.
FOR ITEM 4, STRIP A .5 INCH LENGTH OF INSULATION FROM A #2.4 AWO INSULATED
HOOKUP WIRE.
L
10.
PRODUCT OFf
A.
THEtMOMETRICS, INC.
EDISON, N.J.
2K INCH--i
B.
PARKER
C.
ALPHA
,4S
7
NOTES:
1.
CUT LEADS TO .4 INCHS.
G
LEAVE PROTECTOR TUBE (ITEM S) IR POSITION OVER
S
A 19
PRoTEGTOR TUBE,TFT-200
2. INSTALL 0-RING, ITEM 2.
If
A 24
INSULRTING SLEEVE, PVC
3.
3
O28 A**
M 002
µ11%E, MAGNET
BEAD DURING ASS! AND STORAGE.
WIRE 24 INCHES, BMW INSULATION OFF END WITH MATCH (3 S60DNDS),
SCRAPE WITH EIACTO KNIFE TO BRIGHT COPPER, TIN END UP TO INSULATION,
COT TINNED PORTION TO .2 INCH LENGTH.
CUT MAGNET
4. TIN LEADS OF THEMISTOR APPROX. .25 INCH.
5.
SOLDER WIRE TO THEIIQSTOR LEAD.
6.
SLIDE INSULATING S.R.VE.S UP WINES AND OVER SDLDER JOINTS, (T13 PLACES).
7.
GREASE (ITEM 6) O-RING HEAVILY BEFORE INSTALLING FINISHED T®RNISTOR
ASSEMBLY IN CALIBRATION FIRITURE OR ROSWRE.
2
t CYO,
-
.wR O.
/0A
ME.ICU1ww,
-
HAKE VERY RAT OVEI.APPING JOINT WITS
SOLAR DOM PROTRUDING LESS THAN .010 INCH MAISMIM.
MOTE
PART! RJA
TFIERMISTOR ASSY
SDW Io/$
JMDY[D
[
MD.
2-z/soo
DwG. N0
WALE W/I
i.aeii woo .w.
Figure IV-b-2.
/08
O-EYING , 1.1179 I LE
IFP070RIOIN-A I THERMISTOR SENSOR
1
Thermistor assembly drawing (dwg no. 82-21721).
IOC
82-21721
IMEET
I
Tr 1
LID
4
4v`" "M""
-tee
,
r-E
261
REVISION
or><a.raM
U11
OATS
B UPDATE, POTTC D Alai A-
[
10/2&/82
WAS BO - 2011
n/s/N2
1.
EODtMECTOR AREA.
SOLOFA WIRES (ITEM 4) TO ODND. CELL
WIRE LENGTH TO BE 12 INCHES. SEC SHEET 2,
2.
DICAPSDLATE SDLDIII JOINTS AS FM DINEISIONS.
LENGTH OF POTTING TO BE .45 INCHES.
3.
ALL DII®ISIONS IN INQIS, EXCEPT AS INDICATED.
4.
PRODUCT OF.
A.
J'DcJ
MAMMON
NEIL BROWN INSTRUMENT SISTELS, INC.
CATANET. WA. 02534
(6t7-563-9317)
A
WIRE, At 29 AWG STRANDED
Al,
3
I
ENCAPS4LRT ING
I
2
Oil
1
1
10084
B
(O-RING, NITRILE
rw.rio.
P8AT$L T
CONDUCTIVITY SENSOR ASST
- waa eAoww t'WL
SOW
q D,
!t C
48
NEIL BROWN CCNDUCTIV IT,( CELL I I/ A
wor
L
Figure IV-b-4.
MAR.
L_ 181
Neil Brown conductivity sensor assembly drawing
(dwg no. 82-21730).
262
s
REVISION
W1R2.
LTR
C
DESCRIPTION
I
DATE
APPROVAL
-, r
I WAS
6Rf ZN
NOTES
DRIVEN ELECTROpE.s L ONE INSIOE,
ONE
OuTCICE).
R-Ee-E1v-m S- --ELECTRODES.
schoolOI
!:eon
state
.
Oceanography
DRAWN
University
ISSUED
,J
Inf.. '--
C0NCU^T1V17Y SE,.;`_.
- IE
IL
SIZE FSCM NO.
G SZ-L/Soo
N TY PE
DWG NO.
SCALE C1
A
Figure IV-b-5.
Neil Brown conductivity sensor electrode
placement (dwg no. 82-21730).
C? G
I ! 3O
SHEET
Z r ,:
REV.
263
Ii S1AL Ii
10 TNS
loo THS
43.,...,,9 ,.
,
.,?,1.1
Figure IV-b-6.
.1
lei
lT
PICKETT
U9.A.
I...fi 1
e
9
,
Photograph of Michael Head microconductivity
sensor.
264
REVISION
DECC1IIPnow
DATE
I
MIWMIIL
10162 1
ELECTRODE
DETAIL
10/1
f_,2SV DIR
.04
O
.1s-
WIRE, 121rrCH
NnTE ;
1.
S
ALL L'IMEN510N5 IN INCH'-.
ELLCT cOOL pIMEN5ION5 APPROX.
010
0 - RING, N ITRILE
q
EPOXY
Y
3
ELECTRODE,
4
2
&LRSS TUBE
I
TUBE, SS, .250 DIA x 1.75
e
I
PMTS LIST
HEAD MICRO-COND. PRODS ASSY
Sow 1o/ab/B2
USUN
Figure IV-b-7.
on Fscr so.
DWD. No
8 8z-2is0D
Z/1 I
Microconductivity sensor assembly drawing (dwg
no. 82-21732).
82-2/732
OWT
I
of
265
REVISION
L
DESCRIPTION
PRE55 !L.
IQ, E.
DATE
I
APPROVAL
P
III
F !5 Mt.IST
SCRPPEC CLEAN OF 'PRRYLENE-C...
NSv_=^-',Jti GEFOkE UNIT CAN FE PLUGG:,- i'';
oR SOLDERS L.
2.
Al- O/fr ENS i'^1. IN INCHES-
School Ot
Oceanography
Oegon
DRAWN S 7- !J
University
ISSUED
PRESSLARE SENSC
SIZE FSCM NO.
DWG. NO.
P 81-21SGY
SCALE ? / _
4
Figure IV-b-8.
Pressure sensor specifications (dwg no.
82-21728).
SPEC);= 1C=T:O
32-21728
SHEET
7
266
c) Probe mechanical design
The mechanical part of the probe comprises the instrument
body, the nose cone in which the sensors are mounted, the
oil
bladder, stabilizing fins and the instrument termination
(Figure IV-c-1, Table IV-c-1). A lead cylinder secured
between the nose cone and the motherboard provides the
weight necessary to insure that the instrument descends
vertically at the desired speed. These must be designed so
that the sensors are protected from breakage under normal
conditions while at the same time the flow passing the
sensors must be as unobstructed as possible. The sensors
must be mounted in such a way that damaged sensors can*be
replaced, but sea water cannot enter the case. The probe is
not pressure sealed, thus the oil bladder is required as a
reservoir to insure that the instrument body remains full of
oil under pressure. A means of connecting the probe to the
data link/retrieval line must be provided that allows the
data link to be changed if necessary, that protects the
connectors from salt water, and is strong enough to pull the
instrument through the water and back onto the deck.
NOSE CONE:
The nose cone (Figure IV-c-2) is machined from a 2" PVC rod.
Threaded holes are positioned to hold the various sensors
that can be inserted into the nose cone. Sensor guards of
0.125" stainless steel rod prevent the sensors from being
inadvertently touched and broken. The instrument end is
machined to fit inside the stainless steel body and
indentations for o-ring seals are made in this area (Figures
IV-c-3,IV-c-4). The retainers (Figures TV-c-5 - IV-c-7) to
be used with each of the sensor types (thermistors, NBIS
conductivity, microconductivity) are made from Delrin rod.
One of the two fill holes
located in the
nose cone. The basic nose cone is modified to accept the
microconductivity transducer (Figure TV-c-8) or to attach to
the thermistor/conductivity chain (Figure TV-c-9).
for oil is also
BODY:
The probe body is constructed of 2.0" O.D., 0.49 W 304
stainless steel tube (Figures IV-c-10, IV-c-11).
INSTRUMENT TERMINATION:
The upper end of the probe (Figures TV-c-12, IV-c-13) must
provide both mechanical and electrical connection to the
data link/retrieval line. An oil bladder is required to
insure that the electronics compartment remains completely
oil-filled under
pressure. The bladder, a 4.5" tube of
I.D. 0.125" wall thickness), is supported
by the body plug and the bladder support (Figures IV-c-14 IV-c-17). The second oil-fill hole is located in the bladder
nalgene 180
(1.5"
267
support.
The body-connector housing (Figure IV-c-18) passes
through the bladder and contains #24 insulated wires joining
two amphenol connectors. These connectors, located within
the body plug and the body-connector housing, mate with
connectors in the probe and the line termination
A termination collar (Figure IV-c-19) turns to
allow the line termination to be screwed into the probe.
respectively.
FINS:
The RSVP requires fins to stabilize its movement through the
water. These comprise an acrylic tube 3.3" long, 2.0" I.D.,
0.125" wall thickness, with three fins, 0.125" thick, 3"
long, 3" wide at the base tapering to 2.25" at the tip. The
fins are glued to the tube and reinforced at both sides of
the joint with acrylic 0.125" thick and 0.3" wide. The tube
slides freely on the instrument body so that they are at the
top when the instrument is falling and at the rear on
retrieval.
268
Table IV-c-1. RSVP parts list
510
Line termination
511
512
513
Strain relief
Line connector housing
Cable snubber
Connector - Amphenol 222-11N19 plug
Strain relief - Amphenol 222-518
Safety line 520
15'
nylon boot lacing
Instrument termination
521
522
523
524
526
Body connector housing
Connector - Amphenol 222-12N19 receptacle
Cable - 19 strands #24 insulated wire 9" long
Termination collar
Bladder support
Fill plug
Instrument connector housing
526-1 sleeve
526-2 housing
Strain relief - Amphenol 222-518
527
Connector
Body plug
-
540
Body
530
Nose cone
530/1
Thermistor
530/2
530/3
530/4
532
533
535
Amphenol 222-12N19
Modification
Conductivity Modification
Microconductivity Modification
Chain Modification
Thermistor retainer (may be modified to
microconductivity retainer by increasing
hole size to 17/64".
Weight
Conductivity retainer
535-1 tightener
535-2 spacer
eals
Parker 2 series o-rings nitrile
002
010
011
111
114
115
212
215
223
- stainless steel
6 - 32 x 1/4" socket head
6 - 32 x 1 1/2" round head
Fasteners
10-32x31/2" flat head
Misc.
Hardware -stainless steel
1/8" x 3/4" groove pin
Figure IV-c-1.
Photographs of RSVP unit
and winch.
Figure IV-c-2.
Photograph of nose cone with sensors.
271
52 - 530
N0 S E CONE
RSVP
yj!l 3 L
915"'
>;.
7HREi4DS g
`eL?C ILI)
6 -32
Y
or 1.4yC"'
.
C'
.516
'THREADS
T?ATCRIAL: 2.0"PVC RaD
006
D-D' CO" UCT V!TY
EF
Figure IV-c-3.
2eA. 2 -2 21 'Q "Ri WG
/110 DI
j T =. 9i S Top [lCD
RSVP nose cone, machinist's drawings (dwg no.
82-530).
272
<`1
hZRI i `TOR
//
E CGi/Egg-S-C
MGC
2 - S3O 1
y JA/\) 8?
r_ E'gr. F-f SECTIONS
5.4lrniGrrflisrG'rt{Rt
TVs
3.90=-F
r
Figure IV-c-4.
J, CAN TEY
RSVP nose cone showing hole for thermistor
(dwg no. 82-530/1).
273
T,Jv
r1AT R.AL:
SCALE; 2
/..
-!1JAN 3
D-LR nr ROC
1
J. CANT ','
Figure IV-c-5.
Thermistor retainer (dwg no. 82-532).
274
PSVP CONDUCTIVITY
'10L
HOSE CORE
52.-53c/2
82-S30
2-011
4 JA/. 32
D-D' SFCrIOH!
H--1.qo -;
N056
S
GUARD, CONDUCTIVITY+THff. fTISTOR
al :
2.25"L Y lii.-)
S.S. ROD
J. CANTEY
Figure IV-c-6.
Mount for Neil Brown conductivity (dwg no.
82-530/2).
275
2 S1.
CGAI; G"i1`;1 7/
R=TA:A,i--
A-sEf±ry8-s 5q JA !4
82-53s-I
82-535-2
f-raCEF
N
7
i
30
y
SCA2- "2y1
MI,TL-nL"1;/ D=LRlh' ROD
CA, ^i T"-- Y
Figure IV-c-7.
Neil Brown conductivity retainer (dwg no.
82-535).
276
-530Zz
y'JAN 2
i
NO Tt ; THEn%,4f! -nR Rc r4!NEk'
8<"-S3 klrrN eENTER WOLL=
0 6(7- 7-C 1746,11r
WI i /1 ;WJ,
tics
J. CA /V rE,v
Figure IV-c-8.
Mount for Head microconductivity (dwg no.
82-530/3).
277
Figure IV-c-9.
Nose cone modification for use with
thermistor chain (dwg no. 82-530/4).
,-'
_-_
J.
Figure IV-c-10. Photograph of RSVP with nose cone, body and
instrument termination.
279
RSVP IODY
n
82-5y0
g/ JAN 82
MATERIAL: 2.0" O.D.,.OggW 30'/ S.S. TUc=
Ivor5S; 1. ENDS IDENTICFL 8.:fT 60'°
o>:FSI-r
2. EAC/y END
1l!"D
14A vE.VG
7WP. E
I'GLES AT 127°
INTERVAL..
3, CHAMFER
NDS
AND
3rIVE:EN ,C ,/ANC 15 Of
INTERIOR of
DEBURR
Icy "D HOLES
Figure IV-c-11. RSVP body specifications (dwg no. 82-540).
280
I
sS'
281
VP I// TT U IcNT
TEFl1Il'iATlfJ 50-1 '(-,(-
Sri -521
BODY CONNECT0R
HOUSINS
80-c22
rERMINATION
COLLAR
8O -523
BLADDER,
SUPPORT
80-521!
FILL
L\
L
PLUG
80-526
INST?Ur, ;T
80-526-1
82-527
SLEEVE
BODY
PLUG
CONNBC r R
60-526-2
Holly Irj6
STRAEPI RELIEF
2z2-Si8
A!tP.!E/I' L
222 -121'119
RcCEPTACLE
J. CANTLY
I? F!".117 81
Figure IV-c-13. Components of the instrument termination (dwg
no. 80-520C).
282
r
- 1.70 '-----1.60"
7" ----'
MATERIAL: 2.0"PVC ROD
"I
$CALF; 1f
CANT ,E Y
Figure IV-c-14. Body plug (dwg no. 82-527).
283
-IN 1 LI(1C,'_IT
GAI;`dcrIGI;_
MATERtAL
HOUSING C2(6-2
'MATERIAL:
-" PVC ROD
J. CANTEY
qSEPT 81
Figure IV-c-15. Instrument connector housing (dwg no.
80-526D).
284
?SVP BLADDER -((PPrPT
NOr : A;SE!`i84E -rER, /Jnl rro,J Co,44,4 [ ($6-S22) r4 3o Y
CoiifFe rod Hole. iiv !fir 2 o) AND ;4 %E } r#
C CErEENr TD SADDER .5u/-)poFr PRIOR r©
TrRIAL:
! 1.75" PVC A
-bRI.GjIA/i; q/12 TAl)pj1
F)/,z 1.10
pOL Y U//,VEC7 M' I/O(A_TiG WALL.
.
TAP T1Rt(
J.CANTEY
gSff PT 31
Figure TV-c-16. Bladder support (dwq no. 80-523C).
j
2P5
_
I P J L_ PLUG---
" RI Iii G
2-111
MATERIAL
/8,
DELREN RGD
SCALE: 4'-1
J. CANTEY
26 JAN 81
Figure TV-c-17. Oil fill plug (dwg no. 80-525).
286
RSVP BODY CONNECTOR HOUSING
SO -521 C
DRILL Y&' D aY HOLES
/ AFTER ASSEMBLY
THREADS : YZ -20
WRINGS
2-LIZ
2-115
MATERIAL:
I.?S"PVC ROD
Figure IV-c-18. Body connector housing (dwg
J. CANTEY
9SEP81
no. 80-521C).
287
so -522 C
rERIf ,'MATIGN1 CEL LA R
R SV
//
4
1.75
--1.312
-1.11t 4-OO°0:
i
x
i
W
w
I7ATERIAL:
1.75 "DEL47 '
SCALE: 2 -Ai
J. CA(!TEYI
gSEPT81
Figure IV-c-19. Termination collar (dwg no. 80-522C).
288
d) Cable and terminations
The cable (Figure IV-d-1) used with the RSVP is manufactured
by Cooner Wire Company, Chatsworth, CA. This cable is
required to be waterproof to 500 PSI in sea water with a
breaking strength of greater than 400 pounds. The conductors
are #32 AWG solid wire with triple poly-nylon insulation.
The overall diameter is 0.095". For FRONTS 82 1400 feet of
continuous cable was required to reach the desired depth.
Two versions of the line were used, one with 10 and one with
16 conductors.
The ends of this cable must be terminated with electrical
connectors and strain relief mechanisms that can stand up to
shipboard deployment.
INSTRUMENT END TERMINATION:
a) Clean threads of line-connector housing (Figures
IV-d-2, IV-d-3) with Freon TF.
b) Place o-ring into line-connector housing.
c) Thread cable thru:
1) safety line (not shown)
2) strain relief (Figure IV-d-4)
3) line-connector housing
4) cable snubber (Figure IV-d-5)
5) Amphenol strain relief
d) Solder jumpers and wires to female pins and
insert into Amphenol plug, jumpers first.
e) Check for shorts between wires.
f) Coat pins and wires with "5-minute" epoxy.
g) Check for shorts between wires.
h) Tie knot in cable above Epoxy.
i) Position Amphenol strain relief onto plug. Fill
cracks between strain relief and plug with clay.
j) Apply MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) to threads of
Amphenol strain relief.
k) Fill Amphenol strain relief with polyurethane
(Products Research and Chemical Corporation
PR-1592 Amber)
and slide cable snubber into place
in end of strain relief. Lightly coat strain
relief threads with polyurethane and screw plug
assembly into line connector housing. Carefully
apply MEK to inside threads of line-connector
housing. DO NOT allow MEK to come into contact
with the cable jacket. MEK will severely weaken it.
Fill cavity with polyurethane. Screw strain relief
into line-connector housing. Allow polyurethane to
cure 3 days at room temperature before use.
1) Check for shorts between wires and continuity
through cable.
m) Thread safety line through line-connector
289
housing and
tie off.
n) Place o-ring onto line-connector housing.
WINCH END TERMINATION:
a) Remove tabs from Amphenol strain relief.
b) Thread cable through: 1) line-connector housing
(Figure IV-d-6)
2) Amphenol strain relief
(Figure IV-d-7).
c) Tie knot in Kevlar.
d) Solder wires to female pins and insert into
Amphenol plug.
e) Check for shorts between wires.
f) Position Amphenol strain relief onto plug. Fill
cracks between strain relief and plug with clay.
g) Screw plug assembly into line-connector housing.
h) Check for shorts between wires.
i) Center cable in line-connector housing and fill
with "5-minute" epoxy.
j) Check for shorts between wires and continuity
through the cable.
k) Place o-ring onto line-connector housing.
290
PART * 570 - COONER WIRE CO.
OCEANOGRAPHY CABLE-
.095" OVERALL DIA.
.015" WALLTNICKNESS
POLYURETHANE UPJOHN *2363,
YELLOW, PIN HOLE FREE
WATERPROOF INSULATION.
16 EACH CONDUCTORS,
# 32 AWG (ft .009 OVERALL),
= 290 okras/CABLE,
6pp
TRIPLE POLYURETHANENYLON INSULATION. WIRES
SPIRALED AROUND CORE.
CORE, STRAIN MEMBER
KEVLAR *29, THREE
STRANDS OF 3000 DENIER
DIA.ft .050 OVERALL
BREAcING STRENGTH
400 POUNDS.
CABLE LENGTH :
1400 FEET : 140 FEET
(426.7 METERS 3 1o y.)
OCEANOGRAPHY CABLE
STEVE WILCOX
1/8/82
SKETCH APPROX. 4.0/I
COONER WIRE PART *57O
Figure IV-d-I.
Cooner wire sketch, part #570.
291
LINE TERMINATION INSTRUMENT END
STRAIN RELIEF
(80-5IIA)
LINE CONNECTOR
HOUSING
(SO-512C)
0-RING 2-215
0-RING Z-114
CABLE SNUBBER (80-5138)
12
STRAIN RELIEF
(AMPHENOL 222- 5 18)
PLUG
(AMPHENOL 22Z-11N19)
Scale: I in. = 2 in.
SZ-30,102
Figure IV-d-2.
11-18-82
JC, MD6
Line termination - instrument end (dwg no.
82-30,102).
292
80-5120
B-B'
THREADS
2
s,
+.0024
2. 1
RfCTt C/ftt,.*A(
art3n i u.*rr/(s:.eu
ti
MATE IAL:
11,75" PVC RGD
j"p"R!tiC
-FAP.Y..E/
2 - 215 IV. TRZLE
2 11y N1TRILE
a--
t-R5.9
16k- L:30*= j :.oo:: '
1.75
C - C,
SFPT .31
Figure IV-d-3.
Line connector housing - instrument end
(dwg no. 80-512C).
293
RSVP STRAIN RELIEF
80-511A
MATERIAL :
MOLDED R T V
(G E 31 or 54, 0)
Figure IV-d-4.
Strain relief - instrument end (dwg no.
80-511A).
294
PSV
80-5i38
.125"
V
MAI TERIAL:
PVC RO 0
SCALE: y-
.
J, CANTL Y
22 JAiJ 81
Figure IV-d-5.
Cable snubber (dwg no. 80-513B).
295
RSVP WINCH03
LINE CONNECTOR
HOUSING
8L-683
3 MAR8L
MATERIAL: PVC
SCALE : z: i
J. CANTEY
Figure IV-d-6.
Line connector housing - winch end
(dwg no. 82-683).
296
LINE TERMINATION - WINCH END
LINE CONNECTOR
HOUSING
82 - 683
O-RING 2-113
STRAIN RELIEFAMPHENOL 222-SIB
PLUGAMPHENOL 222-IlN19
Scale-. 21n.= l in..
82-30,101
Figure IV-d-7.
Line termination
82-30,101).
11-18-82
MDB
-
winch end (dwg no.
297
e) Winch
The RSVP winch system (Figure IV-e-1, Table IV-e-1) is an
electrical winch driven by a 3/4 hp 110V variable speed dc
motor. Speed reduction is 5/1, allowing a maximum retrieval
rate of approximately 2.5 m/s at 45 pound cable tension with
a spool radius of 3 inches. While the winch may be powered
either in or out, in practice the cable free wheels out and
is powered only on the retrieval cycle. With this version of
the RSVP probe, drops to 220 m were achieved at 5 knots ship
speed with a consistent turn-around time of 6 minutes.
The winch system consists of an aluminum box mounted on a
swiveling base with a fishing rod and pulley as a line
guide. The drive train incorporates a moveable gear to act
as a decoupler, and the cable spool is mounted on a
cantilevered shaft to allow rapid cable change with minimum
data gathering interruption. Data is transmitted through
slip rings mounted in the hollow drive shaft.
The mount system consists of the rail mount (Figure IV-e-2),
pole holder (Figure IV-e-3), pole, and snatch block. Because
level-wind, it is necessary to
provide a means of keeping the line from piling up. This is
accomplished by using a flexible pole and allowing the
operator to swivel the winch about a vertical axis. The pole
the winch does not have a
is a solid fiberglass fishing "boat rod" about 6 ft long,
designed for use with greater than 50# test line. All
hardware was removed and the butt machined to 1" diameter.
The block mount (Figure IV-e-4) is a stainless tube with a
bent piece of 1/8" rod welded on to form a D. The block
mount is epoxied to the end of the pole. The snatch block
used is a Blockits #343K. The supplied roller is replaced
with one (Figure IV-e-5) machined from Delrin which fits
closer to the cheek plates so that line cannot catch between
the cheeks and roller.
The winch drive train (Figures IV-e-6, IV-e-7) is designed
to free-wheel out as easily as possible. A modified bicycle
brake allows the operator to stop the cable at the end of a
drop. The clutch is then engaged to reel the probe in.
Details of the construction of the drive train are shown in
Figures IV-e-8 - IV-e-11.
The winch is driven by an electric motor, Dayton #2M169
(Figure IV-e-12). The controller, Dayton #2M171, is located
in a waterproof aluminum box (Figures IV-e-13 - IV-e-16).
This box is mounted on the top of the winch frame which
houses the drive train unit. The electrical system and
operator are protected by a ground-fault circuit-
298
The winch is powered by ship's power through a
waterproof connector.
interrupter.
Data is transmitted from the cable through the slip ring
assembly (Figures IV-e-17, IV-e-18, details shown in Figures
IV-e-19 - IV-e-26). This assembly is located within the
hollow shaft on which the cable spool is mounted (Figures
IV-e-27 - IV-e-29) and extends out the other side of the
winch frame. A deck cable (Figure IV-e-30) connects to the
stationary end of the slip rings and transmits the signals
to the laboratory.
The winch frame (Figures IV-e-31, IV-e-32, details Figures
IV-e-33 - IV-e-42) is constructed of aluminum plate due to
the critical alignment required between the long shaft and
the short shaft (Figures IV-e-9, IV-a-10). The three side
plates were stacked and the edges milled and holes bored
simultaneously. Silicone sealant was used between the plates
and to seal all screw holes.
A crank (Figure IV-e-43) that can be used to retrieve the
probe in the event of winch failure is available. This was
not required on the FRONTS 82 cruise.
299
Table IV-e-1. Winch parts list
Mount System
613
612
Rail mount
614
Block mount
Snatch block
Pole - solid fiberglass tapered rod designed
for greater than 50# test line
607
606
-
Blockits #343K
Snatch block roller
615
Frame
610
611
620
621
622
623
630
631
Motor mount
Front
Side #1
Side #2
Side #3
Bearing mount
Bottom
Top
Drive train
Bearings
4 ea R6 closed
2 ea R10 closed
2 ea R20 closed
2 ea R20 open
Gears
Bevel 20 degree pressure angle, 12Pd
Pinion 18T dpitch = 1.5", Bore 0.625"
Gear 54T
dpitch = 4.5", Bore 0.625"
Keyway 3/16" 1 set screw
Spur 14.5 degree pressure angle, 20 Pd,
3/8" face, 1/2" shoulder
1 ea 48T Dpitch=2.4", Bore
1 ea 40T Dpitch=2.0", Bore
2 ea 80T Dpitch=4.0", Bore
0.652",
0.375",
1.250",
2 set screw
2 set screw
2 set screw
1 ea 40T Dpitch=2.0", Bore ).875", 1.0" face,
no shoulder
Bevel shaft 5/8" x 3.78", 3/16 keyway
/ 2 flats @ 90 degrees other end
Idler shaft 3/8" x 2.5", 2 flats @ 90 degrees
0.525"
from end
300
Table IV-e-1 (continued)
624
642
643
641
640
Clutch mount
625
626
Brake mount
Eccentric shaft
Detent handle
Short shaft
Long shaft
Splash shield
Brake lever
Brake - Modified "atom" bicycle rear drum
brake
Line restraint plates
670
671
Spool retainer
Crank
Spacers 5/8" I.D. x 7/8" O.D. x 0.050"
x 1.000"
3/8" I.D. x 5/8" O.D. x 0.050"
x 1.000"
605
603
629
Data transmission assembly
Deck cable wiring
Plug
o-ring Parker 2-221 nitrile
627
Connector mount
Connector - Amphenol 165-28
Cable - see wiring diagram 83-603
Connector
628
Connector
695
694
-
Amphenol 222-11N19
Connector bracket
-
Amphenol 222-12N19
Stationary connector housing
Slip ring shaft
Bushing 0.500" I.D. xO.555" O.D. x 0.50L"
6-32 clearance hole
Flex coupling H.H. Smith #164
691
Slip ring cap
Slip ring - Airflyte
692
693
Slip ring body
Slip ring rear body
Amphenol 222 series
Spool connector
Connector - Amphenol 222 series
Connector -
680
Electronics
CAY 110-20
301
Table IV-e-1 (continued)
Electrical system
Connector as required for specific research ship
Cable - 14-350 Neoprene
Waterproof connector - Russell Stoll 20A 115V
#3729 plug
#3743 receptacle
Ground fault circuit interrupter - 11OV
Controller - Dayton #2M171
Motor - Dayton #2M169
Waterproof shaft
Toggle switch boot - APM Hexseal #1030
Electrical box with covers
661
660
Aluminum standoff 4-40 female threaded 1/4"d x 1"
Waterproof electrical cord grips
Cable 14-250 Neoprene
Gaskets - molded from self leveling RTV 734 silicone
Seals
Parker polypak 12500250
APM hex seal 1030
Parker 2 series o-rings nitrile
006
010
016
019
020
221
113
115
119
128
Fasteners - stainless
0-80x1/4"
2-56x1/4"
10-32x1/2"
10-32x3/4"
10-32x1/2"
10-32x3/4"
5/16"-18x3/4"
6-32x3/16"
1/4"-20x1/4"
steel
flat hd
flat hd
flat socket hd
flat socket hd
socket hd
socket hd
socket hd
set
set
4-40x3/8"
6-32x1/4"
6-32x1/2"
6-32x2"
10-32x1/2"
1/4"-20x4"
3/8"-16x3/4"
10-32x1/4"
5/16"-18x1/4"
round hd
round hd
round hd
round hd
round hd
hex hd
hex hd
set
set
Misc. hardware - stainless steel
1/8"x3/4" groove pin
3/16" roll pin
3/16" key
10-32 blind press nut 1132-NBS-EXRR-.056
6-32 blind press nut 932-NBS-EXRR-.040
(Precision metal products)
30?
I
ii
303
RSVP WI,YCH 3
32-413
1S OCT82
BALL MOUNT
Y)
MArERIAL :
STEEL
L
5IA rE.S
SCALE:.[-1
J. CANFY
Figure IV-e-2
Rail mount (dwg no. 82-613).
304
RSVP WINCH #3
_
82=612__
POLE H OL PER
I
I
SCALE; 2:1
J, CANTL Y
Figure IV-e-3.
Pole holder (dwg no. 82-612).
-- ?.: cc '-
-44 L,
z4c
305
WI11CN'
BLOCK mo(NT
11` V
82-61y
I
1
OCT 11-32
'I
11.1r4
MATERIAL: SrAIN[ESS STEEL
J. CANTEY
Figure IV-e-4.
Block mount (dwg no. 82-614).
306
SNATCH
LIXK_
P 0%LE R
_
82__ti2.c
----?8 Oc_T82
A -A
i
MA-12
Figure IV-e-5.
AL: (. Li1,A!
J, CA NTEY
Snatch block roller (dwg no. 82-615).
WINCH'3 DRIVE TRAIN
62- 606
LIAR 20FSsa
INPUT
l, SUArr
q6 iurN
SNIH
SpACtR
%'ID )i 00
.0501
BEARINGS
Ni0
;S& E7
/
o
):I RAt10'
El N-!
mob' DfuAfru1J
A11 Rif
ar
3.001
BEVEL GEARS
c
PINION L1I.5'
se rurN
BEVEL SUArr
LCAA
17SLAWo
$1T$JAr 3.I.21i
lad' MCSSDRt AACIE
1j, N(VWAV
1111 SCOW
JEJ'$041
cr
NlurN
2FAfs(.r10'
I.Mf.I1f £'EAM 0 i
SL.a'r
IDLER
SNfn '
fPACLR
tim.%o0
Afar
gI
BEARINGS
SPUR GEARS
/.root
o
NiV DfPAAruA(
Jl,R(I
cI-=E7
_
.
l J PRISSURE ANNIE
GEAR2NI F15*2
v.- S
20 0,
va FACE
Aro rttrN
1
¼ ' SMOULDER
s
1 1 CIN fl1I
IDLER SHAFT
O IN o
SHOUIDEA
2"1.1bs
2 riAnV +O
LINE SPOOL
ef.re
81AWK
--ZFn 70,5110
St .Yv
111,'SNAFI
L23
ivLt
LN-
C7 O
N1
1/t"'.
ii,
6'11 I
BMW S 111420
.shuo10
in ,
CLUTCH
BEARINGS R20
DO
612-1
BEARINGS
Ping
(ECFNrRtC SNAFI
612.1
rU
I_
"° CO14AA
&°12.2
GEAR 20FS10
(IUICN ry;UNr 424
5
SHAFF
I FACE NO SMOULDER
1D Trf rN
NO Sit SCREWS
IENI HANDLE
64S
en
5/(IFof L
11 4LIIM
BRAKE LEVER
.a(r?
I1I
OO
0
:RORrsNAfr
Civil
l °fS1.2k,'
DRACKEI 62S
COMA
1(4110
N
AiJaNV FNr4NAfIONAL
ASS VIA[ SPOOL
DRAM 110UNr
626A
BRAKE
Atom' clang
SPOOL RETAINER
LONG SHAFT
470
Lg01
REAR ORUr1 9AAA1
Ivfl I1[4(100:
1 15111 AAEA War
I &DA 1 1.10' 11 NI1A
LIRE RESTRAINT
f AAPL too $OUYr
fL Arc
lc fivl
J. CANTEY
7 OCT82
w
CD
V
ap
E
a
F3
(j(('tif l
l !
I
; i 1114!111 I I i! I Ip
11
iE:
U
It
309
R _ yF W%AIc w '3
2-
y2
FLCFN 7-.P/C S,//AFT
S A- 7iI167rr
442-1
NC %E: . RrlL A FrEk AS-fEI` 6-1. Y
TB DETERMINE RADIAL
FOSITrow
N
LEVER b ,,q2-3
-375--
rlj=1o -=2
JATF_RIAL, SrciNL5Ss
cozlw 6y2-2
L-
) qraP /g -Ik
17ATERIAL: ALU111/VUN
MAr RIAL: DELRIN
J, CA IV i Y
Figure IV-e-8.
Eccentric shaft (dwg no. 82-642).
310
_____R kP WINCH 9
62-6yG
_
FE882
LONG S/MFr
6'10-1
!--1.0.0
TAB
t74 t ,'JAI. :
a
,IFS g,"i SG a1LS.S
3IPS So/Ea y 316'.r
" ROD
3f4
J2
-r-----y
' PIATE 1I6 S.S.
6-?z`'5 :S. SErc n.j
Figure IV-e-9.
-2O
Long shaft (dwg no. 82-640).
4Z U)
311
i r : NA:T
6L11-1
"j
4 rE F!AG ; 1
I11
j
52-6y1-i
.4
v OD C6S
ruSE
31.L-
82-6'/L-2
rA"%`f Z.^.
62f 1-2
'1ArE,P1AL: ALUHINUt'l
J. CANTS Y
Figure IV-e-10. Short shaft (dwg no. 82-641).
312
D(TENT y,9,V&.=
757 5 S2
82-E'/3
SPR1,/G
Wi
11 ruP,t,e;
oI
/1 rEP.1/:.:
STAINLESS W!
,
,
CHROME NICKEL
ALLOY, HARD
NArZ*)IAL; .'.f 40a
_1. CA.4JTEY
Figure IV-e-11. Clutch detent handle (dwg no. 82-643).
82- 608
WINCN ELECTRICAL SYSTV 1
II
ur IIIIN
tint CII/NI I
INUAIwra
AM NIK(N
F "d IVIr(N
NOOr
(
'4J
O1/fKI
1
V,JWl1 roll
I
I
0
.1®I
N/II
roroi- *
62.9(0
(IILI(ICAI WI -
_. a
W(0/14I
(MY rANY f,
roar 9U
N111A SLG
I'M
Mr7ar *'2 MK/
Ill141Hg1
1.wt Irl
Kti w
IOA 1111
A(((PI4I1A
371)
PINS
fi710
41.811
IMP
El
1 CANiY
20 OCI82
w
Figure IV-e-13. Photograph of controller and electrical box.
315
RSVP W1NC/
3
GLECTRiCAL BOX
82-0140
TOP ,V-BOTrom OPEN
2 2 MNR_82___P_AGEI
1Q-32 BLIND PRESS
NUTS -TOP
10-32 CLEARANCE /. &A
BOrron
MAT/=RIAL
1GA. A/W?/NNN
9L
10-32 BLIND
PRESS Nafs
AM. ti U. PhD.
(A NODIIEJ
113 2-N8S-M.QT
COVER
6-32 BLrAID
PRESS NUTS
PnP 932,VBS
EXRR -.oqo
J. CANTfY
Figure IV-e-14. Winch electrical box specifications (dwg no.
82-660/1).
316
R= V? WIN6 1
3
E2 -
60
2.2 MAR 82
ELECTRICAL SOX
BB
1T8
ON,
ti
OFF
ED
W
pq wER
1
It
3"
6% =
C-C
Figure IV-e-15. Winch electrical box controls (dwg no.
82-660/2).
=A 6E2
317
ZSV
WINCI- - --
---20 Ocr 2
f0-661-
(vh7'E R i-ROOF
'PA FT
MATERIAL ALUHrNUl7
0
b
1ATERrAL. DELRIN
14
J. CANTEY
Figure IV-e-16. Winch electrical controls - waterproof shaft
(dwg no. 82-661).
PLU:
420,
318
UI
CONNECTGP
IHPNZNo_ UJ26
CONAL--TOR MOUNT.
627
CABLE
See r2RtNS AOKf.M Q2. Z
CON14!CTDP
Am w144k 222 SLRJZ
UZZ
p RIA --
Nuc U#$
S1e
COM !CTO! £9ACXET
CONNECTOR
.,NSLC/ff4Cti
+0. ?222)N21
JIM=
frfalw R[Kf'em
STS 7WAY CON(R
WDLTK
SLIP RIAK SHAFT
6 I,
ecn ttxgc
AN"
ILL
.sa'.
F212 MLG %' St1.SFT C0YIPLLIC
WN S/fIT/f d'Xf
S 64 RINC CAP
poi
SLIP RIAK
ARRYIE tUC?R VJ
CAT 110-20
2!P PING WDT
c12
SLIP lIAC (REAR CAP
4 t1
OReic
006
Comew
A
NN NENOL 222 SLR2#
0
CIB
j
I
wirnc Ptn ID ISN
%-JIM
N0(l. !fea -C90!
I
Li
RITAINL4L% 2
tOVNFCTOB
A d.M 222 f2RN!
I
L-J
Figure IV-e-17. Winch data transmission assembly (dwg no.
82-605).
a
Figure IV-e-18. Photograph of data transmission system.
320
J': \'C k'
SV
CONNECTOR
C5
_o fGcG
TAP 10 -3Z
0 R:NG 2-123
;.1 11
Figure IV-e-19. Connector bracket (dwg no. 82-628).
;t
Y
321
411
t, LAC
CO'JJECTOP &fOf."/T
RS 1"i
52 -,.2,7
1.6 r E c $2
; -L---220
- -90 "
-1.700"
F
I
H rj,
N
FLA.VGL El.GE6 ON
r.I
,-L ATE-,
i.1 f r`I
TNRES D -5/.4/0
Y/. LE ?0° SPge, IN6
--1. G6G =-yi
I
MArE,C AL: ,,ALUHINUoy
PLATE
A zips Scf 1:^
ALli/1NUy PL1E
J, CA1rEy
Figure IV-e-20. Connector mount (dwg no. 82-627).
322
RSVP
L'INCH "3
82 - 929
15 JUN- 82
PL U6
THREAD 6-32
MA riRIAL :
1.75"pt'L R06
HeA 6-32,1/y" SS SCREW
!y eA "(, SS 41ASHER
h'//
NYLON WE88:NG 1"WID
Figure IV-e-21. Waterproof plug (dwg no. 82-629).
J. (AN TEY
323
R, VP
WI AJt,4/ ?
2 -6 9!'
16 MAR 82
:Lt.F RI1'6 srarl:v.r
CGNNECTG,p /!O!(S1A/
NOTE: CIRCC(LAR GROOVE CUT
WITH %8" NOLE 3Aln/
I
f--THREAD
6 -32
I
r/l EAD 1/2-20
MATERZAb. IE4R2W
SCAB! 2:1
J. CAvTEY
Figure IV-e-22. Slip ring stationary connector housing (dwg
no. 82-695).
324
RSVP
'f-82-Q
9y
L-A A11116, S-AIA Fr
17/k
V'rE: 2UKA I
EFuZt'. D J-,'J.
J.
111,47'z-,P.',44
L
: %g S.. ruE .os5 wcc
SCALE 2.'!
J. C'A,VrZY
Figure IV-e-23. Slip ring shaft (dwg no. 82-694).
325
R 5_l!/KCX ' 1
SLIP RING C41
Z -----_8 ' R 84
-
AKp
- POL Y PA K 12SC 02 r0
T/.1,PEA D 2 S6
SIX ,DL14
E KENL Y S, ACE.
ArE°ML,
AG
C11-1i
j,1'
SCALE 2 :1
.l. C4Av; -may
Figure IV-e-24. Slip ring cap (dwg no. 82-691).
326
BODY
CLEARANCE DRILL
"sue-r
p
c-
o
N,, r<R_AL:
-i
rI' EF
FENLy SPACE,/
_ COuNrEesz. K 2-.S7, FLAT HEAD
' N.kE f NULEf t vs,Cy
c ED
- CC L',vr R r Nr' 2, SL =LpT AlcAZ
J,':N.i :?Y
Figure IV-e-25. Slip ring body (dwg no. 82-692).
T//RAE HOLE) EVENLY
J. CANTET
SPACED
327
P. : VP
vrllc#
SLIP PING /?EAR CAP
---:998 L N
.1
.CDuA'TER`. NK
0.5C
2-HOLE$ oP
Zra
O 'R:N(, 2.019
TNRER 2 S6 3 HOLES EvFNLY SAACLD
N
-'AZ A-;2 OIL FILL
PL LG w/6 32 S[AF;/.
A,WI 2-066:6,Y. N6
'fATERIAL ; ,AL41AWUhj
J. (A //r '/
Figure IV-e-26. Slip ring rear cap (dwg no. 82-693).
328
SPOOL CONNECTO4P
6z-6aC-2
,,12f
SPOCL CONVECTOR
RErcrN,:R
I\I
i1F T 2 _ /.y i IJfL-f:ii
Sz-(e BC-1
5 POOL CONNES rO R NOa szNG
O R, 1v.', 2 -113
J,
4n: /Vr:Fv
Figure IV-e-27. Spool connector retainer and housing (dwg no.
82-680).
329
RSVP
WINCH=
18 FE8 52
7C;
SPOOL RETAINER
i AP
r4 f8
s-
s,.,
.QoLs
2
10
i
J
I
I
.l'
i^
?
AAAA,[
JA4 A A A A i
`DIAL:
1/4 x18y=/y=. SGCYT
NEAR CAP SCREW
J. CANT -y
Figure IV-e-28. Spool retainer (dwg no. 82-670).
i
330
P=UP WINCH - DECK CABLE CONNECTIONS
Cable 9733
M
YELLOW:
-Blue foil
BLUE
-Blue foil-
'14,
1
HI
L
Ch .
1
LO
6
Ch. 2 HI
Ch.
LO
Ch. 3 HI
3
8
Ch. 4 HI
Ch. 4 L0
4
D
BLACK '
J
ORANGE-
Ch. 5 HI
5
K
Ch. 5 LO
10
H
Data shield
N
Monitor shield
C
RED -
B
WHITE
''I
-Blue foil-Blue foil
Ch. 3 LU
9
%,
BLACK
V
a
- 5 V Monitor
+ batters (T)
11
GREEN
Y
DC/DC (A)
DC/PC (A)
13
14
DC/DC (B)
iv
-Blue foil
BLAC;:
REP
-Red foil-
kLACK
?
BLUE =
---}--
BLACK ; T----BROWN .
-Blue foil
BLACK
7-1
YEL.UWi
foil
ri L A C K ---Green
Ch.
r
GREEN -1
-Blue foil
-Green
Data lintL numbs
E
RED -.=T
-Red foil
_
Connector code
RED
RED
62-6
WHITE
DC/ DC (B)
S
Chassis ground
Spare
Spare
Spare
12
16
(shield
spares)
(to winch slip rings)
Spare
Spare
Figure IV-e-29. Deck cable connections (dwg no. 82-603).
17
18
,._
331
332
WINCH °3 FRAME
82-607
O'.
S[DE '1
G20
S1DF'z
G2L
toTCR fOuNT
620
SIDE 'Z
422
FRONT
G11
J. CANTEY
11 OCT 82
Figure IV-e-31. Winch frame drawing (dwg no. 82-607).
333
3 2_61
_-
------1 FEE,-32
;,7_1700t
F,
b
ALM,l{H P4Al5
CAL = 2:1
(j ir1Y
Figure IV-e-32. Motor mount (dwg no. 82-610).
334
FRONT
--- 7 87-5
p
I
MA TRIAL:
ALU/71//U,i PL,vE
SCRL_ : 2: 1
I (ANTCy
Figure IV-e-33. Winch frame front (dwg no. 82-611).
335
7.
i
'7.00"--------
-S.50'-
NOTE: TAP EDGE
TAP y "NPT
na wT 6EAR GQSE
OU 6A6E
i c .1: A!
a L; ;YI,V /,l,'1
SCALE 2:1
J. CA'I'T:-
Figure IV-e-34. Winch frame side #1 (dwg no. 82-620).
336
RSVP
w,,,L'
S2
21
SIDE 0-2
2FEB2
r
I
n'_
"A
Figure IV-e-35. Winch frame side #2 (dwg no. 82-621).
337
V
r ro 7.66"
11
MATERI4 L :13 iLulmI Iat1
Figure IV-e-36. Winch frame side #3 (dwg no. 82-622).
338
ASV
wrw r,_._
E E.4RIM', /`'1011 / T
f' -- -
? Fee
(,'/;7fy
Figure IV-e-37. Bearing mount (dwg no. 82-623).
339
0077 H ELATE
0
0
0
0
,ZS
IIATEPL4L. ?f'AL&lfiwa f
PLAT=
Figure IV-e-38. Winch frame bottom plate (dwg no. 82-630).
340
=/C-=a _32
3.2"--Y
200
0
0
0
Figure IV-e-39. Winch frame top plate (dwg no. 82-631).
341
.7r rv% lINCf1 #J
52-624'
jCLIITC/-/ 110 UNT
--- _ --- TAP Z C -32
Lei.
.J
7
NcrS: LEr_NT HOLES.
Di?IL1 AF7ER
AIEF-m&YAS !/EE.iSAy
EXAcr E:!TE IWAS. DThI= /SIGNS
UNIAfPCRTA,VT
MATERIAL: AL tU1: N!!tY
J. fAN7L Y
Figure IV-e-40. Clutch mount (dwg no. 82-624).
342
RSJLP111/U e3-_!aRAKF /"MOUNT
a47 2
yFEB 32
.PACKET
iA,vT Y
Figure IV-e-41. Brake mount bracket (dwg no. 82-625).
343
RSVP WINCH 3
52-626-
.
2'f FLB 32
RI\Kc' , EVPP,
MATh RT AL: STA
J. CANTEY
Figure IV-e-42. Brake lever (dwg no. 82-626A).
344
p1/
fly ,'_
8.2
C kA A0<'
kc
J
I
I
a2-671-2
to
i
j'''
lF1N c..' t:! r.!./ . !'COIL` -,
2Q
S.
Figure IV-e-43. Crank (dwg no. 82-671).
v
6-71
345
f) Onboard analog electronics
The signal from the RSVP is transmitted from the probe,
through the data link, winch data transmission system and
deck cable and through on board analog filters, amplifiers
and possibly differentiators before being digitized and
recorded. This is accomplished by a dual amplifier-filter
unit (Figures IV-f-1, IV-f-2) which can be rack mounted in
the ship's laboratory. This module allows the selection
(Figures IV-f-3, IV-f-4) of 40 or 80 Hz filters for the
undifferentiated signal and 40, 80, 400 or 800 Hz for the
signal to be differentiated. Undifferentiated outputs
include x1, x1 filtered, x5 and x50. The differentiated
signal is output x1, with selectable gain as well as the
root-mean-square and the logarithm of the rms. The power is
supplied to this unit by a transformer located in the module
(Figures
IV-f-5, IV-f-6).
The signal from the RSVP unit is received (Figure IV-f-7) by
a high -impedance differential amplifier. The selectable
filters are fixed frequency low-pass Cauer-elliptic, 7 pole,
0 dB, passband gain filters (Frequency Devices, Inc, model
7438-f).
Undifferentiated signals are offset with voltages from 0.1
to 1.0 V, selectable from the front panel (Figure IV-f-8).
The offset signal is passed through a x 5 gain stage. This
signal is offset again and an additional x 10 gain applied.
A bar display on the front panel (Figure IV-f-9) allows the
operator to monitor the amplified voltage levels.
The input signal is also differentiated using an
operational-amplifier-based differentiator circuit (Figure
f-10). This circuit has a unity gain frequency of 15.9 hz,
high frequency corner at 796 hz and a high frequency gain of
50. The gain applied to the differentiated signal is
selectable from the front panel. Additional outputs include
the rms of the differentiated signal averaged over 0.2 s and
the log of the rms.
An older version of this circuitry was used for one RSVP
temperature channel and for DC pressure on FRONTS 82
since a sufficient number of the new module was not ready.
This has been described by Caldwell and Dillon (1981). An FM
discriminator circuit which produced an output voltage
dependent upon the pressure oscillator frequency was used to
decode the FM pressure signals that were added to the
temperature channels in the probe.
346
i
cc
C.
V
347
REVISION
xi riLr
x1
OUT
LO- PASS
OUT
oUT
xs
xSO
OUT
Q
O
0
11
to
I.
r
a:
li.
40 Nt
DC
DC
AMP
INPUT
AMP
80 Nt
LO
400 HI
d/dt
NI
8fJ0 N1
AC
AMP
LOG
AC
AIMS
OUT
OUT
LOG
OUT
NVii
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Jr
t RSVP DUAL AMPLIFIER- FILTER
*W:..O9fif-.
AC
RMS
M 82- 07
1__'hv./ ula/ei
Figure IV-f-2.
Block diagram RSVP dual amplifier-filter (dwg
no. 82-20708).
.a.
sa w.
I
&: - 20708
re I
a
A
I
j
348
REvISION
LIPJ
FRONT
As D"WN
PqN EL
JnlAlie
.dOW
COMPONENTS
11111O
It
INPVT
IE ILT
OIIT
OUT
P-01111
iE
LO-No
A
N1D-SOON!
AS
is
OI0SET
AS
OUT
Nd0
OSSPLIIY
OrritT
xs0
ISS
OUT
DISPLAY
PO
AI T
tO
to-Pals
fII
et
II
DISPLAY
M
s
ANALOG
INPUT AND FILTER BOARD
BOARD
I
NOTES:
1. SEE PARTS L1 9T e2- 20717
[B
INSIST
PeJ
IL I
OUT
Al PILT
out
xS
OUT
xso
OUT
BACK
PANEL
COMPONENTS
SYSTEM WIRING DIAGRAM
- SDW
SNEET
S
or.
2
82-207 3
Figure IV-f-3.
System wiring diagram - input/filter board,
analog board (dwg no. 82-20713/1).
349
REVISION
FRONT
L)
3F
B
IIEDRRWR
OR)
Ti-, V.
PANEL
COMPONENTS
Tf?W
go^
AC
AC
AC
8 RIN
OUT
Rns
OUT
Loo
OUT
Z JE
I/O
RS7
BOARD
10
Rae
so
FUNCTION
Ih A
BOARD
!I )
AC
AC
RMS
L04
OUT
OUT
OUT
).)1,M1UN
1/0 CONNECTOR
OUT
N
11ov f4
AC
WOOL
BACK
PANEL
COMPONENTS
SYSTEM WIRING
...-« SDw
SIZE
DW i.
Figure IV-f-4.
SNEET 2
or
2
"O' 82-2.0713
System wiring diagram - function board, power
supply board, I/O board (dwg no. 82-20713/2).
MqEV
B
350
REVISION
LA
Fe
t 117'
1
*v
Y
B
2F
22
R57
10
t
Nfl
.1'111i
' IA0...
JMS
Rse
so
-
._ ____> D
+v TO 1/o CONNicloR
ANALOG
OND
21
- lsv
1/4 A
/0011.110.
v
-> E
I
-v
DC Poi GNo
TIRSt Et E GROUP
.m1. R01s..1.e01a
SCH ErtrI1G
1/0
Sn .1.1$..w .a .s.
ama snW 'file:
Figure IV-f-5. Schematic: I/O board (dwg no. 82-20821).
FSOH K D
. s.
F-
.,
1
a
351
REVISION
I1.
.COIRIp
1
1
..1.
1 St
DC POWER SuPPLY
NorES
1.
.
THE MEAT SINK AREA OF INC POWER SUPPLY
HAS BEEN SING STRNTIALLY REDUCED.
SCHEMATIC
i:_U. wL.mn
tii
POWEP SUPPLY
as
el
s..
Figure IV-f-6.
Schematic:
R2 tn7rn I
Power supply (dwg no. 82-20841).
I
e2- 208ie1
I.._1 «l
IT
352
NOTE5:
1. FILTER CUBES (I'l. -f4) RAE, LOCRT*D ON
SOCkETS HOUNTiD TO CIRCUIT BOARD T81.
2.
3.
POWER TO FILTER CUBE SOCKETS, Ptri js IS
+;5VI PIN -Vs 15 -ISV, PIN '*Nd 15 ANA1.0.e GNA
FILTER CUOES (fl - Fs) ARE FIXED FREQUENCY
LOW-PRSS CAUER-ELLIPTIC, 7 POLE, OJ6
PAS5BRNP GRIN FILTERS{ MODEL 7436-f,
FREQUENCY DfjICES, INC-
415V
-ISV
-<A
OP-AMP POWER (T81), PIN 7 Is 1SV, PIN 4 IS -tSV.
S
SEE PARTS LIST, 81-20742.
t?F
-< 4
-<z4 1 °-v
-<i
A&
10
ANALOG
C2
GNO
DC PWR
$NO
Figure IV-f-7.
J-
->i
11 W>17>Y
Ii:ir7il SCHEMATIC
(I/F) INPUT AND FILTER
{. -
21>-
,
asss
Schematic: input/filter board (dwg no.
82-20761).
BOARD
j YR is 0.82 -2070 0 1"82-2076.1
s
-
1
I
a
I
353
is
OFFSET AND 6R1N DC AMPLIFIERS
REVISION
mrea.
I
A
111n
FROM
1C IS ( P.41)
R25
92
D2
,OR
- SJ REF
TO DISPLAY,
RU
IOK
R28
10K
FOR
2ok
IC 2G(Pnl S)
RX
1OK
-rw
v
IC 22
IC Sr
C71
.i
C67
C61
02
.001
X1 FILTER
D
.
-
2K
R19
Took
R21
"so
R27
10K
OUT
R31
10K
IMOKZ
(tSV)
10 k
-, 1R
19
E
t
IM
S
11
ICA
Ago
R23
lob(
4.TTK
1 12
>-1-- 7 V
OUT
(f sv)
IC23 e w
IC21
R33
44."K
M
v
NOTES
1I
1. MRTU ID RESISTORS, *5011S, R 17-18, R21-221 R27-21, 831-32.
2.
ANALOG
OP-AMP POWER, PIN 7 Is V, Pill of IS -Y.
8N0
3 5EE PARTS LIST, 02-20782.
-v
SCHEMATIC
ANALOG BOARD
82-20700 f"82 - 20781
SDW 1112181
Figure IV-f-8.
-a,
Schematic: analog board - gain and offset
(dwg no. 82-20781/2).
.
1
.
I.
2
354
1
7
+S.ooov
I
Iy
vftTAGE
R1)
k
REF.
K13
4
4V
I
Am "
A IS
RIL
RElK
1K
tSeaOv
DISPLAY
Ic if
IC is
REP.
az
SELECT RS TO LOWER Re?. VOLTAGE TO + 5.000 VOLTS.
TRIM R11E,40 TO AD745T DISPLAY BRIGHTNESS.
S. AO7UST R16 TO CENTER" THE LIGHTED DISPLAY
4.99K
c
a.1
t. MATCH RESISTORS, I S'004. P 11-11.
3. SELECT Rq TO i? REF. VOLTAGE re +S.DOOV,
+ 9.3Sv
RI,S
L
NOTES i
1. OP-AMP POWER, P1N7Is +V, PIN 4 IS -V.
4.g4K
Ic i
REVISION
I
R14
I/PPP*k
1e
m
K -S.ooov
WITH DV INPUT.
6 DISPLAYS DP LI 1 ARE LOCATED ON FRONT PANEL.
XS DISPLAY
+'V
IC 25
XSO DISPLAY
+v
DPI
iC tG
C73
33
P37
low
is
33 1
---
R39
ION
v
fIVM
FROM
IC 2O(TN 4)
D3
(OTOIov)
lCtl(PING)
F-O-
rs
D4
b
R3B
IK
+V
Y 4-
DP2
CTA
1
9
w
--
-O-%
R4O
IK
N9
to
-er
ANALOG
1
z
ONO
-V
TURBULENCE GROUP
DC POWeR
Z OND
ar.e w ary...,
VOWS SOW 1ajolt
Figure IV-f-9.
SCHEMATIC
ANALOG BOARD
r. a.. 92 - 20 781
8 r92 .?0700
-a
I
Schematic: analog board - front panel display
(dwg no. 82-20781/1).
I
355
REVISION
Nit
DI F F EP ENT IN.TOA
I
/
11
C7L
X00 f.f
1GagL
C7:
I
Hq1
2K
IGOK
'f --11----'r.r'PCr+
.Q/WI
IWITCN
I
R42 rr
1.5k
f (..117'.'.) v
fwu.N'
NFu (...,e
44
C
v
15.9 Na
f, (-1h fr.' C.,...)
=
AC OUT
R%3
s
744 NZ
(..y q.+) :
LOG AMPLIFIER
RMS
3183 Pt
IC 35
50
LOG
puT
3.4 V
f.S.
C81
22
7
SC N E M A-1 IC
Reuel«x `
>eu
VI
n,
z
Figure IV-f-10.
Schematic: function board (dwg
no.
FUNCTION BOhRD
H d2 - 20700
82-20801).
0. 82 - ?06'01
&
356
V. The analog to digital system
a) Hardware
The data acquisition system was based on an LSI 11/23
microprocessor, with a 16-bit data word. To meet the
resolution requirement, we use a 16 bit analog to digital
converter, with a theoretical static resolution of one part
thousand. We chose the DATA TRANSLATION DT
2762/5716-SE-B-PGH, with programmable gain and 16 single
ended inputs. Even though fewer signals were recorded for
any configuration, 16 permanent hardware inputs allow us to
in sixty five
operate all our sampling scheme changes in software. High
resolution is counterbalanced by slow conversion speed, and
care had to be taken to maintain a high throughput rate. A
DATA TRANSLATION DT 2769 Real Time Clock was used to
generate the sampling
interrupts.
It was modified to
increase its interrupt priority level. The data were written
in 800 bpi NRZI to a 7 track magnetic tape, in 'core-dump'
mode, 4 tape characters per 16 bit word. We used a CIPHER
80X tape transport with a DILOG DQ120 controller. A DATA
TRANSLATION DT 2766 12 bits 4 channels D/A was used to
monitor the digitized signal, mainly during development of
the software.
LOGIC:
The hardware is controlled directly by the data acquisition
program, loaded in resident memory. The RT-11 operating
system is bypassed. The sampling rate and number of channels
are software selectable. The configuration chosen was 15
channels at 90Hz, that is a 1350 Hz (741 microseconds
throughput rate for the program and A/D. The maximum
throughput rate of the software is about 555 microseconds
(Figure Y-a-1). With a Nyquist frequency of 45 Hz, all
harmonics of 60Hz, the line frequency, are aliased to 30Hz,
making data processing easier. The 16 hardware channels are
scanned following a software-selected configuration,
depending on the sensors used. The 4 channels of the D/A are
selected at run time.
The sequence of events for one sample is sketched in Figure
V-a-1. The clock is set to overflow when a sample is to be
taken. The clock status is checked repeatedly by the
program. If overflow is detected, the converted value held
in the A/D data buffer is read and the next sample is taken
immediately (i.e. the sample and hold circuit of the A/D is
switched to hold on the next channel).
357
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Timing diagram for the data acquisition
system.
358
b) The data acquisition program
program was written by Bob Eifrig in
the C programming language. It uses the 16-bit A/D board
The data acquisition
and will write data on either magnetic tape or floppy disk.
It is designed to be easy to use and to make log-keeping
during data acquisition simple and reliable. These goals are
met by requiring the operator to select one of three
"formats" and to enter the external parameters
such as gains and offsets from the keyboard. A gain of 2 on
the A/D board (voltage range of +5 to -5 V) and a scan rate
predetermined
of 90 Hz are set as default values. All parameters are
recorded in the "header" column of the tape or disk file.
The scan rate and channel assignments of the four D/A's are
selected by the commands SETUP or MODIFY. The option to
enter all parameters from the key board is retained but was
not used during FRONTS 82.
Data are recorded as 16-bit integers. A scan consists
of a header channel and fifteen data channels. The header
word in each scan is written during overhead time between
samples so that the time between the last data word of one
scan and the
first of the
consecutive words within a
next is the same as between
scan. 2048 integer words (128
scans) are written to a tape record.
The cabling
is identical
for all of the formats, only the
desired inputs are sampled. Fourteen of the fifteen input
connectors are used. Fifteen data channels plus the header
channel are recorded. The input connectors are assumed to be
cabled as follows:
INPUT #
INPUT #
INPUT #
INPUT #
INPUT #
INPUT #
INPUT #
1.....RSVP
2.....RSVP
3.....RSVP
4.....RSVP
5.....RSVP
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
INPUT
8.....RSVP
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
6..... RSVP
7..... RSVP
T1 x 1
T1 x 5
T2 x 1
T2 x 5
Cx1
Cx5
dC/dt x (onboard amplifier gain)
pressure
9.....CHAIN T x 1
10.....CHAIN T x 5
11 ..... CHAIN dT/dt x (onboard amplifier gain)
12 .....CHAIN C x 1 x (onboard amplifier gain)
13 .....CHAIN dC/dt x (onboard amplifier gain)
14.....CHAIN pressure
# 15 .....SHORT
359
CONFIGURATIONS:
There are four choices of
configuration, the three
configuration.
predetermined formats and the general
Each is
identified by a number which is recorded in the header
column of the data file. The configurations and their
identification numbers are:
# 1.
GENERAL:
# 2.
RSVP with Neil Brown conductivity:
Number of channels, A/D board gains and
channel assignments are set at run time. No questions
about external parameters are asked.
The following inputs are recorded. The program asks
for the external parameters listed in parenthesis.
a) RSVP temperature channel 1:
x1
x 5 (OFFSET)
b) RSVP temperature channel 2:
x1
x 5 (OFFSET)
c) RSVP conductivity
x1
x 5 (OFFSET)
d) RSVP pressure
e) CHAIN microconductivity
f) CHAIN temperature
x1
dC/dt (GAIN)
x1
x 5 (OFFSET)
g) CHAIN pressure (Paulson)
Data file configuration:
data channel
input
name
connector
1
2
3
............. 1........... RSVP
.............2...........RSVP
............. 3........... RSVP
.............4...........RSVP
.............5...........RSVP
.............6...........RSVP
7 .............8...........RSVP
4
5
6
Ti x 1
T1 x 5
T2 x 1
T2 x 5
Cx1
Cx5
pressure
8............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
9............ 14........... CHAIN pressure
10............ 13........... CHAIN
11 .............9...........CHAIN
12.....
.....10...........CHAIN
13............ 12........... CHAIN
14............ 13........... CHAIN
15............ 13........... CHAIN
dC/dt
T x 1
T x 5
C x 1
dC/dt
dC/dT
360
#
3.
CHAIN microconductivity:
The following inputs are recorded. The program asks
for the external parameters listed in parenthesis.
a) CHAIN microconductivity
b) CHAIN temperature
x1
dC/dt (GAIN)
x1
x 5 (OFFSET)
dT/dt (GAIN)
c) CHAIN pressure (Paulson)
Data file configuration:
data channel
input
name
connector
............. 9........... CHAIN T x 1
2............ 10........... CHAIN T x 5
1
3............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
4............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
5............ 12........... CHAIN C x 1
61........... 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
7............ 13:.......... CHAIN dC/dt
8............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
9............ 14........... CHAIN pressure
10............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
11............ 11........... CHAIN dT/dt
12............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
13............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
14............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dt
15............ 13........... CHAIN dC/dT
361
# 4.
RSVP with microconductivity:
The following inputs are recorded. The program asks
for the external parameters listed in parenthesis.
a) RSVP temperature channel 1:
x1
b) RSVP temperature channel
x 5 (OFFSET)
x 5 (OFFSET)
c) RSVP conductivity
d) RSVP pressure
2:
x1
dC/dt (GAIN)
Data file configuration:
data channel
input
name
connector
............. 1........... RSVP
............. 2........... RSVP
3 ............. 7........... RSVP
4 ............. 7........... RSVP
5 .............5...
......RSVP
6 .............7...........RSVP
7 ............. 7........... RSVP
8 .............7...........RSVP
1
2
.............8...........RSVP
9
10 .............7......... .RSVP
11 .............4...........RSVP
12 .............7...........RSVP
13 .............7...........RSVP
14 ............. 7........... RSVP
15 .............7...........RSVP
Ti x 1
Ti x 5
dC/dT
dC/dT
C x 1
dC/dT
dC/dT
dC/dt
pressure
dC/dt
T2 x 5
dC/dT
dC/dT
dC/dt
dC/dT
362
RUNNING THE PROGRAM:
The data acquisition program is run on an LSI 11/23 equipped
with a video terminal and printer. The operator enters
commands and parameters from the video terminal (the console
device); a log is kept on the printer. The RT-11 assignment
command can be used to run the program from the printing
device.
Three types of questions are asked by the program:
a)"COMMAND (list)" type: The
answer is the first letter
of the desired command. The list includes all
available commands.
b)"Default" type: The question includes a value for the
answer. Hit [RETURN] to keep the displayed value.
Enter the desired value and [RETURN] to change.
c)"YES/NO" type: In response to anything except a yes
or no the program will repeat the question.
To return to command mode while being asked a question type
[ESC] then [RETURN]. To abort recording, printing or
scrolling and return to command mode just type [ESC].
363
COMMANDS:
FORWARD (F):
The tape proceeds forward until the next EOF
is reached. The tape is positioned at the
beginning of the next file ready to read or
write data. Control is returned to the
operator's console only after the operation
is complete.
BACKWARD (B):
The tape moves backward until an EOF is
encountered. If the tape had been at the
beginning of a file, BACKWARD will move it to
the beginning of the previous file. Control
is returned to the console only after the
operation has been completed.
REWIND (R):
Rewinds to beginning of tape at fast speed.
Control is returned immediately so that nontape operations can be carried out.
OFFLINE (0):
Takes tape drive off line.
WRITEEOF (W):
Writes EOF on tape and positions tape for
next file.
VERIFYTIME (V):
Displays time
currently
"default" type
checked or set.
in memory in a
question so it can either be
QUIT (Q):
Leaves the program and returns control to
the operating system (RT-11). Do not use if
running from a bootable tape.
PRINTERLOG (P).:
Acts as a toggle switch for the printer.
If the printer and the console are the same
device the PRINTERLOG switch should be off.
SETUP (S):
Selects a setup configuration (GENERAL, NEIL
BROWN RSVP, CHAIN MICROCONDUCTIVITY,
MICROCONDUCTIVITY RSVP) and asks for
external parameters, scans per seconds and
D/A assignments. Except for general,
specifying a setup configuration
automatically specifies the assignment of
tape channels to input connectors, and
determines the questions to be asked about
external parameters.
After entering the "S" command, the operator
is asked for choice of setup. This is a
command type question to be answered by the
first letter of the configuration and
364
[RETURN]. The program then asks the
questions appropriate for this choice. All
questions must be answered. If a question is
not applicable, the answer must be "9999",
not zero. The only exceptions are the
"SCANS/SEC"
and D/A assignment questions
which are of the default type.
MODIFY (M):
Modifies parameters within a given set-up
configuration. Values previously entered are
displayed in a series of default type
questions.
LISTPARAMS (L):
Lists the current parameters entered by SETUP
or MODIFY. "L" does not change values.
HALTINGLIMITS (H): Limits the number of records for recording or
playing back data. The limit is in effect
only for the first run after "H" is
commanded. To limit a series of files "H"
must be commanded before each.
ANALOGOUT (A):
Plays back previously recorded data through
the D/A converters.
TAPERUN (T):
Records data on tape using the most recent
set-up. "Tape name?" and "Batch?" are of the
default type. The batch number is incremented
automatically. If PRINTERLOG is toggled ON,
the set-up parameters are printed. Afiswer Yes
[RETURN] to begin recording. If PRINTERLOG is
ON a startup message is printed.
To stop recording, hit [ESC]. The computer
will
write the current buffer to the tape,
write 2 EOF's and retreat to the first of
these EOF's, ready to write the next file. If
PRINTERLOG is ON, a message is logged.
Control is returned to the console with
another "Tape name?" question so that data
recording can continue without returning to
command mode.
To leave the TAPERUN loop and return to
command mode, hit [ESC] and then [RETURN].
DISKRUN (D):
Records data on disk using the most recent
set-up. Once the program is in memory, both
floppy drives can be used for data recording.
The file name is of the form DATA REF NAME>.
BATCH NUMBER>. Recording starts on the
365
"primary device" (DYO: or DY1:). When the
"primary device" is full, recording switches
to the other, creating a file with the same
name, and so on until IESC] is hit to stop
recording.
The operator must change disks as
needed.
Before using QUIT the system disk must be
replaced or the system will crash.
NOWRITERUN (N):
The same as TAPERUN except that the data is
not written to tape and the batch number is
not incremented. It is used to check the
system by means of D/A outputs, for example.
Messages are printed if PRINTERLOG is ON.
EXAMINE (E):
Examines data previously recorded on tape or
disk. The tape must be positioned at the
beginning of the desired file before the
command is given. "RECORD:1?" is of the
default type. Answer 0 to begin at the
current record. Answer "Read from tape?" with
"No" to read from disk. "SCAN:1?" is of
default type and may be used to select
starting scan.
EXAMINE will read an entire file and then
stop. To abort, hit [ESC]. The tape will now
be positioned in the middle of a file and a
"B" or "F" is required to get to the
beginning of, a file.
The parameter values in effect are not
changed by EXAMINE.
EXAMINE displays on the "operator's console".
To obtain a permanent record control must be
changed to the printer using the RT-11 assign
command before running the program. PRINTERLOG
must be toggled off to run from a printing
device.
CHECKTAPE (C):
Summarizes the files on a tape and the header
information in each file. Before starting,
the tape must be positioned at the
beginning of the desired file. Checking
continues until EOI is reached. The tape is
positioned at the first of the two EOF's that
constitute the EOI.
366
Because it leaves the tape in position to
begin writing the next file, CHECKTAPE can be
used to reposition the tape for the
resumption of data acquisition.
GENBOOT (G):
Creates a bootable tape of the program. A
blank, write-enabled tape must be ready at
the load point and the tape drive must be
on-line before this command is used.
To use a tape created by GENBOOT, use the
following ODT commands, entered from the
console:
772522/10000
resets
CSR of tape controller
772524/177777
772522/60011
772522/60003
tape spaces forward one record
tape spaces forward one record
$S/350 [CR]
load PSW with 350
load PC7 with 0
R7/0 [CR]
P [CR]
starts system
This will boot the system from the tape and
enter the command mode of the program. The
program tape can then be rewound and removed,
and a data tape mounted. All commands are
effective except QUIT which will crash the
system.
367
HEADER FORMAT:
One header word is written at the beginning of each scan.
These provide a description of the instrument used, the
gains and offsets (external parameters) as well as the tape
name, run and batch number, date and time recorded, inputs
sampled, scan rate and other internal parameters of the-data
acquisition program. All values are biased by 10,000. to
prevent zero or negative values.
SCAN NUMBER
HEADER (Number on tape - 10,000)
1.
2.
3.
Number of data channels (0 - 15)
Record number (1, 2, 3,...)
7.
Seconds
(0 - 59)
Hours x 100 + minutes (0 - 2359)
Month x 100 + day ( 101 - 1231)
Year x 100 + program version number
Batch number (position of file on tape)
8.
Run number
9.
TAPERUN or DISKRUN)
Clock rate:
1 => 1MHz, 2 => 100KHz, 3 => 10KHz,...
10.
Scans per second
41. - 44.
Input connectors for each channel
Gain for each channel
Channel number for four D/A outputs
45.
Set-up identification
4.
5.
6.
11. - 25.
26. - 40.
(number of file from entering
data acquisition loop ie.
1 => General
2 => RSVP with NBIS conductivity
3 => CHAIN microconductivity
4 => RSVP with microconductivity
46. - 53.
Data set name
54.
55.
56.
RSVP unit number
(Tape
name or disk file name)
(1 7-bit ASCII character
57.
58.
59.
6b.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69. - 83.
84. - 128.
RSVP first
per word)
thermistor module number
RSVP second thermistor module number
RSVP
RSVP
RSVP
RSVP
conductivity module number
pressure module number
voltage regulator module number
DC/DC power module
RSVP thermistor number
RSVP conductivity sensor number
CHAIN unit number
CHAIN thermistor module number
CHAIN conductivity module number
CHAIN DC/DC power module
CHAIN thermistor number
CHAIN conductivity sensor number
Offset or gain for each channel
(zero if not specified)
Integers 84 to 128 respectively
368
VI. Processing the data
The data must be read from the tape, calibrated, manipulated
and presented in such a way that they can be used and
understood. We use an LSI 11/23 based microcomputer to
collect and to analyse the RSVP data. The programs used are
written in Fortran. Each program reads the output of the
previous stage, acts on the data and writes to disk. All
output files are in the same format so that actually (but
not logically) the programs, except for the one that reads
the magnetic tape, can be run in any order. This allows
considerable flexibility in data analysis and will allow
easy modification of the analysis process as changes are
made to the instrumentation. For instance, we expect that
the amount of filtering required will be less as changes now
being planned (section VII) are incorporated. Use of command
files make it possible to run the entire analysis with one
or two commands from the keyboard.
We have recorded the data on magnetic tape on a seven track
tape transport so that the first step is to read and unpack
the 16 bit words. Channels to be analysed are selected and
calibrated. The standard selection for FRONTS 82 is
temperature (xl and x5), conductivity (xl and for Neil Brown
equipped units x5) and depth (pressure). The program reads
the tape name, conductivity type, gains, offsets and other
required parameters from the header words on the tape. The
operator selects only the name of the output file, the tape
files to process, the depth range and the name of a file of
weights to be used to filter the depth series. The filter
used is a triangular running filter, the usual length is
nine points (O.ls or from 20 - 40 cm). Longer filters are
used if the depth record is noisy because of the voltage
regulator oscillation (section VII-a) or the absence of
analog filtering (section VII-f). Calibration coefficients
are read from a data file and applied to the data. The
calibrated data is then written to a disk to await further
processing. At this point there has been no averaging and
only the depth record has been smoothed.
The unaveraged series are next treated to remove "spikes"
inserted by the digitizer (section VII-g). A scheme to
identify spikes in terms of the difference between
successive points is used and points identified as spikes
are replaced by interpolation. This scheme is only
successful if real differences between successive points are
less than the criteria selected and if the spikes in
question are isolated points.
At this point there is a difference between the treatment of
the Neil Brown and microconductivity data. At the probe
descent rates (200 - 400 cm/s) used on FRONTS 82 the spatial
response of the Neil Brown conductivity cell and the
369
thermistor is comparable. No correction is needed to
calculate salinity, and then density from the calibrated
conductivity and temperature. The Michael Head
microconductivity sensor is much faster. Large spikes are
calculated in the salinity each time the probe passes
through a sharp temperature gradient. We are attempting to
use the microconductivity data to better understand the
thermistor response so that the temperature can be corrected
carefully before computation of the salinity. At present we
are using a much simpler and not totally satisfactory
correction.
Examination of salinity plots indicates that for
a drop speed of about 300 cm/s and sensor placement as on
the current instrument a lag of the temperature by 3.5
samples (about 0.03s) reduces the spiking. This correction
compensates for the vertical displacement of the two sensors
and partially for the relative slowness of the thermistor.
It is certainly not ideal and much work remains to be done.
It does allow the calculation of salinity and density
profiles that are useful except possibly at the smallest
scales.
The series have still not been averaged or smoothed in any
way. Spikes have been removed and the temperature series has
been modified if it is to be used with microconductivity to
calculate salinity. The temperature and conductivity series
are next filtered to remove noise above 20 Hz. A five point
weighted mean (1-3-4-3-1) is used. Sampling at 90 Hz, 60 Hz
noise is aliased to 30 Hz so that the filter is designed to
remove this frequency completely.
Five-centimeter averages of the data are computed next. At
the descent rates used on FRONTS 82 this means a 1 or 2
point average near the surface (descent rate of about 400
cm/s) increasing to 4 or more as the instrument slows.
Salinity is calculated from the five-centimeter averaged
temperature, conductivity and depth series. A polynomial
fitted to 660 points generated with the conductivity
equation of Accerboni and Mosetti (1967) with the pressure
corrections of Bradshaw and Schleicher (1965) is used for
this calculation. The standard error of this fit is 1.7
parts per million. The program used to calculate salinity
includes the options of calculating potential temperature
(Bryden,1973), density, sigma t, buoyancy frequency (using
the UNESCO high-pressure equation of state, Millero, Chen,
and the arc tangent of the
Density or sigma t and the
buoyancy frequency are routinely calculated.
Bradshaw and Schleicher,1980)
stability ratio
(Ruddick,1981).
The five-centimeter averages of temperature, salinity, and
density form the basic data set which is used in further
analysis.
370
An abbreviated procedure may be used to generate series for
plotting. Spike removal and filtering are omitted and an
averaging interval of 20 cm is used. Temperature to be used
with microconductivity must still be modified to prevent
spiking in the calculated salinity. The plots in section III
were generated in this manner.
371
VII. Equipment and software performance
Many of the problems encountered on FRONTS 82 were
Some of the variations tried clearly worked
better than others, some circuits require modification to
developmental.
work well in the complete system and some combinations
interacted badly. Other problems arose from our lack of
experience with this instrument system and with the 16 bit
analog to digital converter. For the most part the system
functioned well and choices for the final design are being
made on the basis of ease of operation and manufacture or
for the better of two acceptable alternatives.
a) Electronics
After the cruise each of the overboard electronics units was
bench tested extensively and data from each was analysed to
determine noise levels and to identify the problem areas.
Several problems have been identified and are being corrected.
1) Module connection failure
The most damaging problem was the failure of the module
hold-down system. Shrinkfit bands used to secure the modules
swelled with exposure to oil allowing modules to unplug.
in opening the case made breakage likely whenever
the probe was opened and thus compounded the problem. The
Difficulty
modules were sucessfully,
if
messily,
held in place by a
combination of Scotch 810 Magic Tape and lacing twine. The
modular concept has been required in the design and
development stage. In the future the basic RSVP circuitry
will be mounted on a single board. Modules required for
specialized applications or for further development will be
attached to a motherboard with a screw down system. The
change to single board construction will also make it easier
for less skilled personnel to build the system and reduce
construction time.
2) DC to DC power interaction with the voltage regulator
Higher noise levels were found on units 2 and 3, both of
which were powered from the surface through DC to DC
Post-cruise bench tests show that an interaction
between the DC to DC converter and the voltage regulator
resulted in a 500 - 600 mV peak-to-peak complex triangular
waveform at 1.5 kHz on the output of the voltage regulator.
This resulted in a 30 - 40 mV peak-to-peak noise on the
converters.
temperature output and for unit 3 on the direct-current
pressure output as well. Capacitors added to the voltage
regulator input lines have corrected this problem. These
capacitors are included in the schematic (Figure IV-a-10).
372
3) Sensor wiring cross talk
Unshielded wires through the nose cone were used to connect
the sensors and the electronics. The conductivity sensor is
driven at a frequency of 3 kHz. This frequency is picked up
by the temperature and adds a 6-8 mV peak-to-peak noise to
the temperature channels. Shielded cable, made as short as
possible, will be used in the future. The distance between
the sensors and the input ampilfiers will be reduced by
moving the DC to DC converter module to the top of the unit.
This will also prevent the power wires from the surface from
extending down the length of the electronics, a possible
source of additional noise.
Routine difficulties:
The difficulty in opening the units resulted in breakage of
several kinds: module failure, bent pins on modules, broken
wires on modules and motherboard, broken wires on the
instrument connector. These problems have been solved by
several modifications which make it possible to open the
instrument without struggle.
Wiring mistakes and bad solder joints occurred when sensors
were replaced. The oil coating over the instrument makes it
difficult to handle and careful cleaning with freon is
required before soldering. Increased protection of the
sensors will result in less damage and make sensor
replacement even less frequent than on FRONTS 82 where
only one thermistor and one microconductivity sensor were
replaced.
The lids of the DC/DC power chips came off, probably as a
result of cycling from the surface to 240 m, but the units
continued to operate exposed to the oil. A shield can be
purchased for this chip and as additional protection we plan
to cast it in hard epoxy.
There is an 800 kHz, 5 mV peak-to-peak noise on the
temperature channels of units with DC/DC power that is not
found in battery powered units. Since the temperature signal
is filtered at a much lower frequency before recording and
since the level is very small, this noise is not
We will use power from the surface in the
standard RSVP unit. The advantages are that it will be
unnecessary to open a unit routinely to change batteries and
we will be able to increase the voltage regulator output
level thus increasing the output voltage range.
significant.
In the past a major problem has been interaction between the
oscillators in the conductivity and the frequencymodulated pressure
circuitry.
This problem has been reduced
373
to the point that it is not evident in the processed data by
isolating the conductivity circuit. Beating as the pressure
oscillator frequency changes can still be seen on an
oscilloscope in the laboratory. Since the DC pressure module
worked well and removes any possibility of oscillator
beating this pressure circuitry will be used in the future.
Additional changes to the electronics:
1) The conductivity circuit will be changed to take
advantage of the availability of single chip differential
amplifiers and to include a single chip signal isolation
stage. Additional filtering will be done to remove the 6 kHz
ripple on the output.
2) The body diameter has been increased to 2.25" to allow
for redesign of the electronics packaging.
b) Sensors
The thermistors and the Neil Brown conductivity cells have
been used for many years and continue to behave
satisfactorily. The mounting system used on this cruise was
successful with no leaks developing after many profiles to
240 m. The FP07 thermistors used this time have a faster
time constant (and thinner glass over the bead) than the
FP14 thermistors used in the past. Only one was broken while
in use in the course of the cruise indicating that the
faster thermistors can be used. The Michael Head Systems
microconductivity probe was tried with one of our
instruments for the first time on FRONTS 82. The extremely
small size of this sensor may allow us to determine the
temperature microstructure from rapidly-falling or towed
instruments. For all of the sensors the greatest risk of
breakage occurs in handling rather than in use.
Preliminary examination of the data shows that the first
microconductivity sensor used provided usable measurements
of the salinity and that the differentiated conductivity may
be used to determine some of the parameters of the turbulent
This sensor was broken during the cruise and
replaced by another, apparently the same. With this sensor
the salinity appeared to change abruptly in the course of a
profile and surface values from closely spaced profiles
varied by several parts per thousand. It has not yet been
determined what the difference between the sensors was or
how to distinguish between them easily. Pressure tests will
be carried out on the newly acquired sensors.
mixing.
374
c) Probe mechanical design
Mechanically the RSVP instrument worked well. Better sensor
protection and easier opening are the main improvements
needed. Some design changes to make the instrument easier to
manufacture and assemble are also being made. An increase to
a 2.25"
body diameter is required to allow for redesign of
the electronics package.
Design changes for easier assembly are being made primarily
to the instrument termination. The diameter has been
increased by 0.25" to increase space for keying and other
minor modifications. This will allow lengthening the
oil-fill plug so that threads will be engaged until the
o-ring is
freed.
difficult
to assemble and unreliable. Screwed and pinned
The glued joints in this section have been
joints will be used in their place. Polyurethane will be
used for the oil-bladder as it is not affected by the freon
used to clean the
probe.
Additional drain holes have been
added to increase the speed of filling and draining the oil
from the instrument.
The major difficulty with the probe was the force required
to open the unit after it had been assembled for long
periods. Damage to the electronics occurred almost every
time the probe was opened. The o-ring compression has been
reduced slightly by deepening the grooves in which they are
mounted. A lever-type instrument opener has been built and
provisions for its use incorporated into both the redesigned
nose cone and body plug.
To prevent even the infrequent damage to sensors that
occurred on this cruise the nose cone is being redesigned.
If possible the sensors will be enclosed within the nose
cone in such a way that water circulation around the sensors
is good. At present we are considering mounting all of the
sensors into 0.25" stainless tubes and using a standard
mount similar to that used with the microconductivity.
d) Cable and termination
Six lines were used during FRONTS 82, four with 16
conductors, two with 10 conductors. Of the 16-conductor
lines two apparently failed after 100 drops, one after 400
drops and the other is still good after 120. One of the
10-conductor lines failed electrically after 145 drops, the
other snagged on the pulley and tore after 9. These
represent worse case estimates of line/termination
durability. The line was changed whenever there was any
possibility that it was failing.
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Lines which have been in salt water under pressure for
several hours and wet for days may show faults that do not
appear in laboratory tests. The same type lines will be used
on the MILDEX experiment of October/November 1983 and
additional evaluation of the lines will be made at that
time .
The termination procedure will be changed and simplified.
The safety line proved to be unnecessary and will not be
used. The line termination will be cast in one-piece and be
reusable. These changes will make the assembly easier and
the one piece construction will prevent any strain between
the two pieces.
The line is twisted in the course of each drop. The cause of
the twisting is not known. A large number of sharp bends
form in the line after 200 drops. This twisting seems to be
one of the factors limiting the lifetime of the line.
e)
Winch
The changes to the winch system are minor, mostly for ease
of operation, construction or maintenance.
The winch is mounted so that it can be turned about a
vertical axis. For this cruise the axis passed approximately
through the center of mass of the winch system. This made
mounting the winch on the ship's rail easier, however a
large force from the operator was required to keep the winch
correctly aligned. The swivel axis will be moved to the
corner between the motor and the spool in the future.
Occasionally the line overruns while free-wheeling out due
to the large inertia and low friction of the system combined
with the wave-caused motion of the ship. The slack line can
snag on any nearby protrusion including the pulley itself.
By-passing the pulley during the free-wheeling phase will
prevent snagging on it, but does not solve the fundamental
over-running problem and fouling on other obstructions can
occur. An operator with minimum training can overcome this
problem by damping out the line surges with light finger
friction on the spool.
The drive train performed as expected with no malfunctions
or excessive wear. A minor problem discovered during
teardown was compression of the long shaft at the set screw
flats, making it difficult to remove the slip rings. Smaller
set screw flats and not tightening the set screws so tightly
should prevent this problem.
oil leakage into the motor, oil seals will be
added to the clutch mount. The brake mount will be modified
to completely cover the bearing mount hole and to include a
To prevent
376
seal. With this modification the splash shield can be
eliminated.
The size of the cable spool is marginal for the amount of
cable now used. A larger spool would allow use of longer or
thicker cables as well as allowing elimination of the
line-restraint plates.
Sealed bearings have been used wherever possible to prevent
corrosion but open bearings are used on the long shaft to
decrease drag when the cable is
free-wheeling. Z RUST, used
in the winch box, apparently substantially decreased
corrosion of bearing races and gear shoulders below the
levels found after the cruise of January 1981.
The data transmission assembly functioned with no
difficulties throughout the cruise. To increase the rate at
which the slip ring housing can be filled with oil the
o-ring of the slip ring rear cap will be moved 0.5" toward
the base
line.
Filling can then be almost accomplished
before the slip ring cap is closed. Minor oil leakage was
noted in the connector mount
area.
This can be stopped by
adding an oil seal to the short shaft and o-rings to the
bearing mount and short shaft spacer.
The deck-cable connector was disconnected at the end of each
working period. Pins were occasionally bent when the cable
was reconnected. One connector had to be replaced due to an
intermittent open condition in one conductor. The present
connector will be replaced by a screw-on type requiring
redesign of the connector mount, connector bracket and plug.
It was discovered that, if
forced,
the data link connector
can be mated 180 degrees out of phase. The spool connector
housing must be completely seated in the retainer, engaging
the connector keys prior to the
keying is obvious.
o-ring,
so that the feel of
The top of the winch frame was designed to serve as the
bottom of
the electrical
box. To facilitate assembly and
maintenance a separate electrical box bottom will be used in
the future. An oil seal should be added to the motor mount
to prevent oil accumulation in the motor and fouling of the
brushes.
All aluminum parts must be heavily anodized to prevent
corrosion.
f) On-board analog electronics
There were no problems with the dual amplifier modules
during the cruise. The older amplifiers such as that used
for one of the redundant temperature channels are less
377
convenient and are being phased out. The amplified
temperature signal from the old amplifier contains bursts of
60 Hz noise presumably radiated by some equipment aboard
ship. This noise, if present at all, is much smaller on the
other temperature channel, within the noise level of the
instrument.
Some problems in data analysis were created by choices made
in setting up the on-board electronics. For FRONTS 82 the x1
and x5 output of the two temperature and the conductivity
channels were digitized and recorded. The overboard gain in
the conductivity and temperature circuits was too high for
the x5 output to remain on scale throughout a profile in the
southern region where surface water was warm. A gain of four
would have enabled the operator to offset the temperature
signal once for a working period and be assured that the
signal would remain within the proper range. The overboard
voltage range will be increased on the new model and the
onboard gains adjusted accordingly.
Direct current signals were intended to be filtered at 40 Hz
before digitizing. During the FRONTS 82 cruise the
unfiltered x1 temperature output through the old amplifier
was used instead of the x1 filtered. The DC pressure output
was also recorded unfiltered. As a result the pressure
signal required heavy digital filtering before use.
g) Analog to digital system
A/D CONVERTER:
The theoretical resolution of a 16 bit board is one part in
sixty five thousand, called a least significant bit (lsb).
In all situations, we found that, intermittently, for any
analog input the occurences of samples around the mean were
not normally distributed. For a signal with a mean of
digital value n, the digitization noise rms was 1 to 2 lsb,
but the distribution of samples around the mean had relative
peaks away from n, at n+4, n+8, n-4, n-8, or similar values.
In some cases, such peaks would be as far away from the mean
as n+16, n+32, increasing the digitization rms noise level
to 5 lsb. The spectrum of this noise is flat to 675 Hz. The
recorded signal exhibits spikes of magnitude 4, 8, 16, 32
lsb. Easily recognizable when looking at the difference
between consecutive samples, these spikes are removed during
processing (section VI).
The intermittency of the phenomenon makes it difficult to
diagnose. After trying all hardware combinations and
different softwares, we believe the noise source is the A/D
board or the computer backplane. These two possibilities
will be investigated as more hardware becomes available.
378
Changes to the digital system will include:
D/A CONVERTER:
To examine the variations of the digitized
signal in real
time, the D/A will be programmed to display the 12 lsb of
the difference between two consecutive samples if required.
MICROPROCESSOR BACKPLANE:
backplane used was bulky and badly ventilated.
backplane. The ideal
replacement would have a mechanical attachment of the
The PLESSEY
It will be replaced by a smaller
boards.
TAPE TRANSPORT:
The CIPHER 80X tape transport performed well but was damaged
on the way back to OSU. Despite manufacturer's attempts to
repair it, only 'core-dump' mode is usable. It will be
replaced by a 9-track
required.
drive, to minimize the amount of tape
DATA ACQUISITION PROGRAM CHANGES:
The data acquisition program caused
no problem.
Improvements under way are:
Replacement of ESCape by H as a control character to exit
the recording loop, making it impossible to exit
accidentally by leaving the finger on the key.
Implementation of a display subroutine to examine
data
the recorded
between drops.
D/A of the 12 lsb of the difference between
two consecutive samples for detection of digitization
Display on the
spikes.
Write-up of a complete description of the steps necessary
to change or create a set-up in the field.
379
VIII. References
Accerboni,E. and F. Mosetti (1967) A physical relationship
among salinity, temperature and electrical
conductivity of sea water, Bollettino di Geofisica IX:
87-96.
Bryden, H. (1973) New polynomials for thermal expansion, adiabatic
temperature gradient and potential temperature of sea water,
Deep Sea Research 20: 401-408.
Bradshaw, A. and K.E. Schleicher (1965) The effect of
pressure on the electrical conductance of sea water,
Deep Sea Research 12: 151-162.
Caldwell, D.R. and T.M. Dillon (1981) An oceanic microstructure
measuring system. Ref. 81-10, School of Oceanography,
Oregon State University,Corvallis OR 97331.
Gregg, M.C., J.C. Schedvin, W.C. Hess, and T.B. Meagher
(1982), Dynamic Response Calibration of the Neil Brown
conductivity cell. Journal of Physical Oceanography
12: 720-742.
Bradshaw and K.E. Schleicher (1980),
A new high pressure equation of state for sea water,
Millero, F.S., C.-T. Chen, A.
Deep Sea Research, 27: 255-364.
Ruddick, B. (1981) A practical indicator of the stability of
the water column to double-diffusive activity,
(Personal
communication).
Turner, J.S. (1973) Buoyancy effects in fluids. Cambridge
University Press.