ors go
NOV 2 2 1977
d'e.4
School of
LIBRARY
Marine Science Laboratory
Oregon State Univers'ty
OCEANOGRAPHY
A COMPILATION
OF OBSERVATIONS
FROM MOORED CURRENT METERS
Volume X
Currents, Temperature and Pressure
in the Drake Passage
During F DRAKE 75
February 1975-February 1976
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
By
R. D. Pillsbury
J. S. Bottero
R. E. Still
Data Report 67
Reference 774
August 1977
National Science Foundation
Grant No. ID074-12568 A01
School of Oceanography
Oregon State University
Corvallis, Oregon 97331
A COMPILATION
OF OBSERVATIONS
FROM MOORED CURRENT METERS
VOLUME X
CURRENTS, TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE
IN THE DRAKE PASSAGE
DURING F DRAKE 75
February 1975 - February 1976
by
R. D. Pillsbury
J. S. Bottero
R. E. Still
Data Report 67
Reference 77-8
August 1977
National Science Foundation
Grant No. ID074-12558 A01
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
Introduction
1
The Current Meter Program
1
Description of the Processed Data • • . •
3
Acknowledgments
4
References
6
Installations
Installation 2
9
Installation 4
17
Installation 8
27
Installation 9
35
Installation 10
77
Installation 12
97
Installation 14
105
Hero Bay Tide Gauge
113
Abstract
Self-recording instruments were installed in the Drake
Passage in February 1975. Approximately one-half were part
of a short-term array. Data from these short-term instruments are described in Pillsbury, Bottero and Still (1976).
This report is complementary to Report 65 and describes the
data from the long-term array.
The long-term array consisted of 2 subsurface tide
gauges, 11 Aanderaa current meters and 8 General Oceanics
current meters. The sampling interval of the instruments
was one hour. The data are shown here through pertinent
statistics, real time plots, progressive vector diagrams,
stick figures, and spectra.
1
Introduction
A field experiment designed to study circulation and transport
processes in the region of the Drake Passage began in January of 1975.
This experiment called F DRAKE 75 was a part of the International
Southern Ocean Studies (ISOS), a component of the International Decade
of Ocean Exploration. The goal of the experiment was to understand the
time and space scales of the flow near the Drake Passage. The data
collected will also contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of
water mass properties and their dynamics in this important region of the
world's oceans.
An extensive hydrographic survey of the Drake Passage region and the
western Scotia Sea was conducted as a part of F DRAKE 75. The hydrographic
and chemical data collected aboard the R/V MELVILLE and the R/V CONRAD are
available, (Anon., 1976 and Nowlin et al., 1977). The data collected aboard
the ISLAS ORCADAS are still in preparation.
The Current Meter Program
The array of current meter moorings installed in the Drake Passage is
shown in Figure 1. The array, which included 19 long-term current meters
and 2 long-term subsurface tide gauges, was installed in February 1975.
The long-term moorings were recovered in January 1976 aboard the R/V
T. G. THOMPSON. All meters were recovered with the exception of the one
on mooring 5 and the tide gauge at Cape Horn.
All of the current meter moorings were subsurface taut-wire moorings.
Their design followed in large part the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
intermediate mooring scheme (Heinmiller and Walden, 1973). Most of the
current meters used were Aanderaa RCM5's, but 8 General Oceanics winged
current meters were deployed on mooring 9. A description of the Aanderaa
meter is given in Pillsbury et al. (1974), and descriptions of the General
Oceanics meter and Aanderaa tide gauge are given in Appendices of Pillsbury,
Bottero and Still (1976).
The Aanderaa current meters recorded temperature, speed, and direction
every hour. The narrow range of temperatures expected in the Drake Passage
allowed us to restrict the range of the temperature measuring portion of
the Aanderaa current meters. Not all of our meters could be so equipped
but those which could were narrowed to -2°C to +6°C range. The resolution for
this range is ±0.008°C. The calibrations were done with an NBS traceable
quartz thermometer, and the pre- and post-calibrations agree within ±0.02°C
on average.
LATITUDE
0
60°
58°
56°S
62°S
10
•
1000
13
0
4
2000
E
•
5
2
0
a
7
12
8
•
O
14 15
• o
3000
4000
•
• •
•
••• ..•• Long Term Current Meter
• .•
•• 0 Short Term Current Meter
Tide Gauge
Figure 1. Distribution of Moored Instruments During F DRAKE 75.
3
The Aanderaa tide gauges recorded pressure averaged for 400 seconds
once every hour. The pressure gauges are capable of resolving pressure
changes resulting from 1/2 cm changes in water depth. The calibration
of the tide gauges was done by Aanderaa Instruments Ltd., Victoria,
B. C., Canada, using a Barnet dead weight tester.
OSU current meters and tide gauges were calibrated before and after
the experiment. All measuring units exhibited satisfactory reproducible
data. The method of calibration and subsequent procedure of data processing
are generally described in Pillsbury et al. (1974). The length of the
record for each meter is shown in Figure 2.
Station
2
4
8
10
277Im
u,v,T
I337m
T
1837m
T
2837m
u,v,T
274Im
u,v,T
10I9m
u,v
T
1519 m
uv
,,T
25I9m
u,v,T
12
2604m
14
2667m
u,v
T
vtaMieRMOSS89:2MOMMOMEMOSS
u,v,T
Hero Boy Tide Gauge
F
J
1975
1976
Figure 2. Operation time of the long-term moorings during F DRAKE 75.
Description of the Processed Data
Data from each installation are presented separately. The header page
gives information about the location of the string, the data interval, and
a general statement about the kind and quality of the data. The depth of the
meters in this experiment is subject to greater errors than we would like.
None of the meters were equipped with pressure sensors. The bathymetry near
each mooring showed a good deal of local relief. A small scale bathymetric
4
survey was done for many of the moorings and where this was done, with the
assumption of a 10% mooring length fallback the depths are probably within
50 m of the depth indicated. The header page indicates our best estimate
of the depth and the accuracy of that depth.
Each meter has a serial number assigned to it by the manufacturer.
Each successive tape recorded by that machine is numbered with the serial
number and the tape number. Thus, 485/10 indicates the tenth tape from
machine number 485.
The table of statistics following the header page gives the arithmetic
mean, the standard deviation, the skewness, kurtosis, the maximum value,
the minimum value, and the number of hourly values. V is the true northsouth component and U is the true east-west component.
Real time plots of the data follow the table of statistics. Data
were taken each hour and plots which show each point are too long to be
easily included in this report. To reduce the plots the data were filtered
with a 60+1+60 point Cosine-Lanczos filter with a half-amplitude at 34.3
hours and half power at 40 hours. The data points output by the filter
program are at 6 hour intervals. This filter was designed to remove both
tidal and inertial oscillations from the data.
The real time plots and stick figures are not presented in a true
north-south, east-west coordinate system (Figure 3). The axes have been
rotated by 62° clockwise to conform to flow parallel and perpendicular to
the hydrographic sections. These directions correspond to through-Passage
and cross-Passage directions. The U component is the cross-Passage one,
and the V component is the through-Passage component. Positive rotated
V is toward the northeast and positive rotated U is toward the southeast.
In the case of the stick figures the positive axis corresponds to +V.
In the General Oceanics current meter a watch is photographed each
time the tilt and direction are photographed. Because the watch was known
to be more accurate than the camera timer, each sample time is taken from
the time indicated by the watch. There was a nonuniform spacing of these
sample times, and in order to simplify the analysis, the data were interpolated to a uniform sample interval. The description of the interpolation
scheme is given in Pillsbury, Bottero and Still (1976).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The funds for the program came from the National Science Foundation
grant ID074-12558 A01, a support which is gratefully acknowledged. Many
5
North
East
Figure 3. The coordinate system rotation used for velocity components.
6
thanks go to B. Moore and D. Barstow for the calibration and preparation
of the instruments. Appreciation also is expressed to D. Root and W. E.
Gilbert for their assistance in the data processing.
REFERENCES
Anon. 1976. CONRAD 18-01 February 2 to March 12, 1975. F DRAKE a
component of ISOS. Data Report.
Heinmiller, R. G. and R. G. Walden. 1973. Details of Woods Hole moorings.
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Technical Report 73-71. 19 pp.
Nowlin, W. D., T. Whitworth, L. I. Gordon and G. Anderson. 1977.
Oceanographic station data collected aboard R/V MELVILLE during
F DRAKE 75. Texas AM University, Department of Oceanography,
College Station. Reference 77-2-D.
Pillsbury, R. D., J. S. Bottero and R. E. Still. 1976. A Compilation
of Observations from Moored Current Meters, Vol. IX, Currents,
Temperature and Pressure in the Drake Passage During F DRAKE 75,
January - March 1975. Oregon State University, School of Oceanography,
Corvallis. Data Report 65. Reference 76-6.
Pillsbury, R. D., J. S. Bottero, R. E. Still and W. E. Gilbert. 1974.
A Compilation of Observations from Moored Current Meters, Vol. VI,
Oregon Continental Shelf, April - October 1972. Oregon State
University, School of Oceanography, Corvallis. Data Report 57.
Reference 74-2.
INSTALLATIONS
1975 F DRAKE Installation 2
Position: 57°03.9°S, 66°05.7'W
Depth of Water: 3871 m
Set at 2208 UCT 21 February 1975 by R/V MELVILLE
Retrieved at 1320 UCT 7 February 1976 by R/V T. G. THOMPSON
Data Interval: 0241 UCT 22 February 1975 to 0741 UCT 10 December 1975
Instrumentation
Intended Depth
RCM5 Serial No./Tape No.
2771 m
1236/5
Data were recorded at one hour intervals. Temperature, current
speed and direction were measured until the instrument malfunctioned
on 10 December 1975.
10
STATION TWO
2771 m
MEAN
S.D.
SKEW
S (cm/sec)
16.6
9.3
U (cm/sec)
-0.4
V (cm/sec)
-1.0
T Water (C)
1.87
KURT
MAX
0.5
2.6
49.7
0.7
6990
12.4
0.4
3.5
42.4
-36.7
6990
14.4
0.2
3.0
42.2
-48.0
6990
-0.83
4.56
0.07
2.06
MIN
1.51
N
6990
11
-125
2771 M AT F DRAKE SIN 2. 291.2 DAYS STARTING 0241 22 FEB 75
4° T
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 2771 METERS AT STN 2. TAPE 1236/S
-40
1
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 2771 METERS AT SIN 2. TAPE 1236/5
40
20
T
0
-20
-40 J.
1
MAR
1
APR
1
MAT
1
JUN
1
JUL
ROTATED CURRENT. 2771 METERS AT STN 2. TAPE 1236/5
1
RUC
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DE:
2.50
2.25
1. 5C
MAW
1
APR
1
MAY
1
JUN
TEMPER1TURE. 2771 METERS PT STN 2. TAPE 1236/5
1
JUL
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
LLP CURRENT PT 2771 M, STN 2. ENDPT DETREND. DT = 24 HRS.
90 -
80 -
70 -
60 -
50 -
40 -
30 -
20 -
10
0
0.1
0.01
0 .0 01
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DRY
0.01
0,1
17
1975 F DRAKE Installation 4
Position: 57°46.8'S, 64°54.0'W
Depth of Water: 3137 m
Set at 1348 UCT 23 February 1975 by R/V MELVILLE
Retrieved at 1014 UCT 4 February 1976 by R/V T. G. THOMPSON
Data Interval: 1615 UCT 23 February 1975 to 2312 UCT 31 January 1976
Instrumentation
Intended Depth
RCM5 Serial No./Tape No.
1337 m
1837 m
2837 m
1237/5
12 38/ 6
1239/5
Data were recorded at one hour intervals. Speed failed on instruments at 1337 m and at 1837 m at the time of installation. Direction
failed at 1337 m at 0917 UCT 3 December 1975, but good temperature
data are recorded until 1117 UCT 26 December 1975. Direction
failed at 1837 m at 0915 UCT 28 December 1975, but good temperature
data are recorded until 0115 UCT 14 January 1976.
18
STATION FOUR
1337 m
MEAN
T Water (C)
2.13
MAX
S.D.
SKEW
KURT
0.12
-0.79
3.13
2.39
1.78
7340
2.55
2.16
1.41
7786
MIN
1837 m
T Water (C)
1.80
0.14
-0.46
2837 m
S (cm/sec)
6.8
4.8
1.4
5.7
35.6
0.7
8215
U (cm/sec)
-2.9
6.3
-0.3
4.1
25.8
-34.4
8215
V (cm/sec)
1.2
4.4
0.0
3.6
18.7
-16.7
8215
T Water (C)
1.21
0.14
1.03
4.25
1.86
0.97
8215
- 450
-900
-750
-600
-450
-300
150
-150
- -150
2837 M AT F DRAKE STN 4. 342,3 DAYS STARTING 1712 23 FEB 75
20
10
C
-10
-20
-30
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 2637 METERS AT SIN 4. TAPE 1239/5
10
tJ
FtOTATED V COMPONENT. 2837 METERS AT STN 4. TAPE 1239/5
1
MAR
1
APR
1
MAT
1
JUN
1
JUL
ROTATED CURRENT. 2837 METERS AT STN 4. TAPE 1239/S
1
AUG
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
1
JAN
1
FE3
2.50 -
2.25
2.00
1.75
MAR
APR
MAY
1
JUN
TEMPERATURE. 1337 METERS AT STN 4. TAPE 1237/5
1
JUL
1
Rua
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
2.25
2.00
1.75
1 . SO
1.25
1
MRR
1
FPR
1
MAT
1
JUN
luirtRATURE. 1837 METERS AT STN 4. TAPE 1238/6
1
JUL
1
FUG
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
1
C 75
1
MAR
1
APR
1
MAY
1
JUN
TEMPERATURE. 2637 METERS AT STN 4. TAPE 1239/5
1
JUL
1
RUG
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
1
JRN
LLP CURRENT AT 2837 M, STN 4. ENDPT DETREND. DT = 24 HRS.
12.5
10.0
7.5
5.0
2.5
0.0
III
1
i
i
i
1
i
11111111
0.1
I
111111111
0.01
0.001
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DAY
0.01
0.1
1
27
1975 F DRAKE Installation 8
Position: 59°09.3'S, 64°00.0'W
Depth of Water: 3841 m
Set at 0159 UCT 25 February 1975 by R/V MELVILLE
Retrieved at 0824 UCT 11 February 1976 by R/V T. G. THOMPSON
Data Interval: 0413 UCT 25 February 1975 to 0813 UCT 11 February 1976
Instrumentation
Intended Depth
RCM5 Serial No./Tape No.
2741 m
1241/5
28
STATION EIGHT
2741 m
MEAN
S.D.
SKEW
KURT
MAX
S (cm/sec)
7.1
4.2
1.1
4.8
27.2
0.7
8429
U (cm/sec)
2.7
5.2
-0.1
4.7
24.1
-21.4
8429
V (cm/sec)
2.9
5.0
0.1
3.9
25.0
-17.3
8429
T Water (C)
0.95
0.15
-0.03
2.23
1.33
MIN
0.60
N
8429
29
- 900
- 750
-600
450
- 300
- 150
- -150
2741 M AT F MAKE STN 8. 351.2 DRYS STARTING 0413 25 FEB 75
2C -
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 2741 METERS RT STN S. TAPE 1241/5
1
SEP
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 2741 METERS AT STN S. TAPE 1241/5
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
EC
1C
a
-1O
-20
PAR
1
APR
1
MAY
1
JUN
1
JUL
ROTATE° CURRENT. 2241 PETERS ST STN 6. TAPE 1241/5
1
PUG
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
CEC
1
JAN
FEE
1.50
1.25
1.00
0. 75
nrIR
APR
nnT
TEMPERATURE. 2741 METERS AT STN
JUN
8.
TAPE 1241/5
JUL
(WC
1
SEP
OCT
1
NOV
OEC
JAN
LLP CURRENT AT 2741 M, STN 8. ENDPT DETREND. DT = 24 HRS.
15.0 -
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DAY
35
1975 F DRAKE Installation 9
Position: 59°26.8'S, 63°34.5'W
Depth of Water: 3880 m
Set at 1007 UCT 19 March 1975 by R/V MELVILLE
Recovered at 1125 UCT 11 February 1976 by R/V T. G. THOMPSON
Data Interval: 1435 UCT 19 March 1975 to 1745 UCT 15 August 1975
Instrumentation
Intended Depth
200
300
700
1200
1700
2200
2700
3200
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
General Oceanics Meter
R
L
T
P
M
N
0
Data were recorded at one hour intervals. Current speed and
direction were measured. All instruments operated but for
varying time intervals. R operated for only 8 days while P
operated until mid-August. Scales used in PVD's, spectra and
real time plots are correspondingly different.
36
STATION NINE
200 m
MEAN
S.D.
SKEW
KURT
MAX
S (cm/sec)
22.3
6.8
-0.5
3.0
39.7
1.3
795
U (cm/sec)
14.8
8.1
0.2
3.6
39.7
-7.4
795
V (cm/sec)
13.8
8.2
-0.4
2.8
33.1
-10.3
795
MIN
300 m
S (cm/sec)
18.6
0.6
-1.0
3.4
19.4
17.0
380
U (cm/sec)
-11.1
8.7
1.7
5.4
17.1
-19.4
380
V (cm/sec)
-6.5
10.3
0.9
2.6
18.1
-18.8
380
700 m
S (cm/sec)
19.4
2.7
-1.5
8.0
30.0
2.6
1015
U (cm/sec)
-4.9
13.1
0.9
2.1
27.6
-19.9
1015
V (cm/sec)
-8.1
11.2
0.8
2.0
20.7
-21.0
1015
1200 m
S (cm/sec)
8.9
4.8
0.3
2.0
26.7
1.3
3579
U (cm/sec)
3.6
7.1
0.0
2.2
25.4
-17.0
3579
V (cm/sec)
1.7
6.0
0.3
2.6
24.8
-15.0
3579
1700 m
S (cm/sec)
9.0
4.5
0.3
2.6
30.0
1.3
1626
U (cm/sec)
4.9
5.6
-0.1
2.3
24.3
-8.5
1626
V (cm/sec)
4.4
5.0
0.1
2.7
22.3
-10.0
1626
37
2200 m
S (cm/sec)
6.5
3.2
0.7
3.1
17.0
1.3
938
U (cm/sec)
0.4
5.3
0.9
2.8
14.7
-8.8
938
V (cm/sec)
-0.4
5.0
0.5
2.4
12.6
-10.2
938
2700 m
S (cm/sec)
5.9
2.3
-0.2
2.2
11.3
1.3
307
U (cm/sec)
-1.2
4.4
0.2
1.9
8.0
-8.5
307
V (cm/sec)
-1.2
4.2
0.6
2.9
11.0
-10.0
307
3200 m
S (cm/sec)
11.6
1.5
0.1
2.3
15.1
8.2
149
U (cm/sec)
-4.4
7.4
0.5
1.9
11.2
-13.7
149
V (cm/sec)
3.3
7.2
-0.8
2.3
13.4
-14.0
149
38
- 400
I-
-80
80
160
240
320
- -80
200 M AT FDRAKE SIN 9. 33.1 DAYS STARTING 1545 19 MAR 75
400
480
39
300 M AT FDRAKE SIN 9. 7.9 DAYS STARTING 1435 19 MAR 75
40
-360
-300
-240
-180
-120
-60
60
- 60
-120
- 180
- 240
- 300
-360
-420
700 M AT FDRAKE STN 9, 42.3 DAYS STARTING 1545 19 MAR 75
41
300
--100
1200 M AT FDRAKE STN 9, 149.1 DAYS STARTING 1545 19 MAR 75
42
300
-60
60
120
180
240
--60
1700 M AT FDRAKE STN 9. 67.7 DAYS STARTING 1540 19 MAR 75
300
43
2200 M AT FORME STN 9. 19.5 DAYS STARTING 1830 19 MAR 75
44
4
-20
-16
-12
-8
4
-4
- -4
- -8
- -12
- -16
- -20
2700 M AT FDRAKE STN 9. 12.8 DAYS STARTING 1440 19 MAR 75
45
-20
- -10
3200 M AT FDRAKE STN 9. 6.2 DAYS STARTING 1440 19 MAR 75
46
10
a)
r
0
-10
-20
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 200 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. R
47
0)
-10
-20 -
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 300 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. L
48
20
10
0)
-10
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 700 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. T
49
20
10
1
1
MAY
JUN
1T
JUL
-10
-20
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 1200 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. P
1
AUG
50
10
-10
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 1700 METERS AT STN 9. C.O. M
51
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 2200 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. N
52
U
co
4.)
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 2700 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. 0
53
1. 0 -
0
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 3200 METERS AT STN 9.
G.O. Z
54
30
20
C_)
Ct)
C-)
10
O
1
APR
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 200 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. R
55
10
La
-10
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 300 METERS AT STN 9. C.O. L
56
30
20
10
0
1
APR
1
MAY
-3.0 -
-30 -
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 700 METERS AT STN 9. C.O. T
57
20
10
—1 0
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 1200 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. P
58
20
-
10
C.)
LLI
0)
N..
C.)
0
1
APR
1
MAY
-1 0
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 1200 METERS AT STN 9. C.O. M
59
20
10
E
U
-1 0
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 2200 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. N
60
10
0)
0
0
1
APR
-1 0
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 2700 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. 0
61
20 —
c.)
LLI
a)
10
U
0
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 3200 METERS AT STN 9. C.O. Z
62
0
co
1
APR
ROTATED CURRENT. 200 METERS AT STN 9. C.O. R
63
10 -
U)
zU
-10
ROTATED CURRENT. 300 METERS AT STN 9. C.O. L
64
20
1
_
10 -
0
0)
-
-20 -
-30 -
1
APR
1
MAY
ROTATED CURRENT. 700 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. T
20
10
U
U)
0
-1 0
1.
APR
1
MAT
1
JUN
1
JUL
ROTATED CURRENT. 1200 METERS AT STN 9. G.O.
1
AUG
66
20 -
10
U)
t)
0
-10
1
APR
1
MAY
ROTATED CURRENT. 1700 METERS AT STN 9.
G.O.
m
67
10 -
0
-10
1
PPR
ROTPTED CURRENT. 2200 METERS PT STN 9. C.O. N
68
10
E
0
-1 0 -
1
APR
ROTATED CURRENT. 2700 METERS AT STN 9. C.O. 0
69
20
LLI
0)
E
10
0
ROTATED CURRENT. 3200 METERS AT STN 9. G.O. Z
ROTARY SPECTRUM
200 M AT FDRAKE SIN P. 19 MAR 75 TO 21 APR 75. G.O. R
VOW
5000 -
4000 -
3000
2000
1000 -
0
-8011.--""..411011.1.1!"1111111016-4111101-,
-0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02
0.02
FREQUENCY, CYCLES PER HOUR
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
ROTARY SPECTRUM
700 M AT FDRAKE STN 9. 19 MAR 75 TO 30 APR 75. G.O. T
30000 -
25000 -
20000 -
15000 -
10000 -
5000 -
0
-0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02
0
0.02
FREQUENCY, CYCLES PER HOUR
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
ROTARY SPECTRUM
1700 M AT FORAKE STN 9. 19 MAR 75 TO 22 APR 75. G.O. M
1500
1250
-
1000
750
-
500
-
250
-
0
4.
004emOkhx•el PrO44a.. 1
1
44dirbi+4414Y%/141%0444ddi#Yr
1
-0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02
FREQUENCY, CYCLES PER HOUR
ROTARY SPECTRUM
2200 M AT FDRAKE STN 9. 20 MAR 75 TO 7 APR 75. G.O. N
-0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02
0
0,02
FREQUENCY, CYCLES PER HOUR
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
ROTARY SPECTRUM
2700 M AT FDRAKE STN 9. 19 MAR 75 TO 1 APR 75. G.O. 0
700 -
600 -
500 -
-0.12 -0.10 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02
0
0.02
FREQUENCY, CYCLES PER HOUR
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
LLP CURRENT AT 1200 M, STN 9. DT = 24 HRS.
10000
1000
100
10
0.1
III 11 1
1
I
I
1111 1 1 1 1
0.1
1111 1 I I
0.01
1
I
1
0.001
I
11 111111
0.01
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DAY
1
1
1 1 1 1111
0.1
I
1
11
1111
1
LLP CURRENT AT 1200 M, STN 9. DT = 24 HRS.
CT)
25 -
20 -
I II 1 1 1 1
1
1
1111 1 1 1
1
1
1
1
I
1 1 1 1111
0.001
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DAY
0
.0 1
11
1 I I I III
0
.1
1
1.
77
1975 F DRAKE Installation 10
Position: 59°46.8'S, 63°19.0'W
Depth of Water: 3569 m
Set at 1355 UCT 25 February 1975 by R/V MELVILLE
Retrieved at 1200 UCT 12 February 1976 by R/V T. G. THOMPSON
Data Interval: 1905 UCT 25 February 1975 to 1106 UCT 12 February 1976
Instrumentation
Intended Depth
RCM5 Serial No./Tape No.
1019 m
1519 m
2519 m
1242/5
1243/5
1244/5
Data were recorded at one hour intervals. Direction failed at
0609 UCT 12 October 1975 on instrument 1242, but temperature data
are good until 1509 UCT 28 November 1975. Both 1243 and 1244
operated until retrieved.
78
STATION TEN
1019 m
MEAN
S.D.
S (cm/sec)
11.3
7.1
U (cm/sec)
3.4
V (cm/sec)
T Water (C)
SKEW
KURT
MAX
1.0
4.7
44.3
0.7
6604
7.7
-0.5
4.2
31.9
-29.2
5484
8.6
6.9
0.9
4.5
37.8
-8.2
5484
1.81
0.16
-0.86
5.46
2.19
MIN
N
1.20
6621
1519 m
S (cm/sec)
9.7
5.7
1.2
5.6
40.4
0.7
8441
U (cm/sec)
1.9
6.6
-0.4
4.0
29.1
-24.4
8441
V (cm/sec)
6.8
5.8
0.9
5.4
35.9
-9.8
8441
T Water (C)
1.42
0.16
-0.15
4.96
1.93
0.91
8441
2519 m
S (cm/sec)
7.4
4.7
1.8
8.5
41.5
0.7
8441
U (cm/sec)
-0.3
4.5
-0.6
6.0
20.3
-28.0
8441
V (cm/sec)
5.9
4.6
1.3
7.4
38.2
-6.5
8441
T Water (C)
0.77
0.12
0.87
5.12
1.19
0.47
8441
79
-1800
300
-300
600
900
--300
1019 M AT F DRAKE STN 10. 228._5 DAYS STARTING 1909 25 FEB 7S
80
-2100
300
-300
600
- -300
1519 M AT F DRAKE STN 10. 351.7 DAYS STARTING 1906 25 FEB 7S
81
-300
300
2519 M AT F DRAKE STN 10. 35i.7 OATS STARTING 1905 25 FEB
75
10
-10
-30
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 1019 METERS AT STN 10. TAPE 1242/5
-30
RCTPTED U COMPONENT. 1519 METERS PT STN 10. TAPE 1243/5
10
0
-1C
-7C
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 2519 METERS PT STN 10. TAPE 1244/5
40
-20
ROTATED V COMPCNENT. 1019 METERS AT SIN 10. TAPE 1242/S
30
20
10
-13
-20
1
R0TATE0 V COMPONENT. 1519 METERS PT STN 10. TAPE 1243/5
-20
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 2519 METERS PT STN 10. TAPE 1244/5
40
1
MAR
1
APR
1
MAT
1
JUN
1
JUL
R0TAT20 CURRENT. 1019 METERS AT STN 10. TAPE 1242/5
1
AU&
1
SEP
1
OCT
30
1
r1;7R
1
APR
1
MAY
1
JUN
1
JUL
ROTATEC CURRENT. 1519 METERS PT STN 10. TAPE 1243/5
1
nua
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
1
JAN
rE5
20
10
-11
-20
1
MAR
1
APR
1
MAT
1
JUN
1
JUL
ROTATED CURRENT. 2519 METERS AT STN IC. TARE 1244/S
1
nuc
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
oEc
1
JAN
FED
2.25 -
2.00
1.73
1.50
1.25
1.00 1'
nRR
1
APR
1
MAY
1
JUN
1
JUL
TEnRERATURE. 1019 METERS AT STN 10. TAPE 1242/5
1
AUC
1
SEP
1
OCT
NOV
2.00
1.75
1.25
1.00 1
0.75
t
1
CSK
1
APR
1
MAT
1
JUN
1
JUL
TE1PERRTURE. 1519 STIER'S AT STN 10. TAPE 1243/5
1
AUG
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
DEC
7.7
1.25
r
1 . CO
0.50
0.25
1
OCT
TEMPERATURE. 2519 METERS AT STN 10. TAPE 12,14/5
1
NOV
1
DEC
1
JAN
FED
LLP CURRENT AT 1019 M, STN 10, ENDPT DETREND. DT = 24 HRS.
40 -
30
20
10
0
1111 11
1
111111
0.1
1
1
I
II 1 1 1
0.01
1
1
1
I
1
I
1
1
1 11111
0.001
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DAY
0.01
1
1
I
\\;\.N*14%14
I I I I 11
I I
1 1 1 1 11
0.1
1
LLP CURRENT AT 1519 M, STN 10. ENDPT DETREND. DT = 24 HR3
25 -
20
15 -
111111
0.1
1
1
1
11111
0.01
1
1
t
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.001
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DAY
11111
0.01
1
1
1
111111
0.1
LLP CURRENT AT 2519 M, STN 10. ENOPT DETREND. DT = 24 MRS.
t.0
rn
12.5-
10.0-
7 .5 -
5.0 -
2.5 -
0.0
Hill
1
1
#
0.1
0.01
0.001
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DAY
0.01
0.1
1
111111
1
97
1975 F DRAKE Installation 12
Position: 60°23.5'S, 63°36.5'W
Depth of Water: 3729 m
Set at 0209 UCT 26 February 1975 by R/V MELVILLE
Retrieved at 1851 UCT 13 February 1976 by R/V T. G. THOMPSON
Data Interval: 0511 UCT 26 February 1975 to 0911 UCT 23 November 1975
Instrumentation
Intended Depth
RCM5 Serial No./Tape No.
2604 m
1245/5
Data were recorded at one hour intervals. Direction failed at
0011 UCT 7 November 1975, but temperature data are good until
0911 UCT 23 November 1975.
98
STATION TWELVE
2604 m
MEAN
S.D.
SKEW
KURT
MAX
MIN
S (cm/sec)
6.6
4.4
1.0
4.2
29.0
0.7
6485
U (cm/sec)
-1.5
4.6
-0.6
4.3
16.1
-21.3
6091
V (cm/sec)
4.4
4.6
0.7
4.0
26.2
-11.4
6091
T Water (C)
0.65
0.06
-0.51
3.32
0.79
0.47
6485
99
- 1 050
- 900
-750
- 600
- 450
-450
-300
150
-150
- -150
2604 M AT F MAKE STN 12.
253.8 OATS STARTING 0511 26 FEB 75
10
0
—1 0
—20
—30
ROTRTEO U COMPONEN T . 2604 METERS RT STN 12. TAPE 1245/5
-20
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 2604 METERS AT STN 12. TAPE 1245/5
20
-20
1
MPR
1
RPR
1
MAY
1
JUN
1
JUL
ROTATED CURRENT. 2604 METERS AT STN 12. TAPE 1245/5
1
RUC
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1 .00
w
0.75
0-50
0-25
1
MAR
1
APR
1
MAT
1
JUN
1
JUL
TEMPERATURE. 2604 METERS AT STN 12. TAPE 1245/5
1
RUG
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
LLP CURRENT AT 2604 M, STN 12. ENDPT DETREND. DT = 24 HRS.
0.1
0 .01
0.001
FREQUENCY. CYCLES/DRY
0 .01
0 .1
105
1975 F DRAKE Installation 14
Position: 61°03.1'S, 61°52.5'W
Depth of Water: 3617 m
Set at 2148 UCT 26 February 1975 by R/V MELVILLE
Retrieved at 1241 UCT 14 February 1976 by R/V T. G. THOMPSON
Data Interval: 0020 UCT 27 February 1975 to 0520 UCT 14 February 1976
Instrumentation
Intended Depth
RCM5 Serial No./Tape No.
2667 m
497/29
Data were recorded at one hour intervals. Direction failed at
1420 UCT 24 January 1976, but temperature data are good until
0520 UCT 14 February 1976.
106
STATION FOURTEEN
2667 m
MEAN
S.D.
SKEW
KURT
MAX
MIN
N
S (cm/sec)
7.8
4.8
0.7
3.1
27.5
0.7
8454
U (cm/sec)
5.5
6.0
0.2
2.9
26.8
-11.5
7959
V (cm/sec)
0.4
4.2
-0.2
4.1
16.1
-17.7
7959
T Water (C)
0.59
0.05
0.29
3.19
0.75
0.46
8454
250
-250
-250
2667 M AT F DRAKE STN 14. 331.6 DAYS STARTING 0020 27 FEB 75
10
0,
0
-1 0
-20
ROTATED U COMPONENT. 2667 METERS RT STN 14. TAPE 497/29
30 -
20
10
0
-10
ROTATED V COMPONENT. 2667 METERS AT STN 14. TAPE 497/29
30
20
10
0
-1 0
MFIR
1
APR
risT
JUN
JUL
ROTATED CURRENT. 2667 METERS AT STN 14. TAPE 497/29
AUC
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
1
JPIN
0 .75
0 .50
0 . ZS
1
MAR
1
APR
1
MAY
1
JUN
1
JUL
TEMPERATURE. 2667 METERS ST STN 14. TAPE 477/29
1
RUG
1
SEP
1
OCT
1
NOV
1
DEC
1
JAM
FE5
LLP CURRENT AT 2667 M, STN 14. ENDPT DETREND. DT = 24 HRS.
20
15
10
5
111 1)11I
0.1
0.01
I
I
1
i
11
0.001
FREQUENCY, CYCLES/DAY
1 1111
0.01
1
I
III 1111
0.1
1
113
1975 F DRAKE Hero Bay Tide Gauge
Position: 62°27.8'S, 60°26.5'W
Depth of water: 91 m
Set at 1754 UCT 27 February 1975 by R/V MELVILLE
Retrieved at 1600 UCT 16 February 1976 by R/V T. G. THOMPSON
Data Interval: 1813 UCT 27 February 1975 to 0013 UCT 14 May 1975
Instrumentation
Intended Depth
91 m
TG Serial No./Tape No.
51/2
The instrument recorded pressure every hour. The pressure recorded
was integrated for 400 seconds by the tide gauge electronics so
that each hourly value is an average for 400 seconds just prior
to the hour recorded. Included in the plots are a real time
plot and a low-low passed plot where a filter with a half-power
point of 40 hours has been used. For ease of comparison a
filtered plot to the same scale of the Cape Horn data from
Pillsbury, Bottero and Still (1976) has been included.
114
Tide Gauge at Hero Bay
P (m)
MEAN
S.D.
SKEW
KURT
MAX
MIN
92.8
0.3
-0.5
2.8
93.5
91.8
1807
94
93
0)
oc
14.1
92
91
11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
1
MAR
1
APR
F DRAKE 75. DEPTH OF TIDE GAUGE 51 AT HERO BAY.
1
MAY
93.0 -
92.9 -
92.7
1
MAR
APR
F DRAKE 75. LLP DEPTH OF TIDE GAUGE 51 AT HERO BAY.
1
MAY
117
108.6 —
108.5
nc
F-w
108.4
E
108.3
108.2
1
MAR
LLP TG52 AT CAPE HORN