Mobile Broadband
Everywhere:
Impact of the Spectrum Harmonisation
Wladimir Bocquet
Deputy Director
Strategy & International Planning
Group Spectrum Office
wladimir.bocquet@orange-ftgroup.com
August 24-26, 2009
Agenda
1
2
3
4
2
General introduction
Concept of Mobile Broadband
Importance of spectrum harmonisation
Next steps & Conclusion
Orange – FT Group: Where we are?
end
end Q3
Q3 2008
2008
ƒƒ 118
118 M
M mobile
mobile
ƒƒ 12
12 M
M fixed
fixed broadband
broadband
3
Îserving - consumers in 27 countries
- corporates in 220 countries and territories
Background:
better understanding of mobile data traffic in Europe
significant increase of voice + data traffic
ƒ
traffic growth driven by
– new Mobile Broadband capable devices
– Increase in term of penetration
cumulated mobile data traffic in France,
UK, Spain and Poland: 12 month evolution
400
% of laptops connected with Mobile Broadband
40,0%
350
30,0%
300
20,0%
250
10,0%
200
0,0%
150
2007
2008
Strategy Analytics
4
in March 2008, ~60%
of Orange France
mobile data traffic was
already on 3G network
2009
2010
2011
Lehman
100
Oct-07
Oct-08
Background:
mobile broadband subscription growth in Eastern Europe
ƒ
445 million GSM & WCDMA-HSPA
ƒ
Including over 12 million WCDMA-HSPA subscriptions
IMT is a key element for Mobile Broadband
Subscribers (Million)
500
400
300
200
Dec ‘05
5
Dec ‘06
Dec ‘07
Dec ‘08
Source: GSMA & GSA
Agenda
1
2
3
4
6
General introduction
Concept of Mobile Broadband
Importance of spectrum harmonisation
Next steps & Conclusion
What is Broadband?
Importance of Spectrum & Technology
system = bandwidth x spectrum efficiency
Spectrum Regulation
(ITU-R and regional organisations)
Allocated IMT bands
2 GHz
1 GHz
450 MHz
IMT
IMT
IMT
3 GHz
7
IMT
IMT
IMT
IMT
Technology and Standards
Mobile Broadband:
A global trend toward LTE
beyond 3G
3GPP
wide
area
mobility
LTE
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
HSPA
UMTS
HSPA+ HSPA R8
802.16m
802.16e
short
range
mobility
WiMAX
802.16-2004
Wifi
802.11g
fixed
10 kbps
1 Mbps
802.11n
802.11vht
100 Mbps
peak rate
8
Mobile Broadband:
Radio efficiency improves regularly with new features
average carrier capacity in Mbps
without receiver diversity
with receiver diversity
x ~15
R99
2004
R5.1
R5
R5
R6
R6
R7
R8
1.8 Mbps
3.6 Mbps
3.6 Mbps
7.2 Mbps
14.4 Mbps
28 Mbps
LTE
Rake
Rake
Rake
LMMSE
LMMSE
MIMO 2X
MIMO 2X
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2012
ƒ
Improvement requires devices at the same level of standard to achieve full capability
ƒ
Some devices features greatly influence capacity, notably receiver diversity and
advanced receiver
9
Agenda
1
2
3
4
10
General introduction
Concept of Mobile Broadband
Importance of spectrum harmonisation
Next steps & Conclusion
Why do we need harmonisation?
ƒ
Harmonisation is still key
– Harmonising spectrum has been the bedrock of the success of
technologies such as GSM by driving equipment & device
economies of scale
– The process of releasing more spectrum has, however, highlighted
the difficulties of harmonising both spectrum allocation & bandplans across regions
– Concerted efforts are needed by national & international regulators
to limit any differences on spectrum licensing
Maximising technology economies of scale through spectrum
harmonisation and ensuring effective link between spectrum
strategy & device availability is key
11
Spectrum Harmonisation & Mobile Broadband:
The customer perspectives
customer benefit
from the Spectrum Harmonisation
efficiency
serenity
ƒ always connected / distant
presence
ƒ acceleration of transactions
ƒ time ambivalence, hyper life
ƒ network valuation
ƒ abundance promise
ƒ peace of mind / simplicity
ƒ security and privacy
flexibility
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
12
customer behaviour
with Mobile Broadband
Access to common contents
Large device offer
FMS/FMC
Facilitate roaming
entertainment
ƒ on demand (content & services)
ƒ me and my communities
ƒ from mass media to my media
ethics and involvement
ƒ responsible purchase
ƒ CO2 footprint lowering
ƒ information transparency
Spectrum Harmonisation: A time consuming process
Time to achieve regional & international spectrum harmonization
is about several years from start to commercial volumes
Example
Example of
of the
the IMT
IMT systems
systems
ƒƒ1985:
1985: SG8
SG8 IWP8/13
IWP8/13 Established
Established in
in ITU
ITU CCIR
CCIR for
for initial
initial study
study of
of FPLMTS
FPLMTS
ƒƒ1992:
1992: WARC’92
WARC’92 allocated
allocated 230MHz
230MHz for
for IMT-2000
IMT-2000 in
in 2GHz
2GHz band:
band:
More than 20 years
to harmonise IMT
–– 1885-2025
1885-2025 MHz
MHz
–– 2110-2200
MHz
2110-2200 MHz
ƒƒ1997:
1997: FPLMTS
FPLMTS renamed
renamed to
to IMT-2000
IMT-2000 && Study
Study of
of introduction
introduction of
of family
family concept
concept started
started
ƒƒ 2000:
2000: IMT.RSPC
IMT.RSPC (M.1457)
(M.1457) detailed
detailed specification
specification of
of five
five IMT-2000
IMT-2000 families
families member
member and
and approved
approved by
by RA’00
RA’00
ƒƒ 2000:
2000: WRC’00
WRC’00 identified
identified additional
additional frequency
frequency bands
bands for
for IMT-2000
IMT-2000
–806-960
–806-960 MHz
MHz
–1710-1885
–1710-1885 MHz
MHz
–2500-2690
–2500-2690 MHz
MHz
ƒƒ 2007:
2007: WRC’07
WRC’07 additional
additional frequency
frequency for
for IMT
IMT Family
Family
–450-470
–450-470 MHz
MHz
–698/790-960MHz
–698/790-960MHz Î
Î Digital
Digital dividend
dividend partially
partially UHF
UHF band
band
–2300-2400
–2300-2400 MHz
MHz
–3400-3600
MHz
–3400-3600 MHz
13
Spectrum Harmonisation: Limit the interference risks
ƒ
Ensure availability of clean spectrum
– Protect the rights of users
– Keep the records of rights of use (assignments)
– Control spectrum use (spectrum monitoring)
• In-band interference: frequency overlap between
the transmitter and receiver operating bandwidths.
ÎTypically for both to be able to operate without
excessive interference this implies a degree of
geographic separation or coordinated time/code
sharing.
In-band interference
Tx (OOB) Rx (IB)
Tx
Masks
Tx (IB) Rx (OOB)
Frequency
Band 1
Frequency
Band 2
Rx
Masks
Out-of-band interference
Geographic region 1
14
Geographic region 2
• Out-of-band interference: no overlap in frequency
between the transmitter and receiver’s bandwidth,
but the geographic separation is sufficiently small
that there can be appreciable interfering signal.
two sub-types of this path:
o In-band emissions received out-of-band
- due to imperfections in the filtering of the
receiver
o Out-of-band emissions received in-band
- due to imperfections in the filtering of the
transmitter
Spectrum Harmonisation: How to prevent interference?
Control of Interference
ALLOCATION
ALLOCATION
Frequency
Frequency separation
separation of
of
different
services
different services
15
POWER
POWER LIMITS
LIMITS
PFD/EIRP
PFD/EIRP to
to protect
protect services
services
REGULATORY
REGULATORY PROTECTION
PROTECTION
COORDINATION
COORDINATION
Service
Service protection
protection described
described in
in the
the RR
RR
between
between Administrations
Administrations to
to arrive
arrive at
at
interference-free
interference-free operation
operation
Agenda
1
2
3
4
16
General introduction
Concept of Mobile Broadband
Importance of spectrum harmonisation
Next steps & Conclusion
Key topics for WRC 2011: Importance of the Backhauling
radio access
backhaul
Agenda Item
1.11
consider a primary allocation to the SRS
(Earth-to-space) within the band 22.5523.15 GHz Res. 753 (WRC-07)
1.12
protect the primary services in the band 3738 GHz from interference resulting from
AMS operations Res. 754 (WRC-07)
1.13
studies on spectrum usage of the 21.4-22
GHz band for the BSS and the associated
feeder-link bands in Regions 1 and 3 Res.
551 (WRC-07)
1.14
consider requirements for new applications
in the RLS and review allocations or
regulatory provisions for implementations
of RLS in the range 30-300 MHz
Res.611 (WRC-07)
1.20
studies on spectrum iden-tification for
gateway links for HAPS in range 58507075 MHz to support operations in the FS
and MS Res.734 (WRC-07)
1.21
consider a primary allocation to the RLS in
the band 15.4-15.7 GHz Res.614 (WRC07)
core
ƒ
Risk of interference
– Long term impact on the ICT
regional development
– Importance of the harmonisation
ƒ
Some Agenda Items of the WRC11
may impact Fixed Services
17
– Need specific attention
Resolution
Spectrum Harmonisation: Summary
ƒ
Critical Resource
– Spectrum is not infinite for mobile broadband
– Importance of ITU activity and WRC-11
– Long term vision is necessary for spectrum allocation
ƒ
Regional & International harmonization of spectrum
–
–
–
–
Access to common services
Ecosystem to perform interoperability
International roaming
Economy of scale Î availability of affordable products
Harmonised
Harmonised approach
approach required
required across
across Regions
Regions to
to secure
secure affordable
affordable
mobile
mobile broadband
broadband with
with high
high performance
performance at
at reasonable
reasonable cost
cost
18
thank you
19