!
advertisement
!
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Senior Regulatory and Policy Advisor
Telecommunications Management Group, Inc.
1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 710
Arlington, VA 22209
USA
"#$%
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
&
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
'#( ))*$( + $, $ * -#
!"#$%&#'(
) *&+)%#(
"',$#"$'(
) +#&!"
#&- %& . -(
/
/
(
&) +0'*#(
0"#'(
) +#&!"(
)
%1"/
$'%2"*$2"
&-!"%(
)3 &0(
/
" !"#$%&#'(
) 4"#5
&+)%#5
6 7 4"#$3" $#8"% ")"%#$%(
&)(
) "'%"#)
+#&!"
4"#$3" $#8"% #&9%1
:7 &#
-(
/
/
(
&))"9 *+'%&-"#'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
'#( ))*$( + $, $ * -#
1"
-&0(
/
"'"#4(
*"'(
)2+'%#53")"#$%"2$
*&)%#(
0+%(
&)
&;< =:0(
/
/
(
&)(
)
+#(
)3
> ")2+'"#';#&- %1"
3#&+!'!")%
<. = 0(
/
/
(
&)&)'"#4(
*"'$)2%"#-(
)$/
'>
< = 0(
/
/
(
&)(
)%1";&#- &;*$/
/%"#-(
)$%(
&)#"4")+"'
)
%"#-'%1"-&0(
/
"(
)2+'%#5(
'$/
#"$25/
$#3"#%1$)&%1"#
(
)2+'%#(
"''+*1$'")2+'"#1$#29$#"&#'&;%9$#"> $)2%1"3$!(
'
3#&9(
)30"%9"")%1"%9&'"*%&#'=
1"-&0(
/
"(
)2+'%#5(
'$!!#&$*1(
)3%1"'$-"'(
?"$'%1"*&-0(
)"2
$3#(
*+/
%+#"> 1+)%(
)3> ;(
'1(
)3$)2;&#"'%#5(
)2+'%#(
"'$)2(
'$/
#"$25
%1"'$-"'(
?"$'%1"-(
)(
)3(
)2+'%#5=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
#$#+ + $ .
( )- #% + !
'# $
+*" ' ,
#) # + +#,
1"-&
/
"'"#4(
*"!")"%#$%(
&)#
) &#%+3$/#"$*1"2.
"-&0(
)#$%"(
2. 7>
#"-$(
)(
)3$
$
0
&
4
"%
%
1
"
$
4
"
#
$
3
"
>
91
(
*
1'
'
%
&
&
2$
$
%6
6
=
7=
3
"
1
2 %
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
*) # . * ,( # , $%
+#, $
+*" '
/+0
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
Evolution of the Telecoms Sector in Portugal
Mobile phones > 9 million
For the first time the number of mobile subscribers > 8mio,
meaning that more than 3/4 of the Portuguese population
has a mobile phone.
5193,5
4671,5
Constantly growing – Evolution
of the number of subscribers of
mobile phones ( in thousands)
19891989-2000
9.6 million
subscribers
at end 2004
Short calls – how the
Portuguese use their mobile
phones
3074,6
Number of calls
per day
3
Average duration
of each call
91 (2001)
1507
2,8
6,5 12,6
37,3 101,2 173,5
663,7
340,8
About 1.5
billion calls and
2.7 billion
minutes
originated in
the mobile
networks in
3Q2004
In seconds
62,5%
% of Portuguese > 15 yrs old
with mobile phone
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
Evolution of the Telecommunications Sector
in Portugal
•Number of subscribers
•Penetration Rate
1992
1Q 2003
1Q 2004
37 262
8 590 300
9 636 000
0%
83,1%
92%
• Average Penetration
Rate 2004
92%
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
1
1
3
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
2
&
-#(.( #4+,.
*'$"!
5
$!!#&4$/&;%
"';
%(
&)
$"!
;%1"#
"#+/
';&#%1"&
"&!")*
)*&-!"%(
;&#%1"$
&)$//
(
*")*"';
,
@$'$2&!%"2
"$9$#2&
2&; )$%(
';&#
05%
&$#2&
#"*%&#'&
"*"-0"# ...A
5%1"
2&; (
'&)
#(, $.
$. ) +0# $,+# . ( ' $. ,+*(+* # . *"*,+
)&-(
)$%(
)3%
+$%(
&) &--(
''(
&)
3%1"-"
"-"-0"#'&
'&;%
;%1" 4$/
#(, $.
$. ) +0# $,+# . ( ' $. ,+*(+* # . *"*,+
&)%
)3&
(
* &-!"%(
%(
&);
)%1"&
"&!")(
3&;$
;$ +0/
);&#%1"$
"$9$#2&
2&;
)$%(
&)$//
(
*")*"';
,
';&#
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
', . #$%# ) %#'
&#$( * "#+0#%#6#' -)#$+ .+0#
$. ) + $, (#+ $ +*" '
&#$0 $(#( )-#++ $ (
)%1"-&0(
/
"-$#8"%
&#$( * "# ,*,+ $#%%#6#' -)#$+ .
-# + ,> ()*/+2()3!&%")%($/)"9*&-"#'
&#$' "#+0#(0 (# .( $,*)# ,
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
0' , -0 . 6# $)#$+. +0#
'(#$,$" .
5
Choice = Comparative Bidding, and not Auction
"'!(
%"'(
3)(
;(
*$)%3$(
)''"")$*#&'' +#&!"%1#&+31
$+*%(
&)'> 2"*(
'(
&)%&*&)%(
)+"9(
%1!#"4(
&+''%$)*"$)2
-"%1&2&/
&35> (
="= *&-!$#$%(
4"0(
22(
)3@0"$+%5!$#$2"A
#&*"''&;*&-!$#$%(
4"0(
22(
)3+)2"#'%&&2%&1$4"
0"")&)"&;%1"#"$'&)'0"1(
)2%1"'(
3)(
;(
*$)%
"4&/
+%(
&)&;-&0(
/
"!1&)"'(
) &#%+3$/
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
0' , -0 . 6# $)#$+. +0#
'(#$,$" .
5
Wish to make 3rd generation mobile available to
as many consumers as possible at the lowest rate
possible
2"$(
'%1$%&!"#$%&#'9&+/
2!$''&)$1(
31*&'%&;%1"/
(
*")'"'
%&*&)'+-"#'%1#&+311(
31!#(
*"';&#*&--+)(
*$%(
&)'
2"$%1$%)"9 &!"#$%&#'9&+/
2%#5%&#"*&4"#'+*11(
31
/
(
*")'(
)3*&'%'B+(
*8/
5%1#&+31$'%#$%"3591(
*1*&)*")%#$%"'&)
1(
31!&!+/
$%(
&)$#"$'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
0' , -0 . 6# $)#$+. +0#
'(#$,$" .
5
Wish to provide 2G operators with the best chance
possible of winning license for 3G whilst still
obliging everyone to compete
&'%(
)3&;/
(
*")'"%$8"'(
)%&*&)'(
2"#$%(
&)%1$%'&-"&;%1"
'"*&)23")"#$%(
&)&!"#$%&#''%(
/
/1$2'(
3)(
;(
*$)%
(
)4"'%-")%'%&#"*&4"#
/
%1&+31"4"#5&)"1$2%&*&-!"%";&#%1"/
(
*")'"'> $
*"#%$(
)C!#";"#")*"D 9$'3(
4")%& )23")"#$%(
&)&!"#$%&#'
%1#&+314$/
&#(
?$%(
&)&;#&$-(
)3&;;"#'05 &!"#$%&#'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
0', -0 . 6# $)#$+. +0#
'(#$,$" .
5
Wish to make the promotion of the information society a
key factor in the UMTS/IMTS licensing process
1"!#&-&%(
&)&;%1" );&#-$%(
&) &*(
"%59$'&)"&;%1"-$(
)
!#(
&#(
%(
"'&;%1" &#%+3+"'" #"'(
2")*5&;%1" > 9(
%1$'!"*(
$/
+--(
%2"2(
*$%"2%&%1"'+0E
"*%$)2$'!"*(
;(
*!#&3#$- @
+#&!"
A $2&!%"22+#(
)3%1(
' +--(
%
1"3&4"#)-")%9$)%"2%")2"#"#'%
4"'!"*(
$/$%%")%(
&)%&%1(
'
'%&3(
$'!"*%>$-&)3'%&%1"#'> 05(
)*/
+2(
)3&#(
3(
)$/%1(
)8(
)3(
)%1"(
#
!#&!&'$/
'#"/
$%"2%&
#(
)3(
)3%1"(
);&#-$%(
&)'&*(
"%5%&!"&!/
"9(
%1'!"*(
$/)""2'
&4"#$3"&;#"3(
&)'C9(
%1'!"*(
$/)""2'D
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
(#$,$"
$(-'#,
%&0"$
0+%"2
"$%%#(
B+(
*8%
8%+#)$#&+)2 %")2"#%&
0"&
) #2B+$#%"#&
> 9(
%1/
(
*")'"'$%%#(
0+%"2
"&!")"2(
2(
#&;
1/
(
) '%B+$#%"#
> $)2'"#4(
*"'!
2"2$
'!#&4(
2$';#&F$)+$#5
#(
)*(
!/
"%
(
*")'"'9"#"%
0+%"2+
"''$
"%1$%)
%)&/
"%&0"$
"$%%#(
2+)/
'$%
/
"$'%&
&
)
"&
&
;%
%
1
"!
!
#
&
!
&
'
$
/
'9$
9$
'0
0
$
'
"
2&
&
)%
%
1
"
% " ; "
' '
2 )
'%$)2$#2$)2;+/
;(
/
/
"2$
/%1"#
#"-")%''
)%
2$/
"#"B+(
''"%&
%&+%(
%(
)%1"
#"'!"*%(
4"#
$%(
&)'
"#"3+/
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
(#$,$"
$(-'#,
G
?&;!$(
#"2
'!"*%#+- (
)%1"0$)2'&; . .6
?,
H
? $)2
?&;+)!$(
#"2
'!"*%#+- (
)%1" . .
?0$)2> ;&#
"$*1&;%1"/
(
*")'""'
5"$#'>
#")"9$0/
"
I J,
-(
/
/
(
&) K/
(
*")'";""J
$))+$/'!"*%#+- ;""
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
(#$,$"
$(-'#,
ROAMING
&$-(
)30
,
'5'%"- $)2 )2
30"%9"")
3")"#$%(
&)'
0/
"+
)
)'5'%"-'!
-'!&''(
"+)2"#%
#%1"%
"%"#-';
-';&#"'"")(
)(
"*#"" $9
,.6&;
"*"-0"#
&$-(
)3&
&#(
?$%(
&)*
%"#(
$&
'
3&;;"#I
#I &)"&
"&;%
;%1"4
"4$/
)*#(
$&;!
;!#&!&'$/
)5#
)3&
(
2;
"$'% 5"$#'> +)/
"''
5#&$-(
3&;;"#%
#%&0"4
"4$/
2;&#$%/
%/
,
&!"#$%&#'91
&#
'91&2
&2&)&%1
%1$4"
'5'%"-'I
$#"2$
)3
@ (
3)(
;(
*$)% $#8"% &9"#A
-'I 2"*/
2$'1$4(
(
)%
,
-$#8"%
)%1"
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
(#$,$"
$(-'#,
ROAMING
&$-(
)3&
%(
&)'I
"*%%
+$%(
&)0
3&;;"#*
#*&)2(
'I '+0E
%%&#""4$/
)05%
5%1"
"3+/
$%&#%
0+%(
&)&
#%9&5
9&5"$#'$
'$';#&- %1"2
"2$%"&;$
;$%%#(
)&;%
;%1"
/
(
*")'"'
&$-(
)3&
%(
&)'-+
3&;;"#*
#*&)2(
'-+'%$
%$21"#"%
"%&$'"%&
%&;!
;!$#$-"%"#'
"'%$0/
(
'1"2(
)%
$%(
&)
2(
)%1"%
"%")2"##"3+/
1"%
$%(
&);
$%&#-$
"%")2"##"3+/
);&#"'$9 %1$%%
%%1" "3+/
#-$5
(
)%"#4")"(
)%
+%(
&)&
"3$/2(
'!+%"'%1$%-$
'"
"(
)%1"#
"#"'&/
)&;/
;/
%-$5$
5$#(
$-&)3'%(
)%"#"'%"2!
"'$
$%"2%
)3
%(
2!$#%(
'$'#"/
2%&#&$-(
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
(#$,$"
$(-'#,
"'%$0/
(
'1-")%&;
-(
)(
-+- *&4"#$3"&
(
3$%(
&)'>
*1-+
"&0/
'> 91(
1-+'%"
%")'+#"
2"0(
%'$
%12
/
"2'
;(
*$%(
&)'
'$0&4" 6 0!'> 9(
12"%$(
2'!"*(
91(
*19"
)*/
+2"2(
)%
$%(
&)'$
)3
19"#"(
"(
2(
)%1"%
"%")2"##"3+/
'$**&#2(
%&%1";
/
&9(
)3'
"
";&/
3'*1"2+/
7 *&4"#$3"&
&)$/!&!+/
$%(
&)0
"&;%
;%1")
")$%(
)05%
5%1""
"")2&
2&;%
;%1"
;(
#'%5
(
*")'"*
)3(
)%&;
%5"$#&
#&;%
;%1"/
"/
"*&-(
3(
&;&#*">
7 05%
#25
5%1""
"")2&
2&;%
;%1"%
"%1(
25"$#> $)2
: 7 05%
;%15
5%1""
"")2&
2&;%
;%1";
";(
15"$#
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
(#$,$"
$(-'#,
&)"&;%1"%1#""/
(
*")'"2
&#
&!"#$%&#'*&+/
2$+%&-$%(
*$/
/
50"3#$)%"2$)
/
(
*")'"
=== #&!&'$/
'91(
*1&;;"#"2%1"!&''(
0(
/
(
%5
&;)$%(
&)$/#&$-(
)30"%9"")'"*&)2$)2%1(
#2
3")"#$%(
&)'5'%"-'9"#"3#$)%"2"G%#$!&(
)%'(
)
%1""4$/
+$%(
&)=====
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
(#$,$"
$(-'#,
Limits to be imposed on shareholdings in competing commercial
enterprises, so as to ensure that no bidder holds any shares, directly
or indirectly, in the share capital of another bidder.
&'1$#"1&/
2"#&
(
*")'"2&
2> "(
%1"#
#&;$
;$/
2&!"#$%&#-$
#-$51
51&/
2(
#"*%/
5&
)2(
#"*%/
5> -&#"%1$) 7 &;%
%$/&;
5&#(
#(
;%1"*
"*$!(
$)&%1"#/
(
*")'"2&
#/
2&!"#$%&#
1"#"$
)4"'%&#(
'!$#%&
*1(
'
"$)(
)(
#(
%&;$
;$'+**"'';+/3#&+!91
!91(
1(
3#$)%"2$
(
*")'"> %1")'
%5 9(
/
/1$4"%
/1(
'
2$/
)'+*1$
1$)"
)")%(
"%&'"/
'%$8"(
)%
(
*")'"2&
%1(
)$
"(
)%1"&
"&%1"#/
#/
2&!"#$%&#9(
#9(
)$5"$#&
#&;%
;%1"
/
(
*")'"0
)33
"0"(
33#$)%"2
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
3
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
'#)#$+,+ # $('*%#% $
- - ,'
;;(
*(
$/ &*+-")%'
"*1)(
*$/ #&!&'$/
&4"#$3"!
$)'>
"!/
/
$))(
)3$
&!-")%&
3$)22"4"/
%&;%
;%1"'
"'5'%"->
->
L+$/
(
%5&
*"/
"4"/
'> $-&)3'%&
5&;'
;'"#4(
"/
%&%1"#'
*&)&-(
*$
)$)*(
$/ #&!&'$/
*$)2 (
$#8"%2
&!-")%;
%2"4"/
%;&#"*$'%'>
$#8"%(
)3'%#$%"35>
&$-(
)3&
3&;;"#'>
$)3"&;'
*"'%
)*/
+2(
)3'
$/&;;"#'>
;'"#4(
'%&0"&
"&;;"#"2> (
3'!"*(
#(
*(
)3!
(
*5>
3!&/
(
'%#(
0+%(
&)*
'>
)*1$))"/
(
)$)*(
)3#
3#"'&+#*"'> $-&)3'%&
%&%1"#'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
6 '* + $
+#
&)%#(
0+%(
&)%
&!-")%&
&)
)%&%1"2
"2"4"/
%&;%
;%1" );&#-$%(
&*(
"%5
7M
&)%#(
0+%(
&)%
&!-")%&
4"
)%&%1"2
"2"4"/
%&;"
;";;"*%(
*&-!"%(
%(
&)
7M
L+$/
(
%5&
*$/!#&!&'$/ 7M
5&;%
;%1" "*1)(
L+$/
(
%5&
*$
)$)*(
$/!#&!&'$/ 67M
5&;%
;%1" *&)&-(
*$)2 (
&)%#(
0+%(
&)%&%1"2"4"/
&!-")%&;$'+'%$(
)$0/
"
"*&)&-(
*$*%(
4(
%5 H7=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
6 '* + $
%
$+ *+ $+ +0#%#6#'-)#$+ .+0#
$. ) + $ (#+ 7 ! 8
&4"#$3"(
)2(
*$%&#'
&!+/
$%(
&)*&4"#"2>
+#;$*"*&4"#"2>
#"$'*&4"#"2>
&$2'*&4"#"2
#&-&%(
&)&;+)(
4"#'$/$**"''$)2&;(
);& (
)*/
+'(
&)9(
%1$)"*&)&-(
*$/
/
5
$**"''(
0/
"&;;"#%$#3"%"2$%2(
;;"#")%+'"#!#&;(
/
"'
#(
*"!&/
(
*5@#";"#")*"!#(
*"'> ;/
"G(
0(
/
(
%5> !#&-&%(
&)$/!&/
(
*(
"'$)22(
'*&+)%'A>
!"*(
$/*&)2(
%(
&)';&#/
&9 (
)*&-"!&!+/
$%(
&)@)
5(
)%"#-'&;$**"''>
)@)&%$0/
!#(
*"'$)2B+$/
(
%5A>
!"*(
$/*&)2(
%(
&)';&#+'"#'9(
%1'!"*(
$/)""2'>
!"*(
$/*&)2(
%(
&)';&#(
)'%(
%+%(
&)'9(
%1'!"*(
$/)""2'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
6 '* + $
%
$+ *+ $+ +0#( # + $ .#..#(+6#
( )-#++ $7
$7 8
(
4"#'(
%5$)22(
;;"#")%(
$%(
&)&;%1"#$)3"&;'"#4(
*"'9(
%1'!"*(
$/
"-!1$'(
'%&%1"&;;"#&;(
))&4$%(
4"$)2*&)4"#3")%'"#4(
*"',*&)%")%'
&)2(
%(
&)'$''&*(
$%"29(
%1%1"#&$-(
)3&;;"#
1$'(
)3&;%1"&;;"#>
&4"#$3">
%1"#$'!"*%'@)&%$0/
5!#(
*"!&/
(
*5A
/
&0$/B+$/
(
%5&;%1"'"#4(
*"'
&--"#*(
$/L+$/
(
%5@$-&)3'%&%1"#'$**"''> *+'%&-"#*$#"'"#4(
*"> $;%"#'$/
"'
'"#4(
*"> *&--"#*(
$/!&/
(
*5#"/
$%"2%&%1"#"!/
$*(
)3&;"B+(
!-")%'> 0(
/
/
(
)3A>
%1"#B+$/
(
%5!$#$-"%"#'> )&%$0/
5#"/
$%"2%&2(
'!+%"1$)2/
(
)3$)2(
);&#-$%(
&)
!&/
(
*5%&%1"+'"#'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
6 '* + $
%
9* '+ .+0#+#(0$( '-'$7
$7 !8
&)2(
%(
&)'#"/
$%"2%&%1"'1$#(
)3&;(
);#$'%#+*%+#"'@'(
%"'$)2'+!!&#%
(
);#$'%#+*%+#"'A>
&4"#$3"!/
$))(
)3>
#"B+")*5!/
$)>
"*1)&/
&3(
*$/'5'%"- $)2)"%9&#8%&!&/
&35>
"$'+#"'%&-(
)(
-(
?"%1"")4(
#&)-")%$/(
-!$*%>
"$'+#"'%&-(
)(
-(
?"1+-$)"G!&'+#"%&"/
"*%#&-$3)"%(
*#$2(
$%(
&)'>
"*+#(
%5$)2)"%9&#8*&);(
2")%(
$/
(
%5>
"%9&#8!"#;&#-$)*">
)%"#*&))"*%(
&)!/
$)>
+-0"#(
)3,$22#"''(
)3
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
6 '* + $
%
9* '+ .+0##( $ ) ( ' $%.$ $( '-'$7
$7 :8
$#8"%'%+25>
%#$%"35>
*&)&-(
*"4$/
+$%(
&)@
>
> !$50$*8A>
(
)$)*(
$/"4$/
+$%(
&)>
")'(
0(
/
(
%5$)$/
5'(
'@)&%$0/
5(
)%"#-'&;!#(
*"'> )+-0"#&;'+0'*#(
0"#'$)2
%#$;;(
*4&/
+-"A>
&--"#*(
$/$)2"*&)&-(
*;(
)$)*(
$/B+$/
(
;(
*$%(
&)'@"G!"#(
")*"(
)-&0(
/
"
'"#4(
*"',)"%9&#8'> *&--"#*(
$/
(
'$%(
&),2(
'%#(
0+%(
&)N A
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
6 '* + $
%
$+ *+ $+ +0#%#6#'-)#$+ . ,*,+ $ '#
#( $ ) ( (+6+ 7 ;8
#&E
"*%"G%"#)$/
(
%(
"'
)2+'%#5$)2%"*1)&/
&352"4"/
&!-")%>
$#8"%"G!$)'(
&)@";;"*%'&)%1"-&0(
/
"4$/
+"*1$(
)> !")"%#$%(
&)$
)$)2+'"&;
2$%$$)24&(
*"-&0(
/
"'"#4(
*"'A>
(
#"*%$)2(
)2(
#"*%*#"$%(
&)&;"-!/
&5-")%>
#$(
)(
)3> #"'"$#*1$)22"4"/
&!-")%>
%1"#'
"3#""&;2"4"/
&!-")%&;%1"!#&E
"*%,*&)'&#%(
+- )&%$0/
5(
)%"#-'&
-'&;
$3#""-")%'$)2,&#!$#%)"#'1(
!'#"/
$%"2%&'"#4(
*"',*&)%")%'>
%"*1)&/
&35,8)&9 1&9> "%*=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
2
"/
"*"/@ )2 ")"#$%(
&) &0(
/
"
!"#$%&#A )&9 &2$;&)"
@ )2 ")"#$%(
&) &0(
/
"
!"#$%&#A
'!(
) &;;
!%(
-+'@ )2 ")"#$%(
&) &0(
/
"
!"#$%&#A
#$)*" "/
"*&- $)2
&)$" #&+!
)(
9$5@
I /
"*%#(
*(
%5
)
2
!"#$%&#$)2
(
G"2 !"#$%&#A
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
3
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
)- , $ + +0#
#) #
+ +#, /#%#$
)
$5
>
(
''+"2$)(
)4(
%$%(
&)%&
(
)%"#"'%"2!$#%(
"'9(
%13+(
2"/
(
)"';&#$!!/
(
*$)%'
%&!#&4(
2")"%9&#8*$!$*(
%5;&#
-&0(
/
"
%"/
"*&--+)(
*$%(
&)''"#4(
*"'(
) 9"2")
&+#/
(
*")'"'9"#"%&0"(
''+"2;&# 5"$#' +!
%& = =
1"'"/
"*%(
&)&;%1"$!!/
(
*$)%'9&+/
20"0$'"2
&)$C0"$+%5*&)%"'%D +'(
)3%9&'%"!'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
/#%#$
(#$,$" #+0 % '"
1" 9"2(
'1/
"3(
'/
$%&#'0"/
(
"4"2%1$%%1"3&4"#)-")%'1&+/
20"
;/
"G(
0/
"'&$'%&$/
/
&9 -$#8"%;&#*"'%&2(
#"*%%1"2"4"/
&!-")%&;
)"9 '"#4(
*"'$)2;&#-'&;*&--+)(
*$%(
&)=
1"
2"*(
'(
&)9$'%&+'"$0"$+%5*&)%"'%
0"/
(
"4"2%1$%%1(
'9$'$)$!!#&!#(
$%"/
"3$/(
)%"#!#"%$%(
&)&; 9"2(
'1/
$9 >
91(
*1'%(
!+/
$%"'%1$%/
(
*")'"'-+'%0"$/
/
&*$%"20$'"2&)'!"*(
;(
**#(
%"#(
$=
"/
"*%(
&)*#(
%"#(
$2"%"#-(
)"2(
)&%1"#9$5'%1$)%1"(
)%")2"23&$/
'&;%1"
/
$9'> /
(
8"$)$+*%(
&)&#$/
&%%"#5> 9"#")&%*&)'(
2"#"2%&0"3#&+)2'&;;$*%=
)&%1"#(
-!&#%$)%#"$'&);&#+'(
)3$0"$+%5*&)%"'%9$'%1$%#$!(
2
2"4"/
&!-")%&; *&+/
20"$)"''")%(
$/!$#%&;%1"2"4"/
&!-")%&; 9"2")
$'$) )$%(
&)=
;&*+'"2&)%9&-$(
)*#(
%"#(
$91")*1&&'(
)3&!"#$%&#'
#$!(
2#&/
/
&+%
)$%(
&) 9(
2"*&4"#$3"
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
/#%,0 (#$,$"
(#,,
1"*&)%"'%9$'&#3$)(
?"2(
)%1";&/
/
&9(
)39$5
1"$!!/
(
*$)%''1&+/
2'+0-(
%%1"(
#$!!/
(
*$%(
&)')&/
$%"#%1$)
"!%"-0"#
%%1$%2$%"> %1"5'1&+/
21$4"!$(
2%1"$!!/
(
*$%(
&);""&;
@$!!#&G(
-$%"/
5
A
1"$!!/
(
*$)%'9"#"#"'!&)'(
0/
";&#$/
/*&'%'&;%1"
!#"!$#$%(
&)$)2'+0-(
''(
&)&;%1"$!!/
(
*$%(
&)
%9$')&%!&''(
0/
";&#%1"$!!/
(
*$)%%&$22(
);&#-$%(
&)$;%"#
%1"$!!/
(
*$%(
&)!"#(
&2= 1"
*&+/
2#"B+"'%;+#%1"#
(
);&#-$%(
&);#&- %1"$!!/
(
*$)%$;%"#%1"$!!/
(
*$%(
&)2$%"
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
/#%,0 (#$,$"
(#,,
!!/
(
*$)%'9"#"$'8"2%&2"'*#(
0"%1"(
#&9)"#'1(
!
'%#+*%+#"'(
)&#2"#%&")$0/
"
%&$''"''91"%1"#$)5
$!!/
(
*$)%9$'*/
&'"/
5#"/
$%"2&#)&%%&$)&%1"#
$!!/
(
*$)%=
'$#+/
"&;%1+-0> $0+'(
)"''%1$%1$2 7 &#-&#"&;$/
/'1$#"'(
)
$)$!!/
5(
)3*&-!$)59$'*&)'(
2"#"2%&0"*/
&'"/
5#"/
$%"2%&%1$%
*&-!$)5=
;%9&&#-&#"$!!/
(
*$)%'9"#"*&)'(
2"#"2%&0"*/
&'"/
5#"/
$%"2%1"5
*&+/
2&)/
53"%&)"/
(
*")'"=
/
(
*")'"*&-!#(
'(
)3
$*%(
4(
%(
"'9&+/
2)&%0"3#$)%"2%&$)
$!!/
(
*$)%%1$%$/
#"$25&!"#$%"29(
%1$
/
(
*")'"(
) 9"2")=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
/#%,0 (#$,$"
(#,,
)$) $+ '( $,%# + $>
+$%(
&)9$'-$2"&;91"%1"#
$> $)"4$/
%1"$!!/
(
*$)%'1$2;+/
;(
/
/
"2%1"!#"*&)2(
%(
&)';&#%1"
"'%$0/
(
'1-")%&;$)"%9&#8(
)$**&#2$)*"9(
%1%1";&/
/
&9(
)3
*#(
%"#(
$
1 $ $( '( - (+ 1"$!!/
(
*$)%'1$/
/0"$0/
"%&2"-&)'%#$%"%1$%(
%1$'
")&+31*$!(
%$/$%(
%'2(
'!&'$/%&"'%$0/
(
'1%1"!#&-(
'"2)"%9&#8
#(0$( '.# , '+ < 1"$!!/
(
*$)%'1$/
/2"-&)'%#$%"%1")"%9&#8O
'
#"/
(
$0(
/
(
%5> $4$(
/
$0(
/
(
%5> 4&(
*"B+$/
(
%5$)2&%1"#+'"2B+$/
(
%5!$#$-"%"#'=
))# ( '.# , '+ < '$2"-$)2%1$%%1"$!!/
(
*$)%!#"'")%"2$
2&*+-")%"20+'(
)"''$)2-$#8"%!/
$)9(
%1(
)4"'%-")%!/
$)'$)2
;(
)$)*(
$/!#&E
"*%(
&)'%1$%'1&9"2%1"*&'%'> #"4")+"'$)2#"'&+#*"'
#"B+(
#"2%&!#&4(
2"%1"'"#4(
*"'=
4-# +,#< %1"$!!/
(
*$)%'1&+/
22"-&)'%#$%"%1$%(
%1$2$**"''%&
$!!#&!#(
$%""G!"#%(
'"$)2"G!"#(
")*"%&*&)'%#+*%$-&0(
/
"
%"/
"*&--+)(
*$%(
&)')"%9&#8=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
/#%,0 (#$,$"
(#,,
;$;(
#- &#$*&)'&#%(
+- !$''"2%1"(
)(
%(
$/*&)'(
2"#$%(
&)'> (
%9$'.* +0#
#6 '* +#%(
)$2"%$(
/
"2*&)'(
2"#$%(
&)> 91(
*1$)$/
5?"2
%(
&--(
%-")%'*&)*"#)(
)3*&4"#$3"(
)#"/
$%(
&)%&'+#;$*"$#"$$)2!&!+/
$%(
&)=
&--(
%-")%'*&)*"#)(
)3%1"2"4"/
&!-")%#$%"@#&/
/
&+%'!""2A ;&#%1")"%9&#8'=
**&#2(
)3%&%1"3+(
2"/
(
)"';&#$!!/
(
*$)%'
%1"/
(
*")'"*&)2(
%(
&)'(
-!&'"$#"B+(
#"-")%%1$%%1"/
(
*")'"1&/
2"#''1$/
/")'+#"$%
"4"#5!1$'"%1$%$%/
"$'% 7 &;%1"!&!+/
$%(
&)*&4"#$3"!#&-(
'"2%$8"'!/
$*"
%1#&+31"'%$0/
(
'1-")%&;(
%'&9)#$2(
&(
);#$'%#+*%+#"
;&#&%1"#!$#%'&;%1"!&!+/
$%(
&)> %1"/
(
*")'"1&/
2"#'1$4"%1"!&''(
0(
/
(
%5&;
'$%(
';5(
)3%1"*&4"#$3"#"B+(
#"-")%'05)$%(
&)$/#&$-(
)3= &9"4"#> %1(
'2&"')&%
$;;"*%%1"/
(
*")'" 1&/
2"#O
'&0/
(
3$%(
&)%&")'+#"%1$%)"%9&#8*$!$*(
%5&;1(
31
B+$/
(
%5(
'1"/
2$4$(
/
$0/
"(
)$**&#2$)*"9(
%1%1"/
(
*")'"*&)2(
%(
&)'
$/
(
*")'"1&/
2"#%1$%*$))&%'$%(
';5%1"/
(
*")'"*&)2(
%(
&)'%1#&+31)$%(
&)$/
#&$-(
)3(
'%1+'&0/
(
3"2%&"'%$0/
(
'1(
%'&9)$**"'')"%9&#8%&'$%(
';5(
%'
&0/
(
3$%(
&)'
$/
/-$'%'(
)%1")"%9&#8*&+/
20"'1$#"29(
%1&%1"#&!"#$%&#'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
/#%,0 (#$,$"
(#,,
1"(
)(
%(
$/$2-(
)(
'%#$%(
&);""'!$(
205$!!/
(
*$)%'2(
2
)&%*&4"#%1"*&'%';&#%1"
&;&#3$)(
?(
)3%1"
0"$+%5*&)%"'%=
1"!#"!$#$%(
&)!#&*"''*&)'+-"2$#&+)2 -$)
5"$#';#&=
#&- "!%"-0"#
%& "*"-0"#
>
1$2
6!"#'&)'9&#8(
)3;+/
/%(
-"&)%1"!#&*"''$'9"/
/$'
$)+-0"#&;*&)'+/
%$)%'=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
1
11
7
=
!
+*"*#,#,+* + $
$#(
&+'2"*(
'(
&)'-$2"@"'!"*(
$/
/
505#"3+/
$%&#A %&$%%"-!%%&$/
/
&9
)(
9$5A %&'+#4(
4"
%1 /
(
*")'""@
$%(
&)$/#&$-(
)3$3#""-")%9(
%1
$!!#&4"205#"3+/
$%&#$)2
&%1"#&!"#$%&#'9"#"")*&+#$3"2%&-$8"'(
-(
/
$#$3#""-")%'9(
%1)"9
")%#$)%> )(
9$5@2
2)&%1$!!")A>
5@2(
#(
3(
)$//
(
*")'(
)3*&)2(
%(
&)'*1$)3"2
$#(
&+'2"/
$5'(
)/
$+)*1$!!#&4"2
= =
)(
9$5&
5)"9 ")%#$)%$)2&)/
5/
(
*")'""91&2(
2)&%1$4" /
(
*")'"
5&)/
"9"'% &!"#$%&#@ !%(
-+'A 1$2)&%#"$*1"20#"$8 "4")!&(
)%$%
%1$%'%$3"
);#$'%#+*%+#"'1$#(
)39$'> (
);$*%>&)"&;%1"*#(
%"#(
$(
)%1"/
(
*")'"
'"/
"*%(
&)!#&*"2+#"
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
#(, $ #(
(
-"/
(
-(
%;&#/
$+)*19$'2"/
$5"2%&
"*"-0"#
/
/&0/
(
3$%(
&)'*&4"#"205/
(
*")'"'-$(
)%$(
)"2
;"";&##$2(
&'!"*%#+- +'$3"9$'%&0"$!!/
(
"2
%&&!"#$%&#'91&'%$#%"2%1"(
#$*%(
4(
%(
"'(
)
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
+*"*#,# +* + $ 7 #(
,
1"*&);(
#-"2$0'")*"(
)%1"-$#8"%&;)"%9&#8$)2
%"#-(
)$/"B+(
!-")%9$'2"%"#-(
)"2%&0"$*$'"&;
P
;&#*"-$E
"+#"O
)5$-")2-")%'%&%1"/
(
*")'"''1&+/
20"#"'%#(
*%"2%&
%1"%(
-"/
(
-(
%;&#%1"*&--"#*(
$/&;;"#&;%1"
'5'%"-'$)2'1&+/
2)&%$;;"*%%1"*")%#$/*&#"&;%1"
&0/
(
3$%(
&)'$''+-"205/
(
*")'""'(
)%1"(
#%")2"#'
(
/
&%)"%9&#8''+(
%$0/
";&#%"'%(
)3'1&+/
20"
")*&+#$3"2
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
+*"*#,#,+* + $ 7 > $
);#$'%#+*%+#"'1$#(
)3$-&)3'%&!"#$%&#'")*&+#$3"2
@;&#"G$-!/
"%1#&+31(
)*")%(
4"''+*1$'2"*#"$'"'(
)
%1"$-&+)%&;;""';&#'!"*%#+- +'$3"A
&-";/
"G(
0(
/
(
%5(
'%&0"3#$)%"2$'%&%1")+-0"#&;
*&)%#&/*")%"#'$)20$'"'%$%(
&)'> 9(
%1&+%*"2(
)3&)%1"
)""2%&*&-!/
59(
%1*&4"#$3"&0/
(
3$%(
&)'$''"%&+%(
)
%1"/
(
*")'"'
1"2"/
$5(
)%1"/
$+)*1(
)3&; '1&+/
2)&%0"$)
&0'%$*/
"%&%1"/
$+)*1(
)3&;%1" );&#-$%(
&) &*(
"%5
2"4"/
&!-")%!#&E
"*%'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
+*"*#,#,+* + $ 7 > $
)(
9$5;(
)$/
/
51$2%&3(
4"+!2+"%&*&--"#*(
$/
!#"''+#"'$)23$4"%1"/
(
*")'"0$*8%&
NN=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
+*"*#,# +* + $ 7 > $
).F$)+$#5
>
,
**"!%"2%1"#"%+#)&;%1" %1 /
(
*")'"
&)*/
+2"2%1$%%1"#"(
')&!/
$*";&#$
3(
4")
%1 &!"#
$%&#>
1"'-$/
/'(
?"&;%1")$%(
&)$/-$#8"%>
1"1(
31!")"%#$%(
&)#$%"'&;-&0(
/
"'"#4(
*"'>
1"/
$*8&;(
)%"#"'%&;&%1"#"*&)&-(
*$3")%'%&&0%$(
)$
/
(
*")'"&#%&!+#*1$'" )( $5
1"'+0'%$)%(
$/*&-!"%(
%(
4"$24$)%$3"&;;(
#'%")%#$)%'@$'
'1&9)(
)*
-+'A
9)(
)*$'"&; !%(
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
+*"*#,# +* + $ 7 > $
,
#"*&3)(
?"2%1$%
-$/
/&!"#$%&#'&#&!"#$%&#'91&'"-$#8"%'1$#"(
'
'-$/
/1$4""G%#"-"2(
;;(
*+/
%(
"'(
)#"-$(
)(
)3(
)%1"
-$#8"%
)"9 ")%#$)%(
)%&%1"-$#8"%9(
/
/)&%)"*"''$#(
/
5
(
)*#"$'"%1"4$/
+"&;%1"-$#8"%
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
+*"*#,# +* + $ 7 > $
,
$/
'&#"*&3)(
?"2%1$%
1"!#"'"#4$%(
&)&;%1"
$*%+$/
/
5$/
/
&9,/
"$2%&
-$#8"%'%#+*%+#"-$5
$;$'%"##"*&4"#5&;(
)4"'%-")%'>
$)(
)*#"$'"&;*&'%";;"*%(
4")"''/
"4"/
'>
$0"%%"#(
)4"'%-")%*$!$*(
%5&;"G(
'%(
)3&!"#$%&#'>
$)2!$#%(
*+/
$#/
5%&#";/
"G"''+*1$'
$;$'%"#&;;"#&; '"#4(
*"'>
%1"*#"$%(
&)&;*&)2(
%(
&)';&#/
&9"#!#(
*"'>
%1"(
-!#&4"-")%&;B+$/
(
%5&;'"#4(
*"'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
+*"*#,# +* + $> $*
&!"#$%&#'/
";%@$/
/$/
'& -&0(
/
"&!"#$%&#'A
)(
9$5#"%+#)"2(
%'/
(
*")'"
C )(
9$5D ;#"B+")*(
"'9"#"2(
4(
2"2$-&)3'%
#"-$(
)(
)3/
(
*")'""'
"/
$5'$!!#&4"2+)%(
/
"*"-0"#
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
) #$%)#$+,+
(#$,#
"*(
'(
&)&
)&;
/
(
*")'"*
%(
&)'
"*&)2(
$*83#&+)2
$%+ $,
"0#+$#5
?
%&$-")2
/
%1&+31%
)(
-$/*&)2(
%(
&)';&#%1"/
$+)*1&
'"#4(
*"
1%1"-(
"-(
"/
1&;
9"#"*
2"#"2%
$%&#2
2#
?"%
"*&)'(
2%&1$4"0"")-"
)-"%>%1"#
"#"3+/
#2(
2#"*&3)(
"%1$%
0"*$+'"&;$
(
-(
%"2$
/
$0(
/
(
%5&
)$/$)2)
!-")%
;$/
2$4$(
5&;%
;%"#-(
2)"%9&#8"B+(
&)%1"-$
$/%"'%!1$'"&
%1%
"-$#8"%> $!#"*&--"#*(
"&;:
;:-&)%1'@
'@9(
1%1"
*&--"#*(
$/&;;"#&
%&0"&
5
A 9$'
#&;
"&;;"#"20
20";&#" F+/
E
+'%(
;(
"2
+*1$
*"*&+/
2&
50
1$%"'%!1$'"-"
"-"$)%%
%%1$%%
%%1"'
"'"#4(
2&)/
50"&
"&;;"#"2%
2%&$
/
(
-(
%"2)
")2/
5+
2)+-0"#&
#&;Q
;Q ;#(
5+'"#'R
'R
%(
'(
-!&#%$)%%&")'+#"$
$%"*
$%(
&)
%(
'(
"$)$!!#&!#(
"*&4"#$3"&
"&;%
;%1"!
"!&!+/
$)2> (
)$22(
%(
&)> %&%$8"&
'$
)"2(
)%1"(
#
"&!"#$%&#'O!#&!&'$/
'$'*&)%$(
2(
#"'!"*%(
4"/
(
*")'"'(
)%&$
'(
&$**&+)%M
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
) #$%)#$+,+
(#$,#
$*83#&+)2%&
"0#+$#5
@*&)%=A
$%+ $,
?
2"*(
'(
&)&;
&#%1"!
(
3$%(
&)'> %1""
"!+#!&'"'&
'&;*
;*&4"#$3"&
"&0/
"")2&
2&;
5"$# (
'2
)"2%
'2"%"#-(
2%&*&##"'!&)2%&%1" -&)%1
!"#(
&2"
$!'"2$
))(
)3&
2"/
2$;%"#%
#%1"0
"0"3(
3&;%
;%1"
'5'%"- *&--"#*(
$/&!"#$%(
&)
1$'$
#"$252
2"2%
/
&9 '1$#(
)3
'$/
52"*(
2%&$/
&;%
)"%9&#8(
);#$'%#+*%+#"'
;%1"
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
) #$%)#$+,+
=
(#$,#
$%+ $,
?
&0(
)2%
#&
2%1"&
"&!"#$%&#'%
'%&")'+#"> 05%1"(
#&9)-"
9)-"$)'> $ + $ '
80!'> *&##"'!&)2(
)3%
3%&: 7 &;%
;%1"
4$/
+"';(
G"2(
)%1"#
4"/
(
*")'"'> (
)$)5*
2(
"#"'!"*%(
5*$'">
- -*'+ $(
$( 6# "#$%
)2%
')
%1'%$)2(
)3*
(
$)*"9(
%1%
)(
-+2%1(
')&%9(
3*&-!/
"9(
1%1"-(
"-(
#"B+(
#"-")%'91
*19"
3(
)$/
/
50
*")'(
)3
'91(
19"#"&
"&#(
50$'"2&
2&)%1" (
!"*(
;(
*$%(
&)'> )$-"/
5
)2&
$%(
&)M
2&; '%5"$# 7 &;%
;%1"!
"!&!+/
)2&
$%(
&)M
2&; )25"$# 7 &;%
;%1"!
"!&!+/
)2&
$%(
&)M
2&;%
;%1" #25"$# 7 &;%
;%1"!
"!&!+/
)2&
$%(
&)M
2&; %15"$# 7 &;%
;%1"!
"!&!+/
)2&
$%(
&)=
2&; %15"$# : 7 &;%
;%1"!
"!&!+/
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
) #$%)#$+,+
=
=
(#$,#
$%+ $,
?
&$/
/
&9 %1$%+0#%.
$%(
&)
0#%..# #$+ '0"%9"")%
)%1"3
"3")"#$/!&!+/
$)2$
*1"
'0
(
*")'"
2$#"$*&4"#$3"%
"%&91(
1"$*1&
1&!"#$%&#(
#(
'0&+)20
205%1"/
"/
1"1
2'$
)(
-+- *&4"#$3"%
"1&/
'$)2%
2%1"-(
"-(
"%1#&+31&
1&9)-"
9)-"$)'
2"-$)2"2$
##
2$0&4")
##$,* #%+
%+0 *"0$
*"0$ + $ ' ) $">
$ (( % $(#/ +0 $ $$* '-'
%%"20
'-'$ %&0"'
"'+0-(
205%1"
&!"#$%&#'$
M
'$)2%
2%&0"$
"$!!#&4"20
205
&#') $ +#+
#+0#,
0#,-#(.( + $ #@* $"(
$"( 6# "#
'" + $,/ +0$+
#" $,A
0$+0#
$,A$ +#<
,-#(.( + $ . #" $,/
$,/ +0,
0,-#( '$#
'$##%,B> %1"*
"*&4"#$3"
&0/
(
3$%(
&)'$%)
&)$//
"4"/0"(
)3-$
)%$(
)"2)##+$"+
%)$%(
3-$(
$"+0# ??
C -, $% :?C -,*&)%$()"2(
)%1"#
4"/
(
*")'"'M
2(
"#"'!"*%(
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
) #$%)#$+,+
=
(#$,#
$%+ $,
?
& #. )*'+#+
)%&
#+0# % ,-#(+*) ,,"$)#$+,%$8()3(
3(
$**&+)%%
%(
&)$/$/
/
&*$%(
&)&; G
?%&%1"&
%%1"$
"$22(
"&!"#$%&#'
/
(
*")'"2(
)$**&#2$)*"9(
%1%
/
&9(
)3
2(
1%1";
";&/
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
) #$%)#$+,+
(#$,#
$%+ $,
?
= &2"*(
2"%
"%&#"B+"'%%
%%1" -# + ,+
,+ ,* ) +
$A 5 $#*1$)2;
&+'*
$//
$+)*1&
2;&#%1"!
"!#"4(
'*&--"#*(
1&;$
;$%9& -&)%1
!/
$)*&)%$(
)(
)3%
4"#'"> +
0#+
3%1"+
"+)(
0#+-# $%$*)
$%$*) # .*,
.*,# ,
+ /0 ) $
, ,+#) ,0 '' #)
#) %# 6 ' '#
+0#,
0#,# 6(#,- 6%#% $%+
$%+0#(
0#( 6# "# # $('*%#%M
0A 5 F+)"
>+
#(0$( '/
/3(
4"%
)3
%9(
"%1"#
"#"$'&)(
'- D#(+,%1$%9(
;&#$)5!
0/
"$-")2-")%%
-!/
"-")%$%(
&)> )$-"/
5
5!&''(
%%&%1")
")"%9&#8(
$'%&%1")
);#$'%#+*%+#"'@
'$
&2"'A %&
")+-0"#&
#&;)
;)"%9&#8(
'$)2
0"(
)'%$/
/
"2M
"(
:= & %) +> $';$#$''"#4(
*"$4$(
/
$0(
/
(
%5> !#(
*"$
"$)2!
2!$*8$3"
!&/
(
*5&
(
3$%(
&)'$#"*&)*"#)"2> %1"!
0(
/
(
%5;
5&0/
"!&''(
5;&#
&!"#$%&#'%
%1%
4"0$'(
'> $
'%&#"B+"'%> 9(
1%1"#
"#"'!"*%(
!&''(
0/
" #6, $+
$+ +0#,
0#,(0#%*'$".
$". #,##$.
$. +0#
6 ' '+ .+
.+0#,
0#,# 6(#,M
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
) #$%)#$+,+
(#$,#
$%+ $,
?
H= &
%) ++0#0#- ,, '+ . #6,$"+
$"+0#'
0#'(#$,$"
(# +.( +#6
6
'
%+
+
#
),
,
,
*#
%
$
(
(
% $(#/ +0+
#
0+0#
*'#, --'( '#+ +0#$#
0#$#/ #"*'+ . )#/ CM
6= !&)*&-!/
(
$)*"9(
%1%1",0 #0 '%$"(
%$"( $+ *+ $
') +#
";"##"2%&(
)*/
$+'" &;%1"/
(
*")'(
)3
*"#%(
;(
*$%"(
''+"2%&
> %1(
'*&)2(
%(
&)
'1&+/
2 ##
##') $ +#%=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
+*"*#,#
!#(
/
$5
&2$;&)"
F+)"
!%(
-+'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
*$(0#,
/
$+)*1&;*&--"#*(
$/'"#4(
*"05
/
$+)*1&;*&--"#*(
$/'"#4(
*"05
/
$+)*1&;*&--"#*(
$/'"#4(
*"05
'' *+ $%#6 '*+ $ $
* -#<
#,, $, # $+
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
) #% + $
Country
No of
licences
Mobile
incumbents
Commercial
launch
(#$,#, $ * -#
Method
Date awarded
Sum paid, US$ million
Austria
6
4
Q1 2002
Auction
November 2000
Belgium
4
3
2002
Auction
March 2001
Czech Republic
2
2
Aug-Sep
2001
Auction
December 2001
Denmark
4
3
2002
Sealed bid Auction
September 2001
Finland
4
3
Q1 2002
Beauty contest + nominal
fee
March 1999
France
4 (2 still
to be
issued)
3
Mid 2002
Beauty contest + fee
July 2001
Germany
6
4
2002
Auction
August 2000
Greece
3
3
Q1 2002
Beauty contest + auction
July 2001
Italy
5
4
2002
Hybrid
October 2000
Netherlands
5
5
Jan 2002
Auction
July 2000
Norway
4
2
Beauty contest + fee
November 2000
88
Slovenia
1
2
Dec 2003
Cancelled auction
December 2001
82.2
Spain
4
3
Aug 2001
Beauty contest + fee
March 2000
480
Sweden
4
3
2002
Beauty contest
December 2000
44.1
Switzerland
4
2
2002
Auction
December 2000
UK
5
4
Jan 2002
Auction
April 2000
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
618
421.2
200
472
Nominal
4’520 (subsequently reduced
to 553 each)
About 7’690 each
414
10’180
369 to 667 each
119.8
6’100 to 9’100
&#
#,, $,+ # # $+. )
(#$,$"
(#,,
/
(
*")'(
)3*#"$%"2'(
3)(
;(
*$)%%#$)'(
%(
&)!#&0/
"-'(
)
-&0(
/
"-$#8"%'
+0'%$)%(
$/4$/
+"9$'"G%#$*%"2;#&- %1"-&0(
/
"-$#8"%@1(
31
/
(
*")'";""'> 2";/
$%(
)3'%&*8!#(
*"'$)29&#'")(
)32"0%
#$%(
)3'A>
"4"#";+)2(
)3!#&0/
"-'1$4"&**+##"2;&#*"#%$(
)&!"#$%&#'
@"=3=
, )(
9$5(
) &#%+3$/
A /
"$2(
)3%&2"/
$5'(
)#&/
/&+%
5(
$)2$!!/
(
*$%(
&)2"4"/
&!-")%'&#"4")9(
%12#$9$/;#&!#&*"''@ &#%+3$/
A>
1"#"9$'$'(
3)(
;(
*$)%(
)*#"$'"(
)%1"*&'%&;'+!!/
5>
-0$/
$)*"0"%9"")*&'%&;'+!!/
5$)2"G!"*%"22"-$)2$)2
!&%")%(
$/#"4")+"'(
) "-0"# %$%"'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
&#
&;
#,, $,+ # # $+. )
(#$,$"
(#,,
/
(
*")'(
)3$/
/
&9"2;&#2(
'%&#%(
&)'%&&**+#(
)%"#-'
1"(
-!$*%%1$%%1""4&/
+%(
&)&;-$#8"%"G!"*%$%(
&)'1$2
&4"#%(
-">
1")+-0"#&;/
(
*")'"'&;;"#"2 %1(
'(
);/
+")*"2%1")+-0"#
&;!&%")%(
$/*$)2(
2$%"'$)2'%(
-+/
$%"2*&-!"%(
%(
&)$-&)3'%
0(
22"#'>
1"'!"*(
;(
**1$#$*%"#(
'%(
*'&;%1"$9$#2'-"%1&2'$)2%1"
9$5(
)91(
*1%1"59"#"2"'(
3)"2!+'1"2%1"&!"#$%&#'0(
2+!
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
&#
#,, $,+ # # $+. )
(#$,$"
(#,,
%1"#'%$8"1&/
2"#'$#"$/
'&2"$/
(
)39(
%1%1"C0(
30"%D &)
")2 +'"#'>
+#&!"$)4")2&#'> *&)%")%2"4"/
&!"#'> $)23&4"#)-")%' *&)'(
2"#$0/
"
#"'&+#*"'$)2;+)2'1$4"0"")'!")%&)$)2*&--(
%%"2%&%1"#&/
/
&+%$)2
2"4"/
&!-")%&;
&#5"$#'%&*&-"> $'(
3)(
;(
*$)%-&#%3$3"1$'0"")!+%&)%1"'"*%&#(
)%1"
>(
)%"#-'&;;(
)$)*"'$)2!#&;(
%$0(
/
(
%5$)2!#&0$0/
5"4")(
)%"#-'&;%1"
(
)%#&2+*%(
&)&;$/
%"#)$%(
4"-&0(
/
"%"*1)&/
&3(
"'(
)%1"-$#8"%
/
/%1&'"(
)4&/
4"2 1$4"1$2%&#"4(
"9 %1"(
#'%#$%"3(
"'> (
)4"'%-"
-")%'
$)2"G!"*%$%(
&)'$)22"*(
2"&)!#(
&#(
%(
"'=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
,+ $
1" &+)*(
/&; (
)(
'%"#'&;%1" +#&!"$) )(
&)
'%$%"2$%(
%-""%(
)3&; ,: "*"-0"#
%1$%
C%1"#"(
'$)""2%&")'+#"%1"%#$)'!$#")*5&;%1"
&0/
(
3$%(
&)%&/
$+)*1%
1%1" '5'%"-'$)2%1")""2%&
'%$#%%1"2"0$%"'&)-&#";/
"G(
0/
"$!!#&$*1"'$
'$'%&%1"
'!"*%#+- +'"$
$
)
2
)
"
%
9&
#
8
(
)
;
#
$
'
%
#
+
*
%
+
#
"
'
1
$
#(
)3> $'
"
9"/
/$'%&%1"!&''(
0(
/
(
%(
"'&;(
);#$'%#+*%+#"'1$#(
)3>
'!"*%#+- #"$/
/
&*$%(
&)'
- ;&#$-&#"
)'&$'%&$(
";;"*%(
4"-$#8"%$)2$!!#&!#(
$%"*&&#2(
)$%(
&)$%
+#&!"$)/
"4"/
D
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
0 $"#,5 ' .( + $, $ +0#
* -# $ *$+ #,
$%"';&#%1"#&/
/&+%&;%1"
)"%9&#8$)2
%1"*&--")*"-")%&;%1"*&--"#*(
$/&;;"#&;
$%"';&#*&-!/
(
$)*"9(
%1*&4"#$3"&0/
(
3$%(
&)'
1$#(
)3&; );#$'%#+*%+#"'
G%")'(
&)&;%1"!"#(
&2&;4$/
(
2(
%5&;/
(
*")'"'
"%+#), (
%12#$9$/&;/
(
*")'"'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
1
=
3
=
1
3
1
#,, $,.
5
6# $)#$+,( $,%# $"
. +0#.*+* #
&4"#)-")%')&9 1$4"%1"&!!&#%+)(
%5%&2"'(
3)$
!#&*"''%1$%9(
/
/$/
/
&9 )$%(
&)$/-&0(
/
")"%9&#8'%&
2"4"/
&!$%$#$%"%1$%(
'0")";(
*(
$/%&%1"91&/
""*&)&-5
$)291(
*1(
'"G!"*%"2%&*&-!")'$%";&#/
&9"#/
(
*")'"
;""#"4")+"'>
&4"#)-")%'9(
/
/)&%)"*"''$#(
/
51$4"%1"*&-!/
(
*$%(
&)
&;1$4(
)3%&*#"$%";+%+#"/
"3(
'/
$%(
&)%&%$8"0$*8
/
(
*")'"';#&- ;$(
/
(
)3&!"#$%&#'@$'1$'1$!!")"2(
)
&#%+3$/$)2 !$(
)A=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
#,, $,.
( $,%# $"
6# $)#$+,
5
&4"#)-")%'9(
/
/1$4"%1"&!!&#%+)(
%5%&0"-&#"
*#"$%(
4"9(
%1%1"(
#!&/
(
*(
"'&)(
''+"'(
)*/
+2(
)3
(
);#$'%#+*%+#"'1$#(
)3> &0(
/
" (
#%+$/ "%9&#8
!"#$%&#'@
'A> $)2(
);#$'%#+*%+#"#&/
/&+%
'*1"2+/
"'=
1")*&-0(
)"29(
%1/
&9"#/
(
*")'";"""G!")'"'>
-&#";/
"G(
0/
"!&/
(
*(
"'9(
/
/3(
4"&!"#$%&#'-&#"
'%#$%"3(
*$)2;(
)$)*(
$/;/
"G(
0(
/
(
%5%&/
$+)*1
(
);#$'%#+*%+#"$)2'"#4(
*"!#&E
"*%'=
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
#,, $,.
( $,%# $"
6# $)#$+,
5
1"(
)2(
#"*%";;"*%'&;$9"/
/%1&+31%&+%
'%#$%"35> 91(
*11$'/
"$#)%;#&- !$'%/
"''&)'>
$#"/
(
8"/
5%&!#&-&%"(
);&#-$%(
&)%"*1)&/
&35
(
)4"'%-")%$)2"-!/
&5-")%")4(
#&)-")%'>
91(
*1*&+/
2-&#"%1$)&;;'"%%1"#"2+*"2
"G!"*%$%(
&)'&)/
(
*")'";""#"4")+"'
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
)- + $+( $,%# + $,.
" 6# $)#$+
9
&4"#)-")%$)2,&##"3+/
$%&#(
'
$'%$8"1&/
2"#$-&)3'%$8"1&/
2"#'0+%9(
%1$+)(
B+"$3")2$
3
""2%&*&)'(
2"#
%1"&4"#$/
/'"%&;&0E
"*%(
4"'%&0"!+#'+"2
3
3
;&*+'&)%1"/
&)3%"#9(
/
/1"/
!$4&(
2(
)$!!#&!#(
$%"'1&#%%"#- 2"*(
'(
&)'
1
5
1(
/
"$)$%(
&)$/-$%%"#> "''")%(
$/%&*&)'(
2"#5&+#'(
%+$%(
&)(
)$
)$)
(
)%"#)$%(
&)$/*&)%"G%
Sofie Maddens Toscano
Nairobi, 9-12 May 2005
0 $C *.
*
++#$+ $EE
.# %%#$, ,( $
#'#( ) ) *$( + $, $ "#) #$+
F 2 ', $ *'#6 % * +#;
'$"+ $ =
*- $(
#'< G A; B ? !
1 4< G A; B ? !
) '< , .#H +)"+#'#( ) ( )
2 # ,+#< 0++-<55///
5/// +)"+#'#( ) ( )
