Kansas Board of Regents Council of Faculty Senate Presidents Campus Employees’ Weapons Survey Prepared For The Kansas Board of Regents Council of Faculty Senate Presidents Prepared By Copyright © January 2016 Fort Hays State University 600 Park Street Hays, Kansas 67601-4099 Telephone: (785) 628-4197 FAX: (785) 628-4188 www.fhsu.edu/docking Gary Brinker, PhD Director Mike Walker, MS Assistant Director Jian Sun, PhD Research Scientist Bradley Pendergast, MPA Survey Center Manager Lynette Ottley Administrative Associate Mission: To Facilitate Effective Public Policy Decision-Making The staff of the Docking Institute of Public Affairs are dedicated to serving the people of Kansas and surrounding states. Kansas Board of Regents Council of Faculty Senate Presidents Campus Employees’ Weapons Survey Prepared By: Gary Brinker, PhD Director Docking Institute of Public Affairs Bethany Lennemann Student Research Assistant Docking Institute of Public Affairs Ryan L. Swayne Student Research Supervisor Docking Institute of Public Affairs Prepared For: The Kansas Board of Regents Council of Faculty Senate Presidents Copyright © January 2016 All Rights Reserved Table of Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. ii Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... 1 Methods ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Section I: Univariate Analysis ..................................................................................................... 5 Section II: Bivariate Analysis by School ....................................................................................15 Appendix A: Survey Instrument .................................................................................................40 List of Figures Figure 1: Policy Preference for Concealed Handguns on Campus ............................................. 5 Figure 2: Favor University Expending Resources for Adequate Security Measures ................... 5 Figure 3: How Seeing Screening Station Would Affect Sense of Safety ..................................... 6 Figure 4: Preference Regarding Guns in Classrooms ................................................................ 6 Figure 5: Preference Regarding Guns in Buildings Other than Residence Halls and Sporting Venues ............................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 6: Preference Regarding Guns in Faculty Offices............................................................ 7 Figure 7: Preference Regarding Guns in Lab Spaces ................................................................ 7 Figure 8: Preference Regarding Guns at Sporting Events .......................................................... 8 Figure 9: Preference Regarding Guns in Open Areas of Campus .............................................. 8 Figure 10: Preference Regarding Guns in Residential Buildings/Dormitories ............................. 8 Figure 11: Level of Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns ...................................... 9 Figure 12: Level of Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles.......... 9 Figure 13: Policy Preference for Requiring Permit for Concealed Carry ....................................10 Figure 14: How Allowing Concealed Carry Would Affect Decision to Work at University ...........10 Figure 15: Frequency of Discussing & Teaching View-Challenging Material Some Find Uncomfortable ...................................................................................................................11 Figure 16: How Allowing Guns on Campus Might Interact with Teaching ..................................11 Figure 17: How Allowing Guns on Campus Might Interact with Service, Outreach, and Research ....................................................................................................................12 Figure 18: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Various Groups Would Affect Feelings of Safety 13 Figure 19: How Allowing Concealed Carry Would Affect Campus Crime Levels .......................13 Figure 20: Confidence in Campus Police/Security Force’s Abilities ...........................................14 Figure 21: Primary Workplace of Respondents .........................................................................14 Figure 22: Policy Preference for Concealed Handguns on Campus by School .........................15 Figure 23: Favor University Expending Resources for Adequate Security Measures by School 16 Figure 24: How Seeing Screening Station Would Affect Sense of Safety by School .................16 Figure 25: Preference for Allowing Guns in Classrooms Carried by Faculty/Staff by School .....18 Figure 26: Preference for Allowing Guns in Classrooms Carried by Students by School ...........18 Figure 27: Preference for Allowing Guns in Classrooms Carried by Visitors by School .............18 The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page ii Figure 28: Preference Regarding Guns in Buildings other than Residence Halls and Sporting Venues Carried by Faculty/Staff by School........................................................................19 Figure 29: Preference Regarding Guns in Buildings other than Residence Halls and Sporting Venues Carried by Students by School .............................................................................19 Figure 30: Preference Regarding Guns in Buildings other than Residence Halls and Sporting Venues Carried by Visitors by School................................................................................19 Figure 31: Preference Regarding Guns in Faculty Offices Carried by Faculty/Staff by School ..20 Figure 32: Preference Regarding Guns in Faculty Offices Carried by Students by School ........20 Figure 33: Preference Regarding Guns in Faculty Offices Carried by Visitors by School ..........20 Figure 34: Preference Regarding Guns in Lab Spaces Carried by Faculty/Staff by School .......21 Figure 35: Preference Regarding Guns in Lab Spaces Carried by Students by School .............21 Figure 36: Preference Regarding Guns in Lab Spaces Carried by Visitors by School ...............21 Figure 37: Preference Regarding Guns at Sporting Events Carried by Faculty/Staff by School .22 Figure 38: Preference Regarding Guns at Sporting Events Carried by Students by School ......22 Figure 39: Preference Regarding Guns at Sporting Events Carried by Visitors by School .........22 Figure 40: Preference Regarding Guns in Open Areas of Campus Carried by Faculty/Staff by School ...............................................................................................................................23 Figure 41: Preference Regarding Guns in Open Areas of Campus Carried by Students by School ...............................................................................................................................23 Figure 42: Preference Regarding Guns in Open Areas of Campus Carried by Visitors by School ...............................................................................................................................23 Figure 43: Preference Regarding Guns in Residential Buildings/Dormitories Carried by Faculty/Staff by School ......................................................................................................24 Figure 44: Preference Regarding Guns in Residential Buildings/Dormitories Carried by Students by School ..........................................................................................................................24 Figure 45: Preference Regarding Guns in Residential Buildings/Dormitories Carried by Visitors by School ..........................................................................................................................24 Figure 46: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in Campus Police/Public Safety Offices by School ..............................................................................................................25 Figure 47: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in Locked Vehicles by School ....25 Figure 48: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in On-Campus Apartments by School ...............................................................................................................................26 Figure 49: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in Traditional Dorm Rooms by School ...............................................................................................................................26 The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page iii Figure 50: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in Academic Buildings by School ..........................................................................................................................27 Figure 51: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in Campus Police/Public Safety Offices by School ..............................................................................27 Figure 52: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in On-Campus Apartments by School .......................................................................................................28 Figure 53: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in Locked Vehicles by School ............................................................................................................28 Figure 54: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in Traditional Dorm Rooms by School.....................................................................................................29 Figure 55: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in Academic Buildings by School ...........................................................................................................29 Figure 56: Policy Preference for Requiring Permit for Concealed Carry by School ....................30 Figure 57: How Allowing Concealed Carry Would Affect Decision to Work at University by School ...............................................................................................................................30 Figure 58: Frequency of Discussing View-Challenging Material Others May Find Uncomfortable by School ..........................................................................................................................31 Figure 59: Frequency of Teaching View-Challenging Material Some Students May Find Uncomfortable by School ..................................................................................................31 Figure 60: Allowing Guns in My Classroom Would Negatively Impact My Course and How I Teach by School ...............................................................................................................32 Figure 61: Allowing Guns in My Classroom Limits Academic Freedom by School .....................32 Figure 62: I am Concerned That I Will Need to Change How I Teach If Guns Allowed In Classroom by School ........................................................................................................33 Figure 63: Allowing Guns on Campus Would Negatively Impact My Service/Outreach Work by School ...............................................................................................................................33 Figure 64: I am Concerned That I Will Need to Change How I Provide Services/Outreach Work If Guns Were Allowed by School .......................................................................................34 Figure 65: Allowing Guns on Campus Would Negatively Impact How I Conduct My Research by School ...............................................................................................................................34 Figure 66: I am Concerned That I Will Need to Change How I Conduct Research If Guns Were Allowed by School .............................................................................................................35 Figure 67: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Yourself Would Affect Feelings of Safety by School ...............................................................................................................................35 The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page iv Figure 68: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Faculty Would Affect Feelings of Safety by School ..........................................................................................................................36 Figure 69: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Staff Would Affect Feelings of Safety by School 36 Figure 70: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Students Would Affect Feelings of Safety by School ...............................................................................................................................37 Figure 71: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Students Would Affect Campus Crime Levels by School ...............................................................................................................................37 Figure 72: Confidence in Campus Police/Security Force’s Ability to Maintain a Safe Environment by School ..........................................................................................................................38 Figure 73: Confidence in Campus Police/Security Force’s Ability to Respond Quickly to an Active Shooter by School ..................................................................................................38 Figure 74: Confidence in Campus Police/Security Force’s Ability to Enforce a Gun-Free Policy by School ..........................................................................................................................39 Figure 75: Primary Workplace of Respondents by School .........................................................39 The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page v Executive Summary When asked their policy preference regarding concealed handguns on campus, the majority (70%) of respondents preferred amending the law so that guns are not allowed on campus, and 7% favored keeping the current law, but extending the exemption past 2017. Nearly one-fifth favored keeping the current law and allowing the exemption to expire, which would then allow guns on campus. The 4% who responded “Don’t Know” suggests that few do not have an opinion on this issue. Over half (54%) of respondents said they would favor their university expending the necessary resources to implement “adequate security measures,” 23% said it would depend upon the cost, 16% said they would not favor their university expending the necessary resources, and 7% said they did not know. When asked how seeing a screening station as they enter a university facility would affect their sense of safety, almost half (45%) of respondents indicated they would feel safer, 24% said they would feel less safe, 24% said it would not affect their sense of safety, and 7% said they did not know. Overall, the majority of respondents favored the prohibition of guns in all buildings, at sporting events, and in open areas of campus. Respondents were slightly more likely to favor allowing concealed carry by faculty and staff than students or visitors. Respondents were slightly more likely to favor prohibiting guns at sporting events than all other areas. Respondents were most likely to favor allowing concealed carry in open areas of campus by all groups and in faculty offices by faculty and staff. With the exception of campus police or public safety offices (63%), about 43% supported allowing the secure storage of handguns on campus, assuming guns are allowed on campus. There was slightly less opposition to secure storage in locked vehicles, and relatively few opposed secure storage in campus police or public safety offices. Opinions regarding the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles were similar. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 1 The vast majority of respondents (90%) favored requiring a permit to carry a concealed gun on campus, 7% favored allowing concealed carry without a permit, and 4% said they did not know. About half of respondents said they would be less likely to work at their university if concealed carry were allowed. Only 8% indicated they would be more likely to work at their university, and 42% said it would not affect their decision. Most respondents (68%) indicated they at least occasionally teach material that challenges some students’ views and deeply held beliefs in ways that some may find uncomfortable. Similarly, 70% said they discuss material that challenges views and deeply held beliefs in ways that others may find uncomfortable. Overall, the majority (70%) of respondents indicated allowing guns on campus would negatively impact their course and how they teach; 20% disagreed. Two-thirds (66%) of respondents said that allowing guns in the classroom limits their academic freedom to teach the material and engage with students in a way that optimizes learning, while 24% disagreed. Three-fifths (60%) of respondents agree they are concerned that they will need to change how they teach their course if guns are allowed in the classroom. Twenty-four percent disagreed. Over half (57%) of respondents indicated allowing guns on campus would negatively impact the service and/or outreach work they conduct with clients/community members on campus; 27% disagreed. Fifty-six percent of respondents said they are concerned that they will need to change how they provide services and/or outreach work they conduct with clients/community members on campus if guns were allowed; 28% disagreed. Nearly half (47%) of respondents agreed that allowing guns on campus would negatively impact how they conduct their research; 31% disagreed. Forty-four percent of respondents agree they are concerned that they will need to change how they conduct their research if guns are allowed. Overall, the majority of respondents indicated that allowing concealed carry on campus by all groups would make them feel less safe. Only 53% said they would feel less safe if they carried a concealed handgun. In contrast 82% said they The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 2 would feel less safe if students were allowed to carry concealed handguns on campus. Nearly half (46%) believe that allowing concealed carry on campus would increase campus crime levels, 16% thought it would decrease campus crime, 22% said it would not affect campus crime, and 16% said they did not know. Respondents were most confident in their campus police or security force’s ability to maintain a safe environment, with 68% indicating they are at least somewhat confident. Respondents had the least confidence in their campus police or security force’s ability to enforce a gun-free policy, with only 46% being at least somewhat confident. Respondents were most evenly divided in their level of confidence with their campus police or security forces’ ability to respond quickly to an active shooter, with 59% expressing that they are at least somewhat confident. The majority (91%) of respondents indicated their primary work occurs oncampus. Only 9% said their primary work occurs off-campus. There was fairly consistent variation between the schools on average level of support or opposition to allowing guns on campus. Overall, respondents from KU tended to express the most opposition to allowing guns on campus, while those from FHSU and PSU tended to express the most support. The greatest variation between schools tended to be in their preference for allowing or prohibiting concealed carry by faculty and staff in the various areas of campus. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 3 Methods The Kansas Board of Regents Council of Faculty Senate Presidents, in collaboration with the Regents University Support Staff Council, commissioned The Docking Institute of Public Affairs to conduct a study to gather faculty and staff opinions and policy preferences regarding guns on Regents university campuses. The Faculty Senate Presidents from seven of the Regents universities (Emporia State University, Fort Hays State University, Kansas University, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas State University, Pittsburg State University, and Wichita State University) helped obtain email addresses of all faculty and staff employed at their respective universities. The survey instrument was constructed by researchers at the Docking Institute of Public Affairs and sent to the Faculty Senate Presidents for review and modification. Once the final draft of the survey instrument was approved by the Faculty Senate Presidents and the FHSU Institutional Review Board, the survey was launched on December 3rd, and a total of 20,151 faculty and staff were invited to participate. The subjects were surveyed using Qualtrics online survey software. Each subject received an e-mail that described the sponsor and purpose of the study, its voluntary and confidential nature, and provided an invitation to participate or opt out of the study. Reminders were sent out on December 8th and December 15th to all subjects who had not yet completed the survey. Data collection ended on January 4th, and a total of 10,886 responses were received, resulting in a response rate of 54.0%. The response rate for each school can be seen in the table below. There is no margin of error, since all faculty and staff were invited to participate in the study. The data were downloaded to SPSS, and all identity information was immediately purged from sample and data files. University Population ESU FHSU KSU KU KUMC PSU WSU Total 863 835 6,348 5,242 3,750 1,063 2,050 20,151 Number of Responses 434 560 3,342 3,392 1,644 543 971 10,886 Response Rate 50.3% 67.1% 52.6% 64.7% 43.8% 51.1% 47.4% 54.0% The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Percent of Study 4.0% 5.1% 30.7% 31.2% 15.1% 5.0% 8.9% 100.0% Page 4 Section I: Univariate Analysis Figure 1: Policy Preference for Concealed Handguns on Campus 70% 0% 10% 20% 30% 7% 40% 50% 60% 70% 19% 80% 90% 4% 100% Amend the law so that guns are NOT allowed on campus Keep current law, but extend the exemption past 2017 Keep current law and allow the exemption to expire Don't know Q1 In 2013, a state law was passed stipulating that state buildings, including college and university buildings, could not prohibit concealed carry of handguns unless a building has "adequate security measures." Colleges and universities were given an exemption from the law until July 1, 2017, but by that date they must put in place "adequate security measures" or will be required to allow concealed carry in college and university buildings. "Weapons Fact Sheet" Which of the following best matches your personal policy preference for campus gun laws? When asked their policy preference regarding concealed handguns on campus, the majority (70%) of respondents preferred amending the law so that guns are not allowed on campus, and 7% favored keeping the current law, but extending the exemption past 2017. Nearly one-fifth favored keeping the current law and allowing the exemption to expire, which would then allow guns on campus. The 4% who said they did not know suggests that few do not have an opinion on this issue. Figure 2: Favor University Expending Resources for “Adequate Security Measures” 54% 0% 10% Yes 20% 30% 23% 40% Depends on cost 50% 60% No 16% 70% 80% 7% 90% 100% Don't know Q2 If the current law remains in place and the exemption is allowed to expire, would you favor your university expending the necessary resources to implement "adequate security measures?" Over half (54%) of respondents said they would favor their university expending the necessary resources to implement “adequate security measures,” 23% said it would depend upon the cost, 16% said they would not favor their university expending the necessary resources, and 7% said they did not know. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 5 Figure 3: How Seeing Screening Station Would Affect Sense of Safety 14% 0% 10% 10% 20% Much Less Safe 24% 30% Somewhat Less Safe 29% 40% 50% 60% Would Not Affect 16% 70% 7% 80% Somewhat Safer 90% Much Safer 100% Don't know Q3 Imagine you are walking into a university facility and you see a screening station. How would seeing this affect your sense of safety? When asked how seeing a screening station as they enter a university facility would affect their sense of safety, almost half (45%) of respondents indicated they would feel safer, 24% said they would feel less safe, 24% said it would not affect their sense of safety, and 7% said they did not know. Overall, the majority of respondents favored the prohibition of guns in all buildings, at sporting events, and in open areas of campus. However, respondents were slightly more likely to favor allowing concealed carry by faculty and staff than students or visitors. Respondents were slightly more likely to favor prohibiting guns at sporting events than all other areas, and were most likely to favor allowing concealed carry in open areas of campus by all groups and in faculty offices by faculty and staff. Figure 4: Preference Regarding Guns in Classrooms Carried by: 73% Faculty/Staff 27% Students 84% 16% Visitors 86% 14% 0% 20% Prohibit all guns 40% 60% 80% 100% Allow concealed carry Q4 Concealed carry is the practice of carrying a concealed handgun on one's person in public. As of July 2015, any person eligible to own a gun may carry a concealed gun in public without obtaining a permit or training. However, you must be 21 years of age or older to purchase a handgun. Please indicate your preference regarding guns in classrooms. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 6 Figure 5: Preference Regarding Guns in Buildings Other than Residence Halls and Sporting Venues Carried by: 73% Faculty/Staff 27% Students 84% 16% Visitors 85% 15% 0% 20% 40% Prohibit all guns 60% 80% 100% Allow concealed carry Q5 Please indicate your preference regarding guns in buildings other than residence halls and sporting venues. (Academic buildings, offices, student union, etc.) Figure 6: Preference Regarding Guns in Faculty Offices Carried by: 71% Faculty/Staff 29% Students 86% 14% Visitors 87% 13% 0% 20% 40% Prohibit all guns 60% 80% 100% Allow concealed carry Q5a Please indicate your preference regarding guns in faculty offices. Figure 7: Preference Regarding Guns in Lab Spaces Carried by: 76% Faculty/Staff 24% Students 86% 14% Visitors 88% 12% 0% 20% Prohibit all guns 40% 60% 80% 100% Allow concealed carry Q5b Please indicate your preference regarding guns in lab spaces. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 7 Figure 8: Preference Regarding Guns at Sporting Events Carried by: 81% Faculty/Staff 19% Students 89% 11% Visitors 88% 12% 0% 20% 40% Prohibit all guns 60% 80% 100% Allow concealed carry Q6 Please indicate your preference regarding guns at sporting events. Figure 9: Preference Regarding Guns in Open Areas of Campus Carried by: 71% Faculty/Staff 29% Students 80% 20% Visitors 81% 19% 0% 20% 40% Prohibit all guns 60% 80% 100% Allow concealed carry Q7 Please indicate your preference regarding guns in open areas of campus.(Sidewalks, grassy areas, parking lots, etc.). Figure 10: Preference Regarding Guns in Residential Buildings/Dormitories Carried by: 76% Faculty/Staff Students Visitors 0% 20% Prohibit all guns 24% 85% 15% 87% 13% 40% 60% 80% 100% Allow concealed carry Q8 Please indicate your preference regarding guns in residential buildings/dormitories. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 8 Figure 11: Level of Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in: Campus Police/Public Safety Office 18% 4% 15% 32% Locked Vehicles On- Campus Apartments 13% 9% 39% 50% 16% 11% 33% 7% 11% 9% 34% 8% 35% Traditional Dorm Rooms 43% 6% 9% Academic Buildings 42% 6% 10% 0% Strongly Oppose 10% 20% Somewhat Oppose 30% 40% 50% Neither Oppose nor Support 8% 60% 33% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support Q9 Assuming guns are allowed on campus, please rate your level of support or opposition regarding the secure storage of handguns in the following areas on campus? (Require storage in a safe or a trigger lock) With the exception of campus police or public safety offices (63%), about 43% supported allowing the secure storage of handguns on campus, assuming guns are allowed on campus. There was slightly less opposition to allowing secure storage in locked vehicles, and relatively few opposed allowing secure storage in campus police or public safety offices. Figure 12: Level of Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in: Campus Police/Public Safety Office 23% 15% 35% Locked Vehicles On- Campus Apartments 12% 8% 41% Traditional Dorm Rooms 45% 46% Academic Buildings 0% Strongly Oppose 4% 10% 20% Somewhat Oppose 46% 15% 9% 33% 6% 10% 8% 35% 5% 8% 7% 35% 6% 9% 5% 30% 40% 50% Neither Oppose nor Support 60% 33% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support Q10 Assuming guns are allowed on campus, please rate your level of support or opposition regarding the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles in the following areas on campus? (Require storage in a safe or a trigger lock) With the exception of campus police or public safety offices (58%), about 41% supported allowing the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles on campus. There was slightly less opposition to allowing secure storage in locked vehicles, and relatively few opposed allowing secure storage in campus police or public safety offices. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 9 Figure 13: Policy Preference for Requiring Permit for Concealed Carry 90% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 7% 4% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Require a permit to carry a concealed gun on campus Do not require a permit to carry a concealed gun on campus Don't know Q11 Assuming concealed carry is allowed on campus, what is your policy preference? The vast majority of respondents (90%) favored requiring a permit to carry a concealed gun on campus, 7% favored allowing concealed carry without a permit, and 4% said they did not know. Figure 14: How Allowing Concealed Carry Would Affect Decision to Work at University 51% 0% 10% 20% 30% Less Likely to Work There 42% 40% 50% 60% Would Not Affect 70% 8% 80% 90% 100% More Likely to Work There Q12 How would allowing concealed carry on your campus affect your decision to work at this university? Over half (51%) of the respondents said they would be less likely to work at their university if concealed carry were allowed. Only 8% indicated they would be more likely to work at their university, and 42% said it would not affect their decision. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 10 Figure 15: Frequency of Discussing & Teaching View-Challenging Material Some Find Uncomfortable Teach View-Challenging/ Uncomfortable Material Discuss View-Challenging/ Uncomfortable Material 0% 29% 39% 27% 43% 10% 20% 30% Regularly 40% 33% 30% 50% 60% 70% Occasionally 80% 90% 100% Seldom Q13 How often do you discuss material that challenges views and deeply held beliefs in ways that others may find uncomfortable? Q14 How often do you teach material that challenges some students' views and deeply held beliefs in ways that they may find uncomfortable? Most respondents (68%) indicated they at least occasionally teach material that challenges some students’ views and deeply held beliefs in ways that some may find uncomfortable. Similarly, 70% said they discuss material that challenges views and deeply held beliefs in ways that some may find uncomfortable. Figure 16: How Allowing Guns on Campus Might Interact with Teaching Allowing guns in my classroom would negatively impact my course and how I teach. 15% 5% 11% 16% Allowing guns in the classroom limits my academic freedom to teach the material and engage with the students in a way that optimizes learning. 17% 6% 12% I am concerned that I will need to change how I teach my course if guns are allowed in the classroom. 17% 7% 0% Strongly Disagree 20% Somewhat Disagree 54% 14% 16% 52% 18% 40% Neutral 42% 60% Somewhat Agree 80% 100% Strongly Agree Q15 We are interested in understanding whether and how authorizing guns on campus and in classrooms might interact with the educational, research, and outreach missions and efforts of faculty. Please answer each of the questions below by indicating your level of agreement or disagreement to each statement. I am concerned that I will need to change how I teach my course if guns are allowed in the classroom. Allowing guns in the classroom limits my academic freedom to teach the material and engage with the students in a way that optimizes learning. Allowing guns in my classroom would negatively impact my course and how I teach. Figures 16 and 17 are ordered by level of agreement with each statement. Overall, the majority (70%) of respondents indicated allowing guns on campus would negatively impact their course and how they teach; only 20% disagreed. Two-thirds (66%) of respondents said that allowing The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 11 guns in the classroom limits their academic freedom to teach the material and engage with students in a way that optimizes learning; while only 23% disagreed. Three-fifths (60%) of respondents agree they are concerned that they will need to change how they teach their course if guns are allowed in the classroom; only 24% disagreed. Figure 17: How Allowing Guns on Campus Might Interact with Service, Outreach, and Research Allowing guns on campus would negatively impact the service and/or outreach work I conduct with clients/community members on campus. 20% 7% 15% 18% 39% I am concerned that I will need to change how I provide services and/or outreach work I conduct with clients/community members on campus if guns are allowed. 21% 7% 16% 17% 39% Allowing guns on campus would negatively impact how I conduct my research. 23% I am concerned that I will need to change how I conduct my research if guns are allowed. 24% 0% Strongly Disagree 10% 8% 9% 20% Somewhat Disagree 30% Neutral 22% 15% 23% 40% 32% 14% 50% 60% Somewhat Agree 30% 70% 80% 90% 100% Strongly Agree Q16 Please answer each of the questions below by indicating your level of agreement or disagreement to each statement. I am concerned that I will need to change how I conduct my research if guns are allowed. Allowing guns on campus would negatively impact how I conduct my research. I am concerned that I will need to change how I provide services and/or outreach work I conduct with clients/community members on campus if guns are allowed. Allowing guns on campus would negatively impact the service and/or outreach work I conduct with clients/community members on campus. Over half (57%) of respondents indicated allowing guns on campus would negatively impact the service and/or outreach work they conduct with clients/community members on campus; only 27% disagreed. Similarly, 56% of respondents said they are concerned that they will need to change how they provide services and/or outreach work they conduct with clients/community members on campus if guns were allowed; only 28% disagreed. Nearly half (47%) of respondents agreed that allowing guns on campus would negatively impact how they conduct their research; only 31% disagreed. Forty-four percent of respondents agree they are concerned that they will need to change how they conduct their research if guns are allowed. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 12 Figure 18: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Various Groups Would Affect Feelings of Safety 44% Yourself 9% 24% 10% 13% Faculty 55% 16% 9% 11% 9% Staff 56% 15% 9% 11% 9% 14% 8% 5% 5% 68% Students 0% 10% Much Less Safe 20% 30% 40% Somewhat Less Safe 50% 60% Would Not Affect 70% 80% 90% Somewhat Safer 100% Much Safer Q17 If the following were allowed to carry concealed handguns on campus, how would that affect your feelings of safety? Overall, the majority of respondents indicated that allowing concealed carry on campus by all groups would make them feel less safe. Only 53% said they would feel less safe if they carried a concealed handgun. In contrast 82% said they would feel less safe if students were allowed to carry concealed handguns on campus. Figure 19: How Allowing Concealed Carry Would Affect Campus Crime Levels 20% 0% 10% Greatly Increase 26% 20% 30% Somewhat Increase 22% 40% 50% Would Not Affect 60% 10% 70% Somewhat Decrease 6% 80% 16% 90% Greatly Decrease 100% Don't know Q18 In your opinion, how would allowing concealed carry on campus affect campus crime levels? Nearly half (46%) believe that allowing concealed carry on campus would increase campus crime levels, 16% thought it would decrease campus crime levels, 22% said it would not affect campus crime levels, and 16% said they did not know. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 13 Figure 20: Confidence in Campus Police/Security Force’s Ability to: Maintain a Safe Environment 10% Respond Quickly to an Active Shooter 22% 17% Enforce a GunFree Policy 47% 24% 38% 28% 0% 10% 21% 26% 20% Not Confident at All 21% 30% 32% 40% A Little Confident 50% 60% 70% Somewhat Confident 14% 80% 90% 100% Extremely Confident Q19 Please rate your level of confidence in your campus police or security force's ability to... Respondents were most confident in their campus police or security force’s ability to maintain a safe environment, with 68% indicating they are at least somewhat confident. Respondents had the least confidence in their campus police or security force’s ability to enforce a gun-free policy, with only 46% being at least somewhat confident. Respondents were most evenly divided in their level of confidence with their campus police or security force’s ability to respond quickly to an active shooter, with 59% indicating that they are at least somewhat confident. Figure 21: Primary Workplace of Respondents 91% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% On Campus 9% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Off Campus Q20 My primary work occurs... The majority (91%) of respondents indicated their primary work occurs on campus, while only 9% said their primary work occurs off campus. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 14 Section II: Bivariate Analysis by School Figure 22: Policy Preference for Concealed Handguns on Campus by School 82% KU 71% ESU University 4% 11% 2% 9% 69% KUMC 7% 66% WSU 7% 63% KSU 9% PSU 61% 6% FHSU 60% 9% 70% All Universities 0% 20% 40% 19% 19% 4% 21% 6% 25% 4% 28% 27% 7% 60% 1% 19% 80% 5% 4% 4% 100% Amend the law so that guns are NOT allowed on campus Keep current law, but extend the exemption past 2017 Keep current law and allow the exemption to expire Don't know Overall, 70% of respondents favor amending the current law so that guns are not allowed on campus. Nearly one-fifth (19%) favor keeping the current law and allowing the exemption to expire, which would then allow guns on campus. Seven percent prefer to maintain the status quo, which exempts universities from having to allow concealed carry in their campus buildings. Four percent of respondents indicated they did not know which policy preference they preferred. Respondents from KU (82%) were, by far, the most likely to favor prohibiting guns on campus, followed by ESU (71%). In contrast, respondents from PSU (28%), FHSU (27%), and KSU (25%) were most likely to favor allowing guns on campus. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 15 Figure 23: Favor University Expending Resources for “Adequate Security Measures” by School 64% University KUMC 11% KU 56% WSU 54% 14% FHSU 53% 19% PSU 52% KSU 48% ESU 47% 15% 0% 10% 20% 20% 17% Yes 40% No 50% 24% 8% 5% 25% 7% 25% 8% 27% 16% 30% 21% 6% 8% 24% 16% 54% All Universities 19% 60% 9% 23% 70% 7% 80% Depends on cost 90% 100% Don't know Respondents from KUMC (64%) and KU (56%) were most likely to favor their universities expending resources for “adequate security measures,” while KSU (20%) and FHSU (19%) were most likely to oppose their universities expending resources. Figure 24: How Seeing Screening Station Would Affect Sense of Safety by School 17% University KU 12% 22% 27% 14% 8% WSU 12% 12% 26% 28% 14% 8% KSU 14% 11% 26% 28% 15% 7% ESU 14% 8% 25% FHSU 13% 9% 26% 11% PSU 9% KUMC 0% 10% 20% Somewhat Less Safe 35% 24% 30% 40% Would Not Affect 60% Somewhat Safer 6% 21% 6% 16% 70% 4% 18% 29% 50% 6% 17% 32% 23% 10% 18% 30% 25% 8% 14% All Universities Much Less Safe 8% 28% 80% Much Safer 90% 7% 100% Don't Know Respondents from KUMC (56%) and PSU (50%) were the most likely to indicate that seeing a screening station would make them feel safer, while KU respondents (29%) were most likely to indicate that seeing a screening station would make them feel less safe. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 16 Overall, the majority of respondents favored the prohibition of guns in all buildings, at sporting events, and in open areas of campus. However, respondents were slightly more likely to favor allowing concealed carry by faculty and staff than students or visitors. Respondents were slightly more likely to favor prohibiting guns at sporting events than all other areas, and were most likely to favor allowing concealed carry in open areas of campus by all groups and in faculty offices by faculty and staff. In general, respondents from FHSU, KSU, and PSU were consistently the most likely to favor allowing concealed carry across all areas of campus. In contrast, respondents from KU, KUMC, and ESU tended to be the most likely to favor prohibiting all guns across all areas of campus. These results are displayed on the following pages in Figures 25-45. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 17 Figure 25: Preference for Allowing Guns in Classrooms Carried by Faculty/Staff by School 85% 75% 74% 68% 65% 63% 62% 73% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU FHSU PSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 15% 25% 26% 32% 35% 37% 38% 27% 50% Prohibit all guns 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 26: Preference for Allowing Guns in Classrooms Carried by Students by School 92% 86% 85% 82% 80% 79% 78% 84% KU University ESU KUMC WSU FHSU KSU PSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 8% 14% 15% 18% 20% 21% 22% 16% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 27: Preference for Allowing Guns in Classrooms Carried by Visitors by School 92% 88% 87% 85% 81% 81% 80% 86% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU FHSU PSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% Prohibit all guns 30% 40% 8% 12% 13% 15% 19% 19% 20% 14% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 18 Figure 28: Preference Regarding Guns in Buildings other than Residence Halls and Sporting Venues Carried by Faculty/Staff by School 85% 75% 73% 68% 65% 63% 62% 73% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU FHSU PSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 15% 25% 27% 32% 35% 37% 38% 27% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 29: Preference Regarding Guns in Buildings other than Residence Halls and Sporting Venues Carried by Students by School 92% 86% 85% 82% 80% 79% 78% 84% KU University ESU KUMC WSU FHSU KSU PSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 50% 8% 14% 15% 18% 20% 21% 22% 16% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 30: Preference Regarding Guns in Buildings other than Residence Halls and Sporting Venues Carried by Visitors by School 92% 88% 86% 84% 81% 80% 80% 85% KU University KUMC ESU WSU FHSU PSU KSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% Prohibit all guns 30% 40% 50% 8% 12% 14% 16% 19% 20% 20% 15% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 19 Figure 31: Preference Regarding Guns in Faculty Offices Carried by Faculty/Staff by School 84% 73% 72% 66% 63% 60% 59% 71% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU PSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 16% 27% 28% 34% 37% 40% 41% 29% 50% Prohibit all guns 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 32: Preference Regarding Guns in Faculty Offices Carried by Students by School 92% 88% 87% 84% 81% 81% 80% 86% KU University ESU KUMC WSU FHSU PSU KSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 8% 12% 13% 16% 19% 19% 20% 14% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 33: Preference Regarding Guns in Faculty Offices Carried by Visitors by School 92% 89% 88% 86% 82% 82% 81% 87% KU University KUMC ESU WSU PSU FHSU KSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% Prohibit all guns 30% 40% 50% 8% 11% 12% 14% 18% 18% 19% 13% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 20 Figure 34: Preference Regarding Guns in Lab Spaces Carried by Faculty/Staff by School 87% 77% 76% 73% 69% 66% 65% 76% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU PSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 13% 23% 24% 27% 31% 34% 35% 24% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 35: Preference Regarding Guns in Lab Spaces Carried by Students by School 93% 87% 87% 85% 82% 81% 81% 86% KU University KUMC ESU WSU PSU KSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 50% 7% 13% 13% 15% 18% 19% 19% 14% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 36: Preference Regarding Guns in Lab Spaces Carried by Visitors by School 93% 90% 88% 86% 83% 83% 81% 88% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU PSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% Prohibit all guns 30% 40% 50% 7% 10% 12% 14% 17% 17% 19% 12% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 21 Figure 37: Preference Regarding Guns at Sporting Events Carried by Faculty/Staff by School 89% 81% 80% 80% 76% 73% 69% 81% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU PSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 11% 19% 20% 20% 24% 27% 31% 19% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 38: Preference Regarding Guns at Sporting Events Carried by Students by School 94% 90% 88% 88% 86% 85% 82% 89% KU University KUMC WSU ESU PSU KSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 50% 6% 10% 12% 12% 14% 15% 18% 11% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 39: Preference Regarding Guns at Sporting Events Carried by Visitors by School 93% 90% 88% 88% 85% 84% 81% 88% KU University KUMC WSU ESU PSU KSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% Prohibit all guns 30% 40% 50% 7% 10% 12% 12% 15% 16% 19% 12% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 22 Figure 40: Preference Regarding Guns in Open Areas of Campus Carried by Faculty/Staff by School 83% 71% 71% 66% 64% 60% 60% 71% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU PSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 17% 29% 29% 34% 36% 40% 40% 29% 50% Prohibit all guns 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 41: Preference Regarding Guns in Open Areas of Campus Carried by Students by School 89% 80% 80% 77% 74% 73% 72% 80% KU University ESU KUMC WSU KSU FHSU PSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 11% 20% 20% 23% 26% 27% 28% 20% 50% Prohibit all guns 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 42: Preference Regarding Guns in Open Areas of Campus Carried by Visitors by School 89% 82% 81% 80% 76% 74% 73% 81% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU FHSU PSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% Prohibit all guns 30% 40% 11% 18% 19% 20% 24% 26% 27% 19% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 23 Figure 43: Preference Regarding Guns in Residential Buildings/Dormitories Carried by Faculty/Staff by School 87% 77% 75% 73% 68% 68% 66% 76% KU University ESU KUMC WSU KSU PSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 13% 23% 25% 27% 32% 32% 34% 24% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 44: Preference Regarding Guns in Residential Buildings/Dormitories Carried by Students by School 92% 88% 84% 83% 81% 80% 79% 85% KU University ESU WSU KUMC PSU FHSU KSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Prohibit all guns 8% 12% 16% 17% 19% 20% 21% 15% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry Figure 45: Preference Regarding Guns in Residential Buildings/Dormitories Carried by Visitors by School 92% 89% 87% 87% 83% 83% 82% 87% KU University ESU KUMC WSU PSU KSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% Prohibit all guns 30% 40% 50% 8% 11% 13% 13% 17% 17% 18% 13% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Allow concealed carry The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 24 Figure 46: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in Campus Police/Public Safety Offices by School 17% ESU 13% WSU 5% 12% 17% 20% KUMC University 3% 14% 55% 14% 4% 13% 52% 14% 49% 12% 51% FHSU 17% 5% 15% KSU 18% 4% 16% 12% 49% KU 19% 4% 16% 13% 49% 22% PSU All Universities 0% Strongly Oppose 6% 12% 18% 4% 15% 10% 20% 30% Somewhat Oppose 12% 48% 13% 40% 50% 50% 60% Neither Oppose nor Support 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support While the level of support for allowing the secure storage of handguns in campus police/public safety offices was fairly consistent across all schools, respondents from ESU (67%) and WSU (66%) were most likely to support this. In contrast, respondents from PSU (28%) were the most likely to oppose allowing the secure storage of handguns in campus police/public safety offices. Figure 47: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in Locked Vehicles by School 24% University WSU 8% 19% 7% 12% 17% 38% PSU 28% 16% 32% FHSU 29% 10% 15% 13% 33% KSU 30% 9% 17% 13% ESU 30% 6% 20% 10% KU 35% 9% 15% 8% KUMC 34% 10% 15% 10% 32% All Universities 0% Strongly Oppose 10% 20% Somewhat Oppose 9% 30% 40% 16% 50% Neither Oppose nor Support 32% 34% 33% 31% 11% 60% 33% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support Respondents from WSU (50%) and PSU (48%) were most likely to support allowing the secure storage of handguns in locked vehicles, while KUMC (44%) and KU (44%) were most likely to oppose. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 25 Figure 48: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in On-Campus Apartments by School 32% University WSU 6% 10% 11% 41% PSU 36% 9% 10% 12% 34% KSU 37% 7% 12% 11% 34% ESU FHSU 40% 4% 13% 7% 38% 8% 10% 11% KUMC 42% 7% KU 43% 6% 10% 6% 39% All Universities 0% Strongly Oppose 10% 30% 40% 50% 33% 10% 7% 11% 20% Somewhat Oppose 9% 36% 31% 35% 9% 60% Neither Oppose nor Support 34% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support While there was little variation between schools, respondents from WSU (52%) had the highest level of support for allowing the secure storage of handguns in on-campus apartments. In contrast, nearly half (49%) of respondents from KU and KUMC opposed. Figure 49: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in Traditional Dorm Rooms by School 35% University WSU 5% 9% PSU 39% 8% KSU 41% FHSU 40% 9% 42% 10% 34% 6% 10% 9% 34% 8% 9% 33% 44% ESU 9% 9% 3% 10% 6% KU 46% 4% 9% 5% KUMC 46% 7% 8% 43% All Universities 0% Strongly Oppose 10% 20% Somewhat Oppose 6% 9% 30% 40% 50% Neither Oppose nor Support 36% 36% 8% 31% 8% 60% 35% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support With the exception of WSU respondents (51%), who were most likely to support, the level of support for allowing the secure storage of handguns in traditional dorm rooms was fairly consistent. In contrast, respondents from KUMC (53%) and KU (50%) were most likely to oppose. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 26 Figure 50: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Handguns in Academic Buildings by School 34% University WSU 5% 10% 11% 40% PSU 40% 7% 11% 11% 32% FHSU 40% 8% 10% 10% 32% KSU 40% 7% 10% 32% 43% ESU KU 46% KUMC 46% 0% Strongly Oppose 10% 35% 4% 9% 5% 35% 6% 10% 20% 30% Somewhat Oppose 5% 10% 6% 7% 8% 42% All Universities 12% 40% 50% Neither Oppose nor Support 8% 30% 8% 60% 33% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support With the exception of WSU respondents (51%), who were most likely to support, the level of support for allowing the secure storage of handguns in academic buildings was fairly consistent. In contrast, respondents from KUMC (53%) and KU (50%) were most likely to oppose. University Figure 51: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in Campus Police/Public Safety Offices by School ESU 19% 3% 15% FHSU 18% 6% 13% 51% 16% 11% 48% 11% 48% WSU 20% 5% 16% KSU 21% 5% 16% 13% 46% PSU 22% 6% 14% 13% 45% 24% 4% 15% 11% 46% KU 27% KUMC 23% All Universities 0% Strongly Oppose 4% 10% 4% 20% Somewhat Oppose 14% 15% 30% 12% 42% 12% 40% 50% Neither Oppose nor Support 46% 60% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support While there was little variation between schools, respondents from ESU (64%) were most likely to support allowing the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles in campus police/public safety offices. KUMC respondents (31%) were most likely to oppose. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 27 Figure 52: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in OnCampus Apartments by School WSU 36% PSU 36% 9% 8% 9% 42% 11% 35% 40% 4% 12% 8% 36% KSU 38% 7% 10% 34% FHSU 38% ESU University 6% 8% 9% 45% KU 10% 5% 8% 41% All Universities 0% 10% 20% Somewhat Oppose 10% 32% 6% 9% 5% 47% KUMC Strongly Oppose 11% 35% 8% 31% 6% 10% 8% 30% 40% 50% 35% 60% Neither Oppose nor Support 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support Respondents from WSU (50%) had the highest level of support for allowing the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles in on-campus apartments. KUMC (52%) and KU (51%) respondents had the highest levels of opposition. Figure 53: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in Locked Vehicles by School 27% University PSU 7% 17% WSU 31% 7% FHSU 30% 9% ESU 29% 35% All Universities 0% 10% 20% Somewhat Oppose 8% 30% 33% 10% 35% 40% 11% 14% 8% 38% 13% 16% 41% KUMC Strongly Oppose 20% 7% 34% 9% 15% 8% 39% KU 15% 6% 32% KSU 14% 7% 13% 15% 50% Neither Oppose nor Support 33% 33% 9% 9% 60% 30% 33% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support The schools were fairly consistent in their level of support for allowing the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles in locked vehicles. KUMC and KU respondents were both least likely to support and most likely to oppose the secure storage of shotguns and hunting riles in locked vehicles. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 28 University Figure 54: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in Traditional Dorm Rooms by School WSU 39% 5% 7% 6% PSU 39% 7% 8% 44% ESU 11% 42% 6% 10% FHSU 41% 10% 48% 0% Strongly Oppose 10% 20% 9% 33% 35% 6% 7% 6% 5% 8% 7% 30% Somewhat Oppose 34% 4% 8% 4% 45% All Universities 37% 8% 8% 50% KUMC 34% 3% 9% 7% KSU KU 42% 40% 50% 60% Neither Oppose nor Support 31% 35% 70% 80% 90% Somewhat Support 100% Strongly Support The schools were fairly consistent in level of support for allowing the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles in traditional dorm rooms, with the exception of KUMC respondents, who were both least likely to support and most likely to oppose the secure storage of shotguns and hunting riles in traditional dorm rooms. Figure 55: Support for Allowing Secure Storage of Shotguns and Hunting Rifles in Academic Buildings by School 41% University WSU 5% 9% 5% 40% ESU 45% 4% 10% 6% 35% PSU 44% 6% 11% 33% KSU 44% 7% 49% KU 0% 10% 20% Somewhat Oppose 32% 12% 34% 6% 31% 6% 8% 5% 46% All Universities Strongly Oppose 9% 52% KUMC 11% 7% 4% 8% 4% 41% FHSU 7% 6% 9% 5% 30% 40% 50% Neither Oppose nor Support 60% 29% 33% 70% 80% Somewhat Support 90% 100% Strongly Support Respondents from WSU (45%) were most likely to support allowing the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles in academic buildings, while KUMC respondents (58%) were most likely to oppose. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 29 University Figure 56: Policy Preference for Requiring Permit for Concealed Carry by School ESU 93% 4% 3% KUMC 92% 5% 3% KU 91% 4% 4% KSU 88% 8% 3% WSU 88% 8% 4% FHSU 88% 11% 1% 86% PSU 9% 90% All Universities 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 7% 60% 70% 80% 90% 5% 4% 100% Require a permit to carry a concealed gun on campus Do not require a permit to carry a concealed gun on campus Don't know There was very little variation between schools on their policy preference for requiring a permit for concealed carry. At least 86% of respondents from each school support requiring a permit. Figure 57: How Allowing Concealed Carry Would Affect Decision to Work at University by School 61% 51% 50% 47% 45% 39% 38% 51% KU University KUMC ESU WSU KSU PSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% Less Likely to Work There 30% 35% 41% 44% 46% 45% 50% 51% 42% 40% 50% 60% Would Not Affect 70% 80% 4% 8% 6% 7% 10% 11% 11% 8% 90% 100% More Likely to Work There KU had the highest percentage (61%) of respondents saying they would be less likely to work at their University if concealed carry was allowed and lowest percentage (4%) saying they would be more likely. In contrast, FHSU and PSU had the highest percentage (11%) of respondents saying they would be more likely, and lowest percentage (38%/39%) saying they would be less likely, to work at their University if concealed carry was allowed. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 30 Figure 58: Frequency of Discussing View-Challenging Material Others May Find Uncomfortable by School 28% 31% 31% 28% 25% 24% 21% 27% FHSU ESU University KU WSU PSU KSU KUMC All Universities 0% 20% Regularly 49% 43% 42% 43% 44% 43% 43% 43% 40% 24% 26% 27% 29% 31% 32% 36% 30% 60% Occasionally 80% 100% Seldom There was some variation between each school regarding the frequency of discussing material that challenges views and deeply held beliefs in ways that others may find uncomfortable. Respondents from ESU (31%) and KU (31%) were most likely to say they discuss challenging material regularly, while KUMC respondents were least likely. Figure 59: Frequency of Teaching View-Challenging Material Some Students May Find Uncomfortable by School 33% 34% 29% 31% 27% 27% 19% 29% ESU KU University FHSU WSU PSU KSU KUMC All Universities 0% 20% Regularly 41% 39% 43% 38% 38% 37% 27% 27% 28% 32% 35% 36% 44% 33% 38% 38% 40% Occasionally 60% 80% 100% Seldom Respondents from ESU (74%), KU (73%) and FHSU (72%) indicated the highest likelihood of teaching material that challenges some students’ views and deeply held beliefs in ways that they may find uncomfortable at least occasionally, while KUMC respondents were least likely (57%). The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 31 Figure 60: Allowing Guns in My Classroom Would Negatively Impact My Course and How I Teach by School 9% 3% 7% 15% 12% 5% 12% 15% 13% 5% 13% 19% 13% 5% 14% 15% 18% 5% 12% 16% 23% 6% 13% 17% 22% 8% 16% 17% 15% 5% 11% 16% KU University ESU WSU KUMC KSU PSU FHSU All Universities 0% 10% Strongly Disagree 20% 30% 40% Somewhat Disagree 50% 65% 55% 50% 53% 49% 42% 38% 54% 60% Neutral 70% 80% Somewhat Agree 90% 100% Strongly Agree While the majority of respondents (70%) agreed that allowing guns in the classrooms would negatively impact their course and how they teach, respondents from KU (80%) were most likely to agree, while those from FHSU (55%) and PSU (59%) respondents were the least likely to agree. Figure 61: Allowing Guns in My Classroom Limits Academic Freedom by School 11% 4% 9% University KU 13% 64% WSU 15% 7% 11% 18% ESU 15% 5% 16% 12% 17% KUMC 21% KSU 5% 16% 6% 23% PSU 7% 27% FHSU 17% All Universities 0% Strongly Disagree 10% 12% 47% 13% 48% 14% 20% 40% 30% 14% 12% 6% 12% Somewhat Disagree 53% 15% 12% 9% 50% Neutral 43% 14% 38% 52% 50% 60% 70% Somewhat Agree 80% 90% 100% Strongly Agree Two-thirds (66%) of the respondents from all schools agreed allowing guns in their classrooms limits their academic freedom to teach the material and engage with the students in a way that optimizes learning, with KU respondents (77%) being the most likely to agree. Respondents from FHSU (52%) were least likely to agree. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 32 Figure 62: I am Concerned That I Will Need to Change How I Teach If Guns Are Allowed In the Classroom by School 11% 5% KU 16% University WSU 13% 19% 8% 16% 17% ESU 18% 8% 18% KUMC 18% 8% 19% 20% KSU 51% 8% 15% 17% FHSU 26% 9% 15% PSU 24% 10% 16% 17% All Universities 0% Strongly Disagree 7% 10% 20% 43% 16% 42% 17% 38% 17% 38% 18% 33% 22% 28% 18% 30% 40% Somewhat Disagree 42% 50% Neutral 60% 70% 80% Somewhat Agree 90% 100% Strongly Agree The majority of respondents from all schools (60%) agree that they are concerned that they will need to change how they teach their courses if guns are allowed in the classroom. Respondents from KU (70%) were the most likely to agree, while those from PSU (50%) and FHSU (51%) were the least likely to agree. Figure 63: Allowing Guns on Campus Would Negatively Impact My Service/Outreach Work by School 12% 5% University KU KUMC 18% ESU 20% 13% 7% 9% 20% All Universities 0% Strongly Disagree 10% 15% 7% 20% 30% Somewhat Disagree 28% 15% 18% 15% 34% 18% 22% 8% 36% 16% 16% 13% 30% FHSU 40% 22% 9% 19% WSU 17% 16% 29% PSU 49% 17% 7% 26% KSU 20% 31% 18% 18% 40% Neutral 50% 26% 39% 60% 70% Somewhat Agree 80% 90% 100% Strongly Agree Respondents from KU (69%) were the most likely to agree that allowing guns on campus would negatively impact the service and/or outreach work they conduct with clients/community members on campus. FHSU (38%) and PSU (38%) respondents were most likely to disagree. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 33 Figure 64: I am Concerned That I Will Need to Change How I Provide Services/Outreach Work If Guns Were Allowed by School 12% 5% 14% 19% 19% 6% 16% 19% 21% 7% 18% 17% 26% 8% 15% 16% 29% 8% 16% 17% 30% 7% 17% 19% 23% 12% 24% 12% 21% 7% 16% 17% KU University KUMC ESU KSU PSU FHSU WSU All Universities 0% Strongly Disagree 10% 20% 30% 40% Somewhat Disagree 50% Neutral 60% 49% 39% 37% 34% 29% 27% 29% 39% 70% 80% Somewhat Agree 90% 100% Strongly Agree Respondents from KU (68%) were most likely to agree they are concerned that they will need to change how they provide services and/or outreach work they conduct with clients/community members on campus if guns are allowed. WSU respondents (41%) were the least likely to report the same. Figure 65: Allowing Guns on Campus Would Negatively Impact How I Conduct My Research by School 15% University KU 7% 22% WSU 20% 9% KUMC 20% 8% ESU 20% 18% 29% PSU 30% 8% 23% 0% Strongly Disagree 10% 20% 30% 29% 13% 28% 26% 10% Somewhat Disagree 24% 22% 40% Neutral 32% 12% 22% 13% 8% 37% 16% 26% 36% All Universities 38% 16% 23% 13% KSU FHSU 17% 12% 19% 14% 17% 15% 50% 60% 32% 70% Somewhat Agree 80% 90% 100% Strongly Agree KU (55%) and WSU (53%) respondents showed the highest level of agreement with the statement “Allowing guns on campus would negatively impact how I conduct my research.” Respondents from FHSU (31%) and PSU (31%) were the least likely to agree, and the most likely to disagree (46%/43%). The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 34 Figure 66: I am Concerned That I Will Need to Change How I Conduct Research If Guns Were Allowed by School 19% WSU 17% KU University 9% 9% 20% KUMC 10% 25% 9% 0% Strongly Disagree 10% 23% 9% 20% 26% 26% 12% 27% 40% Somewhat Disagree 28% 13% 23% 30% 30% 13% 10% 24% All Universities 15% 12% 36% FHSU 36% 24% 31% PSU 38% 15% 11% 30% KSU 17% 22% 23% ESU 18% 19% 11% 14% 50% 60% Neutral 16% 30% 70% 80% Somewhat Agree 90% 100% Strongly Agree Respondents from WSU (55%) and KU (51%) were the most likely to agree they are concerned that they will need to change how they conduct their research if guns are allowed. FHSU (27%) and PSU (31%) were the least likely to agree. University Figure 67: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Yourself Would Affect Feelings of Safety by School PSU 31% 10% FHSU 31% 10% 24% 30% KSU 37% 10% WSU 39% 9% 25% 26% KUMC 44% 9% ESU 43% 9% 55% KU 0% Much Less Safe 10% 20% Somewhat Less Safe 9% 30% 40% 50% Would Not Affect 23% 13% 16% 12% 17% 12% 24% 15% 10% 29% 9% 43% All Universities 11% 7% 22% 24% 60% 13% 70% 12% 6% 8% 10% 80% Somewhat Safer 13% 90% 100% Much Safer PSU respondents (34%) were the most likely to indicate being allowed to carry a concealed handgun on campus would increase their feelings of safety. In contrast, respondents from KU (64%) were the most likely to indicate being allowed to carry a concealed handgun on campus would decrease their feelings of safety. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 35 Figure 68: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Faculty Would Affect Feelings of Safety by School 41% 40% 47% 50% 57% 54% PSU University FHSU KSU WSU KUMC ESU 18% 11% 16% 19% 13% 17% 16% 10% 13% 16% 10% 13% 15% 8% 11% 16% 13% 9% 14% 7% 16% 9% 11% 69% KU 55% All Universities 0% Much Less Safe 10% 20% 30% Somewhat Less Safe 40% 50% 60% Would Not Affect 70% 80% Somewhat Safer 13% 11% 13% 11% 9% 8% 5% 5% 9% 90% 100% Much Safer Overall, the majority of respondents reported that allowing faculty to carry a concealed handgun on campus would make them feel less safe, with KU respondents (83%) being the most likely to report they would feel less safe. Figure 69: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Staff Would Affect Feelings of Safety by School 41% 39% 48% 50% 58% 55% 69% 56% PSU University FHSU KSU WSU KUMC ESU KU All Universities 0% Much Less Safe 10% 20% Somewhat Less Safe 30% 18% 19% 40% 11% 16% 14% 13% 16% 12% 16% 10% 13% 13% 15% 10% 13% 11% 14% 9% 10% 9% 15% 12% 9% 8% 14% 7% 6% 5% 15% 9% 11% 9% 50% Would Not Affect 60% 70% Somewhat Safer 80% 90% 100% Much Safer While the majority of respondents from all schools indicated that allowing staff to carry a concealed handgun on campus would decrease their feelings of safety, KU (83%) respondents were much more likely to indicate they would feel less safe. PSU (30%), FHSU (28%), KSU (26%), and WSU (24%) respondents were slightly more likely to indicate allowing concealed carry by staff would increase their feelings of safety. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 36 Figure 70: How Allowing Concealed Carry by Students Would Affect Feelings of Safety by School 57% 54% 60% 64% 66% 68% PSU FHSU University KSU WSU KUMC ESU 18% 10% 7% 8% 20% 11% 9% 5% 16% 10% 7% 7% 16% 9% 6% 5% 14% 9% 5% 6% 15% 11% 3% 3% 9% 5% 2% 2% 14% 8% 5% 5% 81% KU 68% All Universities 0% 10% Much Less Safe 20% 30% Somewhat Less Safe 40% 50% 60% Would Not Affect 70% 80% Somewhat Safer 90% 100% Much Safer Compared to the other groups, a higher percentage of respondents from all schools felt that allowing concealed carry by students would make them feel less safe, with KU respondents feeling most strongly (90%). Figure 71: How Allowing Concealed Carry Would Affect Campus Crime Levels by School 27% 19% 19% 20% 16% 15% 14% 20% KU University ESU KUMC WSU KSU FHSU PSU All Universities 0% Greatly Increase 10% 30% 26% 25% 22% 24% 23% 21% 26% 20% Somewhat Increase 30% 19% 23% 24% 23% 24% 24% 26% 22% 40% No Affect 50% 60% Somewhat Decrease 6% 3% 15% 8% 4% 20% 10% 7% 16% 12% 8% 15% 12% 8% 16% 14% 7% 18% 13% 8% 18% 10% 6% 16% 70% 80% Greatly Decrease 90% 100% Don't know There was considerable variation between the schools regarding how concealed carry would affect campus crime, with KU respondents (57%) being most likely to believe it would cause crime to increase. Those from PSU (35%) and FHSU (38%) were least likely to believe concealed carry would increase campus crime. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 37 Figure 72: Confidence in Campus Police/Security Force’s Ability to Maintain a Safe Environment by School PSU University ESU KUMC KSU FHSU WSU KU All Universities 9% 9% 7% 9% 10% 10% 11% 10% 0% 19% 19% 23% 22% 23% 23% 23% 22% 10% Not Confident at All 20% 49% 46% 46% 47% 47% 49% 47% 47% 30% A Little Confident 40% 50% 60% 23% 25% 25% 22% 20% 18% 19% 21% 70% Somewhat Confident 80% 90% 100% Extremely Confident Overall, there was little variation between schools with regard to level of confidence in campus police/security force’s ability to maintain a safe environment. Figure 73: Confidence in Campus Police/Security Force’s Ability to Respond Quickly to an Active Shooter by School 13% 17% 15% 17% 19% 20% 19% 17% KUMC University WSU FHSU KSU ESU PSU KU All Universities 0% Not Confident at All 10% 22% 24% 26% 24% 23% 24% 26% 24% 20% 30% A Little Confident 39% 40% 38% 38% 35% 36% 36% 38% 40% 50% 60% Somewhat Confident 25% 19% 22% 21% 23% 19% 19% 21% 70% 80% 90% 100% Extremely Confident Although there was little variation between schools with regard to level of confidence in campus police/security force’s ability to respond quickly to an active shooter, KUMC respondents had a slightly higher level of confidence. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 38 Figure 74: Confidence in Campus Police/Security Force’s Ability to Enforce a Gun-Free Policy by School 25% 26% 26% 29% 26% 29% 31% 28% KUMC University ESU KU PSU FHSU KSU WSU All Universities 0% 10% Not Confident at All 20% 26% 25% 26% 24% 28% 26% 26% 26% 30% 40% A Little Confident 32% 31% 33% 33% 33% 30% 32% 32% 50% 60% 70% Somewhat Confident 17% 18% 14% 14% 13% 14% 11% 14% 80% 90% 100% Extremely Confident Overall, there was little variation between schools with regard to level of confidence in campus police/security force’s ability to enforce a gun-free policy. Figure 75: Primary Workplace of Respondents by School 97% 96% 94% 91% 88% 87% 87% 91% FHSU University PSU KU ESU KUMC KSU WSU All Universities 0% 10% 20% On-Campus 30% 40% 50% 3% 4% 6% 9% 12% 13% 13% 9% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Off-Campus Most respondents from all schools indicated their primary work occurs on campus. Respondents from WSU (13%), KSU (13%), and KUMC (12%) were slightly more likely to indicate their primary work occurs off campus. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 39 Appendix A: Survey Instrument Q1 In 2013, a state law was passed stipulating that state buildings, including college and university buildings, could not prohibit concealed carry of handguns unless a building has "adequate security measures." Colleges and universities were given an exemption from the law until July 1, 2017, but by that date they must put in place "adequate security measures" or will be required to allow concealed carry in college and university buildings. "Weapons Fact Sheet" Which of the following best matches your personal policy preference for campus gun laws? Amend the law so that guns are NOT allowed on campus Keep current law, but extend the exemption past 2017 Keep current law and allow the exemption to expire Don't know Q2 If the current law remains in place and the exemption is allowed to expire, would you favor your university expending the necessary resources to implement "adequate security measures?" Yes No Depends on cost Don't know Q3 Imagine you are walking into a university facility and you see a screening station. How would seeing this affect your sense of safety? Much less safe Somewhat less safe It would not affect my feelings of safety Somewhat safer Much safer Don't know Q4 Concealed carry is the practice of carrying a concealed handgun on one's person in public. As of July 2015, any person eligible to own a gun may carry a concealed gun in public without obtaining a permit or training. However, you must be 21 years of age or older to purchase a handgun. Please indicate your preference regarding guns in classrooms. Prohibit all guns Allow concealed carry For Faculty/staff For Students For Visitors The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 40 Q5 Please indicate your preference regarding guns in buildings other than residence halls and sporting venues. (Academic buildings, offices, student union, etc.) Prohibit all guns Allow concealed carry For Faculty/staff For Students For Visitors Q5a Please indicate your preference regarding guns in faculty offices. Prohibit all guns Allow concealed carry Not Applicable For Faculty/staff For Students For Visitors Q5b Please indicate your preference regarding guns in lab spaces. Prohibit all guns Allow concealed carry Not Applicable For Faculty/staff For Students For Visitors Q6 Please indicate your preference regarding guns at sporting events. Prohibit all guns Allow concealed carry For Faculty/staff For Students For Visitors Q7 Please indicate your preference regarding guns in open areas of campus. (Sidewalks, grassy areas, parking lots, etc.) Prohibit all guns Allow concealed carry For Faculty/staff For Students For Visitors The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 41 Q8 Please indicate your preference regarding guns in residential buildings/dormitories. Prohibit all guns Allow concealed carry For Faculty/staff For Students For Visitors Q9 Assuming guns are allowed on campus, please rate your level of support or opposition regarding the secure storage of handguns in the following areas on campus? (Require storage in a safe or a trigger lock) Strongly Oppose Somewhat Oppose Neither Oppose nor Support Somewhat Support Strongly Support Traditional dorm rooms On-campus apartments Locked vehicles in parking lots Academic buildings Campus police/public safety offices Q10 Assuming guns are allowed on campus, please rate your level of support or opposition regarding the secure storage of shotguns and hunting rifles in the following areas on campus? (Require storage in a safe or a trigger lock) Strongly Oppose Somewhat Oppose Neither Oppose nor Support Somewhat Support Strongly Support Traditional dorm rooms On-campus apartments Locked vehicles in parking lots Academic buildings Campus police/public safety offices Q11 Assuming concealed carry is allowed on campus, what is your policy preference? Require a permit to carry a concealed gun on campus Do not require a permit to carry a concealed gun on campus Don't know The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 42 Q12 How would allowing concealed carry on your campus affect your decision to work at this university? Less likely to work there Would not affect decision to work there More likely to work there Q13 How often do you discuss material that challenges views and deeply held beliefs in ways that others may find uncomfortable? Regularly Occasionally Seldom Not Applicable Q14 How often do you teach material that challenges some students' views and deeply held beliefs in ways that they may find uncomfortable? Regularly Occasionally Seldom Not Applicable Q15 We are interested in understanding whether and how authorizing guns on campus and in classrooms might interact with the educational, research, and outreach missions and efforts of faculty. Please answer each of the questions below by indicating your level of agreement or disagreement to each statement. Strongly Disagree Somewhat Disagree Neutral Somewhat Agree Strongly Agree Not Applicable Allowing guns in my classroom would negatively impact my course and how I teach. I am concerned that I will need to change how I teach my course if guns are allowed in the classroom. Allowing guns in the classroom limits my academic freedom to teach the material and engage with the students in a way that optimizes learning. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 43 Q16 Please answer each of the questions below by indicating your level of agreement or disagreement to each statement. Strongly Disagree Allowing guns on campus would negatively impact how I conduct my research. I am concerned that I will need to change how I conduct my research if guns are allowed. Somewhat Disagree Neutral Somewhat Agree Strongly Agree Not Applicable Allowing guns on campus would negatively impact the service and/or outreach work I conduct with clients/community members on campus. I am concerned that I will need to change how I provide services and/or outreach work I conduct with clients/community members on campus if guns are allowed. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 44 Q17 If the following were allowed to carry concealed handguns on campus, how would that affect your feelings of safety? Much Less Safe Somewhat Less Safe Would Not Affect Somewhat Safer Much Safer Yourself Students Faculty Staff Q18 In your opinion, how would allowing concealed carry on campus affect campus crime levels? Greatly increase crime Somewhat increase crime Would have no effect on crime Somewhat decrease crime Greatly decrease crime Don't know Q19 Please rate your level of confidence in your campus police or security force's ability to... Not Confident at All A Little Confident Somewhat Confident Extremely Confident maintain a safe environment. respond quickly to an active shooter. enforce a gun-free policy. Q20 My primary work occurs... on campus. off campus. The Docking Institute of Public Affairs, Fort Hays State University 2016 Page 45