ROAD SAFETY AUDIT
Union Street Corridor
from West Columbus Avenue to Main Street
City of Springfield
December 15, 2015
Prepared For:
MassDOT Highway Division
Prepared By:
Nitsch Engineering
2 Center Plaza, Suite 430
Boston, MA 02108
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Table of Contents
Project Data ................................................................................................................................. 1
Background ................................................................................................................................. 3
Project Location and Description .............................................................................................. 3
Audit Observations ..................................................................................................................... 9
Potential Safety Enhancements ............................................................................................... 17
Summary of Road Safety Audit ............................................................................................... 21
List of Tables
Table 1. Participating Audit Team Members ........................................................................................ 1
Table 2. Time Frame and Costs Breakdown ....................................................................................... 21
Tables 3–6. Potential Safety Enhancement Summaries……………………………………….….22-25
List of Figures
Figure L-1: Locus Map ........................................................................................................................... 2
Figure 1: Audit Study Area Map ........................................................................................................... 6
Figure 2: Study Intersections 1 and 2.................................................................................................... 7
Figure 3: Study Intersection 3................................................................................................................ 8
List of Appendices
Appendix A: RSA Meeting Agenda
Appendix B: RSA Audit Team Contact List
Appendix C: Detailed Crash Data
Appendix D: Volume Data
Appendix E: Road Safety Audit References
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Project Data
Nitsch Engineering has been retained by TEC, Inc. on behalf of BlueTarp reDevelopment, LLC to
complete a series of Road Safety Audits (RSAs) for the Massachusetts Department of Transportation
(MassDOT), which are associated with the design of a proposed MGM casino redevelopment in
Springfield, Massachusetts. MassDOT requested RSAs for eight locations in the vicinity of the proposed
MGM site, which is located in the City of Springfield and bounded by Main Street to the north, East
Columbus Avenue to the south, Union Street to the east, and State Street to the west. The Locus Map of
the study area, including the proposed MGM site and the eight RSA locations, is shown in Figure L-1.
This report outlines the third of the eight locations, referred to as the “Union Street Corridor”. The Union
Street Corridor is roughly 0.2 miles in length, borders the south side of project site, and includes the
following intersections:



Union Street at West Union Street and West Columbus Avenue
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue
Union Street at Main Street
The RSA for Union Street occurred on Thursday, October 29, 2015. As indicated in Table 1 below, the
audit team consisted of representatives from the City of Springfield, MassDOT Traffic Operations and
Highway Safety, MassDOT District 2, Pioneer Valley Planning Commission, Partners for a Healthier
Community, and TEC, Inc. The group observed operations with respect to safety at the study intersections
and this report documents the audit team’s findings. The RSA agenda can be found in Appendix A.
Contact information for the team members can be found in Appendix B.
Table 1. Participating Audit Team Members
Name
Jane Davis
Jeff Bandini
Samuel Gregorio
John Mastera
Dmitriy Mayboroda
William Van Duzer
Khyati Parmar
Joy Martin
Luke Hayes
Connor M. Knightly
Kathy Wicks
Agency/Affiliation
Nitsch Engineering
Nitsch Engineering
TEC, Inc.
MassDOT Highway Safety
Fuss & O’Neill (Representing the City of Springfield)
Fuss & O’Neill (Representing the City of Springfield)
Pioneer Valley Planning Commission
Davenport Companies
MassDOT District 2 – Traffic
Springfield Department of Public Works – Eng.
Partners for a Healthier Community
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Figure L-1: Locus Map
MGM Springfield Road Safety Audits
Location 3: Union Street Corridor
Springfield, MA
Data Source: MassGIS
Nitsch Project #11214
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Background
The Road Safety Audit (RSA) is one of the first steps in the design process as well as a necessary step for
the project to be eligible to receive Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) federal funds for
construction, if applicable. Due to the nature of these RSAs in relation to the proposed MGM Casino
redevelopment, not all locations are HSIP eligible. For Union Street Corridor, the following intersections
are eligible for HSIP funding:


Union Street at East Columbus Avenue
Union Street at Main Street
The goal of the RSA is to identify potential safety issues that can be addressed with short-term
improvements, immediately or in the near future, and long-term improvements that can be incorporated
into a future design project.
The RSA is a multidisciplinary collaborative process by state, municipal, law enforcement, public works,
and design consultants. The process involves conducting a meeting to discuss current crash data and
safety issues at the site, visiting the site to discuss possible solutions that would improve safety, and
preparing a written report that outlines the safety issues discussed along with the costs and timeline for
implementing improvements.
Project Location and Description
The Audit Study Area Map of Union Street is shown in Figure 1. The existing conditions for each study
intersection are described below and aerial maps of each study intersection are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
The Union Street Corridor is roughly 0.2 miles in length and borders the east side of proposed MGM site.
Union Street is classified as an urban collector that runs in an east-west direction through the study area,
with its western terminus at the intersection with West Columbus Street and West Union Street, and its
eastern terminus at Colton Street. The roadway is maintained by the City of Springfield and has no posted
speed limit in the vicinity of the study area, however the City notes a 30 mph speed limit unless otherwise
posted.
Union Street at West Union Street and West Columbus Avenue
Union Street, West Union Street, and West Columbus Avenue intersect to form a four-way signalized
intersection, with Union Street approaching from the east, West Union Street approaching from the west,
and West Columbus Avenue approaching from the north and south.
Approaching from the east, Union Street consists of one shared through/left-turn lane and one exclusive
left-turn lane, separated by a double yellow center line (DYCL) from two departure lanes. Approaching
from the west, West Union Street consists of one shared through/right-turn lane separated by a DYCL
from one departure lane. Approaching from the north, West Columbus Avenue permits one-way travel
towards the intersection and consists of one shared through/right-turn lane, one through lane, one shared
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through/left-turn lane, and one exclusive left-turn lane. Approaching from the south, West Columbus
Avenue permits one-way travel away from the intersection and consists of three general purpose lanes,
the left lane acting as an on-ramp to I-91.
West Union Street is classified as a local road that runs in an east-west direction through the audit area.
The roadway is approximately 150 feet long and serves as an extension of Union Street to access the
parking lots and Connecticut Riverwalk and Bikeway located on the west side of West Columbus
Avenue. The roadway is maintained by the City of Springfield and has no posted speed limit, however the
City notes a 30 mph speed limit unless otherwise posted.
West Columbus Avenue is classified as an urban minor arterial that runs in a north-south direction
through the study area, with its northern terminus at the intersection of Clinton Street and the U.S. Route
20 ramp, and its southern terminus at the intersection of Main Street and Interstate 91 (I-91) ramps. The
roadway is maintained by the City of Springfield, except for the sections of roadways and ramps in the
vicinity of the I-91, which are maintained by MassDOT. West Columbus Avenue has a posted speed limit
of 35 mph in the vicinity of the intersection.
TEC, Inc. evaluated the last four years of available crash data (2011 – 2014) from the City of Springfield
to establish a crash rate at the intersection to compare to the average Statewide crash rate1 of 0.80 per
Million Entering Vehicles (MEV), and the average crash rate for District 2, which includes the City of
Springfield, of 0.82 per MEV, for signalized intersections. For the four year period of 2011-2014, a total
of 22 crashes were documented, yielding a crash rate of 0.89 per MEV, which is slightly above both the
Statewide and District 2 averages.
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue
Union Street and East Columbus Avenue intersect to form a four-way signalized intersection, with Union
Street approaching from the east and west, and East Columbus Avenue approaching from the north and
south.
Approaching from the east, Union Street consists of one shared through/right-turn lane separated by a
DYCL from two departure lanes. Approaching from the west, Union Street consists of two general
purpose lanes separated by a DYCL from two departure lanes. Approaching from the south, East
Columbus Avenue permits one-way travel towards the intersection and consists of four lanes: one shared
through/right-turn lane, one through lane to continue on East Columbus, one through lane to I-91 north,
and one shared through/left-turn lane to I-91 north or Union Street. The north leg of East Columbus
Avenue permits one-way travel away from the intersection and consists of three lanes, one through lane to
I-91 north and two to continue on East Columbus Avenue.
East Columbus Avenue is classified as an urban minor arterial that runs in a north-south direction through
the study area, with its northern terminus at the intersection of Clinton Street and the U.S. Route 20/I-91
ramps, and its southern terminus at the intersection of Bruno Street and I-91/U.S. Route 5 ramps. The
roadway is maintained by the City of Springfield, except for the sections of roadway in the direct vicinity
1
2010 Average Crash Rates, per Million Entering Vehicles, by Intersection Type, MassDOT, Highway Division
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of the I-91 ramps, which are maintained by MassDOT. East Columbus Avenue has a posted speed limit of
35 mph in the vicinity of the intersection.
For the four year period of 2011-2014, a total of 59 crashes were documented, yielding a crash rate of
1.91 per MEV, which is above both the Statewide and District 2 averages of 0.80 per MEV and 0.82 per
MEV, respectively.
Union Street at Main Street
Union Street and Main Street intersect to form a four-way signalized intersection, with Union Street
approaching from the east and west, and Main Street approaching from the north and south. Approaching
from the east and west, Union Street consists of one general purpose lane in each direction separated by a
DYCL. Approaching from the north and south, Main Street consists of one general purpose lane in each
direction separated by a DYCL. Parking lanes are present on the east and west sides of Main Street.
Main Street is classified as an urban principal arterial that runs in a north-south direction through the audit
area, with its northern terminus at the Chicopee City Line where it becomes Center Street, and its
southern terminus at West Columbus Avenue. The roadway is maintained by the City of Springfield and
has no posted speed limit, however the City notes a 30 mph speed limit unless otherwise posted.
For the four year period of 2011-2014, a total of 28 crashes were documented, yielding a crash rate of
0.88 per MEV, which is slightly above both the Statewide and District 2 averages of 0.80 per MEV and
0.82 per MEV, respectively.
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Figure 1: Audit Study Area Map
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Figure 2: Study Intersections 1 and 2
MGM Springfield Road Safety Audits
Union Street at West Union Street and West Columbus Avenue
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue
Springfield, MA
Data Source: MassGIS
Nitsch Project #11214
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Figure 3: Study Intersection 3
MGM Springfield Road Safety Audits
Union Street at Main Street
Springfield, MA
Data Source: MassGIS
Nitsch Project #11214
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Audit Observations
Based on a summary of the existing crash information and the RSA site visit, audit participants identified
both corridor-wide safety issues and safety issues that were unique to each of the individual intersections.
The findings are summarized below.
Union Street Corridor
The following deficiencies were noted to be corridor-wide issues:


Pedestrian Accessibility and Behavior:
o
Audit participants observed pedestrians crossing Union Street between intersections and
during the “Don’t Walk” phases at the intersections.
o
Accessible Pedestrian Signals (APS) are not present at the pedestrian signals at the
intersections.
Bicycle Accessibility and Cyclist Behavior:
o
Cyclists were observed biking on sidewalks, traveling in the opposite direction of traffic
flow along the roadways, and crossing the roadways with little attention to passing
vehicle traffic.
o
Bicycle accommodation is present only in the form of shared vehicle/bicycle lanes.
Union Street at West Union Street at West Columbus Avenue

Traffic Operations:
o
Audit participants observed that vehicles exiting the I-91 southbound ramp just north of
the intersection used the shared through/left-turn lane primarily as a left-turn only lane,
since the through movement from that lane leads directly to the I-91 southbound onramp. As a result of this lane configuration, vehicles exiting the I-91 southbound ramp
that wish to continue southbound on West Columbus Avenue must weave across two
lanes immediately upon exiting the ramp to avoid being trapped in the left-turn lane or
tracking onto the I-91 southbound ramp.
o
Left-turning vehicles from West Columbus Avenue southbound onto Union Street
eastbound frequently track over the Union Street double yellow center line (DYCL) and
Union Street westbound stop line. Audit participants observed a number of vehicles on
Union Street westbound stopping in advance of the stop line to provide the extra space
for these left-turning vehicles to execute the movement.
o
Left-turning vehicles from the double left-turn lanes on West Columbus Avenue
southbound frequently do not stay within the desired vehicle track while. This is
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particularly problematic for large trucks that require a larger turning radius and are forced
to encroach the adjacent lane while turning. The trucks have limited visibility of other
vehicles turning simultaneously or changing lanes. Furthermore, the receiving lanes on
Union Street under the I-91 bridge may necessitate abrupt lane changes for vehicles to be
in the proper lane at the intersection with East Columbus.
The large truck utilizing the shared through/ left-turn lane
encroaches on the exclusive left-turn lane
o


The crash reports indicated an issue with rear-end collisions along the West Columbus
Avenue southbound approach. The yellow and red clearance interval may be insufficient
given the existing conditions.
Visibility, Signage and Pavement Markings:
o
The lane designation signage is only present on West Columbus in advance of the
intersection and may not be visible to vehicles traveling in the exclusive left-turn lane and
vehicles exiting the I-91 southbound ramp.
o
The lane designation pavement markings on the West Columbus Avenue southbound
approach are faded and illegible. Lane utilization at the shared through/left-turn lane may
be confusing due to the faded pavement markings and the existing green signal
indications.
o
The ambient lighting and shadow casting near the intersection may be poor due to the
presence of the I-91 Bridge over Union Street, located just east of the intersection.
Pedestrian Accessibility:
o
Pedestrian push buttons, which are not compliant with current standards, are present for
the east-west crossing of West Columbus Avenue on the south side of the intersection
and the north-south crossing of West Union Street, however, the intersection operates
with concurrent pedestrian phasing without push-button activation. Throughout the
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intersection, pedestrian ramps are present but do not contain detectable warning panels.
Pedestrian signal heads do not contain the recommended signal countdown display.
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue

Traffic Operations, Traffic Signals, Lane Designation, Pavement Markings, and Visibility:
o
The existing signal indications for East Columbus Avenue northbound are inconsistent
with the lane designation, as indicated on the overhead guide sign south of the
intersection. The left-turn arrow correctly corresponds with the left-turn lane and the
green ball correctly corresponds with the through and shared through/right-turn lanes,
however, a 45-degree left arrow, which corresponds with the second lane from the left, is
inconsistent with the designated through-only movement shown on the advanced signage.
This signal indication is presumably due to the presence of the I-91 northbound on-ramp
just north of the intersection, however, it is not the correct movement for the intersection
approach and may lead to driver confusion. Audit participants noted that vehicles may
mistake the 45-degree arrow for allowance of a left-turn movement from the second lane
from the left coupled with the presence of two receiving lanes on Union Street. The main
cause of crashes at this approach may be angle collisions due to vehicles traveling
through from the shared left-turn/through lane colliding with vehicles turning left from
the second lane to the left, as seen in crashes “13”, “14”, “15”, “23”, “24”, “27”, “34”,
“37”, “40”, “44”, “46”, “49”, or sideswipe crashes in the middle two lanes from driver
uncertainly between accessing I-91 North or East Columbus Avenue, as seen in crashes
“12”, “16”, “25”, “31”, “47”, “48”.
The signal in the center indicates a 45-degree left arrow
o
Audit participants observed East Columbus Avenue northbound vehicles traveling
straight through the intersection from the shared left-turn/through lane, as indicated by
the overhead guide sign south of the intersection. This movement is in direct conflict with
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vehicles from the second lane from the left using the lane to turn left onto Union Street
westbound.
o
The lane designation pavement markings on the East Columbus Avenue northbound
approach were noted as faded and illegible, however, the City of Springfield notes
pavement markings have been re-applied since the RSA site visit.
Lane designation pavement markings on East Columbus
Avenue northbound approach are faded and illegible
o
The lane lines on East Columbus Avenue northbound are not clearly delineated on the
north side of the intersection and may lead to unnecessary weaving or merging. The City
of Springfield notes that MassDOT has re-applied the pavement markings since the RSA
site visit.
No pavement markings or delineation on the north side of the
intersection
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o
Approximately 600 feet south of the intersection, East Columbus Avenue contains two
travel lanes with a third lane added from the left side from the I-91 northbound exit.
Therefore, vehicles desiring to continue on East Columbus Avenue through the
intersection or turn right onto Union Street must weave over one or two lanes.
o
The Union Street eastbound approach contains no lane designation signage or pavement
markings. Audit participants observed a number of vehicles utilizing the left lane to travel
through to Union Street eastbound, and the right lane as a second left-turn lane onto East
Columbus Avenue northbound, which would be in direct conflict.
No lane designation on Union Street westbound;
two simultaneous left-turning vehicles

o
Audit participants noted the excessive vehicle speeds along East Columbus Avenue,
which could contribute to the significant amount of angle collisions (crashes “7”, “26”,
“28”, “29”, “30”, “32”, “43”, “53”, “58”) and rear-end collisions (“6”, “8”, “18”, “21”,
“33”, “52”).
o
Audit participants noted the difficultly for drivers to observe signal indications and
signage due to the existing sun glare.
Signage:
o
The size of the existing overhead signage along the East Columbus Avenue northbound
approach is indicative of signage along a higher-speed principal arterial or interstate with
no adjacent pedestrians or bicycles, and may be causing vehicles to travel at high rates of
speed through the intersection. We note that East Columbus operates and is heavily used
as an I-91 frontage road. Lane utilization for left-turns onto Union Street is not clear.
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Overhead signage is indicative of higher speed roadways

Access Management:
o

An existing driveway for Pride gas station is located proximate to the intersection on the
right side of the East Columbus Avenue northbound approach. Right-turning vehicles out
of Pride may have to cross several lanes in order to track towards I-91 northbound or
Union Street westbound. Audit participants noted additional driveways on Wilcox Street
and Union Street that provide access to I-91 northbound and Union Street westbound
with less conflict.
Pedestrian Accessibility:
o
Pedestrian accommodations are not compliant with current standards, including the
pedestrian ramps with no detectable warning panels, no push-button actuation, and no
signal countdown display. Audit participants noted the pedestrian signals were running
with concurrent phasing and one of the signals was not functioning.
Non-compliant pedestrian ramps and signal displays
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Main Street at Union Street


Traffic Operations:
o
The Union Street westbound approach realizes significant vehicle queuing, particularly
during evening peak hours, causing vehicles to avoid traffic by turning onto Dale Street
one block in advance of the intersection with Main Street as a cut-through, and creating
excessive traffic where it may be unexpected.
o
Local audit participants noted that vehicles frequently pass run the red light, particularly
on the Main Street approaches. This could be a contributing factor in the number of angle
collisions at the intersection (crashes “4”, “5”, “9”, “11”, “12”, “16”, “23”, “25”, “27”).
Signage:
o
The R10-122 “Left Turn Yield on Green (Ball)” sign for Main Street southbound is
positioned incorrectly next to the signal for the through lane, and not next to the signal
for the left-turn lane.
“Left Turn Yield on Green (Ball)” sign is not in the proper location
for Main Street southbound (Source: Google)

2
Visibility:
o
Backplates are missing or damaged at the Main Street signals.
o
Sight lines to intersection streets and sidewalks are obstructed by the buildings located at
the corners.
Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, 2009 Edition
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
Pedestrian Accessibility and Behavior:
o
The presence of local businesses along Main Street located mid-block, including the
Caring Health Center, generates a large quantity of pedestrians that cross Main Street
where crosswalks are not present and may be unexpected to passing motorists.
o
The crosswalks across Union Street are offset from the intersection and are not located
along the pedestrian desired path. This causes Main Street westbound vehicles to
frequently travel past the stop line and rest in the crosswalk.
o
The pedestrian push-buttons are not located proximate to the pedestrian ramps.
Crosswalk is offset from intersection and vehicles on Union
Street eastbound come to rest in the crosswalk due to its
location; Pedestrian push-button is not proximate to the ramp
o
Sidewalk heave is present on the southeast corner of the intersection, creating a tripping
hazard for pedestrians.
Sidewalk heave on the southeast corner
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o
The gutter for a property located on the southwest corner drains directly onto the
sidewalk on the south side of Union Street, a violation of City of Springfield code, which
may cause issues upon freezing.
Gutter drains onto Union Street sidewalk, a
violation of City of Springfield code
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Potential Safety Enhancements
Following review of crash data and traffic counts and a discussion of potential safety issues, audit
participants recommend the following.
Union Street Corridor

Evaluate if concurrent pedestrian phases can be utilized, and implement the concurrent phases
where appropriate.

Install APS to meet current standards for pedestrian accommodations.

Evaluate the enhancement of bicycle accommodations along the Union Street corridor by
potentially installing exclusive bicycle lanes and/or shared bicycle lanes.
Union Street at West Union Street at West Columbus Avenue

Investigate separating the exclusive left-turn lane and shared through/left-turn lane from the
through and shared through/right turn lane to eliminate the weaving movement for vehicles
exiting the I-91 southbound exit ramp. If determined to be feasible, widen the roadway to provide
a barrier, such as a median or jersey barrier, to separate the lanes, and separate the signal phases
such that vehicles from the I-91 ramp and vehicles from West Columbus Avenue each have their
own phase. We note this will affect traffic operations and queuing on the I-91 southbound exit
ramp and West Columbus Avenue.

Remove the existing signal head with a green ball for the shared left-turn/through lane, and
replace with a signal head that includes both through and left arrows.

Install vehicle tracking pavement guidelines through the intersection for West Columbus Avenue
southbound left-turns.

Examine relocating the Union Street westbound approach stop line further to the east to avoid
conflict with West Columbus Avenue southbound left-turning vehicles. The approach would still
need to provide enough storage for the Union Street westbound left-turn lane and vehicles at the
stop line would still need to be within the cone of vision to observe signal indications. If deemed
appropriate, move the stop line to provide the extra vehicle tracking space for southbound leftturning vehicles.

Evaluate the clearance interval for the West Columbus Avenue southbound approach to reduce
the number of rear-end collisions.

Install an additional lane designation sign on the left side of West Columbus Avenue to improve
the visibility for vehicles in the two left lanes.

Re-apply lane designation pavement markings on the West Columbus Avenue approach.
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
Provide additional lighting in the vicinity of the I-91 Bridge over Union Street.

Provide pedestrian accommodations compliant with current standards, including but not limited
to pedestrian ramps, countdown signal displays, push-buttons, and APS.
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue

Evaluate the ideal lane configuration for the East Columbus Avenue northbound approach taking
into account the I-91 northbound off-ramp located 600 feet south of the intersection, and redesign
the approach based on the findings. The audit team observed vehicle movements and determined
that the ideal lane configuration could consist of the following: a shared through/right-turn lane
for vehicles to turn right onto Union Street or continue through onto East Columbus Avenue, a
through lane that will diverge on the north side of the intersection such that vehicles can travel
through on East Columbus Avenue or through onto the I-91 northbound on-ramp, a through lane
for vehicles that may only continue onto the I-91 northbound on-ramp, and an exclusive left-turn
lane for vehicles to turn left onto Union Street. If chosen, re-design the northwest corner of the
intersection such that it aids in channelizing left-turning vehicles from the exclusive left-turn lane
on West Columbus Avenue, and prevents vehicles in the exclusive left-turn lane from traveling
straight through the intersection, as well as overhead/advanced signage and pavement markings.

Remove the signal face with a 45-degree left arrow that corresponds to the second lane from the
left on East Columbus Avenue, and replace with a signal face that includes a through arrow to
correspond with the through-only movement and to eliminate left-turns from this lane. Place
thermoplastic I-91 emblems on lanes intended only for I-91 access.

Re-apply new lane designation pavement markings on the East Columbus Avenue approach,
taking into consideration the lane use configuration prior to the intersection where I-91
northbound ramp intersects the roadway.

Re-stripe East Columbus Avenue north of the intersection to channelize vehicles to the proper
lanes.

Evaluate the lane utilization for Union Street eastbound to establish the ideal lane configuration,
and modify the signal indications, signage, and pavement markings appropriately. The audit team
discussed the possibility of a shared left-turn/through lane and an exclusive through lane.

Replace the existing overhead signage along the East Columbus Avenue northbound approach
with signage indicative of lower travel speeds and/or include speed limit signage.

Consider traffic calming techniques on the East Columbus Avenue northbound approach.

Evaluate the entrance and exit permission for the Pride gas station driveway on East Columbus
Avenue. Investigate if vehicles should be prohibited from accessing I-91 northbound and Union
Street westbound from this driveway, and install signage and pavement markings to indicate exit
restrictions if deemed appropriate.
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
Provide pedestrian accommodations compliant with current standards, including but not limited
to pedestrian ramps, countdown signal displays, push-buttons, and APS.
Union Street at Main Street

Evaluate the existing signal phasing to determine the feasibility of implementing a split phase for
Union Street westbound, and modify the signal phasing if appropriate.

Evaluate a longer all-red clearance to reduce the number of collisions for vehicles that travel
through the intersection during a red indication.

Move the R10-12 “Left Turn Yield on Green (Ball)” sign next to the appropriate signal for Main
Street southbound traffic.

Install backplates on the Main Street signals where missing or damaged.

Realign the pedestrian ramps and crosswalks across Union Street so they are closer to the
pedestrian desired path. Modify the location of the stop line and install R10-6 “Stop Here on
Red” signage.

Investigate if the pedestrian signal push-buttons are in compliance with accessibility standards
with respect to location, and relocate if determined to be non-compliant.

Replace the sidewalk on the southeast corner of the intersection to remove the tripping hazard.

Contact the owner of the building on the southwest corner of the intersection to relocate the gutter
such that it does not drain onto the existing sidewalk, which is located on public property.
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Summary of Road Safety Audit
TEC, Inc. has retained Nitsch Engineering to prepare this RSA for MassDOT for the Union Street
Corridor. As part of the RSA process going forward, each of the potential safety enhancements is
classified by time frame and cost, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Time Frame and Costs Breakdown
Time Frame
Short-term
< 1 year
Mid-term
1-3 years
Long-term
> 3 years
Low
Medium
High
Costs
< $10,000
$10,000-$50,000
> $50,000
Any new regulations that may be implemented as a result of this Road Safety Audit must first be
submitted and approved by the Springfield Board of Public Works.
The safety issues, potential improvements, estimated safety payoff, time frame, and cost for the overall
Union Street corridor and the individual intersections are summarized in Tables 3 through 6.
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Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary –
Union Street Corridor
Safety Issue
Pedestrian
Accessibility and
Behavior
Bicycle Accessibility
and Cyclist Behavior
Safety Enhancement
Safety Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
Implement concurrent pedestrian phases, where appropriate
Low
Short-Term
Low
Install APS to meet current standards for pedestrian accommodations
Low
Mid-Term
High
Install exclusive bicycle lanes and/or shared bicycle lanes
Medium
Mid-Term
Medium
Page 22
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Table 4. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary –
Union Street at West Union Street and West Columbus Avenue
Safety Issue
Traffic Operations
Visibility, Signage,
and Pavement
Markings
Pedestrian
Accessibility
Safety Enhancement
Separate the lanes on East Columbus Avenue by widening the
roadway, providing a barrier, and separating the signal phases such
that vehicles from the I-91 ramp and vehicles from West Columbus
Avenue each have their own phases
Remove the existing signal head with a green ball for the shared leftturn/through lane, and replace with a signal head that includes both
through and left arrows
Install vehicle tracking pavement guidelines through the intersection
for West Columbus Avenue southbound left-turns
Move the stop line on Union Street westbound to provide the extra
vehicle tracking space for southbound left-turning vehicles
Provide a longer clearance interval for the West Columbus Avenue
southbound approach
Install an additional lane designation sign on the left side of the West
Columbus Avenue approach
Install new lane designation pavement markings on the West
Columbus Avenue approach
Provide additional lighting in the vicinity of the I-91 Bridge over
Union Street
Provide pedestrian accommodations compliant with current
standards
Safety Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
High
Long-Term
High
Medium
Mid-Term
Low
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Medium
Short-Term
Low
High
Short-Term
Low
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Low
Mid-Term
High
Low
Mid-Term
Medium
Page 23
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Table 5. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary –
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue
Safety Issue
Traffic Operations,
Traffic Signals, Lane
Designation, and
Pavement Markings
Signage
Access Management
Pedestrian
Accessibility
Safety Enhancement
Safety Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
Redesign the East Columbus Avenue northbound approach
High
Long-Term
High
Remove the signal face with a 45-degree left arrow that corresponds
to the second lane from the left on East Columbus Avenue, and
replace with a signal face that includes a through arrow. Place
thermoplastic I-91 emblems on lanes intended only for I-91 access.
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Medium
Short-Term
Low
High
Long -Term
High
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Medium
Mid-Term
Medium
Medium
Mid-Term
Medium
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Low
Mid-Term
Medium
Install new lane designation pavement markings on the East
Columbus Avenue approach
Redesign the northwest corner of the intersection to aid in the proper
vehicle channelization based on the ideal lane configuration
Restripe East Columbus Avenue north of the intersection to
channelize vehicles to the proper lanes
Modify the signal indications, signage, and pavement markings to
clarify the lane utilization at the Union Street eastbound approach
Replace the existing overhead signage along the East Columbus
Avenue northbound approach with signage indicative of lower travel
speeds and/or include speed limit signage
Install signage and pavement markings to indicate exist restrictions
at the Pride gas station if deemed appropriate
Provide pedestrian accommodations compliant with current
standards
Page 24
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Table 6. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary –
Union Street at Main Street
Safety Issue
Traffic Operations
Signage
Visibility
Pedestrian
Accessibility
Safety Enhancement
Safety Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
Modify the signal phasing for a protected/permissive phase on Union
Street westbound if appropriate
High
Short-Term
Low
Provide a longer all-red clearance
High
Short-Term
Low
Low
Short-Term
Low
Low
Short-Term
Low
Low
Short-Term
Medium
Low
Short-Term
Low
Replace the sidewalk on the southeast corner of the intersection
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Contact the owner of the building on the southwest corner of the
intersection to relocate the gutter such that it does not drain onto the
existing sidewalk, which is located on public property
Low
Short-Term
Low
Move the R10-12 “Left Turn Yield on Green (Ball)” sign next to the
appropriate signal for Main Street southbound traffic
Install backplates on the Main Street signals where missing or
damaged
Realign the pedestrian ramps and crosswalks across Union Street
so they are closer to the pedestrian desired path. Modify the location
of the stop line and install “Stop Here on Red” signage
Relocate the pedestrian push-buttons if determined to be noncompliant
Page 25
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Appendix A: RSA Meeting Agenda
Road Safety Audit
Springfield, MA
Union Street Corridor
Meeting Location: Sheraton Springfield Monarch Place Hotel
Boland Executive Boardroom 3rd Floor
Monarch Place, Springfield, MA
Thursday, October 29, 2015
9:00 AM – 12:00 PM
Type of meeting:
High Crash Location – Road Safety Audit
Attendees:
Invited Participants to Comprise a Multidisciplinary Team
Please bring:
Thoughts and Enthusiasm!!
9:00 AM
Welcome and Introductions
9:15 AM
Discussion of Safety Issues
 Crash history, Speed Regulations – provided in advance
 Existing Geometries and Conditions
9:45 AM
Site Visit
 Travel to Union Street Corridor
 As a group, identify areas for improvements
11:00 AM
Discussion of Potential Improvements
 Return to original meeting location
 Discuss observations and finalize safety issue areas
 Discuss potential improvements and finalize recommendations
12:00 PM
Adjourn for the Day – but the RSA has not ended
Instructions for Participants:

Before attending the RSA on October 29th, participants are encouraged to
drive/walk through the intersection and complete/consider elements on the RSA
Prompt List with a focus on safety.

All participants will be actively involved in the process throughout. Participants
are encouraged to come with thoughts and ideas, but are reminded that the
synergy that develops and respect for others’ opinions are key elements to the
success of the overall RSA process.

After the RSA meeting, participants will be asked to comment and respond to the
document materials to assure it is reflective of the RSA completed by the
multidisciplinary team.
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Appendix B: RSA Audit Team Contact List
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
RSA Sign In Sheet
Union Street
Springfield, MA
Thursday, October 29, 2015, 9:00 a.m.
Name
Jane Davis
Jeff Bandini
Samuel
Gregorio
John Mastera
Agency/Affiliation
Nitsch Engineering
Nitsch Engineering
Email
jdavis@nitscheng.com
jbandini@nitscheng.com
TEC, Inc.
SGregorio@theengineeringcorp.com 978-794-1792
MassDOT Highway Safety
Fuss & O’Neill
Dmitriy
(representing City of
Mayboroda
Springfield)
Fuss & O’Neill
William Van (representing City of
Duzer
Springfield)
Pioneer Valley Planning
Khyati Parmar Commission
Partners for a Healthier
Kathy Wicks Community
MassDOT District 2 –
Luke Hayes
Traffic
Davenport Companies –
Joy Martin
MGM Springfield
Connor M.
Springfield DPW Eng.
Knightly
Phone
617-338-0063
617-338-0063
john.mastera@state.ma.us
857-368-9648
DMayboroda@fando.com
413-452-0445
WVanDuzer@fando.com
413-452-0445
kparmar@pvpc.org
413-781-6045
kwicks@partnersforahealthiercommu
413-794-2546
nity.org
luke.hayes@state.ma.us
413-582-1525
jmartin@dvnpt.net
617-986-0013
cknightly@springfieldcityhall.com
413-707-0589
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Appendix C: Detailed Crash Data
Road Safety Audit
N
or
th
MGM Springfield - Springfield, Massachusetts
Not to Scale
LOCATION:
CITY/STATE:
TIME PERIOD:
PREPARED BY:
SOURCE:
Union Street Corridor at West Columbus Avenue, East Columbus Avenue, and Main Street
Springfield, Massachusetts
2011 - 2014
TEC, Inc. / Samuel W. Gregorio, P.E. & Eric R. Paquette, E.I.T.
MassRMV / MassDOT / City of Springfield Police Department
NOTE: CRASHES ARE NUMBERED
PER INDIVIDUAL INTERSECTION.
CRASHES BETWEEN INTERSECTIONS
ARE LABELED BY LETTER.
28
1
10 11 17
18
19
G
C
55
11
C
21
B
H D A
42
50
E
13 18 26
15
C
23 25 27
20
2 3
9 11
P
5 16
C
14 17
24
7
10
F
8
4 12
7 29 53
57
C
P
51
38
6 8 18 21 33 52
22
17
4 5
9
13 14 15 23 24 27 34 37 40 44 46 49
22
12 16 25 31 47 48
9
35
39
54
26 28 30 32 43 58
59
45
3 16
36
2 56
1 4
14
9/21/2015 9:08 AM
T:\T0454\CAD\HIGHWAY\GRAPHICS\RSA\1_UNION STREET CORRIDOR RSA\T0454_UNION_RSA_COLLISION DIAGRAMS.DWG
1
3
10 20 41
2
6
6
22
19
8
5 7 12 13 19 20
P
15
21
LEGEND
VEHICLE PATH
SHOW FOR COLLISION
FIXED OBJECT
HEAD-ON COLLISION
BACKING VEHICLE
SIDESWIPE COLLISION
PARKED VEHICLE
FIXED OBJECT COLLISION
P
PEDESTRIAN COLLISION
C
CYCLIST COLLISION
1. Approximate location of collision,
2. Direction of collision,
3. Type of collision and vehicles involved,
4. Time, Day, Date
5. Any other pertinent factors mentioned
on the report.
MOVEABLE OBJECT
ANGLED COLLISION
PERSONAL INJURY
OVERTURNED VEHICLE
FATALITY
OUT-OF-CONTROL VEHICLE
REAR-END COLLISION
A
ANIMAL
SUMMARY OF CRASHES ON DIAGRAM FOR UNION STREET CORRIDOR [ no fatal collisions]
REAR-END
SIDESWIPE
HEAD-ON
ANGLED
SINGLE VEH
PED/BIKE
OTHER / UNK
TOTAL
PROPERTY DAMAGE ONLY
15
11
1
31
5
1
2
66
NON-FATAL INJURY
14
3
0
23
4
5
0
49
UNKNOWN / NOT REPORTED
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
TOTAL
30
14
1
55
9
6
2
117
Figure A-1
Collision Diagram
2011-2014 Collision Data
TEC, Inc.
65 Glenn Street 169 Ocean Blvd, Unit 101
Lawrence, MA 01843 Hampton, NH 03842
(978) 794.1792 (603) 601.8154
www.TheEngineeringCorp.com
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at West Columbus Avenue - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
1
2
3
4
Crash Date
3/19/2011
3/21/2011
12/1/2011
12/12/2011
Day of Week
Saturday
Monday
Thursday
Monday
Time of
Day
9:24 PM
12:39 AM
8:45 AM
4:05 PM
Manner of
Collision
Angle
Single Vehicle
Angle
Angle
Light Condition
Dark - Lighted
Dark - Not Lighted
Daylight
Dusk
Weather
Condition
Clear
Clear
Clear
Clear
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Dry
Disregarded Traffic Signs, Signals, or Road
Markings
Dry
Dry
Dry
Inattention / Fatigued
Inattention
Unknown
Crash Severity
Property Damage Only
Property Damage Only
Property Damage Only
Property Damage Only
Ages
D1
51
24
50
77
D2
D3
Comments
21
MV1 was traveling W. Columbus SB when it struck MV2
turning left from Union Street WB onto W. Columbus SB.
Witness says MV1 went through a red traffic signal.
N/A
MV1 was traveling Union Street WB when it went through
the fence at the Union Street / W. Columbus intersection.
MV1 suffered heavy front-end damage when it hit the train
tracks after plowing through the fence.
43
MV1 & MV2 turned left onto Union Street EB from adjacent
lanes on W. Columbus SB. MV1 was in the left-most lane;
MV2 was in the middle lane. During the turn, MV1 decided to
merge from the left lane on Union Street EB to the right lane,
hitting the rear driver's side quarter panel of MV2.
48
MV1 was turning left from Union Street WB onto W.
Columbus SB when it collided with MV2 traveling W
Columbus SB. Both drivers claimed to have a green signal &
that the other driver failed to stop at a red signal.
5
1/14/2012
Saturday
1:58 AM
Rear-End
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Physical Impairment
Non Fatal Injury
36
25
MV1 traveling south on West Columbus Avenue SB. MV2
traveling on West Columbus Avenue SB and proceeded
through intersection and hit rear-end of MV1, which was
stopped at red light.
6
3/18/2012
Sunday
9:50 AM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Disregarded traffic signs, signals, road
markings
Non Fatal Injury
61
47
MV1 traveling on West Columbus Avenue SB. MV2 traveling
on Union Street EB and proceeded through intersection and
hit MV1. MV1 claimed to not see traffic light.
7
9/1/2012
Saturday
12:40 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Operating erratic, reckless
Unknown
27
56
8
9/6/2012
Thursday
3:19 PM
Head-on
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
Property Damage Only
48
85
9
3/12/2013
Tuesday
5:27 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Inattention
Property Damage Only
37
18
10
3/15/2013
Friday
8:58 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damage Only
30
50
11
7/3/2013
Wednesday
6:45 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
16
57
12
7/4/2013
Thursday
11:13 PM
Rear-End
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Distracted
Property Damage Only
35
35
13
7/19/2013
Friday
8:02 AM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Non Fatal Injury
37
24
14
7/26/2013
Friday
8:49 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damage Only
60
-
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Sheet 1 of 2
MV2 stopped in traffic on West Columbus Avenue SB. MV1
proceeded through intersection making a left-turn onto
Union Street EB strikes MV2. MV1 fled scene before police
arrive.
MV2 traveling on Union Street WB making a left-turn. MV1
ran red-light made left-turn from West Columbus Avenue SB
strikes MV2.
MV1 and MV2 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave. MV2
attempting to go around vehicles waiting to turn left onto
I91SB turned into MV1 on the right.
MV1 and MV2 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave intersecting
Union St. MV2 in left turn only lane, MV1 in left turn or
straight lane. MV2 continued straight, MV1 turned left and
was struck by MV2.
MV1 and MV2 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave. MV1
attempted a left turn onto Union St. when MV2 on her left
continued straight and collided with MV1. It is unclear which
MV was in which lane.
MV1 and MV2 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave. MV1
stopped at light when rear ended by MV1.
MV1 and MV2 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave. MV1 rear
ends MV2 which is stopped in traffic and the Union St.
intersection. MV2 is pushed into another MV which left the
scene before police arrival.
MV1 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave attempting to turn left
onto Union St. Struck by another MV who fled the accident.
No other information given.
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at West Columbus Avenue - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
15
9/13/2013
Day of Week
Friday
Time of
Day
Manner of
Collision
Light Condition
Weather
Condition
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Crash Severity
8:38 PM
Pedestrian
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
Non Fatal Injury
Ages
D1
D2
55
79
16
10/18/2013
Friday
11:49 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Made Improper Turn
Non Fatal Injury
28
48
17
12/12/2013
Thursday
4:08 PM
Angle
Dusk
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damage Only
70
39
18
2/7/2014
Friday
4:14 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to Yield Right of Way
Property Damage Only
38
MV1 and MV2 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave and
attempting left turns onto Union St. MV1 contacted MV2, a
large tractor trailor, in the process of making this turn. Both
vehicles were in seperate lanes prior to attempting the left
turn.
MV1 and MV2 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave. At the Union
St. intersection, MV1, in the leftmost lane, continued straight
while MV2 attempted a left turn from the lane to the right of
MV1. MV1 and MV2 collided.
MV1 & MV2 were both traveling W Columbus SB before
stopping at a red traffic signal at the intersection. MV1 rearended M2 when MV1 operator started moving forward as
soon as the signal turned green, before MV1 started moving.
Friday
11:27 AM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to Yield Right of Way
Non-Fatal Inury
40
39
20
12/31/2014
Wednesday
1:23 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Followed Too Closely
Non-Fatal Injury
69
64
21
8/18/2012
Saturday
2:47 PM
Single Vehicle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damange Only
33
N/A
22
1/7/2011
Friday
3:17 AM
Single Vehicle
Unknown
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
32
N/A
Sheet 2 of 2
MV1 traveling SB on W Columbus Ave struck a pedestrian in
the middle of the road. Pedestrian transported by AMR.
31
10/10/2014
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
D3
MV1 & MV2 (large truck) both traveling W Columbus SB
approaching Union Street intersection. MV1 attempted to
switch into MV2's lane but MV2 clipped the rear corner of
MV1, causing it to spin 90 degrees directly in front of MV2.
19
Dark - unknown roadway
Unknown
lighting
Comments
MV1 traveling W Columbus SB struck the rear of MV2, which
was stopped at the intersection for a red signal. MV1
suffered severe rear-end damage.
MV1 traveling W Columbus SB collided with guardrail
separating W Columbus SB from I-91 S On-Ramp; MV1
rotated counterclockwise; MV1 operator couldn't recall what
happened just prior to crash
MV1 was traveling SB on W. Colombus Ave then attempted a
left turn onto Union St. MV1 took turn too wide and hit
bridge pilar.
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
1
1/1/2011
Saturday
12:07 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Unknown
2
3/24/2011
Thursday
1:14 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
3
4/1/2011
Friday
12:35 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
4
5/10/2011
Tuesday
4:18 PM
Angle
Daylight
5
5/12/2011
Thursday
12:50 PM
Angle
6
10/15/2011
Saturday
12:55 AM
7
10/20/2011
Thursday
8
11/18/2011
9
10
Day of Week
Time of
Day
Manner of
Collision
Light Condition
Weather
Condition
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Ages
Crash Severity
D1
D2
Property Damage Only
33
38
Failure to Keep in Proper Lane / Made an
Improper Turn
Non-Fatal Inury
67
-
Dry
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
19
-
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
27
30
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
49
26
Rear-End
Dark - Lighted
Cloudy
Dry
Distracted
Non-Fatal Inury
43
31
9:06 AM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Disregarded Traffic Signs, Signals, or Road
Markings
Non-Fatal Inury
25
47
Friday
7:00 AM
Rear-End
Dawn
Clear
Dry
Followed Too Closely
Property Damage Only
27
29
11/18/2011
Friday
11:54 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Non-Fatal Inury
56
34
11/25/2011
Friday
3:32 PM
Single Vehicle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
Non-Fatal Inury
25
N/A
Non-Fatal Inury
43
24
11
12/8/2011
Thursday
5:09 AM
Angle
Dawn
Rain
Wet
Swerving or Avoiding Due to Vehicle in
Roadway
12
1/7/2012
Saturday
11:11 AM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
41
42
13
3/6/2012
Tuesday
4:05 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Non-Fatal Inury
44
42
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Sheet 1 of 5
Comments
D3
MV1 traveling E. Columbus NB struck by MV2 traveling E.
Columbus NB. MV2 failure to yield the right of way when
changing lanes. MV2 gave info to MV1 operator but left
scene before police arrival.
MV1 traveling E. Columbus NB turning onto Union Street WB
struck by MV2 traveling E. Columbus NB. MV2 refused to
provide info to MV1 operator & fled scene before police
arrival. MV2 not reported stolen.
MV1 traveling Union Street WB crossing E. Columbus struck
MV2 turning left from Union Street EB to E. Columbus NB.
MV2 failed to yield to MV1 when turning left. MV2 gave
name & address to MV1 operator & fled scene before police
arrival.
MV1 and MV2 (double tractor trailer) made contact as both
vehicles merged into the same lane on E. Columbus NB
approaching Union Street. Roadway construction forced
traffic to merge from 3 lanes to 2 lanes to 1 lane.
MV1 (tractor trailer) and MV2 made contact as both vehicles
merged into the same lane on E. Columbus NB approaching
Union Street. Roadway construction forced traffic to merge
from 3 lanes to 2 lanes to 1 lane. Both MV1 & MV2 claimed
to have right-of-way.
MV2 was struck from behind by MV1 while stopped at red
light on E. Columbus NB. Impact pushed MV2 into
intersection across Union Street. MV1 driver's side airbag
deployed. MV1 operator taken by ambulance to hospital.
MV1 traveling Union Street WB crossing E. Columbus struck
by MV2 on passenger side door. MV2 failed to stop at red
signal. MV2 operator says he was not at fault & MV1 failed to
stop. Witness says MV2 never stopped at the red signal.
MV2 was moved to gas station parking lot before police
arrival.
MV1 was struck from behind by MV2 while stopped at a red
signal. MV2 was following MV1 too closely. MV1 issued a
citation.
MV1 & MV2 were both turning left onto Union Street WB
from E. Columbus NB when they made impact. MV2 was in
left-turn lane while MV1 was in through lane.
MV1 lost control, struck curbing, and then hit a stone wall.
MV1 operator says she was cut off by an unknown vehicle.
MV1 was struck at an angle by MV2 while exiting the gas
station onto Union Street EB. MV2 was traveling on Union
Street EB from E. Columbus NB. MV1 said he never saw
MV2; MV2 said he never saw MV1.
MV1 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB made an
improper left-turn and cut-off MV2 who was traveling
straight on East Columbus Avenue NB.
MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB made improper
left-turn infront of MV1 traveling straight on East Columbus
Avenue NB causing a collision.
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
Day of Week
Time of
Day
Manner of
Collision
Light Condition
Weather
Condition
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Crash Severity
Ages
D1
D2
D3
Comments
MV1 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB made improper
left-tun infront of MV2 traveling straight on East Columbus
Avenue NB causing a collision.
MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB made improper
left-tun infront of MV1 traveling straight on East Columbus
Avenue NB causing a collision.
MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB made improper
left-tun infront of MV1 traveling straight on East Columbus
Avenue NB causing a collision.
MV2 failed to yield right of way when pulling out of the Pride
Gas Station and struck MV1 traveling on East Columbus
Avenue NB.
MV2 stopped at red light struck by MV1 traveling East
Columbus Avenue NB.
14
4/18/2012
Wednesday
2:03 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Property Damage Only
37
35
15
5/5/2012
Saturday
4:56 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Non-Fatal Inury
44
83
16
5/11/2012
Friday
5:58 AM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Property Damage Only
42
57
17
6/22/2012
Friday
3:26 PM
Angle
Daylight
Unknown
Unknown
Failure to Yield the Right of Way
Property Damage Only
24
39
18
6/29/2012
Friday
5:24 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Non-Fatal Inury
40
60
19
7/20/2012
Friday
1:30 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Failure to Yield the Right of Way
Property Damage Only
44
34
MV1 traveling on Union Street WB made left-turn on red
light and struck MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB.
20
8/9/2012
Thursday
5:52 PM
Single Vehicle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Non-Fatal Inury
38
N/A
MV1 traveling on East Columus Avenue NB changed lanes
too quickly and lost control before striking a sign post.
21
8/17/2012
Friday
1:14 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Operating defective equipment
Property Damage Only
68
56
MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB struck MV1
stopped in traffic on East Columbus Avenue NB. MV2 stated
that his brakes failed.
22
9/19/2012
Wednesday
8:26 AM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Unknown
Unknown
90
34
MV1 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB crossed 3 lanes
of traffic and cut off MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue
NB. MV1 fled scene before police arrival.
23
10/9/2012
Tuesday
1:17 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Failure to Keep in Proper Lane / Made an
Improper Turn
Property Damage Only
31
20
24
10/20/2012
Saturday
2:13 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Non-Fatal Inury
27
31
25
11/18/2012
Sunday
10:33 AM
Unknown
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damage Only
26
54
26
12/20/2012
Thursday
8:56 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Distracted
Property Damage Only
66
62
MV1 traveling on Union Street EB on green light struck by
MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB.
27
12/21/2012
Friday
11:56 AM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
49
29
MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB made improper
left-turn infront of MV1 traveling straight on East Columbus
Avenue NB causing a collision.
28
12/23/2012
Sunday
6:00 AM
Angle
Dawn
Clear
Dry
Distracted
Non-Fatal Inury
30
21
MV1 traveling straight on East Columbus Avenue NB ran red
light struck MV2 traveling straight on Union Street EB.
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Sheet 2 of 5
MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB made improper
left-tun infront of MV1 traveling straight on East Columbus
Avenue NB causing a collision.
MV2 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB made improper
left-tun infront of MV1 traveling straight on East Columbus
Avenue NB causing a collision.
MV1 traveling on East Columbus Avenue NB states MV2
sideswiped same direction on driverside door. MV2 traveling
on East Columbus Avenue NB states that MV1 made
improper left-turn infront causing collision. Both vehicles
moved before police arrival.
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
29
Crash Date
2/6/2013
Day of Week
Wednesday
Time of
Day
12:33 AM
Manner of
Collision
Angle
Light Condition
Dark - Lighted
Weather
Condition
Clear
Road
Surface
Wet
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Other Improper Action
Crash Severity
Property Damage Only
Ages
D1
55
D2
3/3/2013
Sunday
12:01 AM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Cloudy
Dry
Failure to Yield the Right of Way
Property Damage Only
20
21
31
4/19/2013
Friday
6:09 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Property Damage Only
63
25
32
4/28/2013
Sunday
9:56 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Other Improper Action
Non Fatal Injury
37
21
33
5/10/2013
Friday
7:38 PM
Rear-End
Dusk
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Non Fatal Injury
38
37
34
5/19/2013
Sunday
5:23 PM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Made an Improper Turn
Non Fatal Injury
29
62
35
7/7/2013
Sunday
8:35 PM
Rear-End
Dark - Lighted
Cloudy
Dry
Unknown
Non Fatal Injury
48
22
36
9/5/2013
Thursday
9:26 AM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Property Damage Only
35
55
10/8/2013
Tuesday
3:12 PM
Angle
Daylight
Daylight
38
10/16/2013
Wednesday
3:58 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
39
10/22/2013
Tuesday
12:42 PM
Rear-End
40
10/31/2013
Thursday
3:03 PM
Angle
Daylight
Daylight
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Clear
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Non Fatal Injury
42
30
Cloudy
Dry
Swerving or avoiding due to wind,
slippery surface, vehicle, object, nonmotorist in roadway…etc.
Non Fatal Injury
52
32
Cloudy
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
38
30
Rain
Wet
Made an Improper Turn
Sheet 3 of 5
Non Fatal Injury
33
43
Comments
MV1 traveling WB on Union St. MV2 traveling NB on East
Columbus. MV1 struck MV2 at the intersection of the two
streets. No other info provided.
68
30
37
D3
MV2 traveling Union Street EB crossing E. Columbus Avenue
struck by MV1 traveling E. Columbus Avenue NB. MV1 Hit
and Run. MV1 shown on narrative fleeing with right-turn and
does not indicate if right-turn was pre-crash movement.
MV1 was traveling NB on E Columbus Ave. MV2 had just
pulled out of a gas station onto E Columbus NB. MV2
attempted to turn left onto Union St. WB when colliding with
MV1. MV2 believed they were in a turning lane when they
were not.
MV1 traveling EB on Union St through the intersection with E
Columbus Ave. It is not clear who, but one of the operaters
ran a red stop signal. MV1 struck MV2, causing MV2 to skid
EB on Union St.
MV1 traveling NB on E Columbus was slowing for a red light
at intesection at Union St. when rear ended by MV2.
MV1 and MV2 traveling NB on E Columbus Ave. MV1 in left
most lane (marked for left turn or proceed straight) was
proceeding straight after green signal. MV2, in lane right of
MV1 (marked at straight only), was attempting to turn left
on Union St. after green signal and collided with MV1.
MV1 and MV2 traveling EB on Union St. stopped at red light
at intersection with E Columbus Ave. MV1 was stopped at
light when rear ended by MV2. Operator of MV2 fled the
scene of the accident.
MV1 and MV2 traveling EB on Union St. approaching
intersection with E Columbus Ave. MV2 in left lane,
attempting to proceed straight through intersection. MV1 in
right lane, attempting to change into left lane, struck MV2.
54
MV1 and MV2 traveling NB on E Columbus Ave. MV2 in left
lane, MV1 in lane right of MV1. MV2 attempting to proceed
straight, MV1 attempting to turn left onto Union St. MV2
struck MV1. One passanger transported by AMR.
MV1 in middle travel lane traveling NB on E Columbus Ave.
MV1 Swerved leftwhen startled by a large truck accelerating
behind and collided with MV2. MV2 swerved off road and
rotated back onto Union St. and collided with MV3, which
was stopped in traffic.
MV1 on Union St. prior to E Columbus Ave. Operator sneezed
and rear ended MV2 which was stopped in traffic on Union
St.
MV1 and MV2 traveling NB on E Columbus Ave. MV2 (a
tractor pulling a trailor) in the left most lane and MV1 in the
lane to the right of MV2. MV1 attempted to take a left onto
Union St., MV2 attempting to continue straight, struck MV1.
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
Day of Week
Time of
Day
Manner of
Collision
Light Condition
Weather
Condition
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Crash Severity
41
11/7/2013
Thursday
3:27 PM
Single Vehicle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Driving too fast for conditions
Non Fatal Injury
42
43
1/12/2014
1/13/2014
Sunday
Monday
8:29 PM
8:26 AM
Rear-End
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Daylight
Clear
Clear
Dry
Dry
Inattention
Unknown
Property Damage Only
Non-Fatal Inury
Ages
D2
53
N/A
MV1 traveling NB on E Columbus Ave lost control of his car
and swerved into a wall after the intersection with Union St.
25
MV1 & MV2 were both traveling E Columbus NB approaching
Union Street. MV2 was rear-ended by MV1 when it
attempted to turn right onto Union Street EB. MV1 operator
says MV2 started braking suddenly, causing her to swerve to
avoid an accident. MV2 struck the rear of MV1 as well as a
cross walk signal pole, traffic signal pole, and roadway sign.
53
MV1 was traveling E Columbus NB attempting to cross Union
Street. MV2 was traveling Union Street EB attemping to cross
E Columbus. Both operators said they had a green signal &
that the other driver ran a red signal. MV2 operator says she
started from a stop as her signal had just turned green. Both
vehicles towed. MV1 operator taken away in ambulance.
31
56
44
2/18/2014
Tuesday
3:15 PM
Angle
Daylight
Snow
Snow
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
27
51
45
2/26/2014
Wednesday
10:39 AM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
43
34
46
5/1/2014
Thursday
1:49 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Property Damage Only
39
32
47
6/25/2014
Wednesday
4:05 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Made an Improper Turn
Property Damage Only
63
50
48
7/7/2014
Monday
1:29 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention / Failure to Keep in Proper
Lane
Property Damage Only
25
31
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Sheet 4 of 5
D3
Comments
D1
MV1 was traveling E Columbus NB in left turn/through lane.
MV2 had just pulled out of the gas station onto E Columbus
NB and was crossing lanes to turn left onto Union Street WB.
MV2 began to turn left from a through-only lane and made
contact with MV1 in the left/through lane in the process.
MV2 operator says MV1 was traveling too fast for the snowy
conditions & that she couldn't see the pavement markings
due to snow on ground. Both drivers were unfamiliar with
the area.
MV1 (police vehicle in active narcotics investigation) was
operating Union Street EB attempting to enter left travel
lane. MV2 was operating Union Street EB in left travel lane.
Witness states MV2 was operating in the right travel lane
and then switched to left travel lane right before contact
occurred.
MV1 & MV2 both traveling E Columbus NB. MV2 travling
straight in left-turn/through lane. MV1 attempted to turn left
from a through-only lane when it made contact with MV2.
MV1 was traveling E Columbus NB in left-turn/through lane.
MV2 was traveling E Columbus NB in a through-only lane
when it attempted to turn left onto Union Street WB, making
contact with MV1, which was traveling straight through the
intersection.
MV1 was traveling E Columbus NB in left-turn/through lane.
MV2 was traveling E Columbus NB in a through-only lane
when it attempted to move into the left turn/through lane.
MV1 was continuing straight through the intersection onto I91. MV2 operator claims he thought MV1 was turning left
onto Union Street WB.
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at East Columbus Avenue - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
Day of Week
Time of
Day
Manner of
Collision
Light Condition
Weather
Condition
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Crash Severity
Ages
D1
D2
49
7/27/2014
Sunday
9:04 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Cloudy
Wet
Made an Improper Turn
Non-Fatal Inury
19
39
50
8/24/2014
Sunday
2:30 AM
Single Vehicle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
24
N/A
51
9/8/2014
Monday
7:38 AM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damage Only
43
22
52
9/15/2014
Monday
8:36 AM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
52
40
Non-Fatal Inury
50
64
53
10/22/2014
Wednesday
1:43 PM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Operating Vehicle in Erratic, Reckless,
Careless, Negligent, or Aggressive
Manner
54
10/31/2014
Friday
2:55 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
No Improper Driving
Non-Fatal Inury
42
32
55
4/27/2011
Wednesday
5:09 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
65
23
56
7/2/2011
Saturday
8:20 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
Dusk
Clear
Dry
Other Improper Action
Non-Fatal Inury
35
25
1:19 PM
Sideswipe - Same
Direction
57
10/4/2011
Tuesday
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
59
D3
22
Comments
MV1 was traveling E Columbus NB in left-turn/through lane.
MV2 was traveling E Columbus NB in through-only lane when
it attempted to turn left onto Union Street WB, making
contact with MV1, which was traveling straight through the
intersection. MV2 towed from scene.
MV1 was traveling Union Street WB just east of the E
Columbus intersection when operator lost control & crashed
into a light pole. Operator & passenger were in a verbal
argument when the operator lost control of MV1. MV1
towed from scene.
MV1, MV2, & MV3 all traveling E Columbus NB. MV1 & MV2
slowed to stop for red signal at intersection. MV3 failed to
stop, rear-ending MV2, which pushed MV1 into the
crosswalk. All 3 vehicles suffered moderate to extensive
damage.
MV1 & MV2 were both traveling E Columbus NB approaching
Union Street. MV2 was rear-ended by MV1 when it stopped
for traffic ahead of it. MV1 operator says MV2 stopped
abruptly & could not stop in time to avoid a collision.
MV2 was traveling Union Street WB through the intersection
through a green signal when it was hit by MV1 traveling E
Columbus NB. MV1 operator says his signal was green but
police cited him for failure to stop at a red signal. MV2
operator taken to hospital. Both vehicles towed.
MV1 pulled out of gas station before traveling E Columbus
NB, attempting to turn left onto Union Street WB at
intersection. MV2, traveling E Columbus NB, struck rear
corner of MV1. MV1 override & struck curb, rolling onto its
side & coming to rest at the signal post. MV2 operator taken
to hospital. Both vehicles towed.
MV1 and MV2 were both traveling NB on E. Columbus Ave.
Cars were side by side when forced to merge due to
construction zone when they collided.
MV1 was properly turning left from left lane of E. Columbus
Ave onto Union St when MV2 approached from behind and
collided with the side of MV1.
37
MV1 and MV2 were both traveling EB on Union St through E.
Columbus Ave intersection. After intersection the road
merges and MV2's mirror hit MV1's passenger side mirror
causing it to bend back and break.
58
3/12/2012
Monday
10:07 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
23
19
MV1 traveling EB on Union St. MV2 traveling NB on E.
Columbus Ave. Both vehicles collided at intersection.
Unknown which vehicle had green light.
59
6/3/2012
Sunday
9:07 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Rain
Wet
Inattention
Property Damage Only
22
23
MV1 traveling EB on Union St. was stop at red light. MV2
traveling NB on E. Columbus Ave tried to take left turn onto
Union St. when they struck the front end of MV1.
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Sheet 5 of 5
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at Main Street - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
Day of Week
Time of
Day
Manner of
Collision
Light Condition
1
3/17/2011
Thursday
12:37 AM
Single Vehicle
Dark - Lighted
Weather
Condition
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Crash Severity
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
Ages
D1
D2
39
N/A
2
5/17/2011
Tuesday
4:28 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Unknown
Property Damage Only
-
-
3
8/8/2011
Monday
10:11 AM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damage Only
36
46
4
10/1/2011
Saturday
1:39 AM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Other Improper Action
Property Damage Only
-
29
5
5/7/2012
Monday
8:43 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Disregarded traffic signs, signals, road
markings
Non-Fatal Injury
65
35
6
8/2/2012
Thursday
7:38 PM
Cyclist
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Other Improper Action
Non-Fatal Injury
64
23
7
9/19/2012
Wednesday
6:41 PM
Rear-End
Dusk
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damage Only
26
51
8
11/2/2012
Friday
3:38 PM
Cyclist
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Non-Fatal Injury
54
45
9
11/10/2012
Saturday
6:35 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
Non-Fatal Injury
66
59
Dry
Failed to yield right of way
Property Damage Only
89
64
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
64
39
10
11/23/2012
Friday
9:14 AM
Angle
Daylight
Fog, Smog,
Smoke
11
1/3/2013
Thursday
11:53 AM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Comments
D3
MV1 (Police Cruiser) backed into a tree at the northeastern
edge of the intersection during a three-point-turn when
responding to a shots-fired call. Trunk of MV1 was damaged.
MV2 traveling Union Street WB was rear-ended by MV1
while stopped for traffic. MV1 continued on Union Street
WB without stopping. MV2 suffered rear bumper damage on
driver's side.
MV1 traveling Union Street WB was rear-ended by MV2
while stopping for a red signal.
MV1 traveling Main Street SB hit MV2 turning left onto
Union Street WB from Main Street NB. MV2 started turning
left because MV1 didn't go when the signal turned green.
MV1 did not stop after hitting MV2.
MV2 traveling on Main Street SB failed to stop at red light.
Proceeds through intersection and strikes MV1 traveling on
Union Street EB
MV1 traveling on Main Street SB proceed through
intersection states hit by a cyclist. Cyclist traveling on Main
Street SB proceed through intersection states was hit by
MV1.
MV2 traveling on Union Street EB proceeded through
intersection when struck in the rearby MV1.
MV1 traveling on Union Street EB proceed through
intersection hits cyclist crossing Main Street SB. Cyclist
traveling on Main Street SB deflects off MV1 strikes rear of
MV3 traveling on Union Street EB about to turn left onto
Main Street NB.
MV1 traveling on Union Street WB attempting left-turn onto
Main Street SB. MV2 traveling straight on Union Street EB
strikes MV1.
MV1 traveling on Main Street NB makes right-turn through
intersection. MV2 traveling on Main Street SB makes leftturn through intersection and strikes MV1.
MV1 traveling WB on Union St. MV2 traveling EB on Union
St. MV1 attempted a left turn onto Main St. and was struck
by MV2 passing through intersection.
12
1/31/2013
Thursday
8:46 PM
Angle
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Made an improper turn
Non-Fatal Injury
20
40
MV1, a van filled with 8 people, traveling SB on Main St.
through the Union St. intersection. MV2 traveling NB on
Main St. attempted a left turn onto Union St. and was struck
by MV1 continuing through the intersection.
13
4/29/2013
Monday
9:06 AM
Rear End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Property Damage Only
47
36
MV1 and MV2 traveling east on Union St. MV1 stopped at
red light at intersection with Main St when rear ended by
MV2. Minimal damage.
14
6/21/2013
Friday
3:45 PM
Rear End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Unknown
Property Damage Only
18
28
MV1 and MV2 traveling NB on Main St. Vehicles approaching
intersection with Union St. MV2 ahead of MV1 slows/stops
at red light when struck in rear by MV1.
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Sheet 1 of 3
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at Main Street - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
15
7/12/2013
Friday
1:50 PM
Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Wrong side or wrong way
Property Damage Only
44
-
16
8/2/2013
Friday
9:57 PM
Angle
Dark - Not
Lighted
Rain
Wet
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
48
-
17
8/31/2013
Saturday
6:32 PM
Rear End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Non-Fatal Injury
30
59
18
12/11/2013
Wednesday
2:30 PM
Rear End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Non-Fatal Injury
44
29
19
1/24/2014
Friday
11:53 AM
Pedestrian
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Glare / Inattention
Non-Fatal Injury
23
57
20
11/4/2014
Tuesday
7:03 PM
Cyclist
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
26
24
21
12/16/2014
Tuesday
8:15 PM
Pedestrian
Dark - Lighted
Rain
Wet
No Improper Driving
Non-Fatal Injury
21
59
22
12/19/2014
Friday
8:36 PM
Single Vehicle
Dark - Lighted
Cloudy
Dry
No Improper Driving
Property Damage Only
35
N/A
MV1, turning right from Main Street SB onto Union Street
WB, struck the curb and then the traffic control box.
73
MV1, operating Union Street WB, crossed into the EB travel
lanes to go around a line of cars (including a marked police
cruiser) stopped for the red traffic signal. MV1 ran the red
traffic signal, colliding with MV2 in the intersection. MV2 was
operating Main Street SB with a green traffic signal. MV1 also
cited for not having a driver's license.
23
6/19/2011
Day of Week
Sunday
Time of
Day
12:14 PM
Manner of
Collision
Angle
Light Condition
Daylight
Weather
Condition
Clear
Road
Surface
Dry
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Exceeded authorized speed
Crash Severity
Non-Fatal Injury
Ages
D1
18
D2
24
7/1/2011
Friday
9:55 PM
Cyclist
Dark - Lighted
Clear
Dry
Other Improper Action
Non-Fatal Injury
50
19
25
8/1/2011
Monday
7:01 PM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Disregarded traffic signs, signals, road
markings
Non-Fatal Injury
24
20
26
9/22/2014
Monday
7:22 AM
Rear End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Followed Too Closely
Property Damage Only
45
27
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Sheet 2 of 3
D3
Comments
MV1, a police vehicle, stopped in the intersection of Main St.
and Union St. MV2 attempting to pass a row of stopped
traffic traveling WB on Union St. MV2 struck MV1 and
proceeded to fled WB on Union St.
MV2 traveling EB on Union St through the Main St.
intersection was struck by another MV who ran a red light in
the SB lane. The unknown MV fled the scene but
eyewhitness account was consistent with MV2's story.
MV1 and MV2 traveling NB on Main St. at the intersection
with Union St. Vehicles stopped at a red signal. MV1 in
directly in front of MV2 in the line of traffic. MV2 expected
MV1 to move when the light turned green though it did not.
MV2 rear ended MV1.
MV1 and MV2 traveling EB on Union St. Vehicles are stopped
in traffic at intersection of Main St. MV2 ahead of MV1 in
line of traffic. MV1 rear ends MV2.
MV1, traveling Main Street SB, struck a pedestrian walking
across Union Street while attempting to turn right onto
Union Street WB. MV1 operator claims there was sun glare &
pedestrian appeared all of a sudden.
MV1 was turning right onto Main Street NB from Union
Street WB when a cyclist made contact with the rear quarter
panel of MV1.
MV1 was traveling Union Street EB through a green light
behind another vehicle when it struck a wheelchair-bound
pedestrian attemping to cross the street despite a red
crosswalk signal. Pedestrian admitted to consuming alcohol
& having a red pedestrian signal. MV1 had 6 passengers in a
5-passenger car.
MV1 operating Union Street EB crossing Main Street when a
cyclist rode off of the sidewalk from the southeast corner of
the intersection into the intersection. MV1 hit the cyclist &
then fled the scene. His front license plate fell of from the
impact, so police were able to track down MV1.
MV1, operating Union Street WB, started into Main Street
intersection on a green traffic signal when it was struck by
MV2. MV2, operating Main Street SB, failed to stop at a red
traffic signal.
MV1 and MV2 traveling on Union Street EB. MV1 stopped in
traffic rear ended by MV2.
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street at Main Street - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
Day of Week
Time of
Day
Manner of
Collision
Light Condition
Weather
Condition
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Crash Severity
27
9/25/2011
Sunday
10:53 AM
Angle
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Inattention
28
4/14/2014
Monday
11:14 AM
Sideswipe, same
direction
Daylight
Cloudy
Dry
Inattention
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Sheet 3 of 3
Ages
D3
Comments
D1
D2
Property Damage Only
-
28
MV1 travelling SB on Main St. MV2 travelling WB on Union
St. collision occurred at intersection. MV2 fled the scene.
Property Damage Only
63
55
MV2 was heading SB on Main St approaching Union St
intersection. MV1 was parked on the side of Main St and
tried to pull into traffic when MV1 and MV2 collided.
Crash Data Summary Table
Union Street (Between West Columbus Avenue and Main Street) - Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 - 12/31/2014
Crash
Diagram
Reference
Crash Date
A
10/31/2011
Monday
12:31 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Wet
Unknown
B
8/21/2012
Tuesday
11:43 AM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
C
11/30/2012
Friday
1:13 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Cloudy
D
4/25/2013
Thursday
1:37 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Day of Week
Time of
Day
Manner of
Collision
Light Condition
Weather
Condition
Road
Surface
Driver Conributing Code (by Narritive
Description)
Crash Severity
Ages
D2
Non-Fatal Injury
22
34
Inattention
Property Damage Only
36
37
65
MV1 and MV2 stopped in traffic on Union Street EB. MV3
failed to stop and hit MV2 who in turn tapped MV1.
Dry
Inattention
Non-Fatal Injury
41
65
22
MV1 and MV2 stopped in traffic on Union Street EB. MV3
failed to stop and hit MV2 who in turn tapped MV1.
Dry
Inattention
Non-Fatal Injury
26
31
E
6/13/2013
Thursday
4:33 PM
Angle
Daylight
Rain
Wet
Inattention
Property Damage Only
38
54
F
9/19/2013
Thursday
12:05 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No Improper Driving
Non-Fatal Injury
27
51
G
12/4/2013
Wednesday
11:54 AM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
Non-Fatal Injury
31
-
H
3/24/2014
Monday
6:02 PM
Rear-End
Daylight
Clear
T:\T0454\Tech\RSA\1_Union Street Corridor RSA\T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table
Dry
Inattention
Sheet 1 of 1
Property Damage Only
47
43
D3
Comments
D1
MV1 was stopped in traffic on Union Street EB (99 Union
Street) when rear-ended by MV2. MV2 fled the scene but
then returned. MV2 operator says she slid on a patch of ice.
Minor damage to both vehicles.
MV1 & MV2 traveling Union Street EB. MV1 was stopped in a
line of traffic when it was rear-ended by MV2.
27
MV1 was stopped in traffic on Union Street EB (99 Union
Street) when MV2 backed into MV1 from 99 Union Street.
MV2 operator says MV1 drove into MV2 while he was
backing up. MV2 operator issued a 90/23 citation. MV1
towed.
MV1, MV2, & MV3 were all stopped in a long line of traffic on
Union Street EB (99 Union Street). When the signal at the
Main Street intersection turned green, MV3 accelerated
before MV1 & MV2 began moving. MV3 rear-ended MV2,
which was pushed into MV1.
MV1 & MV2 traveling Union Street WB were both stopped in
traffic. MV2 suddenly started driving and rear-ended
stationary MV1.
MV1 & MV2 traveling Union Street EB. MV1 was stopped in a
line of traffic when it was rear-ended by MV2, causing heavy
front-end damage to MV2 but only minor visible damage to
MV1. MV2 operator states she couldn't find the brake.
Crash Data Summary Charts
Union Street @ West Columbus Avenue ‐ Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 ‐ 12/31/2014
Union Street @ West Columbus Avenue
22
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
#
2
1
5
0
0
0
4
1
3
2
0
4
%
9%
5%
23%
0%
0%
0%
18%
5%
14%
9%
0%
18%
25%
Day of Week
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
#
1
2
1
2
4
8
4
%
5%
9%
5%
9%
18%
36%
18%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Time of Day
6AM ‐ 9AM
9AM ‐ 12PM
12PM‐3PM
3PM ‐ 6PM
6PM ‐ 9PM
9PM ‐ 6AM
#
2
3
3
5
4
5
%
9%
14%
14%
23%
18%
23%
30%
Manner of Collision
Single Vehicle
Rear‐end
Angled
Sideswipe
Head‐on
Ped/Bike
Unknown / Other
#
3
6
9
2
1
1
0
%
14%
27%
41%
9%
5%
5%
0%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Weather Conditions
Clear
Cloudy
Rain
Snow
Other
Unknown / NR
#
19
1
1
0
0
1
%
86%
5%
5%
0%
0%
5%
100%
Road Surface
Dry
Wet
Snow
Unknown / NR
#
20
1
0
1
%
91%
5%
0%
5%
100%
Crash Severity
Property Damage Only
Non‐Fatal Injury
Fatal Injury
Unknown / NR
#
14
7
0
1
%
64%
32%
0%
5%
100%
50%
0%
Main Contributing Factor from Narrative
Following Too Closely
Visibility Obstructed
Failure to Yield Right‐Of‐Way
Innattention / Distracted
Disregarded Traffic Controls
Excessive Speed
Physical Impairment
Erratic / Aggressive Driving
Cellular Phone Use
Failure to Signal Turn
Made an Improper Turn
No Improper Driving
Other / Unknown
#
1
0
3
9
2
0
1
1
0
0
1
2
2
%
5%
0%
14%
41%
9%
0%
5%
5%
0%
0%
5%
9%
9%
T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table.xlsx
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
20%
10%
0%
6AM ‐ 9AM 9AM ‐ 12PM 12PM‐3PM 3PM ‐ 6PM 6PM ‐ 9PM 9PM ‐ 6AM
Single
Vehicle
Rear‐end
Angled
Sideswipe Head‐on
Ped/Bike Unknown /
Other
50%
0%
Clear
Cloudy
Rain
Snow
Other
Unknown /
NR
50%
0%
Dry
Wet
Snow
Unknown / NR
Property Damage
Only
Non‐Fatal Injury
Fatal Injury
Unknown / NR
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Sheet 1 of 1
Crash Data Summary Charts
Union Street @ East Columbus Avenue ‐ Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 ‐ 12/31/2014
Union Street @ East Columbus Avenue
59
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
#
4
3
4
5
7
4
5
3
4
11
5
4
%
7%
5%
7%
8%
12%
7%
8%
5%
7%
19%
8%
7%
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
Day of Week
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
#
10
5
7
8
10
13
6
%
17%
8%
12%
14%
17%
22%
10%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Time of Day
6AM ‐ 9AM
9AM ‐ 12PM
12PM‐3PM
3PM ‐ 6PM
6PM ‐ 9PM
9PM ‐ 6AM
#
7
7
15
15
5
10
%
12%
12%
25%
25%
8%
17%
30%
Manner of Collision
Single Vehicle
Rear‐end
Angled
Sideswipe
Head‐on
Ped/Bike
Unknown / Other
#
4
10
33
11
0
0
1
%
7%
17%
56%
19%
0%
0%
2%
60%
Weather Conditions
Clear
Cloudy
Rain
Snow
Other
Unknown / NR
#
32
18
7
1
0
1
%
54%
31%
12%
2%
0%
2%
60%
Road Surface
Dry
Wet
Snow
Unknown / NR
#
47
10
0
2
%
80%
17%
0%
3%
100%
Crash Severity
Property Damage Only
Non‐Fatal Injury
Fatal Injury
Unknown / NR
#
33
25
0
1
%
56%
42%
0%
2%
100%
50%
0%
Main Contributing Factor from Narrative
Following Too Closely
Made an Improper Turn / Failure to Keep in Lane /
Running Off Road
Failure to Yield Right‐Of‐Way
Innattention / Distracted
Disregarded Traffic Controls
Excessive Speed
Swerving / Avoiding
Erratic / Aggressive Driving
Cellular Phone Use
Failure to Signal Turn
Vehicle Malfunction
No Improper Driving
Other / Unknown
#
1
%
2%
17
3
9
1
1
2
1
0
0
1
9
14
29%
5%
15%
2%
2%
3%
2%
0%
0%
2%
15%
24%
T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table.xlsx
20%
10%
0%
6AM ‐ 9AM 9AM ‐ 12PM 12PM‐3PM 3PM ‐ 6PM 6PM ‐ 9PM 9PM ‐ 6AM
40%
20%
0%
Single
Vehicle
Rear‐end
Angled
Sideswipe Head‐on
Ped/Bike Unknown /
Other
40%
20%
0%
Clear
Cloudy
Rain
Snow
Other
Unknown /
NR
50%
0%
Dry
Wet
Snow
Unknown / NR
Property Damage
Only
Non‐Fatal Injury
Fatal Injury
Unknown / NR
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Sheet 1 of 1
Crash Data Summary Charts
Union Street @ Main Street ‐ Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 ‐ 12/31/2014
Union Street @ Main Street
28
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
#
3
0
1
2
2
2
2
5
3
1
4
3
%
11%
0%
4%
7%
7%
7%
7%
18%
11%
4%
14%
11%
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
Day of Week
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
#
2
6
3
2
4
8
3
%
7%
21%
11%
7%
14%
29%
11%
30%
Time of Day
6AM ‐ 9AM
9AM ‐ 12PM
12PM‐3PM
3PM ‐ 6PM
6PM ‐ 9PM
9PM ‐ 6AM
#
1
7
3
3
9
5
%
4%
25%
11%
11%
32%
18%
40%
Manner of Collision
Single Vehicle
Rear‐end
Angled
Sideswipe
Head‐on
Ped/Bike
Unknown / Other
#
2
8
11
1
0
6
0
%
7%
29%
39%
4%
0%
21%
0%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Weather Conditions
Clear
Cloudy
Rain
Snow
Other
Unknown / NR
#
20
4
3
0
1
0
%
71%
14%
11%
0%
4%
0%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Road Surface
Dry
Wet
Snow
Unknown / NR
#
25
3
0
0
%
89%
11%
0%
0%
100%
Crash Severity
Property Damage Only
Non‐Fatal Injury
Fatal Injury
Unknown / NR
#
16
12
0
0
%
57%
43%
0%
0%
100%
50%
0%
Main Contributing Factor from Narrative
Following Too Closely
Visibility Obstructed
Failure to Yield Right‐Of‐Way
Innattention / Distracted
Disregarded Traffic Controls
Excessive Speed
Glare
Erratic / Aggressive Driving / Wrong Way
Cellular Phone Use
Made an Improper Turn
Vehicle Malfunction
No Improper Driving
Other / Unknown
#
1
0
2
7
2
1
1
1
0
1
0
5
7
%
4%
0%
7%
25%
7%
4%
4%
4%
0%
4%
0%
18%
25%
T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table.xlsx
20%
10%
0%
30%
20%
10%
0%
6AM ‐ 9AM 9AM ‐ 12PM 12PM‐3PM 3PM ‐ 6PM 6PM ‐ 9PM 9PM ‐ 6AM
Single
Vehicle
Rear‐end
Clear
Angled
Cloudy
Sideswipe Head‐on
Rain
Snow
Ped/Bike Unknown /
Other
Other
Unknown /
NR
50%
0%
Dry
Wet
Snow
Unknown / NR
Property Damage
Only
Non‐Fatal Injury
Fatal Injury
Unknown / NR
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
Sheet 1 of 1
Crash Data Summary Charts
Union Street @ Main Street ‐ Springfield, Massachusetts
1/1/2011 ‐ 12/31/2014
Union Street Corridor
8
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
#
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
%
0%
0%
13%
13%
0%
13%
0%
13%
13%
13%
13%
13%
14%
Day of Week
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
#
0
2
1
1
3
1
0
%
0%
25%
13%
13%
38%
13%
0%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Time of Day
6AM ‐ 9AM
9AM ‐ 12PM
12PM‐3PM
3PM ‐ 6PM
6PM ‐ 9PM
9PM ‐ 6AM
#
0
2
4
1
1
0
%
0%
25%
50%
13%
13%
0%
60%
Manner of Collision
Single Vehicle
Rear‐end
Angled
Sideswipe
Head‐on
Ped/Bike
Unknown / Other
#
0
7
1
0
0
0
0
%
0%
88%
13%
0%
0%
0%
0%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Weather Conditions
Clear
Cloudy
Rain
Snow
Other
Unknown / NR
#
6
1
1
0
0
0
%
75%
13%
13%
0%
0%
0%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Road Surface
Dry
Wet
Snow
Unknown / NR
#
6
2
0
0
%
75%
25%
0%
0%
100%
Crash Severity
Property Damage Only
Non‐Fatal Injury
Fatal Injury
Unknown / NR
#
3
5
0
0
%
38%
63%
0%
0%
100%
50%
0%
Main Contributing Factor from Narrative
Following too Closely
Visibility Obstructed
Failure to Yield Right‐Of‐Way
Innattention / Distracted
Disregarded Traffic Controls
Excessive Speed
Glare
Erratic / Aggressive Driving
Cellular Phone Use
Failure to Signal Turn
Vehicle Malfunction
No Improper Driving
Other / Unknown
#
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
%
0%
0%
0%
75%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
13%
13%
T0454_Union Street Crash Data Summary Table.xlsx
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
40%
20%
0%
6AM ‐ 9AM 9AM ‐ 12PM 12PM‐3PM 3PM ‐ 6PM 6PM ‐ 9PM 9PM ‐ 6AM
Single
Vehicle
Clear
Rear‐end
Angled
Cloudy
Sideswipe Head‐on
Rain
Snow
Ped/Bike Unknown /
Other
Other
Unknown /
NR
50%
0%
Dry
Wet
Snow
Unknown / NR
Property Damage
Only
Non‐Fatal Injury
Fatal Injury
Unknown / NR
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Sheet 1 of 1
INTERSECTION CRASH RATE WORKSHEET
CITY/TOWN : SPRINGFIELD
DISTRICT :
2
COUNT DATE :
UNSIGNALIZED :
NO
Aug-12
SIGNALIZED :
YES
~ INTERSECTION DATA ~
MINOR STREET(S) :
UNION STREET
INTERSECTION
North
DIAGRAM
(Label Approaches)
West Union Street
Union Street
W Columbus
WEST COLUMBUS AVENUE
W Columbus
MAJOR STREET :
PEAK HOUR VOLUMES
APPROACH :
1
2
3
4
DIRECTION :
EB
WB
NB
SB
PEAK HOURLY
VOLUMES (AM/PM) :
37
264
" K " FACTOR :
0.109
TOTAL # OF CRASHES :
22
CRASH RATE CALCULATION :
5
1,536
INTERSECTION ADT ( V ) = TOTAL DAILY
APPROACH VOLUME :
# OF
YEARS :
0.89
4
AVERAGE # OF
CRASHES PER YEAR (
A):
RATE =
Total Peak
Hourly
Approach
Volume
1,837
16,853
5.50
( A * 1,000,000 )
( V * 365 )
Comments : K DETERMINED FROM ATR ON W COLUMBUS BETWEEN BLISS & HOWARD
Project Title & Date:
MGM SPRINGFIELD - SPRINGFIELD, MA
INTERSECTION CRASH RATE WORKSHEET
CITY/TOWN : SPRINGFIELD
DISTRICT :
2
COUNT DATE :
UNSIGNALIZED :
NO
Aug-12
SIGNALIZED :
YES
~ INTERSECTION DATA ~
MINOR STREET(S) :
UNION STREET
INTERSECTION
North
DIAGRAM
(Label Approaches)
Union Street
Union Street
E Columbus
EAST COLUMBUS AVENUE
E Columbus
MAJOR STREET :
PEAK HOUR VOLUMES
APPROACH :
1
2
3
4
DIRECTION :
EB
WB
NB
SB
PEAK HOURLY
VOLUMES (AM/PM) :
389
382
1,427
" K " FACTOR :
0.104
TOTAL # OF CRASHES :
59
CRASH RATE CALCULATION :
5
2,198
INTERSECTION ADT ( V ) = TOTAL DAILY
APPROACH VOLUME :
# OF
YEARS :
1.91
4
Total Peak
Hourly
Approach
Volume
21,135
AVERAGE # OF
CRASHES PER YEAR (
A):
RATE =
( A * 1,000,000 )
( V * 365 )
Comments : K DETERMINED FROM ATR ON E COLUMBUS BETWEEN BLISS & HOWARD
Project Title & Date:
MGM SPRINGFIELD - SPRINGFIELD, MA
14.75
INTERSECTION CRASH RATE WORKSHEET
CITY/TOWN : SPRINGFIELD
DISTRICT :
2
COUNT DATE :
UNSIGNALIZED :
NO
Nov-12
SIGNALIZED :
YES
~ INTERSECTION DATA ~
MINOR STREET(S) :
UNION STREET
INTERSECTION
North
DIAGRAM
(Label Approaches)
Union Street
Union Street
Main Street
MAIN STREET
Main Street
MAJOR STREET :
PEAK HOUR VOLUMES
APPROACH :
1
2
3
4
DIRECTION :
EB
WB
NB
SB
PEAK HOURLY
VOLUMES (AM/PM) :
520
350
334
471
" K " FACTOR :
0.077
TOTAL # OF CRASHES :
28
CRASH RATE CALCULATION :
5
INTERSECTION ADT ( V ) = TOTAL DAILY
APPROACH VOLUME :
# OF
YEARS :
0.88
4
AVERAGE # OF
CRASHES PER YEAR (
A):
RATE =
Total Peak
Hourly
Approach
Volume
1,675
21,753
7.00
( A * 1,000,000 )
( V * 365 )
Comments : K DETERMINED FROM ATR ON MAIN STREET NORTH OF HOWARD STREET
Project Title & Date:
MGM SPRINGFIELD - SPRINGFIELD, MA
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Appendix D: Volume Data
MGM Springfield Off-Site Transportation Improvements - Springfield, Massachusetts
Not to Scale
Functional Design Report
th
th
or
or
N
th
or
th
or
N
N
C:\Users\sgregorio\appdata\local\temp\AcPublish_3708\T0454_FDR_Traffic Networks_2015 Base Year.dwg 10/9/2015 3:13:40 PM
N
Figure 2C
TEC, Inc.
65 Glenn Street 169 Ocean Blvd, Unit 101
Lawrence, MA 01843 Hampton, NH 03842
(978) 794.1792 (603) 601.8154
www.TheEngineeringCorp.com
2015 Base Year Conditions
Weekday Morning, Evening, and
Saturday Midday
Peak Hour Traffic Volumes
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Appendix E: Road Safety Audit References
Road Safety Audit – Union Street Corridor, Springfield
Nitsch Engineering 11214
Road Safety Audit References
Massachusetts
Traffic
Safety
www.mhd.state.ma.us/safetytoolbox.
Toolbox,
Massachusetts
Highway
Department,
Road Safety Audits, A Synthesis of Highway Practice. NCHRP Synthesis 336. Transportation Research
Board, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, 2004.
Road Safety Audits. Institute of Transportation Engineers and U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal
Highway Administration, www.roadwaysafetyaudits.org.
FHWA Road Safety Audit Guidelines.
Administration, 2006.
U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway
Road Safety Audit, 2nd edition. Austroads, 2000.
Road Safety Audits. ITE Technical Council Committee 4S-7. Institute of Transportation Engineers,
February 1995.