ROAD SAFETY AUDIT
College Highway
Feeding Hills Road to Depot Street/Granville Road
Town of Southwick
December 8, 2009
Prepared For:
MassDOT Highway Division
Prepared By:
BETA Group, Inc.
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table of Contents
Project Data.................................................................................................................................1
Background .................................................................................................................................2
Project Description .....................................................................................................................2
Audit Observations .....................................................................................................................6
Potential Safety Enhancements .................................................................................................9
Summary of Road Safety Audit...............................................................................................12
List of Appendices
Appendix A.
Appendix B.
Appendix C.
Appendix D.
RSA Meeting Agenda
RSA Audit Team Contact List
Detailed Crash Data
Speed Regulations
List of Figures
Figure 1.
Locus Map.............................................................................................................................. 3
List of Tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Participating Audit Team Members ....................................................................................... 1
Estimated Time Frame and Costs Breakdown ....................................................................... 9
Potential Safety Enhancement Summary ............................................................................. 13
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Project Data
A Road Safety Audit for College Highway (Routes 10 & 202) from Feeding Hills Road (Route 57) to
Depot Street/Granville Road (Route 57) in the Town of Southwick was held on November 2, 2009 at the
Southwick Town Hall. As indicated in Table 1, the audit team consisted of representatives from State,
Regional and Local agencies and included a cross-section of engineering, planning, and emergency
response expertise.
Table 1. Participating Audit Team Members
Audit Team Member
Bonnie Polin
Lisa Schletzbaum
Carrie Lavallee
Dick Grannells
Marcus Phelps
Don Morris
Mark Krynicki
Kirk Sanders
Dave Ricardi
John Hillman
Dan Shattuck
Matt Christy
Gary Roux
Ray Snow
John Barry
Paul Petit
Greg Lucas
Christine Keches
Agency/Affiliation
MassDOT Highway Division – Safety Section
MassDOT Highway Division – Safety Section
MassDOT Highway Division – Project Management
Department of Public Works – Town of Southwick
Town Planner – Town of Southwick
Fire Chief – Town of Southwick
Police Chief – Town of Southwick
Southwick Police Department
Southwick Police Department
MassDOT Highway Division – District 2
MassDOT Highway Division – District 2
MassDOT Highway Division – District 2
Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC)
Transportation Supervisor - Southwick-Tolland Regional
School District
Superintendent - Southwick-Tolland Regional School
District
Assistant Superintendent - Southwick-Tolland Regional
School District
BETA Group, Inc.
BETA Group, Inc.
Page 1
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Background
The Federal Highway Administration defines a Road Safety Audit (RSA) as the formal safety
examination of an existing or future road or intersection by an independent, multidisciplinary team. The
purpose of an RSA is to identify potential safety issues and possible opportunities for safety
improvements considering all roadway users. A Road Safety Audit was scheduled for College Highway
from Feeding Hills Road (Route 57) to Depot Street/Granville Road (Route 57) because the College
Highway/Feeding Hills Road intersection was identified as a high crash location. College Highway from
Tannery Road to 0.2 miles south of Depot Street/Granville Road is scheduled to be reconstructed in 2010
by the MassDOT Highway Division. The project includes the signalized intersections of College
Highway/Feeding Hills Road and College Highway/Depot Street/Granville Road. The RSA is intended
to identify both short and long term safety improvements that can be made along the subject corridor,
with a specific focus at the high crash location of College Highway and Feeding Hills Road.
Recommended improvements can then be incorporated into the planned reconstruction project to the
greatest extent practicable.
Project Description
College Highway, shown in Figure 1, is a major north-south arterial in the Town of Southwick. It is a
state-owned roadway designated as MA state Route 10 and US Route 202 and is functionally classified as
an Urban Principal Arterial. It provides access from Westfield and the Massachusetts Turnpike to the
north and to Southwick and Granby, CT to the south. The RSA included two signalized intersections,
which are discussed in detail below.
College Highway/Feeding Hills Road
College Highway and Feeding Hills
Road form a 3-way T-type intersection,
with Feeding Hills Road approaching
College Highway from the east.
Feeding Hills Road is designated as MA
State Route 57, is town-owned and is
classified as an Urban Principal Arterial.
Feeding Hills Road provides access to
Agawam and Springfield to the east, and
locally to Southwick-Tolland Regional
High School, Powder Hill Middle
School and Woodland Elementary
School approximately 0.6 miles to the
east of College Highway. The
intersection of College Highway and
Feeding Hills Road is under traffic
College Highway at Feeding Hills Road
Page 2
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315 Norwood Park South
Norwood, MA 02062
781.255.1982
BETA@BETA-inc.com
ROAD SAFETY AUDIT
Southwick, MA
Location Map
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
signal control with basic 2-phase operation. College Highway provides a left turn lane and a through
lane in the southbound direction, and a single shared lane in the northbound direction. The single lane
northbound widens in advance of the intersection, and there is a small island in the northbound direction
that provides separation for right turning vehicles. Feeding Hills Road provides one lane approaching the
intersection, although it widens enough to allow separation between left and right turning vehicles at the
stop line. There is a five foot wide sidewalk on the southeast corner of the intersection along the Mobil
gas station property, and a continuous sidewalk along the south side of Feeding Hills Road. There are no
continuous sidewalks along College Highway, and no existing crosswalks or other pedestrian
accommodations.
College Highway/Depot Street/Granville Road
College Highway, Depot Street and
Granville Road form a 4-way, signalized
intersection approximately 0.6 miles south
of the College Highway/Feeding Hills
Road intersection. Granville Road is
designated as MA Route 57, which is an
east-west route but follows College
Highway for the brief distance between
Granville Road and Feeding Hills Road.
Granville Road is an Urban Principal
Arterial at its intersection with College
Highway but becomes a Rural Minor
Arterial approximately one mile west of
College Highway. Granville Road
extends westward through the Berkshires
towards Great Barrington. Depot Street is
an Urban Minor Arterial in the vicinity of
Depot Street at College Highway
College Highway but is classified as an
Urban Collector further east of the intersection. Depot Street provides access to residential streets and
neighborhoods in the eastern portion of Southwick.
College Highway has an exclusive left turn lane in both directions at Depot Street and Granville Road, as
well as a shared through/right turn lane. Depot Street and Granville Road both provide single lane
approaches. The existing traffic signal provides 3-phase operation; a phase for College Highway, a phase
for Depot Street and Granville Road, and an exclusive pedestrian phase called by pushbutton. There are
crosswalks across all four legs of the intersection. There are continuous sidewalks on both sides of
College Highway south of the intersection, on the south side of Granville Road, and on the north side of
Depot Street.
Page 4
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
College Highway
College Highway between Feeding Hills Road and Granville Road/Depot Street is one lane in each
direction and primarily commercial in nature. There are a number of curb cuts for area businesses,
several of which have multiple curb cuts to access their property.
The posted speed limit on College Highway varies from 35 MPH to 50 MPH along its length within the
Town of Southwick. A map showing speed regulations established by the Commonwealth is included in
the Appendix. The posted speed limit is 35 MPH in the audit area, although it increases to 40 MPH to the
south and to 45 MPH to the north.
Crash data were provided by the MassDOT Highway Division and are included in the Appendix. Crash
data were compiled from January of 2006 to October of 2009. Crash data were summarized for four
segments of roadway: College Highway from Tannery Road to Feeding Hills Road, College Highway
from Feeding Hills Road to Southwick Hill Drive, the College Highway/Feeding Hills Road intersection,
and the College Highway/Depot Street/Granville Road intersection.
There were a total of 26 crashes at the intersection of College Highway and Feeding Hills Road. The data
show that there are a few common contributing factors to crashes at the intersection. Eight of the 26
crashes (31%) were angle-type crashes involving a northbound through vehicle and a southbound vehicle
turning left onto Feeding Hills Road. It was suggested by audit participants that the lack of an exclusive
left turn phase causes left-turning vehicles to attempt to turn quickly in front of northbound through
vehicles, or to remain in the intersection and complete their turning movement after the signal turns red.
The lack of a far side left turn signal exacerbates this situation, as drivers are unaware that the light has
turned yellow and red while they are waiting in the intersection. 13 of the 26 crashes (50%) were rearend crashes involving vehicles running into vehicles that were stopped while navigating a turn. Four of
these 13 crashes occurred between right-turning vehicles from Feeding Hills Road, one occurred between
right-turning vehicles from College Highway, and four occurred when a vehicle was struck turning into
the Mobil gas station on the southeast corner of the intersection. Seven of the 26 crashes (27%) were
believed to be related to vehicles entering or exiting the Mobil driveways. Eleven of the 26 crashes
(42%) occurred under wet, snowy or icy conditions.
There were a total of 21 crashes at the intersection of College Highway, Granville Road and Depot Street.
The data show that eight of the 21 crashes (38%) were rear-end crashes and that five crashes (24%) were
angle-type crashes. It should be noted that two crashes involved a truck striking the traffic signal post on
the northeast corner while navigating the right turn from Depot Street to College Highway. Six of the 21
crashes (29%) occurred under wet, snowy or icy conditions. It should also be noted that twelve of the 21
crashes (57%) involved a young driver between the ages of 15 and 20.
Crash data for the College Highway corridor was compiled by District 2 of the MassDOT Highway
Division. A summary is included in the Appendix, along with collision diagrams for the corridor. The
data show that there were 38 crashes along College Highway between Tannery Road and Feeding Hills
Road, a length of approximately 0.7 miles. There were 26 crashes along College Highway between
Feeding Hills Road and Southwick Hill Drive, a length of approximately 0.25 miles. The majority of
these crashes were rear-end crashes near curb cuts and/or minor side streets. It is assumed that stopped
Page 5
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
vehicles are being struck while waiting to make a left turn from College Highway. Eight of these crashes
occurred at Coes Hill Road and five occurred at the driveway entrance for the Southwick Post Office.
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volumes were summarized during the audit based on data obtained from
PVPC’s Traffic Study of College Highway dated October 2008 and Traffic Study of Feeding Hills Road
dated September 2008. The studies showed that College Highway carries 15,200 vehicles per day (vpd)
north of Feeding Hills Road and 15,550 vpd south of Feeding Hills Road. Feeding Hills Road carries
10,900 vpd east of College Highway. Depot Street carries 8,000 vpd east of College Highway. No data
were available for Granville Road.
Audit Observations
Following a brief introduction to the RSA process and a summary of traffic volumes and crash
information, the audit participants were asked to discuss issues that may affect safety along College
Highway and specifically at the intersections of College Highway/Feeding Hills Road and College
Highway/Depot Street/Granville Road. Audit participants then conducted a site visit as a group, at which
time they offered observations on safety concerns and deficiencies. A summary of those major safety
considerations is as follows, summarized by location:
College Highway/Feeding Hills Road
•
•
•
•
Left turn lane phasing/signal visibility – The lack of an exclusive left turn phase causes vehicles
to attempt to turn quickly in advance of northbound through traffic. Vehicles may also become
trapped in the intersection after the light turns red, unaware that the signal has changed due to the
lack of a far side signal head.
Feeding Hills Road lane configuration – The wide lane on the Feeding Hills Road approach
allows for separation between left and right turning vehicles at the stop line, but is not marked as
two separate lanes which causes
driver confusion and may
contribute to crashes.
Accommodation of Truck Turns
– The channelizing islands on
the Feeding Hills Road
approach restrict turns for large
trucks, which results in
encroachment on the islands.
Visibility of street name signs –
Street name signs are at the
back of the island on the
Feeding Hills Road approach,
approximately 50 feet from the
gutter line of College Highway.
Feeding Hills Road at College Highway
Page 6
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Motorists looking for Feeding Hills Road may not see the sign until they have passed it, then
make either a short stop or an unexpected turn which may create a potential crash. Audit
participants suggested that signs were originally located on the nose of the island, but were
knocked down and then moved to the back of the island.
•
•
•
•
•
Lighting – Roadway lighting is limited along the College Highway corridor. It was suggested
that improved lighting at area businesses, including the Mobil gas station, draws the driver’s
focus away from the roadway which reduces awareness and visibility of the intersection and the
existing islands.
Pedestrian accommodations – No crosswalks or pedestrian signals are provided at the
intersection. There are no continuous sidewalks along College Highway in the vicinity of
Feeding Hills Road.
Mobil Driveways – The Mobil gas station on the southeast corner of the intersection has curb cuts
on both College Highway and Feeding Hills Road. Both driveways are wide with a small island
in the center, suggesting separation between ins and outs although there are no markings or
signage indicating traffic control.
Intersection visibility – There is a crest vertical curve on College Highway to the north of Feeding
Hills Road as well as on Feeding Hills Road in advance of the intersection. Visibility and
awareness of the signalized intersection in the southbound direction may be restricted by existing
geometry.
Traffic Signal visibility – The existing traffic signal at the intersection has signal heads 8 inch
yellow and green lenses and no backplates, which reduces visibility of the traffic signal for
approaching vehicles.
College Highway/Southwick Hill Drive
•
•
Access management – There are a
number of businesses in the direct
vicinity of Southwick Hill Drive
which have separate, and in some
cases multiple, curb cuts. It was
suggested by audit participants
that local business owners are
willing to work with the Town of
Southwick to reconfigure access.
Traffic control – It was suggested
by several audit participants that a
traffic signal should be installed in
conjunction with realignment of
driveways for several area
businesses. Although a traffic
College Highway at Southwick Hill Drive
(Roma Restaurant entrance and Sunoco Station on right)
Page 7
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
signal may not be warranted, improved access management should be a goal of any planned
improvements at this intersection. A southbound left turn lane at this location has been
established as a priority by the Southwick Board of Selectmen.
College Highway/Depot Street/Granville Road
•
•
Corner radii – It was noted by several audit participants that the corner radii on the northwest,
northeast and southeast corners restricts turning movements by large trucks. This is supported by
crash data at the intersection, which showed 2 crashes involving signal post strikes on the
northeast corner.
Left turn lane phasing – The lack of an exclusive left turn phase was noted as a safety issue by
audit participants. The audit participant noted that left turning vehicles on College Highway
attempt to turn quickly in advance of through vehicles.
College Highway corridor
•
•
•
•
•
Lighting – Roadway lighting is limited along the College Highway corridor. It was suggested
that improved lighting at area businesses draws the driver’s focus away from the roadway which
reduces awareness and visibility.
Left Turn accommodation – The prevalence of rear-end crashes along the corridor suggests that
further accommodations should be provided for left turning vehicles, specifically at Coes Hill
Road and the Southwick Post Office. Town of Southwick personnel stated that northbound left
turn lanes at Coes Hill Road, the Post Office, and a future DPW facility at 661 College Highway
(former Suburban Chevrolet) are priorities of the Southwick Board of Selectmen.
Shoulder width – The existing combined lane and shoulder width does not provide enough space
for a through vehicle to pass a left turning vehicle on College Highway.
Pedestrian accommodations – Continuous sidewalks are not provided along College Highway.
Audit participants noted that there is limited pedestrian activity in the area, but that pedestrians
currently walk in the roadway due to the lack of defined sidewalks.
Speed limit inconsistency – It was noted that the speed limit changes often along the College
Highway corridor. Speed regulations included in the Appendix show that nine separate speed
zones along the 6.9 mile length of College Highway (Routes 10/202) in Southwick.
Page 8
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Potential Safety Enhancements
After the site visit, audit participants returned to the meeting location to discuss the safety issues and
consider improvements. Audit participants were encouraged to consider both short and long term
improvements for each issue. Each improvement considered has been categorized as short-term, midterm, or long-term based on the definitions shown in Table 2. Additionally, a cost category has been
assigned to each improvement based on the parameters set forth in Table 2.
Table 2. Estimated Time Frame and Costs Breakdown
Time Frame
Short-term
<1 year
Mid-term
1–3 years
Long-term
>3 years
Costs
Low
Medium
High
<$10,000
$10,001–$50,000
>$50,000
College Highway/Feeding Hills Road
The following improvements were suggested by audit participants to improve safety issues associated
with the intersection of College Highway and Feeding Hills Road.
•
•
•
•
Provide exclusive left turn phase. Signal upgrades planned for the College Highway/Feeding Hills
Road intersection should include an exclusive left turn phase for vehicles turning from College
Highway southbound to Feeding Hills Road. The overhead arrow indication for the exclusive left
turn should be supplemented with a far side, ground mounted signal head for improved signal
visibility as vehicles pass through the intersection. The far side signal is most beneficial when
installed for a protected and permissive left turn movement, which may also be considered at this
intersection. This is a mid-term, low cost improvement if done in conjunction with already planned
traffic signal improvements.
Widen Feeding Hills Road. Feeding Hills Road should be widened at the approach to College
Highway to provide two defined lanes, one for left turning vehicles and one for right turning vehicles.
This will eliminate the current driver confusion brought on by the wide, undefined lane. This is a
mid-term, low cost improvement if done in conjunction with already planned improvements.
Eliminate islands at the intersection. Removing the existing channelizing islands at the College
Highway/Feeding Hills Road intersection would help accommodation of large trucks at the
intersections, and would also help prevent crashes which may occur due to limited visibility of the
existing islands at night. This is a mid-term, low cost improvement if done in conjunction with
already planned improvements.
Upgrade lighting at the intersection. It was suggested that roadway lighting should be improved
along the entire College Highway corridor and specifically at the intersection of College Highway
and Feeding Hills Road. This improvement would involve installing overhead lights on existing
utility poles along the College Highway corridor. This is a mid-term, medium cost improvement.
Page 9
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
•
•
•
•
•
Relocate street signs. It was noted during the audit that street signs placed at the back of an existing
island are not clearly visible to traffic approaching on College Highway. It was first suggested that
signs should be relocated to the front of the island, but it was also noted that signs previously located
at this location had been knocked down. It is recommended that street signs be relocated to either the
southeast or southwest corner of the intersection in conjunction with the recommendation to remove
the existing raised islands. This is a short-term, low cost
improvement. Although it was not discussed at the audit meeting,
it is recommended that Advance Street Name Signs be installed in
accordance with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
(MUTCD).
Install “Signal Ahead” warning signs. It was suggested by audit
participants that the vertical alignment of College Highway decreases
awareness of the signalized intersection at Feeding Hills Road, which
may lead to rear-end collisions. It is recommended that a W3-3 “Signal
Ahead” warning sign be installed on College Highway southbound and
on Feeding Hills Road in advance of the intersection to warn drivers of
the traffic signal. This is a short-term, low cost solution.
Increase signal head size and install backplates. The existing 8 inch green and yellow indications at
the intersection decrease visibility of the signal for approaching vehicles on all three approaches. It is
recommended that the proposed improvements incorporate 12 inch signal heads in accordance with
current MassDOT Highway Division standards and include backplates for all signal heads. This is a
short term, medium cost improvement that should be done in conjunction with already planned traffic
signal reconstruction.
Install sidewalks and provide pedestrian accommodations. Currently, there are no pedestrian
accommodations at the intersection of College Highway and Feeding Hills Road. It is recommended
that sidewalks be installed along both sides of College Highway as part of the upcoming
reconstruction project. In conjunction with that work, crosswalks, pedestrian pushbuttons and an
exclusive pedestrian phase should be provided at the intersection of College Highway and Feeding
Hills Road. This is a mid-term, high cost improvement that should be done in conjunction with
already planned improvements.
Investigate access for Mobil driveways. The existing curb cuts for the Mobil gas stations are wide
and undefined. It is recommended that existing access be studied to determine if curb cut
requirements for state highway access have been followed. The Town of Southwick in conjunction
with MassDOT Highway Division District 2 may also wish to speak to the property owner to see if
pavement markings and signage can be upgraded to clearly define turning movements at each
driveway. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
College Highway/Southwick Hill Drive
•
Investigate access management for area businesses. There are a number of businesses along College
Highway near the Southwick Hill Drive intersection which have separate, and in some cases multiple,
Page 10
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
curb cuts. It is recommended that existing access be studied to ensure that curb cut requirements for
state highway access have been followed. The Town of Southwick is also encouraged to talk to local
business owners to determine if they are agreeable to modified or reduced access, specifically along
College Highway. It was noted by town officials that the Lutheran Church north of Southwick Hill
Drive is open to the idea of relocating their access to Southwick Hill Drive if a traffic signal can be
installed at the intersection of Southwick Hill Drive and College Highway. This is a short-term, low
cost improvement.
•
•
•
Determine traffic signal feasibility at College Highway/Southwick Hill Drive. In conjunction with
the previous improvement, an intersection study should be conducted to determine if traffic signal
warrants are met. It was noted by town officials that the owner of Roma Restaurant would be
agreeable to relocating his driveway to create a 4-way, signalized intersection with Southwick Hill
Drive and College Highway. This would require acquisition of the existing Sunoco gas station that is
currently opposite Southwick Hill Drive on the west side of College Highway. This is a short-term,
medium cost improvement.
Conduct an in-depth sight distance study. In conjunction with any modification to existing curb cuts,
a sight distance study should be conducted to determine if adequate sight distance would exist for
relocated and/or realigned driveways. This is a short-term, low cost improvement.
Extend two-way left turn lane north of Southwick Hill Drive. It was noted by MassDOT Highway
Division District 2 personnel that a 2-way left turn lane will be provided as part of the planned
reconstruction of College Highway between Southwick Hill Drive and Depot Street/Granville Road.
It was suggested that this 2-way left turn lane be extended to the Roma Restaurant driveway,
approximately 180 feet north of Southwick Hill Drive. This is a mid-term, medium cost
improvement.
College Highway/Depot Street/Granville Road
•
•
Increase corner radii. Three of the four corners at the intersection have tight corner radii, which
increases the potential for encroachment of turning vehicles. It is recommended that the corner radii
be increased on the northwest, northeast and southeast corners of the intersection. This is a medium
cost, short term improvement (assuming no right-of-way impacts) that should be done in conjunction
with planned improvements.
Provide exclusive left turn phase. Signal upgrades planned for the College Highway/Depot
Street/Granville Road intersection should include an exclusive left turn phase for vehicles turning
from College Highway. This is a mid-term, low cost improvement if done in conjunction with
already planned traffic signal improvements.
College Highway
•
Upgrade lighting. It was suggested that roadway lighting should be improved along the entire
College Highway corridor. This improvement would involve installing overhead lights on existing
utility poles. This is a mid-term, medium cost improvement.
Page 11
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
•
•
•
•
Explore feasibility of a left turn lane at Coes Hill Road and the Southwick Post Office. It was
suggested by audit participants that a left turn lane be added on College Highway northbound at Coes
Hill Road and the Southwick Post Office. It was also suggested during the audit meeting that existing
turn volumes at the Post Office may not warrant an exclusive left turn lane. It is recommended that
turning volumes be studied to determine if a left turn lane is warranted at these locations. This is a
short-term, low cost improvement that should be completed as part of the design of planned
improvements.
Modify sidewalk limits of the proposed reconstruction project. The proposed College Highway
reconstruction project includes new sidewalks on both sides of College Highway for its entire length,
from Tannery Road to south of Depot Street and Granville Road. It was suggested by audit
participants that the proposed sidewalk could end at the Alliance Bank on the east side of College
Highway and at the Southwick Post Office on the west side of College Highway. This would
eliminate approximately 1800 feet of sidewalk on each side of College Highway and would introduce
a cost savings to the project which could be applied to other safety improvements recommended in
this report. It should be noted that this would require the installation of a mid-block crosswalk, which
would in turn require the installation of advance warning signs alerting approaching drivers.
Provide six foot shoulders along College Highway. Minimum four foot shoulders are recommended
in MassDOT’s 2006 Project Development and Design Guide for all arterials for the benefit they
provide for bicycle and pedestrian safety, and for motor vehicle safety. It was suggested by audit
participants that six foot shoulders should be used along College Highway to provide additional width
to accommodate passing of turning vehicles. Six foot shoulders should be constructed on the portion
of the reconstruction project north of Southwick Hill Drive, where no two way left turn lane is
provided. This is a mid-term, medium cost improvement when considered in conjunction with
planned improvements.
Conduct a speed limit study along College Highway. It was suggested by audit participants that
speed regulations along College Highway are inconsistent and not practical given current land uses.
It is recommended that the MassDOT Highway Division study land use, roadway characteristics and
speed along College Highway in Southwick and re-establish speed regulations accordingly. This is a
mid-term, low cost improvement that could be completed independent of planned corridor
improvements.
Summary of Road Safety Audit
Table 3 summarizes potential recommendations discussed by the audit team. The recommendations are
grouped by location and then categorized based on the potential safety payoff, as well as by time frame
and cost. The safety payoff is a qualitative judgment of the effectiveness of the potential safety
improvements. The cost and time frame of many improvements is considered relative to inclusion in
already planned improvements.
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Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Safety Issue
Safety Enhancement
Safety Payoff
College Highway/Feeding Hills Road
Provide exclusive left turn phase and far
Left turn lane phasing/signal visibility
High
side signal head with arrow indications.
Pedestrian Accommodations
Install sidewalks
High
Install crosswalks and provide exclusive
Pedestrian Accommodations
High
pedestrian phase
Feeding Hills Road lane
Widen Feeding Hills Road at College
Medium
configuration
Highway to provide 2 defined lanes
Accommodation of Truck Turns
Eliminate islands at intersection.
Medium
Install overhead lights on existing utility
Lighting
Medium
poles.
Visibility of Street Name Signs
Install Advance Street Name signs.
Medium
Install 12 inch signal heads with
Traffic Signal visibility
Medium
backplates.
Visibility of Street Name Signs
Relocate street name signs.
Low
Intersection visibility
Install Signal Ahead warning signs.
Low
Investigate curb cut permits.
Mobil Driveways
Low
(It is assumed that this would be done by
MassDOT Highway Division District 2)
Work with Mobil property owner to improve
driveway traffic control with signs and
markings.
Low
Mobil Driveways
(It is assumed that this would be done by
the Town in conjunction with MassDOT
Highway Division District 2)
Access Management/Traffic Control
Access Management/Traffic Control
College Highway/Southwick Hill Drive
Extend proposed 2-way left turn lane to
Medium
Roma Restaurant driveway.
Perform intersection study and traffic
Medium
signal warrants.
Time Frame
Cost
Mid-term
$5,000
Mid-term
$100,000
Mid-term
$20,000
Mid-term
$5,000
Short-term
$3,000
Mid-term
$50,000
Short-term
$800
Short-term
$15,000
Short-term
Short-term
$500
$400
Short-term
$2,000
Short-term
TBD
Mid-term
$10,000
Short-term
$10,000
Page 13
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Safety Issue
Access Management/Traffic Control
Access Management
Left turn lane phasing
Corner Radii
Lighting
Left turn accommodation
Left turn accommodation
Speed limit inconsistency
Pedestrian Accommodations
Safety Enhancement
Conduct an in-depth sight distance study.
Investigate curb cut permits.
(It is assumed that this would be done by
MassDOT Highway Division District 2)
Safety Payoff
Medium
Time Frame
Short-term
Cost
$10,000
Low
Short-term
$2,000
Mid-term
$5,000
Short-term
$25,000
Medium
Mid-term
$50,000
Medium
Short-term
TBD
Medium
Mid-term
$50,000
Low
Mid-term
TBD
N/A
Mid-term
TBD
College Highway/Depot Street/Granville Road
Provide exclusive left turn phase with
High
arrow indications.
Increase corner radii on southwest,
Medium
northwest and northeast corners
(Cost assumes no ROW impacts)
College Highway
Install overhead lights on existing utility
poles.
Explore feasibility of left turn lane at Coes
Hill Road and the Southwick Post Office.
Provide 6 foot shoulder along College
Highway north of Southwick Hill Drive
Conduct speed limit study along College
Highway.
Modify limits of new sidewalk planned as
part of proposed reconstruction project.
Page 14
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix A. RSA Meeting Agenda
Road Safety Audit
Southwick – College Highway
Feeding Hills Road to Depot Street/Granville Road
Meeting Location: Southwick Town Hall, Conference Room 2
454 College Highway, Southwick
Monday, November 2, 2009
10:30 AM – 12:30 PM
Type of meeting:
Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) – Road Safety Audit
Attendees:
Invited Participants to Comprise a Multidisciplinary Team
Please bring:
Thoughts and Enthusiasm!!
10:30 AM
Welcome and Introductions to Road Safety Audits and HSIP
10:45 AM
Review of Site Specific Material
• Crash Summary and other data – provided in advance
• Discussion on existing issues
11:15 AM
Field Visit and View of Site
• Field visit to intersection of College Highway/Feeding Hills Rd to discuss and
view specific issues
• View other sections of project, as needed, to discuss existing issues
12:00 noon
Completion of RSA
• Identification of Safety Concerns – using RSA Prompt List as a guide
• Identification of Possible Countermeasures
12:30 PM
Adjourn for the Day – but the RSA has not ended
Instructions for Participants:
• Before attending the RSA on November 2nd participants are encouraged to drive
College Highway between Feeding Hills Road and Depot Street/Granville Road and
complete/consider elements on the RSA Prompt List with a focus on safety factors.
• Come prepared with appropriate gear (weather protection, safety vests, etc.) to
conduct a field visit.
• All participants will be actively involved in the process throughout. Participants
are encouraged to come with thoughts and ideas, but are reminded that the
synergy that develops and respect for others’ opinions are key elements to the
success of the overall RSA process.
• After the initial RSA meeting, participants will be asked to comment and respond
to the document materials to assure it is reflective of the RSA completed by the
multidisciplinary team.
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix B. RSA Audit Team Contact List
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix C. Detailed Crash Data
Crash Summary for College Highway (Rte 202/10) and Feeding Hills Road Intersection, Southwick MA
Crash
Number
Crash Day
Crash Date
Time of Day
February 8, 2006
Manner of Collision
Light Condition
Weather Condition
Road Surface
Driver Contributing Code
Driver Ages
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No improper driving
91, 44
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No improper driving
56, 35
4:05 PM Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Failed to yield ROW
55, 36
5:47 PM Head on
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
51, 19
Single vehicle crash
Rear-end
Angle
Rear-end
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Clear
Clear
Clear
Dry
Dry
Dry
Dry
Inattention
Failure to keep in proper lane or
running off road
No improper driving
Failed to yield ROW
Inattention
36
60, 22
51, 51
71, 37
5:43 PM Rear-end
Sideswipe, opposite
5:51 PM direction
5:40 AM Rear-end
7:20 PM Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
52, 27
Dusk
Dark - lighted roadway
Dark - lighted roadway
Rain
Clear
Clear
Wet
Dry
Dry
No improper driving
Inattention
Inattention
20, 59
21, 24
23, 23
5:40 AM Angle
7:34 PM Rear-end
Dark -lighted roadway
Dark - lighted roadway
Sleet, hail, freezing rain Ice
Clear
Wet
Failed to yield ROW
Followed too closely
20, 60
38, 64
Clear
Cloudy, Rain
Clear
Clear
Cloudy, Rain
Dry
Wet
Dry
Dry
Wet
Followed too closely
No improper driving
No improper driving
No improper driving
Failed to yield ROW
23, 38
72, 18
50, 69
38, 40
43, 62
Cloudy, Rain
Wet
Failed to yield ROW
25, 22
7:02 PM Rear-end
Dark - lighted roadway
Dark - unknown
roadway lighting
Clear
Dry
58, 22
6:09 PM Rear-end
7:18 PM Single vehicle crash
Dusk
Dark - lighted roadway
Cloudy
Snow
Wet
Snow
Inattention
Operating vehicle in erratic,
recKless, careless, negligent or
aggressive manner
Other improper action
20, 48
17
8:57 PM Angle
5:53 AM Angle
Dark - lighted roadway
Dawn
Clear
Clear
Wet
Dry
Inattention
Failed to yield ROW
65, 66
79, 40
9:03 PM Rear-end
Dark - lighted roadway
Rain
Wet
Followed too closely
30, 20
1
Wednesday
2
Friday
3
Monday
4
Wednesday
May 3, 2006
5
6
7
8
Monday
Friday
Wednesday
Wednesday
June 5, 2006
June 30, 2006
August 30, 2006
September 27, 2006
9
Monday
October 2, 2006
10
11
12
Tuesday
Tuesday
Friday
October 17, 2006
October 31, 2006
September 28, 2007
13
14
Monday
Monday
December 3, 2007
January 7, 2008
15
16
17
18
19
Wednesday
Saturday
Wednesday
Friday
Wednesday
June 11, 2008
June 14, 2008
July 2, 2008
July 25, 2008
August 6, 2008
5:53 PM
3:13 PM
6:17 PM
6:27 PM
6:02 AM
20
Thursday
August 7, 2008
8:30 PM Angle
21
Friday
22
23
Friday
Saturday
November 14, 2008
January 10, 2009
24
25
Saturday
Thursday
February 7, 2009
March 12, 2009
26
Tuesday
February 17, 2006
April 10, 2006
October 17, 2008
May 5, 2009
2:00 PM Angle
10:55 AM Rear-end
1:57 PM
4:14 PM
7:29 AM
11:31 AM
Rear-end
Daylight
Rear-end
Daylight
Rear-end
Daylight
Sideswipe, same direction Daylight
Angle
Daylight
Comments
Rear end caused by failure to use caution
while stopping or starting
Left-turning vehicle struck vehicle going
straight ahead
Left-turning vehicle struck vehicle going
straight ahead
Vehicle missed turn and drove into sign
post on an island
Following to closely - possibly Mobil related
Vehicle exiting Mobil was hit
Rear-end due to vehicle following too
closely - Mobil related
Hydroplaning caused sideswipe
Rear-end due to inattention - Mobil related
Vehicle could not exit Mobil parking lot in
time due to snow/ice on roadway
Vehicle slowing to turn into Mobil was rear
ended
Followed too closely and rear-ended
Inattention contributed to a rear end accident
Light was turning to red and vehicle failed to
yield ROW
Vehicle slid on pavement covered with snow
Sudden stop followed by rear-end - possibly
Mobil related
Potentially seven crashes were related to the Mobil gas station on the corner of the intersection (crash numbers 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 26)
Summary
26
Total Crashes
Manner of Collision
Angle
8
30.8%
Rear-End
13
50.0%
Dry
15
57.7%
Wet
9
34.6%
Monday
5
19.2%
Tuesday
3
11.5%
Single vehicle crash
2
7.7%
Road Surface
Ice
1
3.8%
Time of Day
Head On
1
3.8%
Sideswipe, opposite
direction
1
3.8%
Sideswipe, same
direction
1
3.8%
Snow
1
3.8%
Daylight
14
53.8%
Dark-lighted
8
30.8%
6:00am-10:00am
2
7.7%
Lighting
Dusk
2
7.7%
Day of Week
Wednesday
7
26.9%
Thursday
2
7.7%
Friday
6
23.1%
Saturday
3
11.5%
Source: Southwick Police Department Crash Reports for the period of January 1, 2006 through July 31, 2009
Sunday
0
0.0%
10:00am-2:00pm
4
15.4%
2:00pm-6:00pm
7
26.9%
Dawn
1
3.8%
Dark - unknown roadway lighting
1
3.8%
6:00pm-10:00pm
10
38.5%
10:00pm-2:00am
0
0.0%
2:00am-6:00am
3
11.5%
Crash Summary for College Highway (Rte 202 / 10) and Granville Road (Rte 57) / Depot Street Intersection, Southwick, MA
Crash
Number Crash Day
Weather Condition
Road Surface
Driver Contributing Code
Driver Ages
Comments
1
Saturday
Crash Date
2/25/2006
Time of Day
8:55 PM Sideswipe, same direction Dark - lighted roadway
Manner of Collision
Light Condition
Cloudy
Wet
Other improper action
26, 24
Driver did not see vehicle behind her
2
Friday
3/17/2006
8:33 AM Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Inattention
20, 49
Rear-end at a red light
3
Wednesday
4/5/2006
12:12 PM Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
No improper driving
20, 21
4
Tuesday
7/4/2006
Dark - lighted roadway
Fog, Smog, Smoke
Dry
Failed to yield ROW
18, 17
5
Friday
6
Wednesday
10/18/2006
7
8
Thursday
Wednesday
11/9/2006
1/10/2007
9
10
Friday
Saturday
6/1/2007
9/8/2007
11
12
13
Wednesday
Tuesday
Tuesday
9/19/2007
10/9/2007
10/16/2007
14
Tuesday
12/18/2007
15
Wednesday
16
Friday
17
18
Friday
Saturday
2/22/2008
6/14/2008
19
Tuesday
20
21
Daylight
Cloudy
Wet
Exceeded authorized speed limit
16, 52
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Other improper action
51
9:30 AM Head on
5:55 PM Head on
Daylight
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Clear
Dry
Dry
Failed to yield ROW
Failed to yield ROW
41, 38
59, 17
Rear-end at a yellow/red light.
Vehicle did not stop in time and rear
ended another
Vehicle exceeded speed limit and didn’t
stop in time
Tight turn for truck caused the truck to
hit traffic light pole
Vehicle hit and run one vehicle and then
hit another right after
Left turning vehicle failed to yild ROW
6:00 PM Unknown
9:30 PM Rear-end
Daylight
Dark - lighted roadway
Clear
Rain
Dry
Wet
18, 55
52, 19
Vehicle slid on wet pavement
Dark - lighted roadway
Daylight
Daylight
Clear
Cloudy
Clear
Dry
Dry
Dry
Other improper action
Followed too closely
Operating vehicle in erratic,
reckless, careless, negligent or
aggressive manner
No improper driving
No improper driving
1:14 PM Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Wet
12/19/2007
4:45 PM Rear-end
Dusk
Clear
Dry
1/4/2008
10:50 AM Rear-end
Daylight
Clear
Dry
2:49 PM Single vehicle crash
1:18 PM Head on
Daylight
Daylight
Snow
Clear
Snow
Dry
6/24/2008
1:45 PM Angle
Daylight
Clear
Dry
Wednesday
10/1/2008
4:27 AM Single vehicle crash
Dark - lighted roadway
Rain
Wet
Monday
7/20/2009
Clear
Dry
8/25/2006
9:42 PM Angle
5:47 AM Angle
12:07 PM Single vehicle crash
11:46 PM Single vehicle crash
3:00 PM Rear-end
2:21 PM Rear-end
12:06 PM Sideswipe, same direction Daylight
22
49, 80
33, 17
Drunk driver driving too fast lost control
Inattention
Operating vehicle in erratic,
reckless, careless, negligent or
aggressive manner
Operating vehicle in erratic,
reckless, careless, negligent or
aggressive manner
24, 18
Inattention caused a
rear-end
80
Rear end accident with one of the
drivers driving off the scene
62, 51
Rear end accident with one of the
drivers driving off the scene
Other improper action
Failed to yield ROW
Disregarded traffic signs, signals
and road markings
Swerving or avoiding due to wind,
slippery surface, vehicle, object,
non-motorist in roadway, etc….
Failure to keep in proper lane or
running off road
19
20, 56
20, 40
53
57
Vehicle ran a red light and collided with
another one
A deer jumped into vehicle path
Actually a single vehicle crash - truck
tight turn and struck traffic light pole
Twleve out of 21 crashes involved a young driver (driver beween the ages of 15-20)
Summary
21
Total Crashes
Angle
3
14.3%
Rear-End
8
38.1%
Dry
15
71.4%
Road Surface
Wet
5
23.8%
Monday
1
4.8%
Tuesday
5
23.8%
Head On
3
14.3%
Manner of Collision
Single Vehicle
Crash
Sideswipe, same direction
4
2
19.0%
9.5%
Snow
1
4.8%
Daylight
14
66.7%
Wednesday
6
28.6%
Thursday
1
4.8%
Lighting
Dark-lighted
6
28.6%
Day of Week
Friday
5
23.8%
Time of Day
Unknown
1
4.8%
6:00am-10:00am
2
9.5%
Dusk
1
4.8%
Saturday
3
14.3%
Source: Southwick Police Department Crash Reports for the period of January 1, 2006 through July 31, 2009
Sunday
0
0.0%
10:00am-2:00pm
7
33.3%
2:00pm-6:00pm
6
28.6%
6:00pm-10:00pm
3
14.3%
10:00pm-2:00am
1
4.8%
2:00am-6:00am
2
9.5%
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
604154 SOUTHWICK 10/202
ACCIDENT SUMMARY
TANNERY RD TO FEEDINGS HILLS RD
DATA RANGE 1/1/2006 - 10/1/2009
DATE
DAY
TIME
EDPO
9/2/2009
Wednesday 11:53 AM
1
8/9/2009
Sunday
2:24 AM
1
8/8/2009
Saturday
11:02 PM
1
6/9/2009
Tuesday
10:29 AM
1,5
3/25/2009 Wednesday 11:43 AM
1,5
1/28/2009 Wednesday 5:40 PM
1
12/31/2008 Wednesday 10:18 AM
1
11/30/2008
Sunday
10:52 AM
1,5
9/29/2008
Monday
7:33 AM
1
9/27/2008
Saturday
10:19 AM
1
9/11/2008
Thrusday
1:51 PM
1,5
8/23/2008
Saturday
11:39 AM
1
6/13/2008
Friday
8:04 AM
1,5
5/1/2008
Thrusday
2:59 PM
1,5
12/11/2007
Tuesday
4:36 PM
1
11/20/2007
Tuesday
2:44 PM
1,5
10/25/2007
Thrusday
8:40 AM
1,5
8/10/2007
Friday
12:38 PM
1,5
7/27/2007
Friday
10:07 AM
1
5/21/2007
Monday
5:40 PM
1
5/16/2007 Wednesday 3:36 PM
1,5
10/27/2006
Friday
12:06 PM
1
10/25/2006 Wednesday 2:57 PM
1
10/24/2006
Tuesday
10:47 AM
1,5
10/24/2006
Tuesday
10:22 AM
1
10/5/2006
Friday
7:58 AM
1
9/12/2006
Tuesday
1:42 PM
1
8/12/2006
Saturday
12:46 PM
1,5
8/9/2006
Wednesday 7:36 PM
1
7/27/2006
Thrusday
4:00 PM
1
6/16/2006
Friday
5:25 PM
1
4/21/2006
Friday
8:50 AM
1
4/21/2006
Friday
8:11 AM
1
4/19/2006 Wednesday 9:10 AM
1,5
4/14/2006
Friday
12:37 PM
1
4/6/2006
Thrusday
4:26 PM
1
3/14/2006
Tuesday
5:41 PM
1,5
1/4/2006
Wednesday 5:11 PM
1
R/S
1
1
1
2
1
3
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
R/C
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
EDPO = Estimated Property Damage Only: 1 = Property Damage Only ; 5 = Personal
Injury ;
R/S = Road Surface: 1 = Dry ; 2 = Wet ; 3 = Snowy ; 4 = Icy ; 5 = Unknown
R/C = Road Conditions: 1 = No Defects ; 2 = Holes, Ruts, Bumps ; 3 = Foreign Matter
on Surface ;
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
604154 SOUTHWICK 10/202
ACCIDENT SUMMARY
FEEDING HILLS RD INT. TO SOUTHWICK HILL RD.
DATA RANGE 1/1/2006 - 10/20/2009
DATE
DAY
TIME
EDPO
R/S
5/16/2006
Tuesday
3:58 PM
1
2
5/21/2006
Sunday
12:57 PM
1,5
1
5/25/2006
Thrusday 11:47 AM
1
1
5/26/2006
Friday
1:01 PM
1
1
6/9/2006
Friday
7:00 PM
1
1
7/24/2006
Monday
4:23 PM
1,5
1
8/22/2006
Tuesday
4:04 PM
1,5
1
9/3/2006
Sunday
12:58 PM
1
2
9/30/2006
Saturday 10:49 AM
1,5
1
8/11/2007
Saturday 11:18 AM
1,5
1
9/19/2007 Wednesday 2:45 PM
1
1
11/17/2007
Saturday 12:30 PM
1
1
2/29/2008
Friday
1:12 PM
1
1
3/19/2008
Tuesday
7:29 PM
1
2
5/28/2008 Wednesday 5:08 PM
1
1
8/24/2008
Sunday
5:28 PM
1
1
11/6/2008
Thrusday
4:20 PM
1,5
2
4/4/2009
Saturday
7:54 PM
1
1
5/7/2009
Thrusday
8:23 AM
1
2
5/16/2009
Saturday 12:01 PM
1
1
5/22/2009
Friday
12:35 PM
1
1
6/10/2009 Wednesday 5:55 PM
1
1
6/26/2009
Friday
4:08 PM
1
2
8/16/2009
Sunday
3:53 PM
1
1
8/22/2009
Saturday
6:21 AM
1
2
12:39 PM
1
1
10/11/2009
Sunday
R/C
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
EDPO = Estimated Property Damage Only: 1 = Property Damage Only ; 5 = Personal
Injury ;
R/S = Road Surface: 1 = Dry ; 2 = Wet ; 3 = Snowy ; 4 = Icy ; 5 = Unknown
R/C = Road Conditions: 1 = No Defects ; 2 = Holes, Ruts, Bumps ; 3 = Foreign Matter
on Surface ;
Road Safety Audit—College Highway – Feeding Hills Rd to Depot St/Granville Rd—Southwick, MA
Prepared by BETA Group, Inc.
Appendix D. Speed Regulations