ROAD SAFETY AUDIT
Springfield Street (Route 147) at Walnut Street &
Suffield Street (Route 75)/ Main Street (Route 159)
Town of Agawam
February 2016
Prepared For:
MassDOT
Prepared By: McMahon Associates, Inc. 300 Myles Standish Blvd. Suite 201 Taunton, MA 02780 Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
Prepared by McMahon Associates, Inc.
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Table of Contents Background ................................................................................................................................... 1 Project Data ................................................................................................................................... 1 Project Location and Description.................................................................................................. 3 Road Safety Audit Observations and Potential Improvements..................................................... 5 Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 18 List of Appendices
Appendix A.
Appendix B.
Appendix C.
Appendix D.
RSA Meeting Agenda
RSA Audit Team Contact List
Detailed Crash Data
Additional Information
List of Figures
Figure 1: Location Map ................................................................................................................ 2
List of Tables
Table 1. Participating Audit Team Members ............................................................................ 3
Table 2. Estimated Time Frame and Costs Breakdown .......................................................... 18
Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary .................................................................. 19
Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
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Background
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) defines a Road Safety Audit (RSA) as the formal safety
examination of an existing or future road or intersection by an independent, multidisciplinary team. The
purpose of an RSA is to identify potential safety issues and possible opportunities for safety
improvements considering all roadway users. This RSA evaluates the following intersections on Route
147 in Agawam, MA, as shown in Figure 1:


Springfield Street (Route 147) at Walnut Street
Springfield Street (Route 147) at Suffield Street (Route 75) and Main Street (Route 159)
A safety audit was scheduled for these intersections at the request of MassDOT. The intersections of
Springfield Street at Walnut Street and Suffield Street/Main Street were identified as Highway Safety
Improvement Program (HSIP) high-crash intersections from 2010-2012. There is also an existing
MassDOT Project (#605384 Agawam-West Springfield Bridge Replacement, A-05-002=W-21-014,
Route 147 over the Westfield River) that includes intersection and signal improvements for these
intersections, as well as the Memorial Avenue/River Street intersection in West Springfield. While the
intersection of Memorial Avenue and River Street was not discussed in detail during the RSA, safety
improvements at the intersection are anticipated to be evaluated and incorporated in any future design
projects.
A key objective of the RSA is to identify both short-term and long-term safety improvements that can be
made at the subject intersections.
Project Data
A Road Safety Audit was completed for the intersections of Springfield Street (Route 147) at Walnut
Street and Suffield Street (Route 75)/Main Street (Route 159) in the Town of Agawam on January 8,
2016. The agenda for the RSA meeting, held in the Public Works Municipal Annex, is provided in
Appendix A of this report. As shown below in Table 1, the audit team consisted of a multidisciplinary
team with representatives from state, regional and local agencies providing expertise in the engineering,
planning, and maintenance fields. Contact information for the RSA attendees is provided in Appendix B
of this report.
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Table 1. Participating Audit Team Members
Audit Team Member
Agency/Affiliation
John Mastera
MassDOT Highway Safety
Rebecca Hansen
McMahon Associates
Emma Katz
McMahon Associates
Phil Viveiros
McMahon Associates
Michelle Chase
Town of Agawam DPW
Khyati Parmar
Pioneer Valley Planning Commission
Jeff Hoynoski
MassDOT District 2
Anna Nadler
MassDOT District 2
Daryl Amaral
MassDOT District 2
Marc Strange
Town of Agawam Planning & Community Development
Michael Albro
Town of Agawam DPW
Ashley Bomely
Alfred Benesch & Company
Daniel McCormack
Alfred Benesch & Company
Laura Hanson
MassDOT District 2
Ethan Minott
MassDOT District 2
Adam Prichard
MassDOT Highway Safety
Gary Roux
Pioneer Valley Planning Commission
Vladimir Caceres
Town of Agawam DPW
Jim Czach
Town of West Springfield DPW
Luke Hayes
MassDOT District 2 Traffic
Roland Barbeito
Town of Agawam DPW
Anthony Grasso
Town of Agawam Police
Alan Sirois
Town of Agawam Fire Department
Within the email invitation sent on December 16, 2015 to each participant in the RSA, background
material was provided. This information included collision diagrams and crash data summaries. During
the RSA meeting, these materials were reviewed as a group before the team discussed potential safety
issues and solutions for the intersection.
Project Location and Description
Study Area Roadways
As shown in Figure 1, Springfield Street (Route 147) is a two-lane, two-way roadway that runs in an eastwest direction in the vicinity of the study area. The posted speed limit sign for vehicles traveling along
Springfield Street towards the study area intersections is 25 miles per hour. Springfield Street is
classified as a rural minor arterial under Town of Agawam jurisdiction. Within the vicinity of the Walnut
Street, Springfield Street has a designated left turn lane for both eastbound and westbound vehicles and a
channelized right turn lane under yield control for westbound vehicles turning onto Walnut Street. At the
intersection of Springfield Street with Suffield Street and Main Street, Springfield Street provides an
exclusive left turn lane for vehicles traveling in the eastbound direction towards Suffield Street. There is
currently an existing sidewalk provided on the south side of Springfield Street. RSA participants from the
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Town of Agawam stated that Springfield Street is utilized by cyclists, but there are no current bicycle
facilities within the study area.
Walnut Street and Walnut Street Extension are both two-lane, two way roadways that extend in a northsouth direction near their signalized intersection with Springfield Street. Walnut Street is classified as a
rural major collector and Walnut Street Extension is classified as a local road, both under Town of
Agawam jurisdiction. Both Walnut Street and Walnut Street Extension provide exclusive left turn lanes
at their intersection with Springfield Street. A sidewalk is provided on the west side of Walnut Street and
the east side of Walnut Street Extension.
To the south of its intersection with Springfield Street, Suffield Street (Route 75) is a two-lane, two way
roadway classified as a rural major collector under Town of Agawam jurisdiction. North of Springfield
Street, Suffield Street (Route 147) is a four-lane, two way roadway classified as a rural minor arterial
under MassDOT jurisdiction. The Route 147 portion of Suffield Street consists of a 4-lane bridge that
crosses the Westfield River and connects the Town of Agawam to the Town of West Springfield. The
southbound approach to the signalized intersection of Suffield Street and West Springfield has a
channelized right turn lane, under yield control, for vehicles turning onto Springfield Street. South of the
intersection, a sidewalk is provided to the east of Suffield Street, and north of the intersection a sidewalk
is provided on both the east and west sides of the bridge.
Main Street (Route 159) is a two-lane, two way roadway extending in a general east-west direction in the
vicinity of its intersection with Springfield Street and Suffield Street. Main Street is classified as a rural
major collector under MassDOT jurisdiction. At its intersection with Suffield Street, Main Street
provides an exclusive left turn lane in the westbound direction and a free-flowing channelized right turn
lane for westbound vehicles turning right onto Suffield Street, traveling across the Westfield River. A
buffered sidewalk is provided along the south side of Main Street near the intersection with Suffield
Street and Springfield Street.
Study Area Intersections
The intersection of Springfield Street and Walnut Street is a four-legged intersection under signal control.
The eastbound approach consists of one right turn and through lane and an exclusive left-turn lane for
vehicles traveling north onto Walnut Street. The westbound approach consists of one through lane, one
exclusive left-turn lane and one channelized right turn lane. The westbound channelized right turn lane is
approximately 20-feet wide with a yield sign located on the right side of Walnut Street past the
intersection. The eastbound and westbound exclusive left turn lanes are both 10 feet wide with a left turn
arrow signal provided for the westbound approach. The northbound and southbound approaches both
consist of one right turn and through lane and one exclusive left turn lane, each measuring 10 feet wide.
There are pedestrian crosswalks along the eastbound and northbound approaches with curb ramps
provided at the northwest, southwest, and southeast corners of the intersection.
The intersection of Springfield Street at Suffield Street and Main Street is also a four-legged intersection
under signal control. The eastbound approach consists of one right turn and through lane and an
exclusive left-turn lane for vehicles traveling north onto Suffield Street. The westbound approach
consists of one through lane, one exclusive left-turn lane and one channelized right turn lane. The
westbound channelized right turn lane is approximately 19-feet wide and operates under free flow
conditions. The eastbound and westbound exclusive left turn lanes are both 10 feet wide with a left turn
arrow signal provided for the eastbound approach. The northbound approach consists of one lane without
any turn restrictions. The southbound approach is comprised of a left turn and through lane and a
channelized right turn lane, under yield control, measuring approximately 20-feet wide. There are
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pedestrian crosswalks along each of the intersection approaches and across the two channelized right turn
lanes. Curb ramps are provided at each corner of the intersection.
Crash Data
Crash data was received for the three years between 2012 and 2014 from the Agawam Police Department.
Based on this data, there were a total of 66 crashes reported at the intersections of Springfield Street
(Route 147) at Walnut Street and Suffield Street (Route 75)/Main Street (Route 159), as well as along the
Springfield Street (Route 147) corridor between the intersections. Of the crashes that occurred, 37 (55%)
were angle collisions, including 15 crashes involving the collision of vehicles traveling eastbound on
Route 147 with vehicles traveling in conflicting directions. Additionally, there were 19 rear-end crashes
distributed relatively evenly among each of the intersection approaches for both of the study area
intersections. There were also four single vehicle crashes, four sideswipe collisions, one head on collision,
and one unknown crash between 2012 and 2014. 21 of the 66 total crashes were a result of drivers’
inattention. Of the 66 reported crashes, 18 resulted in personal injury; no fatalities were reported at the
intersections. Novemeber and Decemeber were the months with the highest number of crashes, each with
15% of the total collisions, and 27% of the total crashes occurred on a Friday. Also, 73% of the crashes
occurred during daylight conditions, with 26% of crashes occuring between 4:00 PM and 6:00 PM.
Detailed crash diagrams are provided in Appendix C.
Road Safety Audit Observations and Potential
Improvements
During the RSA meeting, a brief introduction of the RSA process and a summary of the study area and
crash information were presented to the audit participants. Following this brief presentation, the members
of the audit team were asked to discuss the existing issues that may affect safety at the two intersections
along Springfield Street as well as the study area corridor as a whole. A site visit to both intersections
was then conducted, followed by a discussion of potential enhancements and countermeasures addressing
the issues discussed earlier.
Provided below is a list of the safety concerns that were identified during the RSA along with potential
enhancements that address these concerns.
Study Area Corridor
Safety Issue #1: Traffic Control
Observations:
During the RSA meeting, participants
noted that the existing traffic signals at
both intersections are outdated, based on
the standards in the current Manual on
Uniform Traffic Control Devices
(MUTCD). Also, the signals are difficult
to see due to the incandescent bulbs and
missing visors on the signal heads. It was
also specified that there is currently no
traffic preemption equipment at either of
Outdated signal equipment and
ineffective guide sign placement
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the two signals. Audit members stated that there are minimal overhead signals and that the locations of
the existing signal poles within the intersection are susceptible to being struck. It was also discussed that
there are very few supplemental signals between either of the two intersections, which would help assist
driver awareness of the signal phasing when their visibility is blocked by heavy vehicles or the existing
roadway geometry.
RSA participants noted that the current signal timings might be inefficient and that the vehicle detection
equipment may be outdated or inoperative. The audit team also discussed the lack of coordination
between the intersections of Springfield Street at Walnut Street and Suffield Street/Main Street, as well as
the intersection of River Street and Memorial Avenue to the north. It was stated that the lack of
coordination might be causing queue interference between the intersections, increasing driver delay. One
participant noted that Agawam-bound drivers familiar with the area and the signal inefficiency cut
through the intersection by taking a southbound right from Suffield Street onto Springfield Street and then
a westbound left onto Walnut Street Extension to avoid waiting in long queues. It was stated that these
drivers would connect back to Suffield Street from Walnut Street Extension to travel south on Suffield
Street (Route 75).
Another issue noted during the RSA was the number of angle crashes that involved left turning vehicles at
both of the study area intersections. It was discussed that the lack of left turn arrows at some of the
approaches where an exclusive left turn lane is provided is causing queueing and delays for vehicles
waiting to make a permitted left turn. Audit members theorized that driver frustration resulting from the
delay is causing drivers to act carelessly and make unsafe maneuvers. It was also noted that the lagging
left phase provided to left turners is possibly creating a yellow trap condition. In this situation, drivers
taking a permissive left turn on yellow opposite the lagging protected left movement believe that the
opposing through movement will also terminate concurrently with their desired left turn, but opposing
vehicles traveling straight continue through the intersection during the lagging green interval and strike
the turning vehicles.
Intersection operation during special events was also discussed during the RSA. There is currently no
battery backup system in place for the traffic signals, so temporary stop signs mounted to the signal poles
are used to control traffic in the event of a power outage. Agawam Police also noted that during times of
high travel demand, such as during The Big E, they need to manually control the signals to keep traffic
flowing through the intersections.
Aside from observances regarding the study
area signals, audit members also noted the
poor condition of the existing pavement
markings. It was stated that the pavement
making material may not be durable enough
to withstand frequent crossings of people
maneuvering in and out of driveways and
switching lanes.
Worn pavement markings at the intersection of
Springfield at Suffield Street and Main Street
During the site visit, RSA participants noticed
that the existing guide signs were situated in
locations that made it difficult for drivers to
identify the directionality of each roadway. It
was discussed that the lack of advanced
warning could lead to last minute lane
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changes and maneuvers, especially involving drivers unfamiliar with the roadway routes.
Enhancements:
 Replace missing signal visors, and dim or burnt out bulbs to increase driver visibility of
the signals heads.
 Consider adding back plates with yellow reflective borders to signal heads to increase the
visibility of the signals.
 Evaluate existing signal detection and timings to ensure that they are working properly
and efficiently.
 Upgrade intersection signal equipment to meet MUTCD standards.
 Add preemption equipment to provide right of way phasing for emergency vehicles.
 Consider introduction of mast arms for signal head mounting to potentially reduce the
number of signal poles within the intersection and to allow for more signal heads to be
installed in the correct locations.
 Consider adding left turn arrow signals at intersection approaches with exclusive left turn
lanes and evaluate using lead left turn phasing to reduce the number of crashes involving
turning vehicles.
 Evaluate time base coordination of the corridor signals and update current signal phasing
to prevent vehicles from using the corridor as a cut-through due to congestion frustration.
Evaluate including the intersection of River Street and Memorial Avenue in West
Springfield in the coordination plan.
 Consider adding battery backup systems to provide power to signals in the event of an
emergency power outage. If battery systems are not feasible, identify locations of
temporary stop signs that can be used in a power outage situation.
 Evaluate police accommodations for special events such as the Big E to increase safety of
officers while they are controlling traffic.
 Restripe lane markings to replace the existing fading pavement markings. Consider
material that is more durable than existing conditions and/or the use of recessed
pavement markings.
 Relocate guide signs to positions with better visibility so that drivers unfamiliar with the
area are able to use them as means of wayfinding. Consider addition of advanced guide
signs so that drivers are able to position
themselves in the correct lane for their
intended path of travel.
Safety Issue #2: Access Management
Observations:
The audit team noted several access management issues
within the study area corridor. Currently, there are four curb
cuts on the north side of Springfield Street to access the
adjacent businesses including the Valero gas station and TD
Bank. RSA participants discussed that the traffic resulting
from vehicles entering and exiting these driveways comes in
conflict with vehicles traveling straight on Springfield Street
and increases the likelihood of crashes along the corridor,
particularly involving vehicles making the southbound right
turn from Suffield Street onto Springfield Street. It was
stated that the vacant property in the northwest corner of the
Multiple curb cuts along north side
of Springfield Street
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intersection of Springfield Street and Suffield Street/Main Street is likely to be filled by a Papa John’s
Pizza restaurant, which will further increase the number of trips along the Springfield Street corridor.
Another conflict discussed during the RSA involved vehicles turning in and out of the Rocky’s Ace
Hardware parking lot along the south side of Springfield Street. Vehicles exiting and entering the lot
need to cross multiple lanes of traffic to end up in the correct lane, which has resulted in multiple angle
crashes as shown in the crash report data between the years of 2012 and 2014. It was discussed that some
of the crashes may be courtesy crashes, where one lane of traffic permits the conflicting left turn
movement but the other lane does not stop and collides with the vehicle turning left. Solar glare was also
identified as a possible issue for the angle crashes.
Site access from Walnut Street for the TD Bank parking lot was also noted as a potential issue during the
RSA. Audit members stated that vehicles exiting the TD Bank parking lot onto Walnut Street may be
coming in conflict with drivers traveling southbound on Walnut Street and may be increasing the queue
length for the southbound left approach at the intersection of Springfield Street and Walnut Street.
There are currently guardrails restricting access to multiple land uses along the corridor, and an audit
participant noted that the end treatments of the guardrails do not meet FHWA guardrail safety standards.
Example of guardrail in front of the Rocky’s Ace Hardware parking lot
Enhancements:
 Consider collaboration between existing and proposed businesses to consolidate the
number of curb cuts along Springfield Street.  Evaluate new proposals for site access along study area roadways to potentially reduce
the number of curb cuts along Springfield Street.  Evaluate existing circulation at TD Bank and consider changing the driveway on Walnut
Street to entrance only. An RSA participant noted that changing this TD Bank driveway
to entrance only would force drivers to exit onto Springfield Street and drivers traveling
eastbound would have to cross multiple lanes of traffic.  Evaluate the introduction of a center median on Springfield Street between the two study
area intersections and/or restrict the access of the business to right–in, right-out to reduce
the number of crashes that occur as a result of people turning into and out of the
driveways.  Update guardrail end treatments to meet current standards. Page 8
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Safety Issue #3: Pedestrian and Bicycle Accommodations
Observations:
Similar to the outdated traffic signals, audit participants discussed the outdated pedestrian signals and a
lack of visibility of the pedestrian signal heads at both study area intersections. It was also noted that
some of the sidewalks along the corridor and wheelchair ramps within the intersections are either not
compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) or are missing. While visiting the site, audit
members discovered that there is no sidewalk provided on the north side of Springfield Street and
pedestrians traveling on that side of the roadway are forced to walk within the businesses’ parking lots.
After review of the crash data, participants noted that
there were multiple crashes involving vehicles and
pedestrians crossing the roadways in the vicinity of the
signalized intersections. It was discussed that there are
currently no midblock crossings within the audit study
area even where there is a high pedestrian demand.
Three locations in particular were identified as areas of
high pedestrian activity; including Suffield Street
between the Rocky’s and the Agawam Motor Lodge,
Springfield Street between Rocky’s and Valero/TD Bank
and Walnut Street at the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority
(PVTA) Route 14 bus stops.
Audit participants also stated that Springfield Street and
Suffield Street are roadways with high bicycle activity
and there are currently no separate bicycle facilities,
forcing cyclists to ride with traffic or along the narrow
shoulder. Representatives from the Town of Agawam
and the Town of West Springfield mentioned proposed
future plans for a bicycle network along Suffield Street;
Outdated pedestrian signals with poor
however, there are currently no facilities in place within
visibility and temporary stop signs
the corridor to connect the two pathways. It was
indicated that the Town of West Springfield currently has the Memorial Avenue corridor under design as
a Complete Streets project which includes bicycle accommodations. The Memorial Avenue and bridge
projects will intersect and, therefore, the bridge is a critical bicycle link between the communities and for
the region. In addition, representatives from Agawam indicated that the only other bike and pedestrian
connection between the two cities is over a bridge in north Agawam, which has an at-grade rail crossing
and is less convenient for bicyclists.
Enhancements:
 Upgrade pedestrian signal equipment to meet current MUTCD standards. Introduce
accessible pedestrian signals and countdown signal indicators.
 Evaluate introduction of ADA-compliant wheelchair ramps to all intersection approaches
to improve accessibility for pedestrians at each designated crossing.  Consider adding a sidewalk to the north side of Springfield Street to provide a facility for
pedestrians traveling on that side of the roadway.
 Evaluate the introduction of rectangular rapid flash beacons (RRFB) at midblock
crossings where there is high pedestrian activity and a history of vehicle and pedestrian
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 Evaluate adding bicycle facilities along Springfield Street and Suffield Street to provide a
facility for the current cyclist demand and to reduce the conflict between cyclists and
vehicles. Safety Issue #4: Drainage
Observations:
The audit team also discussed drainage issues
along the study area corridor. While on the site
visit, RSA participants noticed puddling at the low
points along Springfield Street which were
attributed to roadway grading and potentially poor
maintenance of existing drainage structures. It was
also noted that runoff from the Rocky’s parking lot
is contributing to the drainage issues along
Springfield Street due to poor grading of the
parking facility. The Rocky’s parking lot does
currently have onsite drainage structures; however,
they are underutilized due to the grading which is
directing water into the roadway.
Enhancements:
 Maintain existing catch basins to prevent puddling on roadway.
 Evaluate current roadway drainage and parking lot grading to improve
drainage along the corridor.  Replace existing drainage grates
with bicycle-friendly grates. Puddling along Springfield Street in front of the
Rocky’s Ace Hardware parking lot
Springfield Street at Suffield Street and Main Street
Safety Issue #1: Traffic Control
Yield control for the channelized southbound right turn at the
intersection of Springfield Street and Suffield Street
Observations:
Along with the corridor wide traffic
control issues, there were also several
issues noted specific to the
intersection of Springfield Street at
Suffield Street and Main Street. One
particular topic of discussion during
the RSA was the current signage and
markings for the southbound Suffield
Street approach along the bridge.
The existing approach operates as
one left turn and through lane and
one channelized right turn lane;
however, due to the lack of signage
and directional pavement markings,
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the audit team stated that drivers are unsure of which lane they need to be in for their desired destination.
It was noted that this driver confusion leads to last minute lane changes, particularly involving vehicles
trying to maneuver from the channelized right lane to the left turn and through lane. These lane changes
can lead to vehicle crashes due to driver inattention.
Another issue discussed during the RSA was that drivers traveling southbound and taking a right onto
Springfield Street are approaching the intersection too quickly and not yielding to through traffic on
Springfield Street even though they do not have the right of way. During the site visit, it was noticed that
the yield sign controlling the southbound right turn approach may be positioned too far forward in the
intersection and that vehicles may not be able to see it because of the curve of the channelized approach
or the vegetation in the northwest corner of the intersection. It was noted that the lack of yield line
markings also contributes to driver confusion as to who has the right of way.
While visiting the site, there were several observations made about improper or outdated traffic control
devices. One participant noted that there is a blank sign post that needs to be removed within the
intersection. Another observation was that there is an outdated spotlight hanging from the center of the
traffic signal at the intersection of Springfield Street and Suffield Street to provide lighting for police
controlling the intersection during the Big E. It was also observed that there was a misaligned signal head
in the southwest corner of the intersection that could lead to signal phasing confusion. While on site, the
Town of Agawam DPW was contacted and the signal was realigned to its correct position.
Enhancements:
 Restripe and add lane use signs to the southbound approach to prevent driver confusion
of lane designations and minimize the number of last minute lane changes. Consider
using a more durable pavement marking material on the bridge so that the markings do
not wear as quickly.
 Consider relocating the current yield sign, adding yield markings or an additional yield
sign to the southbound right turn approach to alert vehicles that the wide receiving lane is
yield controlled and not free flowing.
 Evaluate adding a lane to Springfield Street to receive vehicles turning right from the
Suffield Street southbound bridge approach to enable that movement to become free flow
instead of yield controlled.
 Remove blank sign post at the northbound approach to eliminate unnecessary sign clutter.
 Install new lighting or other accommodations to increase the safety of police officers who
are directing traffic during the Big E.
 Misaligned signal head in the southwest corner of the intersection has been fixed.
Safety Issue #2: Roadway Geometry
Observations:
RSA participants noted several roadway geometry issues at the intersection of Springfield Street at
Suffield Street and Main Street. In conjunction with the signing and striping issues along the bridge, the
audit team stated that the lane configuration of the southbound approach is a contributing factor to
intersection crashes and is causing issues with delay and queueing. It was discussed that the lack of a left
turn lane in the southbound direction is restricting the drivers traveling straight on Suffield Street because
they are stuck behind vehicles waiting to take a permitted left onto Main Street. RSA participants noted
that vehicles are more likely to run the red light once the phase has changed out of frustration from being
stuck in a queue, and that could be the cause of accidents between conflicting movements within the
intersection. This may be an underlying factor in four angle crashes involving southbound vehicles
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between 2012 and 2014. It was discussed that the lack of a left turn lane at the northbound approach also
creates similar issues with queueing and delay and that through traffic tries to bypass the left turning
vehicle even though the approach is intended to operate as a single lane.
Another issue with the existing roadway geometry that was discussed is the narrowness of the bridge at
the southbound approach. Given the existing bridge width, there is currently only space for four travel
lanes, two in each direction, and a narrow sidewalk on each side of the roadway. This width limits the
capacity of the southbound approach and prevents the addition of an exclusive southbound left turn lane
as well as improved pedestrian and bicycle facilities. A representative from the Agawam Police
Department also noted that the lack of shoulders on the bridge prohibits officers from safely pulling
vehicles off of the roadway in the event of a traffic violation or breakdown.
The audit team also discussed the narrowness of the westbound channelized right turn and the northbound
Suffield Street receiving lane on the bridge. It was stated that the channelized right turn may be too
narrow for tractor trailer turning maneuvers. Because of the narrowness of the turn lane and the receiving
lane and the lack of pavement markings to clearly delineate lane usage, the westbound right operates
more as a yield approach rather than with the intended free flow conditions. A light pole located in the
northeast corner of the intersection is also susceptible to being struck by large trucks because of the right
turn width and its proximity to the travel lane.
RSA participants also noted that there was some confusion with vehicles utilizing the southbound
channelized right turn approach. The receiving lane on Springfield Street for the southbound right turn is
very wide and it creates the appearance of two lanes, even though the pavement markings indicate that it
is intended to function as one large lane. It was discussed that southbound right vehicles assume that they
have their own receiving lane and do not yield to vehicles traveling westbound on Springfield Street,
creating the potential for angle collisions on Springfield Street or rear-end collisions if turning vehicles
are forced to stop suddenly.
Enhancements:
 Evaluate widening the bridge to provide accommodations for additional and wider travel
lanes, shoulders for disabled vehicles and police enforcement, wider sidewalks, and
bicycle accommodations.
 Consider changing the southbound approach to three lanes entering the intersection,
providing an exclusive left turn lane, through lane, and channelized right turn lane, to
reduce delay and alleviate driver confusion. The addition of another southbound lane can
only be accomplished with the widening of the bridge.
 Evaluate changing the geometry of the southbound right turn lane, such as narrowing the
channelized lane or changing the approach angle to Springfield Street, to slow vehicles
down and increase the safety of pedestrians at the crosswalk.
 Evaluate converting the intersection into a roundabout using the vacant land on the
southeast side of the intersection to reduce the number of crashes and improve the flow of
traffic.
 Evaluate wider shoulders for the westbound right turn to accommodate heavy vehicles
turning onto the bridge.
 Relocate the existing light pole in the northeast corner of the intersection to prevent it
from being struck by turning heavy vehicles.
 Consider adding an additional receiving lane in the westbound direction on Springfield
Street to allow the southbound right movement to operate under free flow conditions.
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
Consider restriping the shoulder for the westbound receiving lane on Springfield Street to
alert southbound right drivers that there is only one receiving lane and that they must
yield to through traffic on Springfield Street.
Safety Issue #3: Traffic Operations
Observations:
During the RSA, it was noted that there is a major issue with congestion throughout the corridor;
however, a particular location where congestion is causing problems is the eastbound left turn where
drivers are traveling along Springfield Street and turning north onto Suffield Street across the Westfield
River bridge. The eastbound left turn currently operates as a lag-left turn phase and participants noted
that the left turn bay frequently stacks into the eastbound through and right lane, preventing the through
traffic from maneuvering around the left turn queue. The blockage of eastbound vehicles traveling
through and right combined with the left turn lag phasing causes unnecessary queuing as the through
traffic is unable to utilize the green time.
Enhancements:
 Consider changing the lag-left phasing for the eastbound approach to lead-left phasing.
Safety Issue #4: Pedestrian and Bicycle Accommodations
Observations:
There were multiple issues regarding pedestrian and bicycle accommodations discussed throughout the
RSA. As noted previously, the narrowness of the bridge limits the cross-sectional width available for
both pedestrian and bicycle facilities along Suffield Street, north of the intersection. It was stated that this
becomes a problem particularly during The Big E
when pedestrian volumes are at their peak, and
pedestrians overflow onto the roadway.
The
vertical curbing on the sidewalk adjacent to travel
lanes on the bridge further narrows the available
space for pedestrians.
There are also currently no bicycle facilities, such as
bike lanes or bike boxes, along Suffield Street. The
Towns of Agawam and West Springfield are
proposing bicycle lanes along Suffield Street to
connect the two communities; however, there is
presently no space on the bridge for any bicycle
facilities. The audit team mentioned that there is
also no usable shoulder on the bridge so cyclists are
forced to either ride with vehicular traffic on that
portion of the roadway or use the sidewalk in
potential conflict with pedestrians.
Another issue discussed during the site visit was the
pedestrian crossing of the channelized right turns at
both the southbound and westbound approaches.
The horizontal geometry, vegetation blockage, lack
of appropriate signage, and dim lighting of the
channelized right turns, particularly in the
Narrow bridge cross section with no bicycle
facilities and inadequate pedestrian facilities
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southbound direction, prevents pedestrian visibility if they are waiting to cross the approach. Because the
channelized right turns are not controlled by the intersection signal, traffic is not as regulated and less
likely to anticipate crossing pedestrians.
Enhancements:
 Evaluate increasing the width of sidewalks on the bridge to provide space for larger
volumes of pedestrians, especially during special events such as the Big E, and to
increase the safety of persons with disabilities.
 Evaluate the addition of bicycle accommodations, such as a bike lane buffered on both
sides, to provide a connection between proposed bicycle lanes along Suffield Street in
Agawam and West Springfield.
 Consider introducing bike boxes to the intersection approaches that are heavily used by
cyclists to provide a place of refuge. In particular, consider adding bike boxes the
northbound and southbound approach so as to tie in with the proposed bicycle facilities
along Suffield Street.
 Evaluate implementing raised crosswalks across the channelized right turn lanes at the
intersection to increase pedestrian visibility and heighten driver awareness to potential
pedestrian crossings.
 Evaluate inclusion of channelized right turns into signal phasing to provide safe crossings
for pedestrians and to control right turn flow at the intersections.
Springfield Street at Walnut Street
Safety Issue #1: Traffic Control
Observations:
The RSA team observed several issues regarding
traffic control at the intersection of Springfield
Street at Walnut Street and Walnut Street
Extension. Similar to the southbound approach of
Suffield Street, the channelized westbound right
turn lane at Springfield Street is also under yield
control. RSA participants noted that the yield sign
at this location is also positioned too far forward
within the intersection to alert drivers that the
approach is not free flowing and that there may be a
potential conflict with northbound vehicles on
Walnut Street.
Another issue discussed at the Springfield Street
and Walnut Street intersection is the speed and
unawareness of drivers traveling southbound on
Walnut Street. The audit team mentioned that due
to the curvature of the roadway, drivers may not be
expecting an intersection and could be traveling at
speeds higher than the 25 mile per hour speed limit
partly due to the declining slope approaching the
intersection. It was noted that this could potentially
cause rear end collisions between southbound
Crest curve at the eastbound approach of
Springfield Street and Walnut Street
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vehicles and vehicles queued up to turn left onto Springfield Street. Currently, there are no advanced
warning signs to alert drivers unfamiliar with the area that they are approaching the intersection of
Springfield Street.
Audit participants noted that there is a similar issue with the eastbound approach of the intersection for
vehicles traveling on Springfield Street. The downgrade of the eastbound approach may cause drivers to
increase their speeds as they are approaching the intersection and potentially cause a collision if drivers
do not have enough stopping sight distance. The presence of speeding at this approach was corroborated
by Agawam police who stated that they regularly perform enforcement at this location. A crest curve
located on the eastbound approach, immediately to the west of the Springfield Street and Walnut Street
intersection, could also limit driver visibility and increase the likelihood of a collision with queued
vehicles or turning vehicles within the intersection.
Enhancements:
 Consider relocating the current yield sign, adding yield markings and/or adding an
additional yield sign to the westbound right turn approach to alert vehicles that the
receiving lane is yield controlled and not free flowing.
 Consider the addition of a supplemental signal at the southeast corner of the intersection
or a signal ahead sign to provide advanced warning of a signalized intersection for
vehicles traveling southbound along Walnut Street.
 Consider radar feedback signs or signal ahead signs at the eastbound approach to warn
drivers that they are approaching a signal and that they should be prepared to stop. Safety Issue #2: Roadway Geometry
Observations:
RSA participants noted a few roadway geometry issues involving the southbound approach of the
Springfield Street and Walnut Street intersection. Audit members familiar with the queueing of the
southbound left approach noted that there was not enough
storage length to meet the demand of vehicles taking a left
turn onto Springfield Street. During the weekday morning
peak hour in particular, as shown in the intersection volume
data, the left turn volumes exceed the available storage
space and block vehicles trying to travel southbound through
or right. One audit member noted that there is a school
located to the east of the study area corridor, which may be
the destination of many of the left turning vehicles. It was
discussed that the southbound queue blockages could lead to
driver frustration and cause vehicles to run through red
lights, thus diminishing the safety of the intersection.
Enhancements:
 Consider removing the cobblestone median
at the southbound approach to provide more
space for the exclusive left turn lane.
Southbound Walnut Street
approach with short left turn lane
and cobblestone median
 Consider lengthening the southbound left
turn lane to meet the queue demands of
vehicles turning left onto Springfield Street. Page 15
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Safety Issue #3: Traffic Operations
Observations:
Presently, there are two bus stop locations on Walnut Street, north of the intersection with Springfield
Street, one on each side of the street. There are no stops along Springfield Street; however, the PVTA
Route 14 runs from Walnut Street, along Springfield Street, and across the Suffield Street bridge to
Memorial Avenue in West Springfield. Audit participants noted that when stopping to pick up or drop off
passengers, the bus has to stop within the roadway and block traffic flow because there is no designated
bus pull off in either direction. There are also no current pedestrian accommodations at either of the stops
and there is no midblock crosswalk or sidewalk on the east side of the roadway for passengers who get off
of the bus.
Another operational issue discussed during the
RSA was that queueing from Springfield Street,
due to the downstream signal at Suffield Street
to the east, blocks the intersection during times
of high volumes such as the weekday morning
and weekday afternoon peak hours. It was
noted that there are currently no means of
enforcement, such as “Do Not Block the Box”
signage or pavement marking, to discourage
drivers from blocking the intersection.
Enhancements:
 Evaluate a northbound bus
pullout on Walnut Street to
remove
buses
from
the
PVTA Route 14 Map
intersection while they are
picking up and dropping off passengers to prevent congestion within the roadway.
 Evaluate current transit locations and pedestrian accommodations and identify potential
additional bus stop locations with the input of the PVTA to reduce the conflict of transit
with traffic and encourage ridership.  Add “Do Not Block the Box” signs and markings and enforce blocking restrictions to
prevent queues from impacting intersection operations.
Safety Issue #4: Pedestrian and Bicycle Accommodations
Observations:
During the RSA, it was stated that there are currently no crosswalks along the southbound or westbound
approaches to the Springfield Street and Walnut Street intersection. While on the site visit, particularly in
relation to egress with the bus stops, it was observed that pedestrians trying to cross these approaches
would still cross the roadway even without a crosswalk or pedestrian signals.
There are also no sidewalks provided on the east side of Walnut Street to the north of the intersection so
pedestrians who get off the bus are forced to cross the roadway midblock without a crosswalk or travel
along the grass or within an adjacent parking lot.
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Enhancements:
 Add crosswalks and curb ramps along each of the intersection approaches.
 Consider adding sidewalks and crosswalks to locations where there are existing transit
stops to provide separate facilities for pedestrians to reach their destinations. Safety Issue #5: Sight Distance
Observations:
An RSA participant noted, with confirmation during the site
visit, that the sight distance for the northbound approach is
restricted by the exisitng signage belonging to an adjacent
property in the southwest corner of the interseciton. It was
stated that this proves to be an issue for vehicles trying to
make a right turn on red onto Springfield Street from
Walnut Street Extension.
Enhancements:
 Evaluate relocation of existing site signage to enable northbound vehicles to see vehicles traveling eastbound.
 Evaluate enforcing a No Turn on Red restriction for the northbound right
approach to prevent vehicles with poor
sight distance from entering the intersection Signage blocking sight distance of northbound
without a green light.
vehicles on Walnut Street Extension
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Recommendations
After discussing the various safety deficiencies within the study area, participants discussed potential
solutions. The audit participants were encouraged to consider both short and long-term improvements for
each of the existing safety issues. Each improvement considered has been categorized as short-term, midterm, or long-term based on the definitions shown in Table 2. Additionally, a cost category has been
assigned to each improvement based on the parameters set forth in Table 2.
Table 2. Estimated Time Frame and Costs Breakdown
Time Frame
Short-Term
<1 Year
Mid-Term
1-3 Years
Long-Term
>3 Years
Costs
Low
Medium
High
<$10,000
$10,001-$50,000
>$50,000
Summary of Road Safety Audit
A summary of the potential recommendations discussed by the RSA audit team are summarized in
Table 3. The recommendations are summarized based on the potential safety payoff, time frame,
approximate cost and responsible agency. The safety payoff is a subjective judgment of the potential
effectiveness of the safety recommendations listed below.
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Table 3. Potential Safety Enhancement Summary
Safety Issue
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Potential Safety Enhancement
Safety
Payoff
Study Area Corridor
Replace missing signal visors, and dim or burnt
Medium
out bulbs
Add back plates to signal heads with yellow
Low
reflective borders
Time Frame
Cost
Responsible
Agency
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Traffic Control
Evaluate existing signal detection and timings
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Traffic Control
Upgrade intersection signal equipment
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Traffic Control
Add preemption equipment
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Traffic Control
Provide mast arms for signal head mounting
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
High
Long-Term
Medium
Town of Agawam
Medium
Mid-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Medium
Long-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Low
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Low
Short-Term
Low
MassDOT
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Add left turn arrow signals at intersection
approaches with exclusive left turn lanes and
evaluate using lead left turn phasing
Evaluate time base coordination of the corridor
signals and update current signal phasing
Add battery backup systems. If battery systems
are not feasible, identify locations of temporary
stop signs
Evaluate police accommodations for special
events
Restripe lane markings with more durable
material and/or recessed pavement markings
Traffic Control
Relocate and add guide signs
Access Management
Consolidate curb cuts along Springfield Street
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Access Management
Evaluate new proposals for improved site
access along study area roadways
Medium
Long-Term
Medium
Town of Agawam
Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
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Safety Issue
Access Management
Access Management
Access Management
Potential Safety Enhancement
Evaluate existing circulation at TD Bank and
consider changing the driveway on Walnut
Street to entrance only
Evaluate the introduction of center median on
Springfield Street between the two study area
intersections and/or restrict the access of the
business to right-in, right-out
Update guardrail end treatments to meet current
standards
Safety
Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
Responsible
Agency
Low
Long-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
High
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Medium
Long-Term
High
MassDOT/Town
of Agawam
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
High
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Add ADA-compliant wheelchair ramps to all
intersection approaches
Add a sidewalk to the north side of Springfield
Street
Add rectangular rapid flash beacons (RRFB) at
midblock crossings
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Evaluate adding bicycle facilities along
Springfield Street and Suffield Street
High
Long-Term
High
Drainage
Maintain existing catch basins
Low
Short-Term
Low
Town of
Agawam/
MassDOT
Town of Agawam
Low
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Low
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Drainage
Drainage
Upgrade pedestrian signal equipment
Evaluate current roadway drainage and parking
lot grading to improve drainage along the
corridor, including using bicycle-friendly grates.
Replace existing drainage grates with bicycle
friendly grates
Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
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Safety Issue
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Traffic Control
Roadway Geometry
Roadway Geometry
Roadway Geometry
Roadway Geometry
Roadway Geometry
Roadway Geometry
Potential Safety Enhancement
Safety
Payoff
Time Frame
Springfield Street at Suffield Street and Main Street
Restripe and add lane use signs to the
southbound approach, using more durable
High
Short-Term
pavement marking materials on the bridge
Relocate the current yield sign, add yield
markings or an additional yield sign to the
Medium
Short-Term
southbound right turn approach
Add a lane to Springfield Street to receive
vehicles turning right from Suffield Street
Medium
Long-Term
southbound bridge approach
Remove blank sign post at the northbound
Low
Short-Term
approach
Install new lighting for police for use during the
Low
Long-Term
Big E
Fix misaligned signal head - Complete
Widen the bridge to provide additional and wider
lanes, wider shoulders, and improved bicycle
and pedestrian accommodations
Change the southbound approach to three
lanes entering the intersection
Evaluate changing the geometry of the
southbound right turn lane, such as narrowing
the channelized lane or changing the approach
angle to Springfield Street
Evaluate converting the intersection into a
roundabout using the vacant land on the
southeast side of the intersection
Evaluate wider shoulders for westbound right
turn
Relocate existing light pole in the northeast
corner of the intersection
Cost
Responsible
Agency
Low
MassDOT
Low
Town of Agawam
High
MassDOT/Town
of Agawam
Low
Town of Agawam
Low
Town of Agawam
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
High
Long-Term
High
MassDOT
High
Long-Term
High
MassDOT
High
Long-Term
High
MassDOT
Medium
Long-Term
High
MassDOT/Town
of Agawam
Medium
Long-Term
High
MassDOT
Low
Short-Term
Medium
Town of Agawam
Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
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Safety Issue
Roadway Geometry
Roadway Geometry
Traffic Operations
Potential Safety Enhancement
Consider adding an additional receiving lane in
the westbound direction on Springfield Street to
allow the southbound right movement to operate
under free flow conditions.
Consider restriping the shoulder for the
westbound receiving lane on Springfield Street
to alert southbound right drivers that there is
only one lane and that they must yield to
through traffic on Springfield Street.
Consider changing the lag-left phasing for the
eastbound approach to lead-left phasing
Safety
Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
Responsible
Agency
High
Long-Term
High
MassDOT
Medium
Short-Term
Low
MassDOT
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Increase the width of sidewalks on the bridge
High
Long-Term
High
MassDOT
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Add bicycle accommodations to the bridge
High
Long-Term
High
MassDOT
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Introduce bike boxes to the intersection
approaches that are heavily used by cyclists
Medium
Long-Term
Medium
MassDOT/Town
of Agawam
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Implement raised crosswalks across the
channelized right turn lanes
Medium
Long-Term
High
MassDOT/Town
of Agawam
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Include channelized right turns into signal
phasing
Medium
Long-Term
High
MassDOT/Town
of Agawam
Springfield Street at Walnut Street
Traffic Control
Relocate the current yield sign, add yield
markings and/or adding an additional yield sign
to the westbound right turn approach
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Traffic Control
Add a supplemental signal at the southeast
corner of the intersection
Medium
Long-Term
Medium
Town of Agawam
Traffic Control
Add radar feedback signs or signal ahead signs
at the eastbound approach
Medium
Short-Term
Medium
Town of Agawam
Roadway Geometry
Remove the cobblestone median at the
southbound approach
Low
Short-Term
Medium
Town of Agawam
Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
Prepared by McMahon Associates, Inc.
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Safety Issue
Potential Safety Enhancement
Safety
Payoff
Time Frame
Cost
Responsible
Agency
Roadway Geometry
Lengthen the southbound left turn lane
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Traffic Operations
Add a northbound bus pullout on Walnut Street
Medium
Long-Term
High
Town of
Agawam/ PVTA
Traffic Operations
Evaluate current transit locations and pedestrian
accommodations and identify potential
additional bus stop locations with the input of
the PVTA
Medium
Long-Term
Medium
Town of
Agawam/ PVTA
Traffic Operations
Add “Do Not Block the Box” signs and markings
and enforce blocking restrictions
Low
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Add crosswalks and curb ramps along each of
the intersection approaches
High
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Pedestrian and Bicycle
Accommodations
Add sidewalks and crosswalks to locations
where there are existing transit stops
High
Long-Term
High
Town of Agawam
Sight Distance
Evaluate relocation of existing site signage
Sight Distance
Evaluate enforcing a No Turn on Red restriction
for the northbound right approach
Low
Short-Term
Medium
Town of
Agawam/
Adjacent
Businesses
Medium
Short-Term
Low
Town of Agawam
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Appendix A. RSA Meeting Agenda Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
Prepared by McMahon Associates, Inc.
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Appendix B. RSA Audit Team Contact List Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
Prepared by McMahon Associates, Inc.
FINAL
Participating Audit Team Members
Date: January 8, 2016 Location: Public Works Municipal Annex, Agawam, MA
Agency/
Audit Team
Email Address
Phone Number
Members
Affiliation
MassDOT Highway
John.Mastera@state.ma.us
857-368-9648
John Mastera
Safety
Rebecca Hansen
McMahon Associates rhansen@mcmahonassociates.com 617-556-0020
Emma Katz
McMahon Associates
ekatz@mcmahonassociates.com
617-556-0020
Phil Viveiros
McMahon Associates
pviveiros@mcmahonassociates.com
617-556-0020
Michelle Chase
mchase@agawam.ma.us
413-821-0625
Khyati Parmar
Town of Agawam
Pioneer Valley
Planning Commission
kparmar@pvpc.org
413-781-6045
Jeff Hoynoski
MassDOT District 2
Jeffrey.Hoynoski@state.ma.us
413-582-0597
Anna Nadler
MassDOT District 2
anna.nadler@dot.state.ma.us
413-582-1531
Daryl Amaral
MassDOT District 2
daryl.amaral@state.ma.us
413-582-0560
Marc Strange
Town of Agawam
mstrange@agawam.ma.us
413-726-9738
Michael Albro
malbro@agawam.ma.us
413-821-0600
abomely@benesch.com
617-288-0900
Daniel McCormack
Town of Agawam
Alfred Benesch &
Company
Alfred Benesch &
Company
dmccormack@benesch.com
617-288-0900
Laura Hanson
MassDOT District 2
Laura.Hanson@state.ma.us
413-582-0589
Ethan Minott
MassDOT District 2
MassDOT Highway
Safety
Pioneer Valley
Planning Comission
ethan.minott@dot.state.ma.us
Ashley Bomely
Adam Prichard
Gary Roux
Vladimir Caceres
Adam.Prichard@dot.state.ma.us
gmroux@pvpc.org
413-781-6045
vcaceres@agawam.ma.us
413-821-0628
jczach@west-springfield.ma.us
413-263-3244
Luke.Hayes@state.ma.us
413-582-1525
Luke Hayes
Town of Agawam
Town of West
Springfield
MassDOT District 2
Traffic
Roland Barbeito
Town of Agawam
rbarbeito@agawam.ma.us
413-821-0600
Anthony Grasso
Town of Agawam
Agrasso@agawam.ma.us
413-786-4767x8310
Jim Czach
Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
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Appendix C. Detailed Crash Data Road Safety Audit—Route 147 at Walnut Street and Suffield Street - Agawam, MA
Prepared by McMahon Associates, Inc.
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Appendix D. Additional Information