Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Executive Office of Transportation and Public Works
State Freight and Rail Plan
Western Regional Meeting
October 30, 2008
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Executive Office of Transportation and Public Works
Agenda
• Overview of Study
• Existing Economic Conditions and Trends
• Existing Conditions by Mode
• Truck
• Port
• Air
• Rail – Freight & Passenger
State Freight and Rail Plan Scope
• State Freight Plan
– Multi-modal – highway, rail, maritime, air
– Broad scope – infrastructure, operations,
policy
– Existing conditions, trends, potential actions
– Issues and opportunities in different modes
• State Rail Plan
– Satisfy federal requirements for rail plan
– Interaction among rail owners and operators
– Passenger and freight issues, opportunities
Freight &
Rail Plan
Plan Goals and Objectives
•
•
•
•
•
Capacity and Operations
Economic Development
Environment and Quality of Life
Safety and Security
Policy and Decision-Making
Freight &
Rail Plan
Integrated Public Outreach – Activities
• Key stakeholder outreach and feedback
– MPOs and RPAs, Massport, EOHED, and
Port Advisory Council
• Shipper – carrier interviews
– Railroads, MA ports, truckers
– Businesses, intermodal transport
• Regional public meetings
Linked with
Strategic Transportation Plan
Freight &
Rail Plan
EOT’s Strategic Transportation Plan:
youMove Massachusetts
• Phase
1 Outreach Workshops (10) recently completed
• Attendee-driven sessions – Input only
• Freight issues raised but focus on individuals
• Issues raised include:
• Consider rail freight & passengers to ports
• Preserve MA international & long-distance opportunities
• Eliminate conflicts between freight & residential uses
• EOT Freight and Rail Plan will focus more on freight input
Freight &
Rail Plan
Key Berkshire County Issues
• Region is remote and roads not made for heavy
trucks
• Truck traffic concentrated in Lee and Pittsfield
with local community conflicts
• Pittsfield economic center for region over 10
miles from Interstate
• Lack of good intermodal connections
• Housatonic RR maintains Class III service but
track condition requires low speeds
Freight &
Rail Plan
Key Franklin County Issues
• Intermodal facilities are lacking
• No regional airports for air cargo
• Other than I-91, most roads not conducive for
truck freight
– Conflicts between scenic byways and truck routes
• Wide loads of 12’ or more require a daily trip
permit
Freight &
Rail Plan
Key Pioneer Valley Region Issues
• Intermodal & regional transportation links critical
– Haul roads and multimodal freight corridors
• Maintain/expand Class I rail service
– Patriot Corridor with Pan Am / Norfolk Southern
• Truck traffic dominates freight movement
- Seek strategic infrastructure improvements
• Consider passenger rail and freight rail interface
Freight &
October 31, 2008
Rail Plan
Land Use and Economic Development
• Issues of Freight Operations
– Conflicts with existing land uses
– Expansion of commercial and residential uses in
metro areas crowding out industrial land
• Strategic Importance of Freight-Oriented
Development
– Opportunity for value capture and economic
development
• Industrial Land Holdings
– Potential role of state lands and potential sales
Freight &
Rail Plan
National and Global Freight Trends
• Globalization and Export Markets
– International trade as a % of US GDP
10% in the 1960s to 28% in 2006
– International trade growth exceeds overall economy
• Rising Fuel Prices
• Environmental
– Shifts in energy could change demand for coal
– Initiatives to reduce fuel consumption & emissions
Freight &
Rail Plan
Massachusetts Transportation Network
•
•
•
•
Interstate highway system – over 560 miles
Arterials – over 5,800 miles
Collectors and local roadways – 29,000 miles
Railroads – 1175 route miles
– 40% shared with passenger operations
– 40% in public ownership
• Ports – five major ports
• Air Freight – Logan and JFK
• Intermodal transfer sites – growing market
Freight &
Rail Plan
Benefits of Freight Transportation
• Travel time, delay, reliability
• Shipping and logistics costs
• Air emissions, noise, safety
• Infrastructure conditions, pavement damage
• Trade volumes, throughput at key facilities
• Economic development impacts
• Return on Investment (ROI)
Freight &
Rail Plan
Freight by Origin & Destination in MA
Freight by Origin
Freight by Destination
Freight &
Rail Plan
Population Growth in Massachusetts & US
1990-2007
1.20
1.15
1.10
1.05
1.00
0.95
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
Population Growth Index, 1990=1.0
1.25
Massachusetts
Freight &
Rail Plan
United States
Source: Population Estimates Program, Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau.
Massachusetts Per Capita Income % US
140
120
110
100
90
80
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
Percent of US
130
Massachusetts
Freight &
Rail Plan
United States
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, last updated May 2008.
Exports as a Share of GDP (US) and
GSP (MA) 1997-2007
20%
18%
16%
14%
Share
12%
MA
10%
US
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
1997 1998 1999 2000
Freight &
Rail Plan
2001 2002 2003
2004 2005 2006 2007
Source: WISERTrade and US Bureau of Economic Analysis.
2006 Industry Concentrations
(Location Quotients) by Region
Berkshire
Pioneer
Valley
Central
Greater
Boston
Northeast
Southeast
Cape &
Islands
MA
Natural Resources
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.3
0.4
1.1
0.7
0.5
Construction
0.9
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.8
1.0
1.2
0.7
Manufacturing
0.9
1.1
1.3
0.7
1.5
1.1
0.2
0.9
Trade & Transport
0.9
0.8
1.0
0.7
0.9
1.2
1.1
0.9
Information
0.7
0.7
0.7
1.5
0.9
0.7
0.9
1.2
Financial Activities
0.7
0.9
0.8
1.4
0.7
0.6
0.7
1.1
Professional &
Business
0.6
0.6
0.8
1.4
0.9
0.7
0.7
1.1
Education & Health
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.3
Leisure &
Hospitality
1.4
1.0
0.9
0.8
1.0
1.1
1.9
0.9
Other Services
1.2
1.4
1.9
0.8
1.0
1.1
1.1
0.9
Source: Massachusetts Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development and
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
Freight &
Rail Plan
Note: Industry concentrations measured in terms of relative industry employment
shares compared to the US
2007 Modal Share Massachusetts & US
90%
Modal shares based on
tonnage
80%
70%
Share
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Truck
Rail
Water
MA Share
Freight &
Rail Plan
Air/Other
US Share
Note: U.S. Air freight grouped with other, MA share is 0.1%
Source: Global Insight TRANSEARCH and FAF databases, 2007
Modal Share: MA and Western Region
90%
Modal shares based on
tonnage
80%
70%
Share
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Truck
Rail
Air
Western
Freight &
Rail Plan
Water
MA
Other
Truck and Rail Modal Share by Freight
Movement: Western Region
100%
Modal shares based on
tonnage
90%
80%
70%
Share
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Intra Region
Origin
Destination
Rail
Freight &
Rail Plan
Truck
Total
Top Ten Commodities: Western Region
Commodity
Total Tons
(Millions)
% Share
Nonmetallic Minerals
4.9
16.6%
Chemicals Or Allied Products
4.2
14.0%
Secondary Traffic
4.0
13.5%
Clay, Concrete, Glass Or Stone
3.8
12.8%
Food Or Kindred Products
3.7
12.3%
Lumber Or Wood Products
1.5
5.2%
Pulp, Paper Or Allied Products
1.4
4.8%
Primary Metal Products
1.1
3.7%
Petroleum or Coal Products
0.9
3.2%
Crude Petroleum or Natural Gas
0.6
2.2%
29.6
88.3%
TOTALFreight
TONS
&
Rail Plan
1970
Massachusetts
Truck Freight
2010
Freight &
Rail Plan
Highway and Trucking Issues
• Primary freight mode nationwide
– Greater in Massachusetts & New England
• Trucking absorbs most of freight flow increase
–
–
–
–
–
Fuel cost impacts
Traffic congestion
Cost to shippers and commuters
Air quality and carbon emissions
Pavement and bridge maintenance
Freight &
Rail Plan
Highway and Trucking Issues
• Intermodal connections
– Port of Boston – routes and weight limits
– Rail terminals – congestion
– Air cargo terminals – Logan congestion
• Market shifts
–
–
–
–
Southeastern Mass. – Distribution Centers
Central Mass. – Plastics
Eastern Mass. high value, low weight
Intermodal vs. over the road
Freight &
Rail Plan
Shipping Patterns MA Truck Freight Flows
90
80
70
Millions of Tons
60
50
40
30
20
10
Inbound
Freight &
Rail Plan
Outbound
Through
Internal
Source: 2007 Global Insight TRANSEARCH database
Truck Commodities MA Movements
Commodity
Truck Tons
(millions)
% Share
Secondary Traffic
36.3
16.0%
Food Or Kindred Products
30.1
13.2%
Nonmetallic Minerals
29.0
12.8%
Petroleum Or Coal Products
27.9
12.3%
Chemicals Or Allied Products
25.7
11.3%
Clay, Concrete, Glass Or Stone
23.8
10.5%
Pulp, Paper Or Allied Products
11.3
5.0%
Primary Metal Products
8.6
3.8%
Lumber Or Wood Products
6.4
2.8%
Fabricated Metal Products
5.5
2.4%
227.2
90.1%
TOTAL TONS
Freight &
Rail Plan
Western MA Infrastructure
Freight &
Rail Plan
Massachusetts Highway Freight Tons
Freight &
Rail Plan
Massachusetts
Ports
Boston
Fall
River
Freight &
Rail Plan
New
Bedford
Woods
Hole
Maritime Freight Issues & Opportunities
• Impact of fuel cost increases
• Maritime freight transport costs determined by many factors
• Short Sea Shipping
• Potentially viable in Fall River and/or New Bedford
• State Designated Port Areas
– Protect important industrial port areas
– Protect significant prior infrastructure investment
– DPA status subject to challenge
• Recent growth – limited capacity & landside connections
• Competition – New York/New Jersey & Halifax
Freight &
Rail Plan
North Atlantic Container Market Shares
Port
Halifax
2007
TEUs
Market
Share
2007
2007
Rank
% Change
2006-2007
490,071
22
6%
-7.7%
1,363,021
14
16%
5.7%
220,339
30
3%
10.1%
5,299,105
3
62%
4.1%
Philadelphia
253,492
27
3%
2.5%
Wilmington (DE)
284,352
24
3%
8.2%
Baltimore*
610,466
20
7%
-2.8%
100%
3.3%
Montreal
Boston
NY/NJ
TOTALS
8,520,846
* Baltimore data for Maryland Port Administration (MPA) facilities only
Source: AAPA Survey
Freight &
Rail Plan
Tonnage & Commodities: Port of Boston Metric
Tons
2007
% Share
1,733,957
100%
12,095
0.1%
7,679,205
58.2%
715,339
5.4%
3,154,858
23.9%
Gypsum
159,055
1.2%
Cement * (includes barge volume)
257,508
2.0%
1,223,565
9.3%
13,201,625
100%
539,966
93.8%
35,463
6.2%
575,429
100%
Total Containerized Cargo
Bulk Cargo Imports
Automobiles (Autoport)
Petroleum Products
Salt
Liquefied Natural Gas
Other
Sub-total Bulk Imports
Bulk Cargo Exports
Scrap Metal
Other
Sub-total Bulk Exports
FreightBulk
& Cargo
Total
Rail Plan
13,777,054
*Source: Massport
Port of Boston Issues & Opportunities
Boston Autoport
Main Channel
Conley Terminal
Near-dock rail
Freight &
Rail Plan
• Increased use Conley Terminal
• Dredging to deeper depths
• Connections to highways
• Increasing container exports
• Positive import/export ratio
• Proximity to near-dock rail
• Restrictive bridge heights
• Capacity of distribution centers
• Potential inland freight facilities
Massachusetts
Airports
Freight &
Rail Plan
Massachusetts Exports by Air (value)
1997
Percent
Change
2007
Logan Airport-Boston, MA
$3,433
$7,121
107%
J.F.K. Int. Airport, NY
$4,473
$6,849
53%
Miami Int. Airport, FL
$170
$291
72%
Los Angeles Int. Airport, CA
$176
$135
-23%
San Francisco Int. Airport, CA
$177
$58
-67%
* Millions of Dollars
Source: WISER Trade Database
Freight &
Rail Plan
Top Ten MA Air Commodities (tons)
Commodity
Air Tons
% Share
Chemicals Or Allied Products
78,208
24.6%
Mail Or Contract Traffic
50,854
16.0%
Pulp, Paper Or Allied Products
31,312
9.8%
Machinery
22,947
7.2%
Transportation Equipment
19,589
6.2%
Electrical Equipment
18,471
5.8%
Fresh Fish Or Marine Products
14,537
4.6%
Instruments, Photo Equip, Optical Equip
13,520
4.3%
Clay, Concrete, Glass Or Stone
12,899
4.1%
7,603
2.4%
318,051
85.0%
Fabricated Metal Products
TOTAL TONS
Freight &
Rail Plan
Air Cargo Issues & Opportunities
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Recent growth & investment - limitations on expansion
Roadway congestion to/from Logan
MA manufacturing high-value, low-weight goods
High demand for parcel shipments (UPS, FedEx, etc)
Hours of operation
Competition from other airports – JFK
Market share – future increase in overseas flights
Freight &
Rail Plan
Massachusetts
Rail Lines
Freight &
Rail Plan
Rail Overview
• Diversity of railroad ownership and operations
– 1,175 route miles of railroad in Massachusetts – 488 public
ownership, 687 private ownership
• Public – MBTA, EOT = 465 miles
• Private – CSX, Pan Am Railways = 491 miles
• Regional and short line operators = 219 miles
• Growing demand and congestion
– Shared freight and passenger operation
– Changing markets, customer focus
– Intermodal connectivity
• Infrastructure shrinking with abandonment, NIMBY
• Land use constraints
Freight &
Rail Plan
Massachusetts Freight Rail System
Freight &
Rail Plan
MA Freight Rail Weight Restrictions
Freight &
Rail Plan
Top Ten MA Rail Commodities
Commodity
Rail Tons
(millions)
% Share
Pulp, Paper Or Allied Products
2.77
15.5%
Misc Mixed Shipments
2.15
12.0%
Chemicals Or Allied Products
2.11
11.7%
Waste Or Scrap Materials
2.05
11.4%
Food Or Kindred Products
1.80
10.0%
Clay, Concrete, Glass Or Stone
1.31
7.3%
Coal
1.30
7.3%
Lumber Or Wood Products
1.02
5.7%
Farm Products
0.96
5.3%
Transportation Equipment
0.70
3.9%
17.94
90.1%
TOTAL TONS
Freight &
Rail Plan
Shipping Patterns of MA Rail Freight Flows
9
8
7
Millions of Tons
6
5
4
3
2
1
Inbound
Freight &
Rail Plan
Outbound
Through
Internal
Source: 2007 Global Insight TRANSEARCH database
Rail Issues – Freight
• Yard Infrastructure and Connectivity
• Community and Land Use Issues
– Lack of industrial sites
– Opposition to industrial development
• Control and coordination – Shared Use
• Policy issues
–
–
–
–
–
Freight weight restrictions (286k)
Vertical clearances
Freight turnouts
Cost allocation
Capacity constraints
Freight &
Rail Plan
Massachusetts Passenger Rail System
Freight &
Rail Plan
Rail – Passenger MA
• MBTA Commuter Rail Service:
– 491 weekday trains 145,000 daily passengers
– 14 lines to 133 stations 394- mile system
– Fifth largest commuter service - 40 million annual riders
• Amtrak NorthEast Corridor (NEC) Service:
– 40 daily trains New York City - Washington
– Daily ridership NEC 35,000-40,000
– Boston to Providence shared by Amtrak & MBTA
– This route is the MBTA’s highest-ridership line
• Amtrak Chicago “Lakeshore Limited”
• I-91 Knowledge Corridor
- Passenger and Freight Initiative
Freight &
Rail Plan
Knowledge
Corridor
Current
Proposed
Freight &
Rail Plan
Service Considerations
• Existing Amtrak Service to Conn River Line
– Potential DMU service
– Potential added trips
• Commuter Focused
– Integration with ConnDot initiatives
– Independent Operations and Market
• Intercity Service
– Improvement to Amtrak service
– Additional routes with Springfield as Hub
– Higher Speed Rail
Freight &
Rail Plan
Related Projects
• Boston-Springfield-New Haven HSR Corridor
– Part of FRA HSR Corridor
– $694,000 earmark for PVPC
– Considering combining with Boston Montreal HSR
Freight &
Rail Plan
ConnDOT Plans New Haven-Springfield
•
•
•
•
•
ConnDOT service increase by 2012
Increase 12 train to 30 trains
Amtrak trains and ConnDOT trains
Increase double track 23 - 42 miles
Service commuter-oriented
Freight &
Rail Plan
Rail Opportunities
• Public Private Partnerships
– Strategic investments to increase market share
– Need to evaluate state funding constraints
– Decision making to include state, railroad and
customers
• Multi-State Coordination
– Passenger and Freight
– I-95 Corridor Coalition
– Coalition of Northeastern Governors
Freight &
Rail Plan
Next Steps
•
•
•
•
•
Complete commodity flow assessment
Complete infrastructure conditions assessment
Refine issues and opportunities by mode
Regional public/stakeholder meetings
Draft preliminary strategies, investments, policy
Freight &
Rail Plan
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Executive Office of Transportation and Public Works
State Freight and Rail Plan
Thank you
Questions and Discussion
www.massfreightandrailplan.com
October 30, 2008