NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS CURRICULUM SUPPORT
Chinese Languages
Language – Education and Work
Simplified Mandarin
Teacher’s Notes
[HIGHER]
The Scottish Qualifications Authority regularly reviews
the arrangements for National Qualifications. Users of
all NQ support materials, whether published by
Learning and Teaching Scotland or others, are
reminded that it is their responsibility to check that the
support materials correspond to the requirements of the
current arrangements.
Acknowledgement
Learning and Teaching Scotland gratefully acknowledges this contribution to the National
Qualifications support programme for Chinese Languages.
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
This resource may be reproduced in whole or in part for educational purposes by educational
establishments in Scotland provided that no profit accrues at any stage.
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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Contents
Introduction
5
Activity 1: Reading and comprehension
Section 1
A
B
C
Section 2
A
B
D
Section 3
Part 1
Section 4
Activity 2: Listening and writing
Section 1
A
B
C
E
F
G
Section 2
A
C
Activity 3: Speaking and writing
Section 1
A
B
C
D
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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CONTENTS
Activity 4: Extended reading and comprehension
Section 1
Section 2
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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INTRODUCTION
Introduction
This booklet attempts to cover a wide range of topics, ranging from life in the
school to employment issues, which creates a big challenge to students at this
level. The resources here are based on real-life material, which may be more
challenging than what students are used to. However, students should persist
as this is what they would encounter in real -life situations. Students should be
encouraged to use a dictionary as they need on e. In some activities there may
be more than one correct answer; the teacher should be the final judge.
Activity 1 focuses on China’s education system, the information presented in
an introductory article and the personal experiences of a student, with the aim
of helping gain a general understanding of China’s education system. It
focuses on the development of reading and comprehension skills , and tries to
encourage becoming familiar with vocabulary used in the field of education.
Activity 2 covers various topics, ranging from school life to job intentions. It
also looks into the ways students can arrange their arguments in a logical way
that is appropriate to this level. The activity includes two listening activities,
grammar exercises on the use of conjunctions and a writing task.
Activity 3 covers the development of speaking and writing skills. The focus
here moves towards jobs, and looks at the skills necessary to work in a range
of common Chinese jobs. This unit also takes a more analytical look at the
vocabulary of employment, examining commonly recurring words in job titles.
Activity 4 is an extended reading and comprehension activity. It has two
articles. The first article tries to analyse the reasons for the decreasing
numbers of students taking university entrance exams in 2009, giving an
opportunity to see how simple arguments are used in real-life examples. The
second article is a university teacher describing what her job is like as a
teacher.
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
Answers to activities
Activity 1: Reading and comprehension
Section 1
A.
Do you know how China’s education system works? Before you start
reading, familiarise yourself with the following terminology. Match
following phrases with their meanings in English.
1. 义务教育
[yì wù jiào yù]
compulsory education
2. 适龄儿童
[shì ling ér tóng]
school-aged children
3. 基础教育
[jī chǔ jiào yù]
basic education
4. 助学金
[zhù xué jīn]
student aid fund
5. 扫盲教育
[sǎo máng jiào yù]
6. 专科
[zhuān kē]
anti-illiteracy campaign
two/three-year college course
7. 本科
[běn kē]
undergraduate course
8. 硕士
[shuò shì]
Master’s degree
9. 博士
[bó shì]
PhD
10. 技工
[jì gōng]
mechanic
B.
Now read through the following questions. See how many you can
answer.
1.
The Chinese education system has four main parts. Can you name them?
Suggested answer:
basic education, secondary education, higher education and adult
education
2.
‘Basic education’ includes education in kindergarten, primary school
and the first three years of secondary education. Do children pay for
their education in China? For how many years do pupils study in
primary schools in China?
Suggested answer:
The government has started an initiative provide free educati on for all
pupils from primary school to the first three years of secondary school.
But in practice a lot of schools still charge pupils a small amount of fee
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
to cover their incidental expenses such as their pencils, exercise books,
study material and extra tuition time.
Pupils at primary school usually study for six years and are taught by
different subject teaches/specialists.
3.
Chinese secondary education is divided into two phases. Do you know
what they are called?
The six years of education at secondary school is divided into two
halves: the first three-year phase is called “junior high school” and the
second three-year phase is called senior high school.
The first three years are part of the nine-year compulsory education,
which stars from grade 1 in primary school.
4.
What happens if students want to attend a vocational or technical school?
Suggested answer:
Students are to learn a specific skill at a vocational school. Usually
when they finish their junior high school (the first three years at
secondary school), there may be an option they can choose to attend a
vocational school, or they can choose to go to a vocational college
after senior high school. After they graduate, they may start a job.
Most students still try to pass the entrance ex aminations in order to
study in a university.
5.
Do you know how many years undergraduate, postgraduate and
doctorate degrees take in Chinese education?
Usually undergraduate takes about 4 years, both postgraduate and
doctorate may three yea. Some universities also offer a two-year
postgraduate course.
C.
Questions
1.
What are the four parts that make up the Chinese education system?
Basic education, vocational school or college, higher education and
adult education.
2.
Where do children of pre-school age go in China?
Kindergartens.
3.
For how many years do pupils study in primary schools in China?
6 years.
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
4.
5.
What types of school do secondary vocational and technical education
include? Tick all the relevant boxes.
a
Senior high school
b
Specialised middle school
c
Adult education
d
Vocational high school
e
Technician college
f
Vocational college
How many years of study does each level of Chinese higher education
require?
Levels of higher education
Years of study required
Doctorate
(3 years)
Postgraduate
(2/3 years)
University
(usually 4 years)
College
(2-3 years)
Section 2
A.
Study the vocabulary.
1.
幼儿园
kindergarten
2.
小学
primary
school
3.
6.
大学
university
7.
语文
Chinese
8.
11. 化学
12. 生物
Chemistry
Biology
16. 科学
17. 音乐
Science
Music
21. 信息技术
Information technology
8
初中
junior
high
school
数学
Math
4.
9.
高中
senior
high
school
英语
English
13. 政治
14. 地理
15. 历史
Politics
Geography
History
18. 美术
19. 体育
20. 计算机
Arts
P.E.
Computing
22. 思想品德
Ideology /moral education
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
高考
university
entrance
exam
10. 物理
Physics
5.
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
B.
Dictionary skills: Check the following words in your dictionary. Write
down their meanings.
1.
科幻
science fiction
2.
漫画
cartoon
3.
基本上
mainly; on the whole
4.
死记硬背
to learn by rote; to memorize mechanically
5.
节奏
rhythm; pace
6.
难度
degree of difficulty; difficulty
7.
强度
strength; intensity
8.
心存感
deeply grateful
9.
攻读
to major (in a field); to obtain a higher degree
10. 硕士
a Master’s degree
11. 考研
Master’s course entrance exams
D.
Translate the following phrases or sentences into English.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
挺无聊的
挺高兴的
挺悲伤的
今晚的节目真有意思。
这件事看起来很有意思。
她的表演太有意思了。
7.
比赛很精彩，特别是快到结
束的时候。
听到消息，所有的人都很高
兴，特别是汤姆。
好玩极了
高兴极了
好极了
精彩极了
无聊极了
她对美术有浓厚的兴趣。
他们对摄影有浓厚的兴趣。
他最喜欢音乐了，比如流行
乐、摇滚乐和古典乐。
随着生活节奏的加快，人们
感到工作压力也越来越大。
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
quite boring
quite happy
rather sad
The programme this evening was very
interesting.
This seems very interesting.
Her performance was very interesting.
The match was very exciting especially
right at the end.
When the news arrived, everyone was
happy, especially Wang Xing.
extremely amusing
extremely happy
excellent
extremely exciting
extremely boring
She’s very interested in arts.
They are very interested in photography.
He is very fond of music, such as popular
music, rock, and classical music.
As the pace of life is increasing, people
feel their work pressure is greater than
ever.
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
Section 3
Lin Tao, a Chinese university student from Wuhan, talks about what his
school days at different stages were like. Read the first part of the articl e
carefully and answer the questions that follow. Use the headings to help you
through the article.
Part 1
Questions
Kindergarten
1.
At what age did Lin Tao start his kindergarten?
He went to kindergarten at the age of 3.
2.
How long did his walk to the kindergarten take?
About 10 minutes.
3.
What does he remember most about his kindergarten?
There were a lot of teacher-led activities, which were great fun for Lin
Tao.
4.
Lin Tao mentioned different classes at his kindergarten. Match the
English with appropriate Chinese words.
Upper class
小班
4/5 years old
Middle class
中班
3/4 years old
Lower class
大班
5/6 years old
Primary school
5.
When did Lin Tao start his primary school?
Age 6.
6.
How long did it take him to go to school by bus?
About 15 minutes.
7.
What was his favourite subject?
Science.
8.
Lin Tao enjoyed going to the school library to read books. What books
did he enjoy reading?
Science fictions/cartoons.
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
9.
Translate the underlined Chinese sentence into English.
We were very friendly with each other in my class. If someone had
trouble, we would try to help and support each other.
Junior high school
10.
When did Lin Tao start his secondary school?
Age 12.
11.
How long did it take Lin Tao to cycle to the school?
About 20 minutes.
12.
What were Lin Tao’s favourite school subjects?
Mathematics, physics and chemistry.
13.
What subject did Lin Tao dislike most? Why?
Politics, because he had to memorise a lot of information.
Section 4
Questions
Senior school
1.
Tick all the correct statements based on what Lin Tao said in the first
paragraph of the text.
(a) Compared with junior school, the difficulty and intensity
of study increased.
(b) Lin Tao used to go to bed quite late.
(c) There is more pressure on study.
(d) Teachers become even stricter.
2.
What does Lin Tao hope to become in future?
He hoped to become a physicist.
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
3.
Tick all the subjects science students have to study in their second year
in senior school according to the second paragraph.
1.
Chinese
2.
Mathematics
3.
English
4.
Physics
5.
6.
Biology
7.
Politics
8.
Geography
9.
History
10. PE
11. Arts
4.
12. Information technology
Chemistry
13. Moral education
What subjects do science students and arts students study in the final
year at senior school? Fill in the table.
Science students
Arts students
Chinese, mathematics, English,
physics, chemistry
Chinese, mathematics, foreign
language, history, politics,
geography
University entrance exams
5.
Why do most students consider university entrance exams the most
important exams in their life?
The result of their university entrance exams could have a direct
influence on their future.
6.
In what month have university entrance exams been held since 2003?
The university entrance exams are held at the beginning of June.
University life
7.
What does Lin Tao study at university?
He studies physics.
8.
How does he like his university life?
He thinks it is much easier than senior school/less pressure/has more
free time
9.
What does he like to do in his free time apart from study?
He likes to make new friends, do part-time jobs or even travel around
the country.
10.
What is he likely to do after university?
He may continue to study for a postgraduate degree.
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
11.
Translate the underlined paragraph.
Because we were about to take university entran ce exams, the third year
at senior school was the busiest year in my school life. At weekends we
had lessons. I had to go to bed very late. But my parents understood the
pressure I was under, so they did almost all the housework at home. I
am grateful for that and hope one day I can repay their kindness.
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
Activity 2: Listening and writing
Section 1
A.
Huang Hua and Zhou Xiaoping, two Chinese students from a senior
middle school in Zhengzhou, are being interviewed about their life at
school, how they spend their weekends and their plans for the future.
Questions
1.
List three things that best describe Huang Hua's school life.
(a)
(b)
(c)
has to read a lot of revision material
a lot of homework
great pressure
2.
What does Huang Hua think of his school life?
He thinks it is worth the effort if he can go to university.
3.
What is Zhou Xiaoping's point of view about school life?
Students should learn to enjoy life as well as study.
4.
What does Zhou Xiaoping like to do apart from work?
He likes to take part in school-organised activities to keep him healthy.
5.
How does Huang Hua spend his weekends?
He likes to go to running in the park, watch films, listen to music and
chat with classmates. Sometimes he also goes for a meal in a restaurant.
6.
How does Zhou Xiaoping like to spend his weekends?
He likes playing football, basketball and running, as well as playing on
the computer, listening to music, reading novels, etc.
7.
What does Zhou Xiaoping think of his part -time job in a supermarket?
He thinks it is a good opportunity to get some work and social
experience.
8.
What does Huang Hua hope to do in future?
He hopes to become a writer.
9.
What books does Huang Hua like to read?
Chinese classical literature, adventure and science fiction .
10.
What does Zhou Xiaoping hope to do in future?
He hopes to study computing and develop on-line games.
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
B.
Check your answers using the script of the interview in Section 3 of
Activity 2.
记者:
黄华、周小平，你们好！我很高兴你们能接受我的采访。你
们能谈一谈目前的学习情况吗?
黄华:
我每天的学习非常紧张。在学校除了听好课，做好笔记外，
放学后我还得看很多复习资料，做很多家庭作业。高中学习
的科目很多，压力大，不过很多人都觉得上高中的目的就是
为了考上大学，现在虽然付出多一些，累一些，辛苦一些，
也是值得的。
周小平:
我倒不这么认为。虽然目前学生们普遍觉得学习压力过大，
但是我觉得除了学习以外，我们还应该学会如何享受生活。
考大学很重要，但是生活的内容也不应该仅仅局限于没日没
夜地学习啊！学生还应该注重培养乐观的生活态度，保持健
康的身心。所以，除了学习以外，我还经常参加一些学校组
织的体育活动，我相信这对于身心的发展都是有好处的。
记者:
你们能谈一谈周末你们是怎么过的吗？
黄华:
我也同意周小平的看法，做一些适当的体育锻炼对学生的身
心发展是有很多好处的。由于平时的课程很紧张，有时候星
期六学校还要补课，所以周末时间我都会去公园里跑跑步、
看看电影、听听音乐、和同学聊聊天，有时也到餐馆里去美
美地饱餐一顿。
周小平:
周末我喜欢打打篮球、踢踢足球、跑跑步啦。当然了，有时
间也玩玩计算机、听听音乐、看看小说。另外，每个星期天
上午我还在一家超市当临时导购员呢。虽然挣的钱不多，但
对我来说，这也是积累工作经验、体验社会的一个好机会。
记者:
能说一下你们的理想是什么吗？
黄华:
我从小就对文学十分感兴趣，希望将来能成为一名作家。我
想这可能是受父亲的影响吧！他是名中学语文老师，从小对
我的影响就很大。我爱看文学作品，特别是中国古典文学。
我还喜欢看探险类和科幻类的小说。
周小平:
我跟你不太一样。我喜欢听音乐，喜欢玩计算机游戏。今天
很多年轻人都喜欢玩计算机游戏，可以说计算机已经成为了
现代人生活的一部分。我希望以后能上计算机专业，将来从
事网络游戏开发之类的专业。
记者:
非常感谢你们俩能接受我的采访。谢谢你们！
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
C.
In the monologue you will listen to, Luo Xiaoli, a Chinese pupil who
has been in Scotland for the past three years, gives her opinion on
Scottish and Chinese education. Before you listen, chec k these words in
your dictionary. Write down their meanings.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
与日俱增 to grow with each passing day
甚至 even; so much so that
迷恋 to be infatuated with; to indulge in
偷偷地
by stealth
陌生 strange; unfamiliar
电子词典 electronic dictionary
名列前茅 to come out on top; to be in the first ten
迫使 to force
高分低能 high in score but low in ability
应试教育 education only for the purpose of examination
更加 more; still more; even more
注重 to pay attention to
挖掘 to excavate; to dig
修读 taking courses
E.
Listen to the monologue again. This time, try to answer the following
questions.
1.
When did Luo Xiaoli move to Scotland with her parents?
She moved to Scotland when she finished junior school.
2.
What does she hope to study at university?
Drawing.
3.
Why was she often criticised her by teacher at junior high school?
Because she read her drawing books in class, which adversely affected
her studies.
4.
What difficulties did she meet when she attended school here? How did
she solve them?
She could not understand what the teacher said in class so she felt very
nervous. She had to take an electronic dictionary with her all the time
and take down the new words so she could study them when she did her
homework in the evening.
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
5.
What is her understanding about the differences between the Chinese
and Scottish education systems? Fill in the table.
Chinese education
Suggested answer
 Students have to study hard,
which leaves them little time
to pursuit their hobbies.
 Subjects such as music and
arts may have to be
sacrificed.
 Teachers can be very strict.
F.
Scottish education
Suggested answer
 Pays more attention to
developing students’
potential; helps students
become more confident and
innovative.
Check your answers using the script of the monologue in Section 3 of
Activity 2.
我叫罗小莉。初中毕业后我随父母一块儿搬到了英国苏格兰，到现在已经有
三年了。
我出生在中国南方的一个小城市，在那里，我读完了小学和初中。现
在，我正准备考大学。我想学的是绘画专业。
我从小就喜欢绘画，父母也从来没有反对过我绘画。他们见我喜欢，
还常常给我买一些绘画方面的书籍。我对绘画的兴趣也与日俱增，甚至迷恋
到了上语文课时还偷偷地看绘画书的地步，这直接影响到了我的学习成绩。
为此，我经常受到老师的批评。
到了英国后，我跟着这里的当地学生念四年级，相当于国内的高一。
刚开始到学校时我对一切都感到很新鲜，但是同时也很紧张。老师在课堂上
所讲的内容我常常是一句也听不懂，所以经常要随身带着一本电子词典，碰
到新单词时我就把它们输入到电子词典里，晚上做家庭作业时再整理出来，
抄到笔记本上复习。
经过了一年的努力，我慢慢地适应了这儿的教育环境，对学校也不像
刚来时那么陌生了，和同学们相处得也很好。更重要的是，我还能继续选修
绘画。由于我的绘画出众，引起了老师的注意。在老师的精心指导下，不到
一年，我的绘画技巧便有了很大提高，作品也在学校举办的绘画比赛中名列
前茅，甚至还代表学校参加了地区比赛，获得了评委们的一致好评。
想起国内的教育，我觉得中国的应试教育虽然迫使学生努力学习，但
是应试教育的主要目的就是要把学生送进大学。这样便造成了学生学习只是
片面地追求高分数，出现了“高分低能”的现象。同时，学习上的压力也使得
像音乐、美术这类的学科成了应试教育的牺牲品。学生们花了大量时间应付
考试科目，自然再没有多余的精力和时间来发展自己的兴趣爱好了。相比之
下，
我觉得这里的教育更加注重挖掘学生潜力、培养学生的自信和创新能
力。比如说，学校会让学生修读不同的科目，扩大知识面，培养各方面的兴
趣，让学生全面发展。除此以外，学校还为学生提供了丰富多彩的课外活
动，比如：摄影、话剧表演、乐器演奏、绘画、舞蹈等等。这样，学生就有
机会充分地培养各种兴趣爱好。我想，这可能正是中国教育目前急需的吧！
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
G.
Translate the following sentence into English.
学校会让学生修读不同的科目，扩大知识面，培养各方面的兴趣，让学生全
面发展。除此以外，学校还为学生提供了丰富多彩的课外活动：摄影、话剧
表演、乐器演奏、绘画、舞蹈等等。
Suggested translation
For example, in order to expand our knowledge and develop our interests, the
school encourages students to take different courses. Apart from that, the
school also provides a wide range of activities such as photography, drama,
study of musical instrument, drawing, dancing, etc.
Section 2
A.
Combine the sentences together using the conjunctions given. An
example is given in each case.
Structure
不但、、、而且、、、
Example
他不但喜欢听音乐，
而且还喜欢跳舞。
1.
他很英俊，他很聪明。
他不但很英俊,而且很聪明.
2.
他能写歌词，他能唱歌。
他不但能写歌词, 而且能唱歌。
3.
她不但长得漂亮，而
且人也很聪明。
她喜欢写小说，她喜欢说故事。
她不但喜欢写小说，而且还喜欢说故事。
我不但喜欢数学，而
且还喜欢物理。
因为、、、（所以 ）、、、
Example
因为天气不好，所以
我们决定呆在家里看
电视。
因为缺乏自信，所以
他没赢得这场比赛。
4.
我生病了， 我不能来。
因为我生病了，(所以)不能来。
5.
外面在下雨，我决定再等一会儿。
(因为)外面在下雨，所以我决定再等一会儿。
6.
我没赶上车，我得再等十分钟。
(因为)我没赶上车，所以得再等十分钟。
7.
电视太重了，我抬不起来。
(因为)电视太重了，所以我抬不起来。
8.
天太晚了，我们等到第二天再讨论。
(因为)天太晚了，所以我们等到第二天再讨论。
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
虽然、、、但是、、、
9.
他很忙，他总是找时间给我辅导作业。
虽然他很忙，但是他总是找时间给我辅导作业。
Example
10. 她很可爱，她的脾气不好。
虽然她漂亮，但是她
缺乏自信。
虽然我们没有赢得这
场比赛，但是我们还
是觉得很有趣。
虽然她很可爱，但是脾气不好。
11. 公交车没有私家车方便，公交车比私家车环保。
虽然公交车没有私家车方便， 但是公交车比私
家车环保。
12. 学习很紧张，他总是可以找到时间听音乐。
虽然学习很紧张，但是他总是可以找到时间听音
乐。
13. 他有很多缺点，人很诚实。
虽然他有很多缺点，但是人很诚实。
14. 火车与汽车，火车更快。
与、、、、、、相比
火车与汽车相比，火车更快。
Example
15. 同班同学，他的个子高出不少。
与往年相比，今年的
情况不太理想。
与其他人相比，她的
表演要精彩些。
咖啡与茶相比，我更
喜欢茶。
与同班同学相比，他的个子高出不少。
16. 德语，我觉得汉语要容易些。
与德语相比，我觉得汉语要容易些。
17. 上个学期，这个学期他的成绩下降了。
与上个学期相比，这个学期他的成绩下降了。
18. 去年这个时候，今年的气候好多了。
与去年这个时候相比，今年的气候好多了。
除了、、、以外、、、
19. 他，大家都来了。
除了他以外，大家都来了。
Example
20. 我，没人选择不。
除了我以外，没人愿
意去。
除了英国人以外，参
加会议的还有中国
人。
除了学习以外，他还
要帮助父母照顾弟
弟。
除了我以外，没人选择不。
21. 北京，我没去过其它城市。
除了北京以外，我没去过其它城市。
22. 英语，我们还学习德语和西班牙语。
除了英语以外，我们还学习德语和西班牙语。
23. 绘画，她还擅长音乐和舞蹈。
除了绘画以外，她还擅长音乐和舞蹈。
除了牛肉以外，我什
么肉都吃。
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
C.
Five students are talking about their ambitions. Read what they say. Pay
attention to the reasons they give for their choices. Answer the
questions that follow each monologue.
1.
王顺林
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2.
李丹
1.
2.
3.
4.
What does Li Dan study at university?
She studies English.
What are the two reasons she chose her specialism?
She has been very fond of English since secondary school.
She wants to work in tour industry and take foreign guests to the
beautiful scenery in Yunnan.
赵婷婷
1.
What does Zhao Tingting study at university?
She studies business management.
2.
Why has she chosen this subject?
She is interested in business and her father has encouraged her to
get some work experience by doing part-time jobs.
She believes China will need more talent like hers in future.
马志海
1.
2.
20
What does Wang Shunlin study at university?
Chinese.
What does he want to become in future?
A writer.
What part-time job does he have?
A tour guide.
What does he say about Chengdu?
A very beautiful city; long history; lots of places of interest.
Why does he choose to do his part-time job?
It helps train his communication skills and develop his speaking
ability.
What does Ma Zhihai want to do after graduation from senior
school?
He wants to start his own restaurant.
What made him make his choice?
He doesn't think going to university is the onl y way to find a job.
Besides, he has always enjoyed cooking.
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
5.
孙兵
1.
What is Sun Bing’s opinion of his life at school?
There was a lot of pressure to study and he doesn't think the
knowledge has much practical value.
2.
What does Sun Bing want to do after senior school?
He wants to go to a vocational school or learn to become a taxi
driver.
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
Activity 3: Speaking and writing
Section 1
A.
There are characters such as 员, 长, 家, 士, 师, 生, 工 that are used as
suffixes referring to job titles or occupations. When they are added to
the ending of certain words, they change the words to be an occupation
or a job title. Use your dictionary and study the meanings of the
following:
Suffix
Examples
员
学员、列车员、打字员、演员、运动员、会员
长
船长、列车长、护士长、班长、队长、校长、站长
士
护士、学士、硕士、博士、院士、女士、男士、人士
家
作家、画家、歌唱家、书法家、发明家、探险家、科学家、物
理学家、艺术家
师
教师、医师、厨师、律师、工程师、会计师、讲师
生
医生、学生、留学生、实习生
工
木工、电工、技工、瓦工
B.
Choose and match the Chinese with English.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
研究员
记者
杂志社编辑
公司经理
外科医生
会计师
播音员
软件设计师
社工
司机
银行经理
心理辅导员
建筑师
技术员
教师
项目经理
消防员
警察
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
researcher
reporter
magazine editor
company manager
surgeon
accountant
broadcaster
software designer
social worker
driver
bank manager
psychoanalyst
architect
technician
teacher
project manager
fireman
policeman
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
19.
20.
21.
销售经理
桥梁设计师
专业绘图师
C.
What school subjects do you think students should study for these
occupations will require? Choose the subjects and fill in the grid.
business manager
bridge designer
professional illustrator
Suggested answer:
课程：
英语
中文
计算机
美术
物理
管理
戏剧
家政
设计
历史
地理
生物
商科
经济
心理学
法律
会计
化学
体育
宗教与哲学
职业
课程
会计师
会计
数学
计算机
经济
商科
英语
律师
英语
中文
法律
心理学
历史
宗教与
哲学
医生
英语
心理学
生物
化学
计算机
记者
英语
中文
计算机
历史
心理学
建筑师
地理
设计
计算机
英语
物理
酒店经理
家政
心理学
会计
商科
管理
室内设计师
家政
设计
计算机
美术
演员
英语
中文
戏剧
美术
画家
美术
计算机
作家
英语
中文
法律
心理学
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
D.
According to the results of the survey, what were the three most popular
occupations in 2006 and 2008?
2006
2008
No.1. 营销员
No.2. 会计师
No.3. 工程师
No.1. 公务员
No.2. 工程师
No.3. 网络游戏开发人员
E.
Several people are applying for the following jobs. Can you help match
the qualifications to the job title? Read the descriptions and link the
description with the title of the job.
工作及应聘者的自我描述
网络维护员
我对 WINDOWS 非常熟悉。我曾经在一家电脑公司做过兼职工作，参加负
责组建过几家公司的网络建设项目。我的工作内容主要包括网络设计、安装
系统、调试和维护等。
房屋设计
我们的培训课程经常有需要动手实践的项目。 首先，教师先向我们讲解理
论知识和步骤，然后我们在电脑设计出每一个步骤所需要的材料，最后，再
按照小组讨论后的方案动手将模型制作出来。
酒店管理经理
除了在学校学习理论以外，每个学期我们还有一次到单位实习的机会，学习
管理的各项内容，比如如何完成各项经营指标和费用指标、如何指定工作人
员的职责范围和工作程序、如何处理突发事件、如何了解和掌握产品信息
等。
篮球教练
我在大学学的是体育专业， 也是校队的篮球运动员，经常代表学校参加校
际间的篮球比赛。除了篮球以外，我还会打乒乓球、羽毛球和踢足球，游泳
也不错。
秘书
我以前在一家律师事务所做过两个月的秘书，有这方面的经验。我会打字，
会用电脑，我的中、英文都很好。
记者
我是学校文学协会的成员，曾经在校报和当地的报纸上发表过多篇文章。我
很喜欢旅游，喜欢和不同背景的人接触。每到一个地方我都喜欢用笔把我的
所见所闻和感想记录下来。
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
Activity 4: Extended reading and comprehension
Section 1
 Questions
1.
How many secondary students took the entrance exam for universities
and colleges in 2002, 2008 and 2009?
Year
Number of
students
2.
2002
2008
2009
5,270,000
10,500,000
10,000,000 plus
Tick all the reasons for the decrease in the number of students who took
university entrance exams.
(a) Most students who took the exam were born after
1990.
(b) University entrance exams are becoming too difficult
for most students.
(c) Some students realise that higher education may not
be the only way to a promising job.
(d) University students cannot find the jobs they want
straight away after graduation.
3.
Why did Chen Gang change his mind about taking part in university
entrance exams?
He thinks studying a skill at a technical college is more practical.
4.
What does Miss Zhang say about the growing popularity of vocational
and training colleges?
She says because practical skills can help students find jobs easier, it
encourages more students to attend the college.
5.
What is the positive aspect of this change the article mentions?
University is not the only way to find jobs.
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
Section 2
Questions
1.
Why does Miss Li often go to the office an hour early?
To prepare a day’s work.
2.
How many lessons does she have in the morning?
Usually she has two or three lessons in the morning.
3.
How does she spend her afternoons?
She uses the afternoon to mark students’ work, prepare lessons and giv e
students tutorial lessons.
4.
What other things does she try to add to the class apart from teaching
about language and culture?
She tries to find the last article in the newspapers and little stories so
that the contents of the lessons become more prac tical and fun.
5.
According to Miss Li, what is one of the reasons students are fond of
Chinese in their first year?
Because the language appears fresh and fun to them.
6.
Why is the first year important for students?
Because if they make mistakes it may affect them in the coming years.
7.
What challenges do second-year students face?
Even though their spoken Chinese improves it is still not fluent enough
and it is easy to confuse characters that look similar.
8.
After four years of learning, the fourth-year students can already do a
lot. What things can they do?
They can read difficult textbooks, newspaper s and internet articles
fluently.
9.
What is rewarding about Miss Li’s job?
When students come to university they know nothing, but when they
leave the university they not only can speak fluent Chinese but also
have good handwriting.
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TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
ANSWERS TO ACTIVITIES
10.
Translate the underlined sentence.
经过四年的学习，学生们从跨进校门时对汉语的一无所知，到离开学
校时不仅能够说一口流利的汉语，而且还能写一手漂亮的汉字，这对
教师来说，莫过于是最开心的事情了。
Suggested answer:
After four years’ work, students are no longer the same as when they
first came to the university, when they knew nothing about Chinese, by
the time when they leave they can not only speak fluent Chinese but also
do a beautiful handwriting. Nothing is better than this to a teacher!
TEACHER’S NOTES: SIMPLIFIED MANDARIN (H, CHINESE LANGUAGES)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
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