2
BIOLOGY
19.04.09 sundayherald
STANDARDGRADE (GENERAL) 2008
Marks KU PS
Yeast cells were grown and their numbers recorded over a 35 hour period.
The results are shown on the graph.
(b) Either birth rate was greater than the death rate
Or death rate was less than the birth rate
2.
(c) Any two from:
• lack of food/sugar/glucose/maltose
• lack of oxygen
• build up of waste/alcohol/carbon dioxide
• decrease in pH/too acidic
DO NOT
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800
2.
2. (a) 19
ANSWERS
700
600
Number of
yeast cells
(thousands
per mm3)
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Time (hours)
(a) How many times greater was the maximum number of yeast cells
compared to the number at the start?
Space for calculation.
____________________ times greater
1
(b) In terms of birth rate and death rate, explain why the population of
yeast increased during the first 20 hours.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
1
(c) Name two factors which could limit the growth of the population of
yeast cells after 20 hours.
1 _____________________________________________
2 _____________________________________________
All past paper exam questions in this supplement are copyright of the SQA and are reproduced with its permission. The answers
were supplied by Leckie and Leckie, whose new series of Practice Papers for SQA exams is published in July. Thanks to both the
SQA and Leckie and Leckie for their help in the publicationPage
of this supplement.
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four
2
sundayherald 19.04.09
3
DO NOT
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MARGIN
• water
• oxygen
4. (a) A
(d) recycle minerals or nutrients or example neede
for plant growth/
return nutrients or minerals to the soil
The activity of soil organisms was investigated. Some leaves were placed in
bags of different mesh sizes and buried in soil for three months.
(c) allow time for decomposition/
decomposition happens slowly
Leaves: Any one from:
• species or type
• age
• size
• mass
• surface area
• number
• freshness
Each bag was dug up at one month intervals and the percentage
decomposition of the leaves recorded. The results are shown on the graph.
70
large mesh
(b) Bags: Any one from:
• type of material
• size or surface area or volume
• how tightly they were closed
• thickness
40
Percentage
decomposition 30
of the leaves
20
60
14
8
0
small mesh
0
1
2
Time (months)
3
(a) After three months, what percentage of the leaves had decomposed in
each bag?
Large mesh bag
_______________ %
Medium mesh bag _______________ %
Small mesh bag
_______________ %
1
(b) Give one feature of the bags and one feature of the leaves which would
have to be kept constant when setting up the investigation.
Bags __________________________________________________________
1
Leaves ________________________________________________________
1
(c) Why was it necessary to wait for one month before collecting any
results?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
1
(d) Explain why it is important that leaves and other dead material
decompose.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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4.
Page five
1
[Turn over
(a) The diagram shows the internal structure of a broad bean seed.
A
Which letter indicates the food store of the seed?
B
From thetwo
lis factors needed f
(b) From the list below, ) underline
needed for all seeds to germinate.
water
C
de
light
1
carbon dioxide
oxygen
1
ANSWERS
medium mesh
10
• Large mesh bag
• Medium mesh bag
• Small mesh bag
50
3. (a)
60
(b)
Marks KU PS
3.
4
19.04.09 sundayherald
BIOLOGY
HIGHER 2007
SECTION A
6. D
3. B
7. D
SECTION A
Rate of
uptake
Y
ANSWERS
X
2. D
A
5. D
X
4. Which graph best illustrates the effect of
increasing temperature on the rate of active uptake
of ions by roots?
1. A
Which line in the table identifies correctly the
two cell structures shown in the diagram?
4. D
1.
Y
0
A
Golgi body
Vesicle
B
Golgi body
Ribosome
C
Endoplasmic reticulum
Vesicle
D
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome
Temperature (°C)
70
5.
B
Rate of
uptake
Which substances must be provided by host
cells for the synthesis of viruses?
A Proteins and nucleotides
B
Amino acids and DNA
C Proteins and DNA
D Amino acids and nucleotides
2.
The phospholipid
membrane allow the
molecules
in
a
cell
0
Temperature (°C)
70
6.
A free passage of glucose molecules
B
D membrane to be fluid.
3.
A absorb all wavelengths of light
self-recognition of cells
C active transport of ions
C
B
Rate of
uptake
Red blood cells have a solute concentration of
around 0.9%.
Which of the following statements correctly
describes the fate of these cells when immersed
in a 1% salt solution?
absorb light of different intensities
C use light to build up foods
D use light of different wavelengths for
synthesis.
7.
0
Temperature (°C)
70
0
Temperature (°C)
70
A The cells will burst.
B
The action spectrum of photosynthesis is a
measure of the ability of plants to
The diagram shows DNA during replication.
Base H represents thymine and base M
represents guanine. Which letters represent
the base cytosine?
The cells will shrink.
C The cells will expand but not burst.
D The cells will remain unaffected.
D Rate of
uptake
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
R
A J and K
B
J and L
C N and P
D N and R
sundayherald 19.04.09
5
Marks
(c) five
carbon dioxide
hydrogen
three
All questions in this section should be attempted.
All answers must be written clearly and legibly in ink.
(i) photolysis/photolytic splitting of water (in
granum)
(ii) NADP
(a) The diagram contains information about light striking a leaf.
1. (a) (i) Transmitted (through leaf)/
transmission/transmittance
(ii) granum/grana (of chloroplast)/thylakoids
light
reflected
from leaf
SECTION B
absorbed by
pigments
ANSWERS
1.
(i) Apart from being absorbed or reflected, what can happen to light which
strikes a leaf?
1
(ii) Pigments that absorb light are found within leaf cells.
State the exact location of these pigments.
1
(b) The diagram below shows part of the light dependent stage of photosynthesis.
light
energy
water
oxygen
hydrogen accepted
by compound X
(i) Name this part of the light dependent stage.
1
(ii) Name compound X.
1
(c) The following sentences describe events in the carbon fixation stage of
photosynthesis.
Underline one alternative in each pair to make the sentences correct.
The
{
{
{ }
three
five
carbon compound ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) accepts
carbon dioxide
hydrogen
}
}
Carbon dioxide
Hydrogen
.
is accepted by the
glycerate phosphate (GP).
{ }
three
five
(b)
SECTION B
carbon compound
2