Measuring the Impact of ICTs on Climate Change
4 December, 2008
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
Japan
Basic Idea for the Impact of ICTs on Climate Change
ICT itself produces CO2 emissions through consumption of electric power to
operate equipment / systems.
On the other hand, ICT usage can contribute to a reduction in CO2 emissions
through:
- Improvement of energy efficiency
- Improved efficiency in production and consumption of products
- Reduction of movement of people and products
Environment measurement and predictions using ICT are also possible.
Examples
Energy efficiency
• ITS(Intensive control of ETC, VICS, and traffic lights)
• BEMS(Building energy management system)
• HEMS(Household energy management system)
Reduction of movement of people and products
• Online shopping, online trading
• Telework, TV conferencing
• Music, video, and software distribution
• e-application (tax declaration, online receipt)
Efficiency in production and consumption of
products
• Supply chain management
• e-publication and distribution
• Paperless office
Measurement and predictions of environment
• Radar for measuring CO2
• Sensing network
• Global simulator
We can contribute to tackling global warming issues by promoting spread of ICT
use
Study group on ICT policies to tackle global warming issues
As global warming issues become ever more serious, the MIC has set up a
“Study group on ICT policies to tackle global warming issues”.
The group's purpose is to investigate how ICTs can have a positive impact in
global warming issues.
Subjects
(1) Estimation of possible effects of ICTs on CO2 emissions and power
consumption in the near future
(2) Deliberation on ways to realize further CO2 emissions reduction through ICTs
(3) ICT research and development that contribute to CO2 emissions reduction.
(4) International contributions in the ICT field, as a response to global warming.
2
Estimation of total reductions in CO2 Emissions by utilizing ICT
Method of Evaluation
Total reduction in
CO2 emissions by
utilizing ICT
=
Effects of reductions in
CO2 emission by utilization
of ICT
Effect
(1)Consumption of products
(2)Power consumption/energy
consumption
(3)Movement of people
(4)Movement of goods
(5)Improved efficiency of office
space
(6)Storage of goods
(7)Improved work efficiency
(8)Wastes
Effects of reductions in
CO2 emissions by
utilization ICT
–
CO2
emissions by
ICT
Subject of power Consumption calculation
Businesses
User
Fixed
communication
Mobile
communication
Internet
Telephone
Fax
FAX
O NU etc.)
Modems (ONU,
Switchboard, airconditioner
Mobile terminal
Base station, switchboard,
air-conditioner
LAN switch
Router, LAN
PC,
PC server
Storage
Printer
Data
center
aircondition
er
Estimation of total reductions in CO2 Emissions by ICT
(2)-1 Power Consumption in ICT Field (Telecommunication)
Game
RFID
Financial terminals machines, etc.RFI
readers/Writer
s
D
/
600
60
500
50
1%
Non-countermeasured
LAN
Power Consumption (billion kWh)
Measures
400
40
2%
LAN
switch
7%
7%
0.1%
Fixed
telecommunicatio
n carriers 6%
6%
Router
Fixed
telecommunication
user system
14%
14%
Storage
1%
Mainframe
2%
300
30
200
20
Mobile phone
telecommunic
10%
ation carriers
10%
KWh
Wh
57 570
billion kWh
Data center
air-conditioners
Server s
100
10
6%
18%
00
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
<Power consumption in
telecommunication field>
Printers
PC
PC ‘s(for
10%
commercial
use)
10%
Mobile
phone
telecommuni
0.2%
cation user
machine
6%
PC
3% )
PC (for household
3%
<Breakdown of power consumption in
telecommunication field in 2012
(Non-countermeasured cases)>
Power consumption in the telecommunications field in 2012 is estimated to be 57
billion kWh (However, estimated at 44 billion kWh when energy saving measures are
implemented)
4
Estimation of total reductions in CO2 Emissions by ICT
(2)-2 Power Consumption and CO2 Emissions in ICT Field
<CO2 emissions of overall ICT field>
<Power consumption of overall ICT field>
1,100
000
3,500
Broadcasting field
Telecommunications
Information
and communication
field field
(Non-countermeasured case)
(Non-countermeasured
case)
3,000
t-Ct-CO
O 22
10000
billion
kW kWh
h
800
80
600
60
Broadcasting field
Telecommunications
field field
Information and communication
(Non-countermeasured
case)
(Non-countermeasured case)
2,500
2,000
1,500
400
40
1,000
200
20
500
0
00
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Year
2009
2010
2011
2012
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Year
ItItisisestimated
73billion
billionkWh
kWhpower
powerwill
willbe
beconsumed
consumedand
and300
300million
million
estimatedthat
thatin
in2012,
2012,73
tons
tonsof
ofCO
CO22will
willbe
beemitted
emittedin
inthe
thewhole
wholeICT
ICTfield
fieldcombining
combiningtelecommunication
telecommunication
field
fieldas
aswell
wellas
asbroadcasting
broadcastingfield.
field. (Equivalent
(Equivalentto
to2.4%
2.4%of
ofCO
CO22emissions
emissionsin
inJapan
Japan
in
in1990)
1990)
* For the conversion from power consumed to CO2 emitted, the CO2 emissions basic unit values announced by the Federation of Electric
Power Companies of Japan each year are used. Between 2007 and 2012, the 2006 value of 0.410 kg–CO2/kWh is used.
5
Estimation of total reductions in CO2 Emissions by ICT
(3) Reduction in CO2 Emissions by utilizing ICT
ICT areas and examples of ICT exploitation that we selected for calculating CO2
emissions reduction
Areas
Examples of ICT exploitation
e-trade for individuals
Online shopping / Issuance of online air tickets /
Purchase of tickets at convenience store /
Installation of automatic Cash Dispensers
e-trade for corporate business
Online transactions / Supply chain management /
Reuse market
e-digitization of substances
Music content / Visual content / PC software /
Newspapers and books
Movement of people
Telework / TV conferences / Remote control
Advanced road traffic system
ITS
e-government and emunicipality
e-tenders / e-applications (tax filing) /
e-applications (online receipt)
Energy control
BEMS, HEMS
Estimation of reductions in CO2 Emissions by utilization of ICT
(8) Results
3.0
Percentage in respect to CO2 emissions
in Japan for 1990
“ ñ2
Ž _0
‰ »0
’ Y5
‘ f” N
‘ “x
” r‚ Ì
o“ ú
— Ê– {
‚ É‚ Ì
‘Î
‚·
‚é
Š„
‡
“
2.2%
2.1
2.0
2.3%
2.2
2.4%
2.3
303000
million tons
1.0
0.0
2006”
“x
2006N
2010”
“x
2010N
2012”
“x
2012N
1.0
Subtract
Contributes to CO2
emissions reduction of
38 million tons (3.0%)
2.0
686800
million tons
2.5%
2.4
3.0
4.0
5.0
CO emissions (Broadcast+information
CO2”
ro
— Ê•
iú
‘—{•
îñ
’ÊM
)
communication)
CO
reduction
CO2 Œ
í¸
—Ê
2
2
6.0
5.0%
5.0
5.4%
5.4
In 2012, 30 million tons of CO2 are expected to be emitted in the ICT field, but the use of ICT will produce
CO2 reduction effects of 68 million tons, contributing to CO2 emissions reduction of 38 million tons
(Equivalent to 3.0% of 1990 CO2 emissions in Japan)
* This calculation includes “reduction potentials” which do not appear immediately, and efforts are required to realize these potentials.
7
Thank you.